SIST EN 1442:2006
(Main)LPG equipment and accessories - Transportable refillable welded steel cylinders for LPG - Design and construction
LPG equipment and accessories - Transportable refillable welded steel cylinders for LPG - Design and construction
This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the design, construction and testing during manufacture of transportable refillable welded steel Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) cylinders, of water capacity from 0,5 l up to and including 150 l, exposed to ambient temperatures. This European Standard applies only to cylinders having a circular cross-section. The main technical changes are a widening of the range of materials permitted, reference to the latest ISO welding standards, the introduction of radioscopy as a permitted alternative to radiographic examination of welds, a reduction in the minimum required burst pressure from 50 bar to 35 bar and simplification of the marking requirements by reference to EN 14894.
Flüssiggas-Geräte und Ausrüstungsteile - Ortsbewegliche, wiederbefüllbare, geschweißte Flaschen aus Stahl für Flüssiggas (LPG) - Gestaltung und Konstruktion
Diese Europäische Norm legt Mindestanforderungen an die Gestaltung, Konstruktion und Prüfung während
der Herstellung von ortsbeweglichen, wiederbefüllbaren, geschweißten Flüssiggasflaschen (LPG) aus Stahl
mit einem Fassungsraum von 0,5 l bis einschließlich 150 l fest, wenn diese der Umgebungstemperatur
ausgesetzt werden.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nur für Flaschen mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt.
Équipements pour GPL et leurs accessoires - Bouteilles en acier soudé transportables et rechargeables pour gaz de pétrole liquéfiés (GPL) - Conception et fabrication
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences minimales concernant la conception, la construction et
les essais lors de la fabrication des bouteilles en acier soudé, transportables et rechargeables pour gaz de
pétrole liquéfié (GPL) d?une capacité en eau comprise entre 0,5 l et 150 l inclus, soumises a la température
ambiante.
La présente Norme européenne s?applique uniquement aux bouteilles de section transversale circulaire.
Oprema in pribor za UNP – Ponovno polnljive varjene plinske jeklenke za UNP – Zasnova in izdelava
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.LPG equipment and accessories - Transportable refillable welded steel cylinders for LPG - Design and constructionOprema in pribor za UNP – Ponovno polnljive varjene plinske jeklenke za UNP – Zasnova in izdelavaÉquipements pour GPL et leurs accessoires - Bouteilles en acier soudé transportables et rechargeables pour gaz de pétrole liquéfiés (GPL) - Conception et fabricationFlüssiggas-Geräte und Ausrüstungsteile - Ortsbewegliche, wiederbefüllbare, geschweißte Flaschen aus Stahl für Flüssiggas (LPG) - Gestaltung und KonstruktionTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1442:2006SIST EN 1442:2006en23.020.30MHNOHQNHPressure vessels, gas cylindersICS:SIST EN 1442:1999/A2:2005SIST EN 1442:1999/AC:2000SIST EN 1442:1999SIST EN 1442:1999/A1:20021DGRPHãþDSLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1442:200601-oktober-2006
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 1442June 2006ICS 23.020.30Supersedes EN 1442:1998
English VersionLPG equipment and accessories - Transportable refillablewelded steel cylinders for LPG - Design and constructionÉquipements pour GPL et leurs accessoires - Bouteilles enacier soudé transportables et rechargeables pour gaz depétrole liquéfiés (GPL) - Conception et fabricationFlüssiggas-Geräte und Ausrüstungsteile - Ortsbewegliche,wiederbefüllbare, geschweißte Flaschen aus Stahl fürFlüssiggas (LPG) - Gestaltung und KonstruktionThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 May 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1442:2006: E
EN 1442:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms, definitions and symbols.7 3.1 Terms and definitions.7 3.2 Symbols.7 4 Materials.8 5 Design.9 5.1 General requirements.9 5.2 Calculation of cylindrical shell thickness.10 5.3 Design of torispherical and semi-ellipsoidal ends concave to pressure.10 5.4 Design of ends of shapes other than torispherical and semi-ellipsoidal.14 5.5 Minimum wall thickness.14 5.6 Design of openings.15 5.7 Valve protection.15 5.8 Non-pressure containing attachments.15 6 Construction and workmanship.15 6.1 Welding qualification.15 6.2 Plates and pressed parts.16 6.3 Welded joints.16 6.4 Tolerances.18 6.4.1 Out-of-roundness.18 6.4.2 Straightness.18 6.4.3 Verticality.18 6.5 Closure of openings.18 6.6 Heat treatment.18 7 Tests and examinations.19 7.1 General.19 7.2 Types of test and evaluation of test results.19 7.3 Test specimens and related tests and examinations.19 7.3.1 Two-piece cylinders.19 7.3.2 Three-piece cylinders.20 7.3.3 Valve boss welds.21 7.4 Tensile test.22 7.4.1 Parent metal.22 7.4.2 Welds.22 7.5 Bend test.22 7.5.1 Procedure.22 7.5.2 Requirements.23 7.6 Burst test under hydraulic pressure.24 7.6.1 Procedure.24 7.6.2 Requirements.25 7.7 Pressure test.26 7.7.1 Procedure.26 7.7.2 Requirements.26 7.8 Radiographic examination.26 7.8.1 Procedure.26
