SIST EN 1591-1:2014
(Main)Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation
Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation
This European Standard defines a calculation method for bolted, gasketed, circular flange joints. Its purpose is to ensure structural integrity and control of leak tightness. It uses gasket parameters based on definitions and test methods specified in EN 13555.
The calculation method is not applicable to joints with a metallic contact out of the sealing face or to joints whose rigidity varies appreciably across gasket width. For gaskets in incompressible materials, which permit large deformations, the results given by the calculation method can be excessively conservative (i.e. required bolting load too high, allowable pressure of the fluid too low, required flange thickness too large, etc.).
Flansche und Flanschverbindungen - Regeln für die Auslegung von Flanschverbindungen mit runden Flanschen und Dichtung - Teil 1: Berechnung
Diese Europäische Norm legt eine Berechnungsmethode für Flanschverbindungen mit runden Flanschen, Schrauben und Dichtung fest. Sie hat den Zweck, die Festigkeit der Konstruktion sicherzustellen und die Dichtigkeit zu kontrollieren. Dafür werden Dichtungskennwerte angewendet, die auf Definitionen und Prüf-verfahren nach EN 13555 beruhen.
Die Berechnungsmethode ist nicht anwendbar auf Flanschverbindungen mit einem metallischen Dichtflächen-kontakt und auf Flanschverbindungen, deren Steifigkeit über die Dichtungsbreite stark schwankt. Bei Dichtungen in unelastischen Werkstoffen, die starke Verformungen zulassen, können die Ergebnisse nach dieser Berechnungsmethode übermäßig konservativ sein (d. h. erforderliche Schraubenkraft zu hoch, zulässiger Mediendruck zu gering, erforderliche Flanschdicke zu groß usw.).
Brides et leurs assemblages - Règles de calcul des assemblages à brides circulaires avec joint - Partie 1: Méthode de calcul
La présente Norme européenne définit une méthode de calcul des assemblages à brides circulaires boulonnés avec joint. Son objectif est d'en assurer l'intégrité structurale et la maîtrise de l'étanchéité. Elle utilise des paramètres de joints basés sur les définitions et les modes opératoires d'essais spécifiés dans l'EN 13555.
La méthode de calcul ne s'applique pas aux assemblages à contact métallique en dehors de la face d'étanchéité ni aux assemblages dont la rigidité varie de façon notable sur la largeur du joint. En ce qui concerne les joints en matériau incompressible qui présentent des déformations importantes, les résultats fournis par la méthode de calcul peuvent être excessivement conservateurs (c'est-à-dire effort de boulonnage requis trop élevé, pression admissible de fluide trop faible, épaisseur de bride nécessaire trop importante, etc.).
Prirobnice in prirobnični spoji - Pravila za konstruiranje prirobničnih spojev, sestavljenih iz okroglih prirobnic in tesnil - 1. del: Izračun
General Information
- Status
- Withdrawn
- Public Enquiry End Date
- 19-Jun-2012
- Publication Date
- 12-Jan-2014
- Withdrawal Date
- 13-Nov-2024
- Technical Committee
- TLP - Pressure vessels
- Current Stage
- 9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 07-Nov-2024
- Due Date
- 30-Nov-2024
- Completion Date
- 14-Nov-2024
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2024
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 1591-1:2014 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation". This standard covers: This European Standard defines a calculation method for bolted, gasketed, circular flange joints. Its purpose is to ensure structural integrity and control of leak tightness. It uses gasket parameters based on definitions and test methods specified in EN 13555. The calculation method is not applicable to joints with a metallic contact out of the sealing face or to joints whose rigidity varies appreciably across gasket width. For gaskets in incompressible materials, which permit large deformations, the results given by the calculation method can be excessively conservative (i.e. required bolting load too high, allowable pressure of the fluid too low, required flange thickness too large, etc.).
This European Standard defines a calculation method for bolted, gasketed, circular flange joints. Its purpose is to ensure structural integrity and control of leak tightness. It uses gasket parameters based on definitions and test methods specified in EN 13555. The calculation method is not applicable to joints with a metallic contact out of the sealing face or to joints whose rigidity varies appreciably across gasket width. For gaskets in incompressible materials, which permit large deformations, the results given by the calculation method can be excessively conservative (i.e. required bolting load too high, allowable pressure of the fluid too low, required flange thickness too large, etc.).
