SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
(Main)Railway applications - Aerodynamics - Part 6: Requirements and test procedures for cross wind assessment
Railway applications - Aerodynamics - Part 6: Requirements and test procedures for cross wind assessment
This document gives guidelines for the cross wind assessment of railways.
This document is applicable to all passenger vehicles, locomotives and power cars (with a maximum train speed above 140 km/h up to 360 km/h) and freight wagons (with a maximum train speed above 80 km/h up to 160 km/h) and track gauges from 1 435 mm to 1 668 mm inclusive. For passenger vehicles, locomotives and power cars with a maximum train speed between 250 km/h and 360 km/h, a requirement to demonstrate the cross wind stability is imposed. This document is not applicable to light rail and urban rail vehicles.
Bahnanwendungen - Aerodynamik - Teil 6: Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren zur Bewertung von Seitenwind
Applications ferroviaires - Aérodynamique - Partie 6 : Exigences et procédures d'essai pour l'évaluation de la stabilité vis-à-vis des vents traversiers
Železniške naprave - Aerodinamika - 6. del: Zahteve in preskusni postopki za oceno vpliva bočnega vetra
Ta dokument podaja smernice za načrtovanje vpliva bočnega vetra na železnice.
Ta dokument se uporablja za vsa potniška vozila, lokomotive in pogonske vagone (z največjo hitrostjo vlaka od 140 km/h do 360 km/h) in tovorne vagone (z največjo hitrostjo vlaka od 80 km/h do 160 km/h) ter za tirne širine od 1435 mm do vključno s 1668 mm. Za potniška vozila, lokomotive in pogonske vagone z največjo hitrostjo med 250 km/h in 360 km/h je določena zahteva, da se dokaže stabilnost pri bočnem vetru. Ta standard se ne uporablja za lahka železniška vozila in mestna železniška vozila.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
01-september-2022
Železniške naprave - Aerodinamika - 6. del: Zahteve in preskusni postopki za
oceno vpliva bočnega vetra
Railway applications - Aerodynamics - Part 6: Requirements and test procedures for
cross wind assessment
Bahnanwendungen - Aerodynamik - Teil 6: Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren zur
Bewertung von Seitenwind
Applications ferroviaires - Aérodynamique - Partie 6 : Exigences et procédures d'essai
pour l'évaluation de la stabilité vis-à-vis des vents traversiers
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
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SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
EN 14067-6:2018+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 14067-6:2018
English Version
Railway applications - Aerodynamics - Part 6:
Requirements and test procedures for cross wind
assessment
Applications ferroviaires - Aérodynamique - Partie 6 : Bahnanwendungen - Aerodynamik - Teil 6:
Exigences et procédures d'essai pour l'évaluation de la Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren zur Bewertung von
stabilité vis-à-vis des vents traversiers Seitenwind
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 March 2018 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 6 June 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 6
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 9
5 Methods and requirements to assess cross wind stability of vehicles . 22
5.1 General . 22
5.2 Applicability of cross wind methodologies for rolling stock assessment purposes . 23
5.3 Determination of aerodynamic coefficients . 25
5.3.1 General . 25
5.3.2 Predictive formula . 25
5.3.3 Simulations by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) . 26
5.3.4 Reduced-scale wind tunnel measurements . 29
5.4 Determination of wheel unloading due to cross winds. 34
5.4.1 General . 34
5.4.2 Simple method . 34
5.4.3 Advanced quasi-static method . 37
5.4.4 Time-dependent MBS method using a Chinese hat wind scenario . 40
5.5 Presentation form of characteristic wind curves (CWCs) . 47
5.5.1 General . 47
5.5.2 CWC presentation form for passenger vehicles and locomotives . 48
5.5.3 CWC presentation form for freight wagons . 49
5.6 Requirements . 50
5.6.1 Requirements for passenger vehicles and locomotives running at
250 km/h ≤ v ≤ 360 km/h . 50
max
5.6.2 Requirements for passenger vehicles and locomotives running
140 km/h < v < 250 km/h . 53
max
5.6.3 Requirements for freight wagons . 53
6 Method to acquire the needed railway line data . 54
6.1 General . 54
6.2 Presentation form of railway line data . 54
6.2.1 General . 54
6.2.2 Plan profile . 54
6.2.3 Vertical profile . 55
6.2.4 Track design speed . 56