EN 1442:2006 (E) 3 7.8.2 Assessment.27 7.8.3 Requirements.27 7.9 Macro examination.28 7.9.1 Procedure.28 7.9.2 Requirement.28 7.10 Visual examination of the surface of the weld.28 7.10.1 Procedure.28 7.10.2 Requirements.28 7.11 Fatigue test.28 7.11.1 Procedure.28 7.11.2 Requirements.29 8 Technical requirements for type approval.29 8.1 Extent of testing.29 8.2 Cylinder types.29 8.3 Type approval certificate.30 9 Production testing and examination requirements.30 9.1 Tests and examinations applicable to all cylinders.30 9.2 Radiographic examination.30 9.3 Macro examination.31 9.4 Examination of valve boss weld.31 9.5 Examination of non-pressure containing attachment welds.31 9.6 Unacceptable imperfections found by the radiographic or macro examinations.31 9.7 Batch testing (mechanical / burst tests).32 9.7.1 Batch.32 9.7.2 Inspection lots.32 9.7.3 Rate of sampling.32 9.7.4 Additional checks.34 9.8 Failure to meet mechanical and burst test requirements.34 9.8.1 Mechanical.34 9.8.2 Burst.34 9.8.3 Batch retest.34 9.8.4 Resubmission of a batch.35 9.8.5 Weld repairs.35 10 Marking.35 11 Certificate.35 Annex A (normative)
Manufacturer's marking.36 Bibliography.37
EN 1442:2006 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 1442:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 286 “Liquefied petroleum gas equipment and accessories”, the secretariat of which is held by NSAI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2006. This document supersedes EN 1442:1998. This European Standard has been submitted for reference into the RID and/or in the technical annexes of the ADR.
Therefore the standards listed in the normative references and covering basic requirements of the RID/ADR not addressed within the present standard are normative only when the standards themselves are referred to in the RID and/or in the technical annexes of the ADR. This European Standard has been extensively re-formatted to align with other more recent LPG cylinder standards. The main technical changes are a widening of the range of materials permitted, reference to the latest
ISO welding standards, the introduction of radioscopy as a permitted alternative to radiographic examination of welds, a reduction in the minimum required burst pressure from 50 bar to 35 bar and simplification of the marking requirements by reference to EN 14894. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 1442:2006 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard calls for the use of substances and procedures that may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligations relating to health and safety at any stage. It has been assumed in the drafting of this European Standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people. All pressures are gauge unless otherwise stated.
EN 1442:2006 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the design, construction and testing during manufacture of transportable refillable welded steel Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) cylinders, of water capacity from 0,5 l up to and including 150 l, exposed to ambient temperatures. This European Standard applies only to cylinders having a circular cross-section. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 287–1, Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding — Part 1: Steels EN 462–1, Non-destructive testing — Image quality of radiographs — Part 1: Image quality indicators (wire type) — Determination of image quality value EN 462–2, Non-destructive testing — Image quality of radiographs — Part 2: Image quality indicators (step/hole type) — Determination of image quality value EN 473:2000, Non-destructive testing — Qualification and certification of NDT personnel — General principles EN 895, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Transverse tensile test EN 910, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Bend tests EN 962:1996, Transportable gas cylinders — Valve protection caps and valve guards for industrial and medical gas cylinders — Design, construction and tests EN 970, Non-destructive examination of fusion welds — Visual examination EN 1321, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Macroscopic and microscopic examination of welds EN 1418, Welding personnel — Approval testing of welding operators for fusion welding and resistance weld setters for fully mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials EN 1435:1997, Non-destructive examination of welds — Radiographic examination of welded joints EN 10002–1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature EN 10120, Steel sheet and strip for welded gas cylinders EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents EN 14894, LPG equipment and accessories —Cylinder and drum marking EN ISO 643, Steels — Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size (ISO 643:2003) EN ISO 5817:2003, Welding — Fusion welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys (beam welding excluded) — Quality levels for imperfections (ISO 5817:2003) EN ISO 6520–1, Welding and allied processes — Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic materials — Part 1: Fusion welding (ISO 6520-1:1998)
