SIST EN ISO 1247-1:2023
(Main)Aluminium pigments for paints - Part 1: General aluminium pigments (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Aluminium pigments for paints - Part 1: General aluminium pigments (ISO 1247-1:2021)
This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for aluminium pigments suitable for use in paints including:
a) general, decorative and protective paints, and
b) special finishing paints.
Aluminium-Pigmente für Beschichtungsstoffe - Teil 1: Allgemeine Aluminium-Pigmente (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen und die entsprechenden Prüfverfahren für Aluminiumpigmente fest, die zur Verwendung in pigmentierten Beschichtungsstoffen geeignet sind, einschließlich
a) allgemeine, dekorative und schützende pigmentierte Beschichtungsstoffe, und
b) spezielle pigmentierte Deckbeschichtungsstoffe.
Pigments d'aluminium pour peintures - Partie 1: Pigments d'aluminium à usage général (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Le présent document spécifie les exigences et les méthodes d’essai correspondantes pour les pigments d’aluminium utilisables dans les peintures, notamment:
a) les peintures protectrices, décoratives et à usage général; et
b) les peintures de finition particulières.
Aluminijevi pigmenti za barve - 1. del: Splošni aluminijevi pigmenti (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Ta dokument določa zahteve in ustrezne preskusne metode za aluminijeve pigmente, primerne za uporabo v barvah, vključno s:
a) splošnimi, dekorativnimi in zaščitnimi barvami ter
b) posebnimi pokrivnimi barvami.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2023
Aluminijevi pigmenti za barve - 1. del: Splošni aluminijevi pigmenti (ISO 1247-
1:2021)
Aluminium pigments for paints - Part 1: General aluminium pigments (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Aluminium-Pigmente für Beschichtungsstoffe - Teil 1: Allgemeine Aluminium-Pigmente
(ISO 1247-1:2021)
Pigments d'aluminium pour peintures - Partie 1: Pigments d'aluminium à usage général
(ISO 1247-1:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 1247-1:2023
ICS:
77.120.10 Aluminij in aluminijeve zlitine Aluminium and aluminium
alloys
87.060.10 Pigmenti in polnila Pigments and extenders
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 1247-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 87.060.10
English Version
Aluminium pigments for paints - Part 1: General
aluminium pigments (ISO 1247-1:2021)
Pigments d'aluminium pour peintures - Partie 1: Aluminium-Pigmente für Beschichtungsstoffe - Teil 1:
Pigments d'aluminium à usage général (ISO 1247- Allgemeine Aluminium-Pigmente (ISO 1247-1:2021)
1:2021)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2023.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 1247-1:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
The text of ISO 1247-1:2021 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 256 "Pigments,
dyestuffs and extenders” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken
over as EN ISO 1247-1:2023 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 298 “Pigments and extenders” the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2023, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 1247-1:2021 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 1247-1:2023 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 1247-1
First edition
2021-08
Aluminium pigments for paints —
Part 1:
General aluminium pigments
Pigments d'aluminium pour peintures —
Partie 1: Pigments d'aluminium généraux
Reference number
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
©
ISO 2021
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Description . 2
5 Classification . 2
6 Requirements and test methods . 2
7 Sampling . 3
8 Determination of non-volatile-matter content . 3
8.1 Apparatus . 3
8.2 Procedure . 4
8.2.1 Number of determinations. 4
8.2.2 Test portion . 4
8.2.3 Determination . 4
8.3 Expression of results . 4
9 Determination of matter soluble in organic solvents . 5
10 Comparison of appearance . 7
10.1 Test portion . 7
10.2 Assessment . 7
11 Determination of residue on sieve . 7
11.1 Reagent . 7
11.2 Apparatus . 7
11.3 Procedure . 8
11.3.1 Test portion . 8
11.3.2 Determination . 8
11.4 Expression of results . 8
12 Determination of water-covering capacity . 8
12.1 Principle . 8
12.2 Reagents. 9
12.3 Apparatus . 9
12.4 Pre-treatment of sample .10
12.5 Preparation of trough .10
12.6 Procedure .10
12.6.1 Test portion .10
12.6.2 Determination .11
12.7 Expression of results .11
12.8 Precision .12
12.8.1 Repeatability .12
12.8.2 Reproducibility .12
13 Determination of leafing power .12
13.1 Reagents.12
13.2 Apparatus .12
13.3 Procedure .13
13.3.1 Test portion .13
13.3.2 Determination .13
13.4 Expression of results .14
13.5 Precision .15
13.5.1 Repeatability .15
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
13.5.2 Reproducibility .15
14 Determination of water content .15
14.1 General .15
14.2 Electrometric titration method.15
14.3 Visual titration method .15
14.4 Expression of results .15
15 Determination of lead (spectrophotometric method) .16
15.1 Reagents.16
15.2 Apparatus .16
15.3 Procedure .17
15.3.1 Test portion .17
15.3.2 Blank test .17
15.3.3 Determination .17
16 Determination of hiding power .17
16.1 Apparatus and materials .17
16.2 Procedure .18
17 Determination of metallic impurities with flame atomic absorption spectrometric
method .18
17.1 Determination range .18
17.2 Principle .18
17.3 Reagent .18
17.4 Apparatus .20
17.5 Procedure .20
17.5.1 Test portion .20
17.5.2 Blank experiment .20
17.5.3 Preparation of the test sample .20
17.5.4 Treatment of the different elements in the sample .21
17.5.5 Spectrometric measurement .21
17.5.6 Expression of results .22
18 Test report .22
Bibliography .23
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 256, Pigments, dyestuff and extenders.