SIST EN 1591-1:2014 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 23.040.60 - Flanges, couplings and joints. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 1591-1:2014 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 1591-1:2002+A1:2009/AC:2011, SIST EN 1591-1:2002+A1:2009, SIST EN 1591-1:2024. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST EN 1591-1:2014 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2014/68/EU, 97/23/EC, EUR-PUB; Standardization Mandates: M/071. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Flansche und Flanschverbindungen - Regeln für die Auslegung von Flanschverbindungen mit runden Flanschen und Dichtung - Teil 1: BerechnungBrides et leurs assemblages - Règles de calcul des assemblages à brides circulaires avec joint - Partie 1: Méthode de calculFlanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation23.040.60Prirobnice, oglavki in spojni elementiFlanges, couplings and jointsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1591-1:2013SIST EN 1591-1:2014en,fr,de01-februar-2014SIST EN 1591-1:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1591-1:2002+A1:2009/AC:2011SIST EN 1591-1:2002+A1:20091DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1591-1
December 2013 ICS 23.040.60 Supersedes EN 1591-1:2001+A1:2009English Version
Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation
Brides et leurs assemblages - Règles de calcul des assemblages à brides circulaires avec joint - Partie 1: Méthode de calcul
Flansche und ihre Verbindungen - Regeln für die Auslegung von Flanschverbindungen mit runden Flanschen - Teil 1: Berechnung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 October 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1591-1:2013 ESIST EN 1591-1:2014
Dimensions of standard metric bolts . 43 Annex B (informative)
Tightening . 44 B.1 Scatter of initial bolt load of a single bolt — Indicative values 01- and 01+ for a single bolt . 44 B.2 Scatter for the global load of all the bolts. 44 B.3 Manual uncontrolled tightening . 45 B.4 Assembly using torque wrench . 45 B.5 Assembly using bolt tensioner . 46 Annex C (informative)
Flange rotations . 48 C.1 General . 48 C.2 Use of flange rotation. 48 C.3 Calculation of flange rotations . 48 Annex D (informative)
Use of the calculation method . 50 D.1 Calculation method principle . 50 D.2 Mechanical model . 51 D.3 Required checks . 52 D.4 Calculation sequence. 52 Annex E (informative)
Gasket/flange face friction coefficients examples . 54 Annex F (normative)
Determination of ∆eGc,I based on a given PQR . 55 F.1 Determination of the deflection occurring during a PQR test . 55 F.2 Determination of the deflection to be taken into account in the calculation . 56 Annex G (informative)
Sealing gasket parameter when no leakage rate is specified . 57 Annex H (informative)
Alternative calculation procedure taking into account the plastic deformation of the gasket in subsequent load conditions procedures (after assembly) . 58 H.1 Introduction . 58 H.2 Calculation procedure. 58 H.2.1 General description . 58 H.2.2 No additional plastic deformation . 59 H.2.3 Additional plastic deformation . 59 H.3 Flat gaskets . 59 H.3.1 Flat gaskets with small or median deformations . 59 H.3.2 Flat gaskets with greater deformations . 61 H.4 Metal gaskets with curved surfaces (Figures 3b, c, e, f ) . 62 H.5 Metal gaskets with octagonal section (Figure 3d) . 62 Annex I (informative)
Available, incomplete models for conversion of the leakage rates in different conditions (based on certain flow models) . 63 I.1 Introduction and warning . 63 I.2 Flow theory fundamentals . 63 I.2.1 Transport modes . 63 I.2.2 Case of gases . 64 I.2.3 Case of liquids: Parallel capillary model. 65 I.3 Factors of influence on the leakage rate of gaskets and gasketed joints . 65 I.3.1 List of identified factors . 65 I.3.2 Limits and restriction of the proposed models . 65 I.3.3 Dependence on pressure . 66 I.3.4 Dependence on temperature . 67 SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC . 74 Bibliography . 75
(Annex G). This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. EN 1591 consists of several parts: EN 1591-1, Flanges and their joints — Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections — Part 1: Calculation EN 1591-2, Flanges and their joints — Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections — Part 2: Gasket parameters CEN/TS 1591-3, Flanges and their joints — Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections — Part 3: Calculation method for metal to metal contact type flanged joint EN 1591-4, Flanges and their joints — Part 4: Qualification of personnel competency in the assembly of the bolted connections of critical service pressurized systems SIST EN 1591-1:2014
The use of this calculation method is particularly useful for joints where the bolt load is monitored when bolting up. The greater the precision of this, the more benefit can be gained from application of the calculation method. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Figure 12 Type 05
Figure 11 Type 07
Figure 12 Type 11
Figure 6 Type 12
Figure 13 Type 13
Figure 14 Type 21
Figures 6 to 9
3.2 Subscripts and special marks 3.2.1 Subscripts A – Additional (FA, MA) B – Bolt SIST EN 1591-1:2014
L – Loose flange, Lateral (FLI) M – Moment N – Nut P – Fluid pressure Q – Net axial force due to pressure R – Net axial force due to external force S – Shell, shear
T – Shell, modified TG – Torsion (MTG) X – Flange weakest cross section W – Washer ∆ – Symbol for change or difference av – average c – calculated d – design
e – effective i – Interim value max – maximum min – minimum nom – nominal opt – optimal req – required SIST EN 1591-1:2014
3.3 Symbols Where units are applicable, they are shown in brackets. Where units are not applicable, no indication is given.
