SIST EN IEC 60300-3-10:2025
(Main)Dependability management - Part 3-10: Application guide - Maintainability and maintenance (IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
Dependability management - Part 3-10: Application guide - Maintainability and maintenance (IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 gives guidance to managers and technical and financial personnel on the basic principles of maintainability and maintenance activities that are applicable to any organization.
This document describes:
- the value and nature of maintainability and maintenance characteristics;
- the interfaces between maintainability and related dependability attributes of reliability, availability and supportability, as well as potential trade-offs that can be made through the interfaces during the life cycle of an item;
- the elements of maintainability and maintenance programmes;
- the application of maintainability and maintenance programmes throughout the life cycle;
- techniques to ensure maintainability and maintenance requirements are met;
- maintainability and maintenance data and information management.
This document is applicable to equipment, software, services, or structures, and gives guidance on matters of common interest to any business supplying, purchasing or sustaining products, services, or structures.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2001. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- more guidance is included on establishing a maintenance programme;
- some guidance on support and supportability has been removed and has been moved to IEC 60300-3-14.
Zuverlässigkeitsmanagement - Teil 3-10: Anwendungsleitfaden – Instandhaltbarkeit und Unterstützbarkeit (IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
Gestion de la sûreté de fonctionnement - Partie 3-10: Guide d’application - Maintenabilité et maintenance (IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 fournit des recommandations aux responsables ainsi qu’au personnel technique et financier sur les principes de base de la maintenabilité et des activités de maintenance qui sont applicables à toute organisation.
Ce document décrit:
- la valeur et la nature des caractéristiques de maintenabilité et de maintenance;
- les interfaces entre la maintenabilité et les attributs de fiabilité, de disponibilité et de supportabilité associés à la sûreté de fonctionnement, ainsi que les compromis qui peuvent être faits au niveau des interfaces au cours du cycle de vie d’une entité;
- les éléments des programmes de maintenabilité et de maintenance;
- l’application de programmes de maintenabilité et de maintenance tout au long du cycle de vie;
- les techniques pour s’assurer que les exigences de maintenabilité et de maintenance sont respectées;
- la gestion des données et des informations relatives à la maintenabilité et la maintenance.
Ce document s’applique aux équipements, logiciels, services ou structures et fournit des recommandations sur des questions d’intérêt commun à toute entreprise qui fournit, achète ou maintient des produits, des services ou des structures.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2001. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition comprend les changements techniques significatifs suivants par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- ajout de recommandations supplémentaires concernant l’établissement d’un programme de maintenance;
- suppression et déplacement de certaines recommandations concernant le support et la supportabilité vers l’IEC 60300-3-14.
Vodenje zagotovljivosti - 3-10. del: Navodilo za uporabo - Vzdrževalnost in vzdrževanje (IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
Standard IEC 60300-3-10:2025 vsebuje smernice za vodje ter tehnično in finančno osebje v zvezi z osnovnimi načeli vzdrževalnosti in vzdrževanja, ki se uporabljajo za vse organizacije. Ta dokument opisuje: – vrednost in vrsto značilnosti vzdrževalnosti in vzdrževanja; – vmesnike med vzdrževalnostjo in povezanimi atributi zagotovljivosti za zanesljivost, razpoložljivost in podpornost ter možne kompromise, ki jih je mogoče doseči prek vmesnikov med življenjskim ciklom elementa; – elemente programov vzdrževalnosti in vzdrževanja; – uporabo programov vzdrževalnosti in vzdrževanja v celotnem življenjskem ciklu; – tehnike, s katerimi se zagotovi izpolnjevanje zahtev glede vzdrževalnosti in vzdrževanja; – vodenje podatkov ter informacij o vzdrževalnosti in vzdrževanju. Ta dokument se uporablja za opremo, programsko opremo, storitve ali strukture ter vsebuje smernice o zadevah, ki so v skupnem interesu vsakega podjetja, ki se ukvarja z dobavo, nakupom ali vzdrževanjem izdelkov, storitev ali struktur. Druga izdaja razveljavlja in nadomešča prvo izdajo, objavljeno leta 2001. Ta izdaja je tehnično popravljena izdaja. Ta izdaja v primerjavi s prejšnjo vključuje naslednje pomembne tehnične spremembe: – vključenih je več smernic o vzpostavitvi programa vzdrževanja; – nekatere smernice o podpori in podpornosti so bile odstranjene ter premaknjene v standard IEC 60300-3-14.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2025