This first edition of ISO 1247-1, together with ISO 1247-2, cancels and replaces ISO 1247:1974, which has
been technically revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 1247:1974/Amd 1:1982.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— an introduction has been added, giving the reasons for the division;
— Clause 3, Terms and definitions, has been added and the terms “non-volatile-matter” and “hiding
power” have been included;
— a distinction between surface-treated and surface-untreated aluminium pigments has been
introduced in Clause 4 and 5;
— former subclause 4.2, Classes, has been deleted;
— “matter volatile at 105 °C” has been substituted by “non-volatile-matter”;
— former Clause 6, Packing, has been deleted;
— Clause 7, Sampling, has been reduced to a reference to ISO 15528;
— the requirements and test methods of “pigment specific surface area”, “particle size distribution”
and “hiding power” and the corresponding test methods have been added to Table 1 and Table 1 has
been renamed “Requirements and test methods”;
— the test method for “manganese” has been deleted from the metallic impurities in Table 1;
— the flame atomic absorption spectrometric method has been introduced to determine metal
impurities;
— former Clause 13, Test for absence of leafing power, has been deleted;
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
— Table 3, test portions, has been deleted;
— Clause 16, Determination of hiding power, has been added;
— the normative references have been updated and the text has been editorially revised.
A list of all parts in the ISO 1247 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
vi © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
Introduction
Since the beginning of the new millennium, with the progress in technology and product development,
there is a boom of new types of aluminium pigments which, serving as heat-resistant or rust-proof
coatings or as colorants, find their ways into applications in a wide range of industrial sectors.
Aluminium pigments can be conveniently divided into two groups according to their forms: general
aluminium pigments produced in a milling process and vacuum metallized aluminium pigments (VMP)
(see ISO 1247-2). As the technical requirements are different for aluminium pigments used in different
fields, it is necessary to develop an international standard for each of the two groups.
To meet the needs in the marketing of aluminium pigments, characteristics such as “particle size
distribution” and “hiding power”, as well as their corresponding testing methods, are introduced in this
document.
To improve the safety of the aluminium pigments, the organic solvents and auxiliary agents of low
flashpoints have been substituted by reagents with high flashpoints, the “matter volatile at 105 °C” has
been replaced by “non-volatile-matter”, for which testing methods are developed according to ISO 3251.
The previous edition (i.e. ISO 1247:1974) uses different spectrophotometric methods to determine the
content of lead, iron and copper, and the ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) titration method
to determine zinc. These methods are cumbersome to operate. The method used to determine lead
involves the use of potassium cyanate, a highly toxic agent seldom used since the 1990s, and the method
used to determine zinc is applicable only to samples with a total zinc content of 0,10 % or above, and
does not suit the status quo of the aluminium pigment industry. While these old methods are retained
in this document, the flame atomic absorption spectrometric method is introduced as a new option
for the determination of the above-mentioned metallic impurities. This method is faster, operation-
friendly, has a wider range of detection, and is gaining more and more popularity.