AB Effective total cross-section area of all bolts [mm2], Formula (41) AF, AL Gross radial cross-section area (including bolt holes) of flange ring, loose flange [mm2], Formulae (10), (13) and (16) AGe, AGt Gasket area, effective, theoretical [mm2], Formulae (56), (53) AQ Effective area for the axial fluid-pressure force [mm2], Formula (90) EB, EF, EL EW Modulus of elasticity of the part designated by the subscript, at the temperature of the part [MPa] EG, Modulus of elasticity of the gasket for unloading/reloading at the considered temperature, considering the initial compressed thickness [MPa]
FA Additional external axial force [N], tensile force > 0, compressive force < 0, see Figure 1, Formulae (92) and (96) FB Bolt force (sum of all bolts) [N] FG Gasket force [N] FG∆,
Minimum gasket force in assembly condition [N] that guarantees, after all load changes, to subsequent conditions the required gasket force, Formulae (105), (106)
FL Force resulting from the additional radial forces [N], Formula (93) and (104) FQ Axial fluid-pressure force [N], Formula (91) FR Force resulting from the additional external loads [N], Formula (96) FX, FY, FZ Additional forces along X, Y and Z-axis at gasket interface [N], Formulae (92) and (93) I Load condition identifier, for assembly condition I = 0, for subsequent conditions I = 1, 2, 3,. MA Resulting external bending moment [N × mm], Figure 1, Formula (94) and (104) Mt Bolt assembly torque [N × mm], Formula (B.4) SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Temperature (average) of the part designated by the subscript [°C] or [K], Formula (97) TO Temperature of joint at assembly [°C] or [K] (usually + 20 °C), Formula (97)
UT Axial displacement due to thermal effect xmm]; ∆rT according to Formula (97)
WF, WL, WX Resistance of the part and/or cross-section designated by the subscript [N × mm], Formulae (130), (146), (150), (148) XB, XG, Xw Axial flexibility modulus of bolts, gasket, washer [1/ mm], Formulae (42), (63), (43), (49), (50) YB,YG, YQ, YR Axial compliance of the bolted joint, related to FB, FG, FQ, FR [mm/N], Formulae
(99), (100), (101), (102) ZF, ZL Rotational flexibility modulus of flange, loose flange [mm -3], Formulae (34), (38), (35), (39), (40) b0 Width of chamfer (or radius) of a loose flange such that: d7min = d6+2×b0 [mm], Figure 12, Formula (85) SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Contact widths bolt side [mm], Formula (48) bW Width of a washer [mm], Formula (44) cA, cB, cF, cM, cS Correction factors [-],Formulae
(123) to (127), (28), (134), (135) d0 Inside diameter of flange ring [mm] and also the outside diameter of central part of blank flange (with thickness e0), in no case greater than inside diameter of gasket [mm], Figures 6 to 14 d1 Average diameter of hub, thin end [mm], Figures 6, 7, 13 and 14 d2 Average diameter of hub, thick end [mm], Figures 6, 7, 13 and 14 d3, d3e Bolt circle diameter, real, effective [mm], Figures 6 to 14, Formula (6)
d4 Outside diameter of flange [mm], Figures 6 to 14 d5, d5t, d5e Diameter of bolt hole, pierced, blind, effective [mm], Figures 6 to 14, Formulae (4), (5)
d6 Inside diameter of loose flange [mm], Figures 12, 14 d7 Diameter of position of reaction between loose flange and stub or collar [mm], Figure 1, Formulae
(61) and (84) to (89). d8 Outside diameter of collar [mm], Figure 12 d9 Diameter of a central hole in a blank flange [mm], Figure 11 dB0, dBe, dBs Diameter of bolt: nominal diameter, effective diameter, shank diameter [mm], Figure 3, Table A.1 dB2, dB3 Basic pitch diameter, basic minor diameter of thread [mm], see Figure 3 dB4 Maximum possible outside contact diameter between bolt head or nut and flange or washer [mm], Formula (47)
dGi,dGe, dGt Diameter of gasket, interim, effective, theoretical [mm], Figure 4, Formula (56), Table 1 dK1, dK2 Extreme contact diameters (inside, outside) [mm], Formulae (46) and (47) dG0, dG1, dG2 Real, theoretical inside, theoretical outside contact diameters [mm], Figure 4 dE, dF, dL dS, dX, dw Average diameter of part or section designated by the subscript [mm], Figures 1 and 6 to 14 dw1, dw2 Inside, Outside diameter of washer [mm], Figure 1, 2 e0 Wall thickness of central plate of blank flange within diameter d0 [mm], Figure 11 SIST EN 1591-1:2014