Vodenje zagotovljivosti - 3-10. del: Navodilo za uporabo - Vzdrževalnost in
vzdrževanje (IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
Dependability management - Part 3-10: Application guide - Maintainability and
maintenance (IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
Zuverlässigkeitsmanagement - Teil 3-10: Anwendungsleitfaden – Instandhaltbarkeit und
Unterstützbarkeit (IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
Gestion de la sûreté de fonctionnement - Partie 3-10: Guide d’application - Maintenabilité
et maintenance (IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 60300-3-10:2025
ICS:
03.120.01 Kakovost na splošno Quality in general
21.020 Značilnosti in načrtovanje Characteristics and design of
strojev, aparatov, opreme machines, apparatus,
equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 60300-3-10
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM September 2025
ICS 03.100.40; 03.120.01
English Version
Dependability management - Part 3-10: Application guide -
Maintainability and maintenance
(IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
Gestion de la sûreté de fonctionnement - Partie 3-10: Guide Zuverlässigkeitsmanagement - Teil 3-10:
d'application - Maintenabilité et maintenance Anwendungsleitfaden - Instandhaltbarkeit und
(IEC 60300-3-10:2025) Unterstützbarkeit
(IEC 60300-3-10:2025)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2025-08-20. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 60300-3-10:2025 E
European foreword
The text of document 56/2059/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60300-3-10, prepared by TC 56
"Dependability" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2026-09-30
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2028-09-30
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60300-3-10:2025 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 60300-1 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60300-1
IEC 60300-3-2 NOTE Approved as EN 60300-3-2
IEC 60300-3-3 NOTE Approved as EN 60300-3-3
IEC 60300-3-4 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60300-3-4
IEC 60300-3-11 NOTE Approved as EN 60300-3-11
IEC 60300-3-12 NOTE Approved as EN 60300-3-12
IEC 60300-3-14 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60300-3-14
IEC 60300-3-16 NOTE Approved as EN 60300-3-16
IEC 60706-5 NOTE Approved as EN 60706-5
IEC 60812 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60812
IEC 61025 NOTE Approved as EN 61025
IEC 61078 NOTE Approved as EN 61078
IEC 61165 NOTE Approved as EN 61165
IEC 61709 NOTE Approved as EN 61709
IEC 62402 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62402
IEC 62508 NOTE Approved as EN 62508
IEC 62740 NOTE Approved as EN 62740
IEC 62741 NOTE Approved as EN 62741
IEC 62960 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62960
ISO 9000 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 9000
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cencenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-192 - International electrotechnical vocabulary - - -
Part 192: Dependability
IEC 60300-3-10 ®
Edition 2.0 2025-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Dependability management -
Part 3-10: Application guide - Maintainability and maintenance
ICS 03.100.40; 03.120.01 ISBN 978-2-8327-0569-8
IEC 60300-3-10:2025-07(en)
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions. 7
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 9
4 Maintainability and maintenance overview . 10
4.1 Description of maintainability . 10
4.2 Description of maintenance . 10
4.3 Principles . 10
4.4 Benefits . 11
4.5 Interfaces. 11
4.5.1 General . 11
4.5.2 Effect of maintainability and maintenance on reliability . 12
4.5.3 Effect of maintainability and maintenance on supportability and support . 12
4.5.4 Effect of maintainability and maintenance on availability . 13
4.5.5 Effect of maintainability and maintenance on life cycle cost . 13
5 Manager responsibility . 13
5.1 Overview . 13
5.2 Maintenance policy . 14
6 Specifying for maintainability and maintenance. 15
6.1 Defining requirements . 15
6.2 Characteristics of maintainable items . 16