6.2.5 Walls . 57
6.2.6 Meteorological input data for line description . 57
6.2.7 Integrated line database . 58
6.2.8 Required minimum resolution/accuracy . 60
7 Methods to assess the wind exposure of a railway line . 60
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EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 (E)
8 Guidance for the analysis and assessment of the cross wind risk . 61
8.1 General . 61
8.2 Infrastructure with train speeds at or above 250 km/h . 61
8.3 Infrastructure with train speeds below 250 km/h. 61
9 Required documentation . 62
9.1 General . 62
9.2 Assessment of cross wind stability of passenger vehicles and locomotives . 62
9.3 Assessment of cross wind stability of freight vehicles . 62
9.4 Acquisition of railway line data . 62
Annex A (informative) Application of methods to assess cross wind stability of vehicles
within Europe . 63
Annex B (informative) Blockage correction. 67
B.1 Dynamic pressure method . 67
B.2 German method . 67
B.3 UK method . 67
B.4 Slotted walls . 68
Annex C (normative) Wind tunnel benchmark test data for standard ground configuration . 69
C.1 General . 69
C.2 ICE 3 leading vehicle wind tunnel model . 69
C.3 TGV Duplex power car wind tunnel model . 70
C.4 ETR 500 power car wind tunnel model . 71
Annex D (informative) Other ground configurations for wind tunnel testing . 73
D.1 Flat ground with gap (TSI HS RST) . 73
D.2 Double track ballast and rails (TSI HS RST) . 73
D.3 Standard embankment of 6 m height (TSI HS RST) . 74
D.4 Flat ground without gap (Finnish method) . 75
D.5 Double track ballast and rails (UK method) . 75
Annex E (informative) Wind tunnel benchmark test data for other ground configurations . 77
E.1 General . 77
E.2 ICE 3 leading vehicle wind tunnel model . 77
E.3 TGV Duplex power car wind tunnel model . 81
E.4 ETR 500 power car wind tunnel model . 86
Annex F (informative) Embankment overspeed effect . 90
Annex G (informative) Atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel testing . 91
G.1 General . 91
G.2 Benchmark tests . 91
G.3 Wind simulation . 92
G.3.1 Boundary layer profiles . 92
G.3.2 Turbulence intensities . 92
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SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 (E)
G.3.3 Turbulence integral length scale. 93
G.4 Model scale and blockage requirements . 93
G.5 Modelling accuracy . 93
G.6 Instrumentation requirements. 93
G.6.1 General . 93
G.6.2 Speed measurement . 93
G.6.3 Force and moment balance . 94
G.7 Data acquisition requirements . 94
G.7.1 General . 94
G.7.2 Time scale, sampling frequency and acquisition duration . 94
G.7.3 Measurement of temperature and atmospheric pressure . 95
G.8 Calculation of mean values . 95
G.9 Calculation of peak values . 95
G.10 Calculation of air density . 96
G.11 Calculation of the uncorrected rolling moment coefficient . 96
G.12 Determination of the lee rail roll moment coefficient. 97
G.13 Data interpolation . 97
Annex H (informative) Five mass model . 98
H.1 General . 98
H.2 Derivation of formulae . 100
H.3 Example calculations . 104
H.3.1 General . 104
H.3.2 Example vehicle 1 . 105
H.3.3 Example vehicle 2 . 108
Annex I (normative) Mathematical model for the Chinese hat . 113
I.1 Mathematical model for Chinese hat . 113
I.2 Example calculation for Chinese hat . 116
Annex J (informative) Stochastic wind model . 122
J.1 General . 122
J.2 Assumptions . 122
J.3 Application range . 122
J.4 General Approach . 122
J.4.1 General . 122
J.4.2 First step: wind tunnel tests (aerodynamic properties determination) . 123
J.4.3 Second step: calculation of turbulent wind speed . 123
J.4.4 Third step: evaluation of aerodynamic forces. 127
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EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 (E)
J.4.5 Fourth step: simulation of vehicle dynamics . 128
J.4.6 Fifth step: evaluation of characteristic wind speed . 128
Annex K (informative) Stability of passenger vehicles and locomotives against overturning
according to national guidelines . 130
K.1 General . 130
K.2 According to DB Guideline 80704 (Germany) . 130
K.3 According to Railway Group Standard GM/RT 2141 (Great Britain). 132
Annex L (informative) Information on methods to assess the wind exposure of a railway
line . 133
L.1 General . 133
L.2 Wind map approaches . 133
L.3 Transfer approaches . 134
Annex M (informative) Extended CWCs . 136
Bibliography . 139
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SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256
“Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 6 June 2022.