eP, eQ Part of flange thickness with (eP), without (eQ) radial pressure loading [mm], Figures 6 to 14, such that eP+eQ = eF eS Thickness of connected shell [mm], Figures 6 to 10, 12 to 14 eW Washer thickness [mm], Figure 1, 2 eX Flange thickness at weak section [mm], Figure 11 fB, fE, fF, fL, fS, fW Nominal design stress [MPa] of the part designated by the subscript, at design temperature [°C] or [K], as defined and used in pressure vessel codes (see Formulae (123), (127), (130) to (133), (140), (145), (146), (148), (150) and (151)) hG, hH, hL Lever arms [mm], Figure 1, Formulae (81) to (83) and (87) to (89) hP, hQ, hR, hS, hT
Lever arm corrections [mm], Formulae (77), (79) and (80), (31) and (37), (29), (30) jM, jS Sign number for moment, shear force (+1 or 1), Formulae (136) and (137) kQ, kR, kM, kS Correction factors, Formulae (32), (33), (138), (139) lB, ls Bolt axial dimensions [mm], Figure 2, Formulae (98) and (42) le le = lB - lS lH Length of hub [mm], Figures 6, 7, 13, 14, Formulae (17), (18) m tightness factor for subsequent conditions ( I>0 ) [-], (Annex G) nB Number of bolts, Formulae (3), (6), (41), (42) pB Pitch between bolts [mm], Formula (3) pt Pitch of bolt thread [mm], Table A.1 SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Load ratio of flange ring due to radial force, Formula (140) Z Formula (130), Table 2 B, F, G, L, X,
Load ratio of part and/or cross-section designated by the subscript, to be calculated for all load conditions, Formulae (123), (129), (145), (151), (128), (149), (147)
.B, .F, .G, .L, .W Thermal expansion coefficient of the part designated by the subscript, averaged between T0 and TB, TF, TG, TL, TS, TW [K-1], Formula (97) , , /, , , , x Intermediate variables, Formulae (19), (25) to (27), (62), (132), (133) 01+, 01- Scatter of initial bolt load of a single bolt, above nominal value, below nominal value, Annex B 0+, 0– Scatter for the global load of all the bolts above nominal value, below nominal value, Annex B µ Friction factor for bolting, see Annex B µG Friction factor between the gasket and the flange facing, Table (E.1) and Formula (104) π Numerical constant (π = 3,141593) ρ Diameter ratio as given in Formula (36) 3G Angle of inclination of a sealing face [rad or deg], Figure 4, Table 1 3S Angle of inclination of connected shell wall [rad or deg], Figures 8, 9 SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Figure 1 — Loads and lever arms
Figure 2 — Washer or spacer
sBelll−= Figure 3 — Bolts SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Figure 4 — Gaskets
Key 1 male flange (tongue) 2 female flange (groove) 3 gasket Figure 5 — Details for tongue and groove facing SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Key 1 shell 2 hub 3 ring Figure 6 — Weld-neck flanges with cylindrical shells (example 1)
Key 1 shell 2 hub 3 ring Figure 7 — Weld-neck flanges with cylindrical shells (example 2) SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Key 1 shell 2 ring Figure 8 — Flanges welded to conical shells
Key 1 shell 2 ring Figure 9 — Flanges welded to spherical shells SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Key 1 shell 2 ring Figure 10 — Weld-on plate flange
Key 1 plate 2 ring Figure 11 — Blank flange SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Key 1 shell 2 collar 3 loose flange Figure 12 — Loose flanges with collar
Figure 13 — Hubbed slip-on welded flange SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Figure 14 — Hubbed threaded flange