6.3 Measures of maintainability . 17
6.3.1 Overview . 17
6.3.2 Quantitative measures of maintainability . 17
6.3.3 Qualitative measures of maintainability . 20
6.3.4 Measures of testability . 22
6.4 Measures of maintenance effectiveness . 23
7 Maintainability programme . 24
7.1 Overview . 24
7.2 Plan the maintainability programme . 24
7.2.1 Establishing the context . 24
7.2.2 Define the objectives and scope . 25
7.2.3 Plan maintainability activities and associated resources . 25
7.3 Maintainability activities . 26
7.3.1 Modelling . 26
7.3.2 Allocation . 26
7.3.3 Analysis . 27
7.3.4 Prediction . 28
7.3.5 Trade-off studies . 29
7.3.6 Measurement . 30
7.4 Perform maintainability activities . 31
7.5 Review of maintainability activities . 31
8 Maintenance programme . 32
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
8.1 Overview . 32
8.2 Planning the maintenance programme . 33
8.2.1 Establish the context . 33
8.2.2 Maintenance concept . 33
8.2.3 Establish management arrangements and resources . 34
8.3 Establishing the maintenance tasks . 35
8.3.1 Maintenance analysis . 35
8.3.2 Task packaging . 38
8.3.3 Scheduling . 38
8.4 Maintenance procedures . 39
8.5 Performing maintenance . 40
8.6 Data collection and maintenance improvement . 42
9 Managing maintainability and maintenance over the life cycle . 43
9.1 General . 43
9.2 Concept stage. 43
9.2.1 Overview . 43
9.3 Development stage . 44
9.3.1 Maintainability design . 44
9.3.2 Maintenance and support design . 46
9.3.3 Design reviews . 47
9.4 Realization stage . 47
9.4.1 Manufacturing . 47
9.4.2 Installation . 47
9.5 Utilization stage . 48
9.5.1 Operations and maintenance . 48
9.5.2 Software maintenance help desk . 48
9.5.3 Enhancement stage . 49
9.6 Retirement stage . 49
10 Assurance . 50
10.1 Assurance objectives . 50
10.2 Methods of assurance . 50
10.2.1 Overview . 50
10.2.2 Methods of verification . 50
10.2.3 Verification process . 51
10.2.4 Conditions and constraints. 52
10.2.5 Dependability case . 52
11 Contractor management . 53
12 Maintainability and maintenance information . 54
12.1 General . 54
12.2 Information types . 54
12.3 Data and information control . 55
12.3.1 General . 55
12.3.2 Configuration management . 56
Annex A (informative) Maintainability analysis . 57
A.1 General . 57
A.2 Design support. 60
A.2.1 Design criteria and checklists . 60
A.2.2 Design reviews . 60
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
A.3 Maintainability and maintenance activities, tools and procedures . 61
A.3.1 Block diagrams . 61
A.3.2 Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) . 63
A.3.3 Fault tree analysis (FTA) . 63
A.3.4 Reliability centred maintenance (RCM) . 63
A.3.5 Task analysis. 64
A.3.6 Level of repair analysis (LORA) . 64
A.3.7 Testability analysis . 64
A.3.8 Human factors analysis . 65
A.3.9 Maintainability index analysis . 65
A.3.10 Maintainability demonstration . 65
A.3.11 Root cause analysis . 66
Annex B (informative) Maintenance execution . 67
B.1 General . 67
B.2 Interrelationship of maintenance terms . 67
B.3 Maintenance model . 68
B.3.1 General . 68
B.3.2 Process model sub-elements . 68
Bibliography . 70
Figure 1 – Basic steps in maintainability prediction . 29
Figure 2 – Maintenance and maintenance support planning process . 37
Figure 3 – Types of maintenance tasks . 40
Figure 4 – Maintainability and maintenance planning process . 46
Figure A.1 – Maintainability analysis in the design process . 59
Figure A.2 – Hardware level maintainability block diagram . 62
Figure B.1 – Interrelationship of maintenance terms . 67
Figure B.2 – Maintenance management model . 68
Table 1 – Examples of quantitative maintainability measures (hardware) . 18
Table 2 – Examples of quantitative maintainability measures (software) . 20
Table 3 – Examples of qualitative maintainability measures . 21
Table 4 – Examples of testability measures . 22
Table 5 – Qualitative and quantitative maintainability verification procedures. 51
Table A.1 – Detailed tasks in maintainability analysis . 57
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
Dependability management -
Part 3-10: Application guide - Maintainability and maintenance
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent
the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60300-3-10 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 56: Dependability. It is an
International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2001. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) more guidance is included on establishing a maintenance programme;
b) some guidance on support and supportability has been removed and has been moved to
IEC 60300-3-14.