To use as little toxic reagent as possible, this document resorts to using 2-Butoxyethanol or n-butyl
acetate to replace acetone, which, as material likely to be used for making illegal drugs, is now forbidden
or restricted by many countries.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
Aluminium pigments for paints —
Part 1:
General aluminium pigments
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for aluminium pigments
suitable for use in paints including:
a) general, decorative and protective paints, and
b) special finishing paints.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 385, Laboratory glassware — Burettes
ISO 648, Laboratory glassware — Single-volume pipettes
ISO 793, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Determination of iron — Orthophenanthroline photometric
method
ISO 795, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Determination of copper content — Oxalyldihydrazide
photometric method
ISO 808, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Determination of silicon — Spectrophotometric method with
the reduced silicomolybdic complex
ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware — One-mark volumetric flasks
ISO 1784, Aluminium alloys — Determination of zinc — EDTA titrimetric method
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 9277, Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption — BET method
ISO 13320, Particle size analysis — Laser diffraction methods
ISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes — Sampling
ISO 18451-1, Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders — Terminology — Part 1: General terms
ISO 18451-2, Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders — Terminology — Part 2: Classification of colouring
materials according to colouristic and chemical aspects
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 18451-1, ISO 18451-2 and the
following apply.
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
non-volatile matter
NV
residue by mass obtained by evaporation under specified conditions
Note 1 to entry: Instead of the term “non-volatile matter” different terms, such as solid, dry residue, dry matter,
solid matter, stoving residue are being used commonly with the respective abbreviations. The term “non-volatile
matter” which is also applied in ISO 3251 should be used together with the abbreviation “NV” instead of these
terms.
[SOURCE: ISO 4618:2014, 2.176]
3.2
hiding power
ability of a pigmented medium to hide the colour or the colour differences of a substrate
[SOURCE: ISO 18314-2:2015, 2.1.6]
4 Description
Aluminium pigments are composed of finely divided aluminium metal. The particles of aluminium metal
are lamellar in shape when examined microscopically. It is typically divided by the predominant flake
shape into “cornflake” (flakes with predominantly ragged and uneven flake shape) and “silverdollar”
(flakes with predominantly round and smooth surface).
The material may be in the form of a powder or a paste and have leafing or non-leafing characteristics
and the surface of the aluminium flakes may be untreated or treated by technical processing.
Mica and other adulterants shall be absent. If, in solution of the sample in hydrochloric acid as described
in 15.3.3, a non-fatty residue is obtained, the residue shall be examined.
5 Classification
This document covers four types of general aluminium pigments, as follows:
— Type 1: aluminium powder, leafing, surface untreated or treated;
— Type 2: aluminium paste, leafing, surface untreated or treated;
— Type 3: aluminium powder, non-leafing, surface untreated or treated;
— Type 4: aluminium paste, non-leafing, surface untreated or treated.
NOTE Untreated refers to milled aluminium pigments with necessary milling agents. Treated refers to
the involvement of an additional process to modify the aluminium surface in order to protect the pigments, for
example encapsulation
6 Requirements and test methods
The material shall have the characteristics given in the appropriate column of Table 1.
The liquid contained in paste pigment shall be agreed between the interested parties.
2 © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
Table 1 — Requirements and test methods
Requirement according to type
Characteristic Test method
Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4
Non-volatile matter,
min. 99,0 min. 25,0 min. 99,0 min. 25,0 Clause 8
% mass fraction
Matter soluble in
9.1 (Type 1 and Type 2)
organic solvents,
max. 6,0 max. 4,0 max. 1,5 max. 6,0 and 9.2 (Type 3 and
b Type 4)
% mass fraction
Comparison of To match closely the appearance of paint prepared similarly
Clause 10
appearance from an agreed sample
a
Residue on sieve To be agreed between the interested parties Clause 11
Pigment specific
surface area,
To be agreed between the interested parties ISO 9277
m /g
Water-covering
To be agreed between the
capacity,
– – Clause 12
interested parties
m /g
Leafing power,
a
min. 65 min. 65 – – Clause 13
%
Water content,
max. 0,2 max. 0,15 max. 0,2 max. 0,15 Clause 14
c
% mass fraction
b
For lead : Clause 15,
Clause 17,
max. 1,0 for
b
For iron : Clause 17,
Cu + Fe + Pb + Si + Zn
ISO 793
Metallic impurities,
max. 0,03 for Pb
To be agreed between the
b
For copper : Clause 17,
% mass fraction on
interested parties
Separate limits for met-
ISO 795
dry pigment
als other than lead may be
b
For silicon : ISO 808
agreed between the interest-
ed parties b
For zinc : Clause 17,
ISO 1784
Hiding power,
To be agreed between the interested parties Clause 16
g/m
Particle size
distribution
To be agreed between the interested parties ISO 13320
(instrumental
method)
a
Aluminium pigments surface-treated are not included.
b
These methods are recommended for reference purposes, but other methods may be used by agreement between the
interested parties.
7 Sampling
Take a representative sample of the product to be tested according to ISO 15528.