4 Requirements for use of the calculation method 4.1 General Where permitted, the calculation method is an alternative to design validation by other means, e.g.: special testing; proven practice; use of standard flanges within permitted conditions. The calculation method can also be used to assess the behaviour and admissibility of a bolted flange connection for a specified initial bolt force (see Clause 5). 4.2 Geometry The calculation method is applicable to the configurations having: a) flanges whose section is given or may be assimilated to those given in Figure 6 to Figure 14; b) four or more identical bolts uniformly distributed; c) gasket whose section and configuration after loading can be assimilated by one of those given in Figure 4 and Figure 5; d) flange dimension which meet the following conditions: 1) ;0,5/2,0;0,5/2,0LLFF≤≤≤≤ebeb 2) )01,01/(1cosssed+≥ϕ. SIST EN 1591-1:2014
5 Checking the assembly for a specified initial tightening bolt force (or torque) The details of calculation method as the calculation process are detailed in Annex D. SIST EN 1591-1:2014
Then the calculation shall be performed in the usual way from Formula (55) to Formula (110). From the required initial bolt force calculated in Formula (110) two cases shall be considered: If the value FG0req given by Formula (110) is higher than the initial value FG0 given by Formula (1), the value of FB0,specified is not sufficient to insure the tightness criteria. So the value of FB0, specified shall be increased to meet the tightness criteria. The calculation procedure from Formula (55) to Formula (110) shall be applied again. If the value FG0req given by Formula (110) is lower than the initial value FG0 given by Formula (1), the value of FB0,specified is sufficient to insure the tightness criteria and therefore the calculation can be continued using the value of FG0 calculated by Formula (1) as the gasket force in assembly condition (I=0). In that case, the initial bolt force at assembly can be very much greater than the required one, and the Formula (119) shall be replaced by Formula (2), taking into account the lower bound of the applied initial bolt force at assembly phase. {}R0B0maxRR0B0mindG0)/101()3/2(;maxFFNFFF−×−×−= (2) 6 Calculation parameters 6.1 General The parameters defined in this clause are effective dimensions, areas and stiffness parameters. 6.2 Flange parameters 6.2.1 General The formulae given in 6.2 shall be used for each of the two flanges and whe
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La norme SIST EN 1591-1:2014 est une référence importante dans le domaine des raccords de flasques et de leurs joints. Elle définit une méthode de calcul pour les joints de flasques circulaires boulonnés et garnis, visant à garantir l'intégrité structurelle ainsi que le contrôle de l'étanchéité. Cette norme s'appuie sur des paramètres de joint basés sur les définitions et les méthodes d'essai spécifiées dans la norme EN 13555, ce qui renforce sa pertinence et sa solidité. L'un des points forts de cette norme est son approche rigoureuse pour assurer des connexions de flans fiables. Les méthodes de calcul proposées permettent aux ingénieurs et aux concepteurs d'évaluer avec précision les charges boulonnées nécessaires, la pression admissible du fluide et l'épaisseur de flasque requise. Toutefois, il est essentiel de noter que la méthode de calcul ne s'applique pas aux joints avec contact métallique en dehors de la face de scellement ou à ceux dont la rigidité varie considérablement sur la largeur du joint. De plus, pour les joints utilisant des garnitures en matériaux incompressibles, qui permettent de grandes déformations, la méthode peut conduire à des résultats trop conservateurs, entraînant potentiellement des charges de boulonnage excessives ou des épaisseurs de flasque trop importantes. C'est un aspect crucial à considérer lors de l'application de la norme, car il peut influencer la conception et la mise en œuvre des joints de flasques. En résumé, la norme SIST EN 1591-1:2014 joue un rôle primordial dans le domaine des flasques et de leurs joints, en fournissant des directives claires et bien définies pour le calcul des connexions. Sa capacité à garantir l'intégrité des structures et à contrôler les fuites en fait un outil essentiel pour les professionnels de cette industrie.