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
56/2059/FDIS 56/2097/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60300 series, published under the general title Dependability
management, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
INTRODUCTION
This document provides guidance on how to identify and apply appropriate analysis and
assurance techniques for maintainability and maintenance.
Maintainability relates to the ease and speed with which an item can be retained in, or restored
to, a state to perform as required. Maintainability relates to the time and resources to undertake
maintenance in a defined context.
For software, maintainability is the ease with which the software can be modified without major
reverse engineering or redesign to address faults and changing needs. The purpose of software
maintenance is to retain the functionality of software over time.
Maintenance actions are those necessary to retain or restore an item to a state to perform as
required. The relative ease and economy of maintenance actions relates to the total impact
resulting from the actions’ frequency, timing, and duration. The impact can include economic,
availability and performance impacts.
An important part of the cost of an item over its life is the total resources spent on the tasks
necessary to maintain it in a satisfactory condition. This is influenced by the number of required
tasks, their complexity, and duration. An item that can be maintained easily and is supported
by a competent and efficient maintenance organization generally has a greater availability and
a reduced life cycle cost compared to one that does not have these attributes.
This document provides managers and technical professionals involved in specification, design,
development, manufacture, acceptance and use of products and services with guidance on how
to achieve, analyse and ensure maintainability and maintenance effectiveness.
Guidance in this document can be used at any time during the life cycle of an item or project
for the planning and implementation of a maintainability or maintenance programme.
The activities described within this document can form part of an organization’s asset
management or quality management strategy and can therefore be aligned to, and consistent
with, the organizational objectives.
The maintainability and maintenance programme content described in this document can be
tailored to suit the needs of the application. Maintainability and maintenance programmes can
be conducted independently or as one integrated programme.
This document is one of the ‘top level’ interrelated dependability standards that provides
managers and technical personnel with guidance on how to effectively plan and implement
dependability activities. Other documents in the suite are:
– IEC 60300-1 which highlights the importance and benefits of managing dependability. It
gives guidance on dependability activities and how to integrate them into an existing
management system and life cycle processes;
– IEC 60300-3-4 which provides guidance for writing dependability requirements in
specifications together with a means of assuring the achievement of those requirements;
– IEC 60300-3-14 which provides guidance on how to identify and apply appropriate analysis
and assurance techniques for supportability (and support);
– Standards to cover reliability and availability, which are planned.
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60300 gives guidance to managers and technical and financial personnel on
the basic principles of maintainability and maintenance activities that are applicable to any
organization.
This document describes:
– the value and nature of maintainability and maintenance characteristics;
– the interfaces between maintainability and related dependability attributes of reliability,
availability and supportability, as well as potential trade-offs that can be made through the
interfaces during the life cycle of an item;
– the elements of maintainability and maintenance programmes;
– the application of maintainability and maintenance programmes throughout the life cycle;
– techniques to ensure maintainability and maintenance requirements are met;
– maintainability and maintenance data and information management.
This document is applicable to equipment, software, services, or structures, and gives guidance
on matters of common interest to any business supplying, purchasing or sustaining products,
services, or structures.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-192, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 192: Dependability,
available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-192 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
item
subject being considered
Note 1 to entry: The item can be an individual part, component, device, functional unit, equipment, subsystem,
system, service or process.
Note 2 to entry: The item can consist of hardware, software, people or any combination thereof.
Note 3 to entry: The item is often comprised of elements that can each be individually considered.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2024, 192-01-01]
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
3.1.2
off-the-shelf
OTS
item commercially available for purchase and use without the need to conduct development
activities
Note 1 to entry: OTS is sometimes referred to as COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) or MOTS (modified off-the-shelf).