This document supersedes !EN 14067-6:2018".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
This European Standard is part of the series “Railway applications — Aerodynamics” which consists of
the following parts:
— Part 1: Symbols and units;
— Part 3: Aerodynamics in tunnels;
— Part 4: Requirements and test procedures for aerodynamics on open track;
— Part 5: Requirements and test procedures for aerodynamics in tunnels;
— Part 6: Requirements and test procedures for cross wind assessment.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 (E)
Introduction
Trains running on open track are exposed to cross winds. The cross wind safety of railway operations
depends on vehicle and infrastructure characteristics and operational conditions. Important
parameters are:
— aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle;
— vehicle dynamics (e.g. mass, suspension, bump stops);
— track gauge;
— line characteristics (radius and cant of the track, height of embankments and bridges, walls near the
track);
— wind exposure of the line;
— operating speed, mode of operation (non-tilting, tilting, running direction).
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SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This document gives guidelines for the cross wind assessment of railways.
This document is applicable to all passenger vehicles, locomotives and power cars (with a maximum
train speed above 140 km/h up to 360 km/h) and freight wagons (with a maximum train speed above
80 km/h up to 160 km/h) and track gauges from 1 435 mm to 1 668 mm inclusive. For passenger
vehicles, locomotives and power cars with a maximum train speed between 250 km/h and 360 km/h, a
requirement to demonstrate the cross wind stability is imposed. This document is not applicable to
light rail and urban rail vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14067-4, Railway applications – Aerodynamics – Part 4: Requirements and test procedures for
aerodynamics on open track
EN 14363, Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of
railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
EN 15663, Railway applications - Vehicle reference masses
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
bias
systematic error affecting an estimate
Note 1 to entry: In this document, it is expressed as the ratio of a coefficient obtained during benchmark wind
tunnel tests to the equivalent coefficient obtained during new wind tunnel tests.
3.2
coordinate system
system denoting the axis for forces, moments, dimensions and wind speeds as defined in Figure 1
Note 1 to entry: The coordinate system is shown in Figure 1.
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SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 (E)
a) View from side b) View from behind
c) View from top d) Speed vector diagram
Figure 1 — Coordinate system
Note 2 to entry: A positive β means that the apparent wind v is coming from the right hand side of the train.
a
3.3
lee rail
rail on the side of the track that is away from the direction from which the wind is blowing
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviations
Symbol Unit Significance Explanation or remark
2
A m Reference area
2 2
A m Reference normalization area 10 m
0
A* -
σ
Constant in formula for
u
- Normalized gust amplitude
A
- Rotation matrix from Bj to Bi
A
ij
a m Bogie semi-spacing
a N Wheel loads i = 1, 2: (front, back)
ij
j = 1, 2: (right, left)
a s/m Dispersion Dispersion determined by extreme
m
value analysis of wind tunnel data
2
2
a m/s Uncompensated lateral acceleration; also
q
v gH
tr cant
a −
equivalent to cant deficiency
q
Rb2
cA
2
a m/s Maximum value of uncompensated lateral
q-max
acceleration
B - Embankment blockage ratio The ratio of the height of the tallest
E
9
=
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SIST EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022
EN 14067-6:2018+A1:2022 (E)
Symbol Unit Significance Explanation or remark
model embankment to the free height
of the wind tunnel
B - Vehicle blockage ratio The ratio of the total model vehicle
V
reference area to the wind tunnel
free cross-sectional area
b -
Coefficient function of r
g
bA m 1/2 lateral contact spacing See 5.4.2.3
b m Minimum lateral contact spacing
A,min
b m y position of right secondary suspension
1
spring
b m y position of left secondary suspension
2
spring
C - Coherence function for the resulting wind
speed
C - Coherence function for a wind angle of
90
90°
C - Function of roughness length in definition
(z0)
of longitudinal integral length scale
CWC Characteristic wind curve
CWC m/s Evaluation of the stochastic CWC wind
i
speed
c m/s Speed of sound
- Force coefficient based on A
0 2 ⋅ F
i
, i = x, y, z
c =
c
Fi
2
Fi
ρ ⋅ vA
0
- Moment coefficient based on A and d
...
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