8 Determination of non-volatile-matter content
8.1 Apparatus
8.1.1 Weighing bottle, squat form, wide-mouthed, with ground glass stopper.
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
8.1.2 Air oven, designed to carry out the test in safe conditions, and capable of being controlled at
the specified or agreed temperature ±2 °C (for temperatures up to 150 °C) or ±3,5 °C (for temperatures
above 150 °C and up to 200 °C). The air oven shall be fitted with forced-ventilation equipment, except for
phenolic resins when an oven with natural convection with a perforated metal shelf placed at one-third
of the height of the oven may be used.
8.1.3 Balance, accurate to 1 mg or better.
8.1.4 Desiccator, containing an efficient desiccant.
8.2 Procedure
8.2.1 Number of determinations
Carry out the determination in duplicate.
8.2.2 Test portion
Heat the weighing bottle (8.1.1), with the stopper removed, in the oven (8.1.2) at 105 °C for 2 h. Allow to
cool in the desiccator (8.1.4), insert the stopper and weigh to the nearest 1 mg.
Spread 5 g to 10 g of the sample in a uniform layer on the bottom of the weighing bottle, insert the
stopper and weigh to the nearest 1 mg.
It may be necessary to reduce the mass of the test portion for pigments and extenders with a high bulk
volume. The use of a test portion smaller than that specified shall be stated in the test report.
8.2.3 Determination
Heat the weighing bottle and contents, with the stopper removed, in the oven at (140 ± 2) °C or agreed
temperature for a minimum of 2 h. Allow to cool in the desiccator, insert the stopper and weigh to the
nearest 1 mg. Repeat the heating for at least 30 min, allow to cool in the desiccator, insert the stopper
and again weigh to the nearest 1 mg. Repeat this procedure until two successive weighings differ by no
more than 5 mg. Record the lower mass.
If the results of the two determinations differ by more than 10 % of the higher value, repeat the whole
procedure (see 8.2).
If the material under test is unstable at 140 °C, the test conditions shall be agreed between the interested
parties and shall be stated in the test report.
8.3 Expression of results
Calculate the non-volatile-matter content, w , expressed as a mass fraction, in per cent, using
Formula (1):
mm−
w = × 100 (1)
mm−
where
m is the mass, in grams, of the empty weighing bottle;
m is the mass, in grams, of the dish with the test portion;
m is the mass, in grams, of the weighing bottle with the residue.
4 © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
If the two results (duplicates) differ by more than 2 % to the mean (absolute), repeat the procedure
described in 8.2.
Calculate the mean of two valid results (replicates) and report the test result to the nearest 0,1 % mass
fraction.
9 Determination of matter soluble in organic solvents
9.1 Method 1 (for use with leafing pigments, Type 1 and Type 2)
9.1.1 Principle
The sample is treated with hydrochloric acid to dissolve the metal, and the residual oily and fatty
matter is extracted with 2-Butoxyethanol or n-butyl acetate, dried and weighed.
9.1.2 Reagents
All reagents shall be of recognized analytical quality. Distilled water or water of equivalent purity shall
be used in the test.
1)
9.1.2.1 Hydrochloric acid (HCl), CAS-No 7647-01-0 , approximately 6 mol/l solution.
9.1.2.2 2-Butoxyethanol (C H O ), CAS-No 111-76-2, or n-butyl acetate (C H O ), CAS-No 123-
6 14 2 6 12 2
86-4.
9.1.3 Procedure
9.1.3.1 Test portion
Weigh, to the nearest 1 mg, about 2 g of the material into a 400 ml beaker.
9.1.3.2 Determination
Add 100 ml of hot water to the test portion and cover the beaker, for example with a watch-glass. Add
the hydrochloric acid (9.1.2.1) in small portions, heating gently to complete the reaction after each
addition until all the metal is dissolved. The maximum amount of hydrochloric acid should not exceed
60 ml.
Cool the beaker and contents to room temperature and filter the contents through an acid-washed,
grease-free filter paper. Wash the beaker, the cover and the filter paper thoroughly with cold water.
Allow the paper to drain and dry completely in the filter funnel, heating gently, if necessary, to a
temperature not exceeding 50 °C. Remove as much water as possible from the beaker by shaking it.
Place a weighed 100 ml beaker under the funnel. Wash the original beaker and the cover with warm
2-Butoxyethanol or n-butyl acetate (9.1.2.2) and transfer the washings to the filter paper. Wash the
paper at least five times with warm 2-Butoxyethanol or n-butyl acetate, filling it about half full each
time. Finally rinse the tip of the funnel. Gently warm the beaker and its contents on a water bath without
using a free flame, until the 2-Butoxyethanol or n-butyl acetate has been evaporated as completely as
possible. Continue the evaporation by heating the beaker at a temperature of (105 ± 2) °C for 1 h, then
cool and weigh.