3.1.3
indenture level
level of sub-division within a system hierarchy
EXAMPLE System, subsystem, assembly and component.
Note 1 to entry: From the maintenance perspective, the indenture level depends upon various factors, including the
complexity of the item’s construction, the accessibility of sub-items, skill level of maintenance personnel, test
equipment facilities, and safety considerations.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-01-05]
3.1.4
maintenance
combination of all technical and management actions intended to retain an item in, or restore it
to, a state in which it can perform as required
Note 1 to entry: Management is assumed to include supervision activities.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-06-01]
3.1.5
maintainability
ability to be retained in, or restored to, a state to perform as required, under given conditions
Note 1 to entry: Conditions of use and maintenance impact maintainability. These include conditions such as:
location for maintenance, accessibility, maintenance procedures and maintenance resources.
Note 2 to entry: Maintainability can be quantified using appropriate measures.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2024, 192-01-27, modified – Note 1 to entry has been replaced]
3.1.6
maintenance support
provision of resources to maintain an item
Note 1 to entry: Resources include human resources, support equipment, materials and spare parts, maintenance
facilities, documentation and information, and maintenance information systems.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-01-28]
3.1.7
line of maintenance
position in an organization where specified levels of maintenance are to be carried out
st nd rd
EXAMPLE 1 line – field; 2 line – repair shop; 3 line – manufacturer’s facility.
Note 1 to entry: The line of maintenance is characterized by the level of skill of the personnel, the facilities provided,
the location, etc.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-06-03]
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
3.1.8
maintenance concept
definition of the maintenance objectives, line of maintenance, indenture levels, maintenance
levels, maintenance support, and their interrelationships
Note 1 to entry: The maintenance concept of an item provides the basis for maintenance planning, determining
supportability requirements, and developing logistic support.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-06-02, modified – The first preferred term “maintenance
policy” has been omitted and in Note 1 to entry, it has been replaced with “maintenance
concept”.]
3.1.9
maintenance policy
maintenance philosophy
intentions and direction of an organization as formally expressed by its top management (as
related to maintenance)
[SOURCE: ISO 55000:2024, 3.3.6, modified – In the first preferred term "maintenance" has
been added, the second preferred term "maintenance philosophy" has been added and in the
definition "(as related to maintenance)" has been added.]
3.1.10
testability
degree to which an item can be tested
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-09-20, modified – The domain "" has been
deleted.]
3.2 Abbreviated terms
BIT built-in test
BITE built-in test equipment
OTS off-the-shelf
FMEA failure modes and effects analysis
FMECA failure modes, effects and criticality analysis
ILS integrated logistic support
ILSP integrated logistic support plan
IPS integrated project support
LCC life cycle cost
LORA level of repair analysis
LRU line replaceable unit
MLDT mean logistic delay time
MTTM mean time to maintain (preventive tasks)
MTTR mean time to restoration (or repair or recovery)
OEM original equipment manufacturer
RAM random access memory
RCM reliability centred maintenance
ROM read-only memory
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
4 Maintainability and maintenance overview
4.1 Description of maintainability
Maintainability relates to the ease and speed with which an item can be retained in, or restored
to, a state to perform as required. It is a characteristic of the item design, construction,
installation, and commissioning. Maintainability is designed into an item for defined user
requirements, including the use environment. Improved maintainability can reduce life cycle
cost and support preservation of the item’s inherent reliability.
Maintainability can be measured as the probability that a given maintenance action, performed
under stated conditions, using specified procedures and with defined support, can be completed
within a specific time period. This defined support can include personnel with defined
competencies, spares, tools, information, facilities, and logistics applied within a defined
organizational context.
Software differs from hardware in that it does not wear out and faults originate in the
specification, design logic or coding process and they can lie hidden until specific input
conditions occur. For software, maintainability relates to the ease and speed with which
software can be modified to change or add capabilities, to correct faults, improve performance
or other attributes, or to adapt it to a different environment. From a system perspective, the
time to restore a system following a software crash can be an important parameter as this has
an immediate impact on operations and user experience.