EN 1442:2006 (E) 7 EN ISO 15609-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding procedure specification — Part 1: Arc welding (ISO 15609-1:2004) EN ISO 15613, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Qualification based on pre-production welding test (ISO 15613:2004) EN ISO 15614-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding procedure test — Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys
(ISO 15614-1:2004) 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 yield strength upper yield strength ReH or 0,2 % proof strength (non-proportional elongation), Rp0,2, for steels that do not exhibit a defined yield 3.1.2 normalised condition resulting from heat treatment in which a finished cylinder is heated to a uniform temperature above the upper critical point (Ac3) of the steel and then cooled under controlled conditions 3.1.3 stress relieved condition resulting from heat treatment in which a finished cylinder is heated to a uniform temperature below the lower critical point (Ac1) of the steel and cooled in a still atmosphere, the object of which is to reduce the residual stresses without altering the metallurgical structure of the steel 3.1.4 weld-overrun zone area on a circumferential weld where the weld metal deposition has carried on beyond the start point 3.2 Symbols a calculated thickness of the cylindrical shell, in millimetres. A percentage elongation after fracture. b calculated thickness of the end of the cylinder, in millimetres. C shape factor for ends (see Table 2, Figure 2 and Figure 3). D outside diameter of the cylinder as given in the design drawing (see Figure 1), in millimetres. Dp outside diameter of a bend test mandrel (see Figure 8), in millimetres. e actual thickness of the material in the finished cylinder (at the point under consideration), in millimetres. h height of the cylindrical part of the end (see Figure 1), in millimetres. H outside height of the domed part of the end (see Figure 1), in millimetres.
EN 1442:2006 (E) 8 J stress reduction factor. Lo original gauge length of the test piece, in accordance with EN 10002–1, in millimetres. n ratio of diameter of bend test former to the thickness of the test piece, (see Table 6). Pc calculation pressure (1 bar = 105 Pa = 105 N/m2), used to calculate the minimum required thickness of the cylindrical shell and ends, in bar. Pb maximum pressure attained during the burst test, in bar. Ph actual test pressure applied to the cylinder by the manufacturer, in bar. Phmin minimum permissible test pressure, in bar. r inside knuckle radius of the torispherical end, in millimetres. R inside spherical radius of the torispherical end, in millimetres. Rg minimum value of tensile strength guaranteed by the cylinder manufacturer for the finished cylinder, in newtons per square millimetre. Ro minimum value of yield strength guaranteed by the cylinder manufacturer for the finished cylinder, in newtons per square millimetre. Rm actual value of tensile strength determined by the tensile test specified in 7.4, in newtons per square millimetre. ReH upper yield strength, in newtons per square millimetre, as defined in EN 10002–1. Rp0,2
Proof strength, non proportional extension in newtons per square millimetre, as defined in
EN 10002–1. 4 Materials 4.1 Materials for shells and end pressings shall be in accordance with EN 10120 or other equivalent material specification or standard meeting the requirements of Table 1.
Alternative material specifications shall, as a minimum, specify chemical composition, mechanical properties, heat treatment and delivery conditions. NOTE "Materials" refers to materials in the state before any specific transformation occurring during the manufacturing process. 4.2 All parts welded to the cylinder shall be made of material compatible with the cylinder material. 4.3 The welding consumables shall be such that they are capable of giving consistent welds. 4.4 The cylinder manufacturer shall obtain certificates showing the chemical analysis and details of the mechanical properties of the steel supplied for the construction of the pressure retaining parts.
The certificates/reports shall be in accordance with EN 10204:2004, Type 3.1 for shells and ends and Type 2.2 for the valve boss. 4.5 The manufacturer shall maintain a system of identification for the materials used in the fabrication in order that all materials for pressure parts in the completed cylinder can be traced to their origin.
EN 1442:2006 (E) 9 Table 1 — Material requirements Element Limits % Materials, other than according to EN 10120, used for the fabrication of cylinders shall be of weldable quality and the following limits shall not be exceeded in the cast analysis: Carbon Silicon Manganese Phosphorus Sulphur Phosphorous plus sulphur
0,22 max. 0,50 max. 0,30 min. to 1,60 max. 0,025 max. 0,020 max. 0,040 max. Use of micro-alloying elements such as niobium, titanium and vanadium shall be limited to the following contents: Niobium Titanium Vanadium Niobium plus vanadium
0,05 max. 0,05 max. 0,05 max. 0,08 max. Where other micro-alloying elements are used, their presence and amounts shall be reported, together with the above, in the steel manufacturer's certificate. Should check analyses be required, they shall be carried out either on specimens taken during manufacture from material in the form as supplied by the steel manufacturer to the cylinder manufacturer or from finished cylinders.