1) CAS-No — Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
9.1.4 Expression of results
Calculate the matter soluble in organic solvents, w , expressed as a percentage mass fraction, using
Formula (2):
m
w =×100 (2)
m
where
m
is the mass, in grams, of the test portion;
m
is the mass, in grams, of the residue.
9.2 Method 2 (for use with non-leafing pigments, Type 3 and Type 4)
9.2.1 Principle
The sample is dispersed in solvent and the solvent-extractable matter is filtered off, dried and weighed.
9.2.2 Reagents
9.2.2.1 Solvent mixture, obtained by mixing 3 parts by volume of toluene, CAS-No 108-88-3, with
1 part of diethyl ether, CAS-No 60-29-7, ρ = 0,720 g/ml.
9.2.2.2 Light petroleum spirit, boiling range 40 °C to 60 °C, CAS-No 64742-49-0.
9.2.3 Apparatus
9.2.3.1 Sintered glass filter crucible, of porosity grade P 16 (pore size index 10 µm to 16 µm).
9.2.4 Procedure
9.2.4.1 Test portion
Weigh, to the nearest 1 mg, about 2 g of the material into 250 ml beaker and disperse it in 20 ml of the
solvent mixture (9.2.2.1), with frequent intermittent swirling of the contents of the beaker.
9.2.4.2 Determination
When complete dispersion has been obtained, add a further 10 ml of the solvent mixture, thoroughly
agitate by swirling the beaker and then allow to stand for 1 h for the metallic flakes to settle.
Decant the supernatant liquid into the sintered glass filter crucible (9.2.3.1) and filter by suction into a
clean flask.
When all the liquid has been filtered, add a further 30 ml of the solvent mixture to the residue in the
beaker and repeat the swirling so as to redisperse the aluminium pigment. Filter the dispersion through
the sintered glass filter crucible, washing the beaker with the light petroleum spirit (9.2.2.2).
Transfer the filtrate from the flask to a 250 ml beaker and evaporate to minimum bulk (about 50 ml).
Transfer the concentrated filtrate to a weighed 100 ml beaker and wash the 250 ml beaker with the
light petroleum, transferring the washings into the 100 ml beaker. Evaporate the contents of the 100 ml
beaker just to dryness, heat in an oven at a temperature of (105 ± 2) °C for 1 h, then cool and weigh.
6 © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
9.2.5 Expression of results
Calculate the matter soluble in organic solvents, w , expressed as a percentage mass fraction, using
Formula (3):
m
w =×100 (3)
m
where
m is the mass, in grams, of the test portion;
m is the mass, in grams, of the residue.
10 Comparison of appearance
10.1 Test portion
Weigh an amount of sample agreed between the interested parties.
10.2 Assessment
Disperse the test portion in a paint vehicle to be agreed between the interested parties in the agreed
proportions, by appropriate mixing without grinding. Store for a period to be agreed between the
interested parties, for example 24 h, at a temperature also to be agreed, for choice 20 °C, in a covered
container. After this period remove any surface skin, mix well by shaking or stirring or both, and apply
a coat of the mixture by a suitable method to a smooth, clean, non-absorbent panel, allowing thorough
drying in a clean atmosphere. Treat the agreed sample in a similar way on the same day. When dry,
compare visually the two panels thus prepared for colour, opacity, finish and brightness.
For leafing pigments, the vehicle shall have an acid value less than 7,5 mg of KOH per gram and shall not
contain lead driers.
The optical characterization of n.l. aluminium pigments is recommended to be carried out in full shade
and colour reduction spray applied in an application method or alternatively with a draw down. A
subsequent colorimetry according to ISO/CIE 11664-4 in multiple angles is recommended.
11 Determination of residue on sieve
11.1 Reagent
11.1.1 Mineral solvent, to be agreed between the interested parties.
11.1.2 2-Butoxyethanol (C H O ), CAS-No 111-76-2, or n-butyl acetate (C H O ), CAS-No 123-86-
6 14 2 6 12 2
4.
11.2 Apparatus
11.2.1 Containers, three, of suitable size to accommodate the sieve.
11.2.2 Beaker, 400 ml.
11.2.3 Test sieve of nominal aperture 180 µm (for pastes) or 250 µm (for powders) (see 11.3.1.).
ISO 1247-1:2021(E)
11.2.4 Sintered glass filter, of porosity gr
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