4.2 Description of maintenance
Maintenance is described as the combination of all technical and administrative actions,
including supervisory actions, intended to retain an item in, or restore it to, a state in which it
can perform as required when required. Maintenance covers preventive and corrective
maintenance. Preventive maintenance is the maintenance carried out to mitigate degradation
and reduce the probability of failure and corrective maintenance is the maintenance carried out
after fault detection to effect restoration.
It is necessary to identify the maintenance tasks that are required to achieve the desired
availability of an item before the maintainability can be fully defined. It is not feasible or cost-
effective to maintain some items. Some equipment is designed to run to failure because
maintenance is ineffective in reducing the probability of failure modes or the maintenance costs
are not justified by the cost of failure.
Maintenance does not include maintenance support. Maintenance is the action required to
maintain, whereas maintenance support is all the resources required to maintain the item
(see IEC 60300-3-14).
Clause 6 to Clause 8 detail the specifications and the programmes for maintenance.
4.3 Principles
Evaluation and control of maintainability and maintenance is founded on a set of principles.
These principles should directly influence the intent of, design for, and delivery of an
organization’s maintenance activity.
These principles are as follows:
1) Maintenance exists to provide value.
Maintenance tasks, and the associated maintainability characteristics of an item, exist to
provide value to stakeholders. Value is what is important to the business, reflected in
organizational objectives. Value can be tangible, such as increased volume of product, or
intangible, such as improved consumer confidence. It can be financial, such as reduced cost
to repair an item, or non-financial, such as improved safety.
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
2) Maintainability and maintenance tasks are inherent to a design solution.
Maintainability is an inherent characteristic of a design solution. This means that it is a
permanent attribute of that design which cannot be improved without a change to the design
solution, the operating environment or both. Maintainability levels and maintenance tasks
are inextricably linked such that maintenance tasks become a consequence of the design
solution.
3) Maintainability can be balanced against other dependability attributes and stakeholder
requirements to achieve organizational objectives.
Maintainability, reliability, and supportability can be balanced and traded-off to achieve
availability, a measure commonly aligned with business success. Dependability attributes
can also be balanced and traded-off with other organizational considerations such as cost
and assurance level required.
4) Maintainability and maintenance activities continue in-service to continuously improve and
ensure that the item continues to meet stakeholder requirements.
During the in-service phase of the item, the environment, stakeholder requirements and
other factors can change and, thus, the continued evaluation of the achievement of
maintainability and maintenance effectiveness is necessary.
When applying these principles to develop a maintainability or maintenance programme,
activities should be tailored considering market conditions, item complexity and stakeholder
definition and requirements together with the size and experience of the organization.
4.4 Benefits
Benefits of controlling maintainability and maintenance include:
– establishing an appropriate and cost-effective maintenance schedule;
– providing justified confidence that the dependability of items will be as required, when
required;
– understanding and managing the risks of failure or degraded performance in an effective
way to achieve a balance of cost, risk, and performance;
– enabling maintainability design weaknesses to be identified and improved with consideration
for performance, risk and life cycle cost;
– providing information and data that enable continual improvement;
– preserving inherent levels of reliability and safety designed into the item;
– reducing item down time resulting in improved availability;
– reducing maintenance effort and related support resources resulting in reduced life cycle
cost;
– improving timeliness of maintenance delivery;
– improving quality of maintenance resulting in higher realized levels of reliability;
– improving safety of maintenance personnel through improved access and ergonomics;
– improving sustainability by preserving the inherent characteristics of the item and increasing
the life and possibility of re-use.
4.5 Interfaces
4.5.1 General
Dependability is the ability to perform as and when required. Dependability has many attributes
but is usually characterized in terms of reliability, maintainability, supportability, and the
resulting availability. In some cases, other characteristics such as durability and integrity are
also included under the umbrella of dependability. Managing maintainability can improve
dependability by reducing downtime and the level of resources necessary to ensure the item
can perform as required, when required.
IEC 60300-3-10:2025 IEC 2025
4.5.2 Effect of maintainability and mainten
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