5 Design 5.1 General requirements 5.1.1 The calculation of the wall thickness of the pressure parts shall be based on the yield strength of the material. 5.1.2 For calculation purposes, the value of the yield strength Ro is limited to a maximum of 0,85 Rg. 5.1.3 The calculation pressure (Pc) shall be not less than the higher of: absolute developed pressure at 65 °C of the highest pressure LPG mixture to be filled minus 1 bar, or 10 bar.
EN 1442:2006 (E) 10 NOTE This requirement is in accordance with RID/ADR.
Test pressures for tabulated mixtures of LPG are listed in table P200 of ADR. 5.1.4 A drawing, which includes full dimensions that define the cylinder type (see 8.2) and the specification of the material, shall be produced. 5.2 Calculation of cylindrical shell thickness The wall thickness, a, of the cylindrical shell shall be not less than: cocPJ)R( DPa+×××=15
For cylindrical shells with a longitudinal weld: J = 0,9 For cylindrical shells, including the cylindrical parts of ends, without a longitudinal weld: J = 1,0 5.3 Design of torispherical and semi-ellipsoidal ends concave to pressure 5.3.1 The shape of ends shall be such that the following conditions are fulfilled: for torispherical ends
R < D ; r > 0,1 D ; h > 4b (see Figure 1); for semi-ellipsoidal ends H > 0,2 D ; h > 4b (see Figure 1).
EN 1442:2006 (E) 11
Key 1 torispherical end 2 semi-ellipsoidal end Figure 1 — Illustration of cylinder ends concave to pressure NOTE For torispherical ends the height H can be calculated using: )](D) [(]D)[()(b r
2b R2
b R
b R H+−++×−+−+=2 5.3.2 The wall thickness, a, of any cylindrical part shall be calculated in accordance with 5.2. This requirement is not applicable where the length of the cylindrical portion of the cylinder, measured between the beginning of the domed parts of the two ends, is not more thanbD2.
In this case the wall thickness shall be not less than that of the domed part. The thickness, b, of the domed part shall be not less than: cocP)R(C DPb+×××=15
In this equation, C is a shape factor, the value of which depends on the ratio H/D. The value of C shall be obtained from Figure 2 or Figure 3/Table 2.
EN 1442:2006 (E) 12
Figure 2 — Values of shape factor C for H/D between 0,2 and 0,25
EN 1442:2006 (E) 13
Figure 3 — Values of shape factor C for H/D between 0,25 and 0,5
EN 1442:2006 (E) 14 Table 2 — Relationship between H/D and shape factor C H/D C H/D C 0,25 1,000 0,38 0,612 0,26 0,931 0,39 0,604 0,27 0,885 0,40 0,596 0,28 0,845 0,41 0,588 0,29 0,809 0,42 0,581 0,30 0,775 0,43 0,576 0,31 0,743 0,44 0,572 0,32 0,713 0,45 0,570 0,33 0,687 0,46 0,568 0,34 0,667 0,47 0,566 0,35 0,649 0,48 0,565 0,36 0,633 0,49 0,564 0,37 0,621 0,50 0,564 NOTE Intermediate values can be obtained by linear interpolation.
5.4 Design of ends of shapes other than torispherical and semi-ellipsoidal Ends of shapes other than those covered by 5.3 may be used provided that the adequacy of their design is demonstrated by a fatigue test in accordance with 7.11 or by appropriate stress analysis.
For ends convex to pressure, the minimum end thickness shall be not less than 2 times that required by 5.2. 5.5 Minimum wall thickness The minimum wall thickness of the cylindrical shell and ends shall be not less than the greater of: the values of a and b determined in accordance with 5.2 and 5.3 or 5.4, as appropriate, or the following values, as appropriate: for D < 100 mm: 1,1 mm for 100 mm < D < 150 mm: [1,1 + 0,008 (D-100)] mm for D > 150 mm: [0,7250 +D] mm, but not less than 1,5 mm. These equations apply to cylindrical shells and ends irrespective of whether they are designed by calculation as specified in 5.2 and 5.3 or by testing as specified in 5.4.
EN 1442:2006 (E) 15 5.6 Design of openings 5.6.1 All openings shall be located in
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