SIST EN 1591-1:2014 문서는 나사 조임 구조의 강도와 누수 방지를 보장하기 위한 디자인 규칙을 제정한 유럽 표준으로, 주로 가스켓이 있는 원형 플랜지 연결의 계산 방법을 정의하고 있습니다. 이 표준은 올바른 설계를 위한 중요한 기준으로, 플랜지 조인트의 구조적 무결성과 누수 방지 센서스를 포함한 다양한 요소를 고려합니다. 표준의 강점은 EN 13555에서 정의된 가스켓 매개변수를 사용하여 기초적인 계산 방법을 제시함으로써, 플랜지 조인트의 성능을 입증할 수 있도록 돕는다는 점입니다. 이는 특히 산업 분야에서 플랜지 및 조인트를 설계하고자 하는 엔지니어와 설계자들에게 매우 유용한 정보입니다. 또한, 이 표준은 제품의 안전성과 신뢰성을 확보하는 데 기여하므로, 플랜지와 관련된 모든 설계에서 고려해야 할 핵심 요소로 자리잡고 있습니다. 하지만 이 표준은 금속 접촉이 봉인면에서 벗어난 조인트나 가스켓 너비에 따라 강성이 현저히 변동하는 조인트에는 적용되지 않으므로, 특정 상황에서는 한계가 존재합니다. 예를 들어, 비압축성 재료로 된 가스켓의 경우 큰 변형을 허용하는 특성 때문에 계산 방법이 지나치게 보수적으로 작용할 수 있습니다. 이는 필요한 볼트 하중이 너무 높게 설정되거나, 유체의 허용 압력이 지나치게 낮게 책정되는 등의 결과를 초래할 수 있습니다. 따라서 SIST EN 1591-1:2014는 플랜지 연결에 관한 계산 방법을 제시하는 동시에, 그 적용 범위와 한계를 명확히 함으로써, 사용자가 설계를 보다 정확하게 진행할 수 있도록 도와주는 중요한 표준입니다. 이 표준은 플랜지와 조인트 설계의 핵심 배경 지식으로 작용하며, 이후의 추가 연구나 기준 개발에도 필수적인 참조 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것입니다.
The SIST EN 1591-1:2014 standard provides a comprehensive framework for the design and calculation of bolted, gasketed, circular flange joints, ensuring structural integrity and leak tightness in various applications. Its primary strength lies in the methodical calculation approach it offers, which is grounded in the use of gasket parameters defined by test methods specified in EN 13555. This ensures that the standard reflects a high level of reliability and accuracy in real-world applications, promoting safety and efficiency in industry practices. The scope of the standard is well-defined, focusing on specific types of flange connections while explicitly excluding joints with a metallic contact that falls outside the sealing face and those with significant variability in rigidity across the gasket width. This specificity enhances its applicability, ensuring that users understand the constraints and are guided appropriately in selecting the right method for their flange connections. Furthermore, the document addresses the performance of gaskets made from incompressible materials that can undergo large deformations, acknowledging that the calculation method may yield conservative values in such cases. This aspect is crucial for engineers and designers as it allows them to anticipate potential overestimations in necessary bolting loads, allowable pressure of fluids, and flange thickness requirements. By recognizing these limitations, users can make more informed decisions, optimizing their designs for better efficiency while maintaining the integrity of the flange connections. Overall, SIST EN 1591-1:2014 is highly relevant in modern engineering contexts, serving as an authoritative reference for ensuring the reliability and safety of gasketed circular flange connections in various industrial applications. Its detailed approach and recognition of material behavior provide a solid foundation for professionals tasked with achieving optimal performance in their flange design and calculation processes.
SIST EN 1591-1:2014は、ボルト締め、ガスケット付きの円形フランジ接続に関する設計ルールを定義した欧州規格です。この標準は、接続部の構造的完全性と漏れの防止を確保するための計算方法を示しています。この標準の強みは、EN 13555で指定された定義や試験方法に基づいたガスケットパラメータを使用している点です。これにより、フランジ接続における安全性と信頼性が向上します。 標準の適用範囲は、金属接触がシーリング面から外れる接続やガスケット幅にわたって剛性が大きく変化する接続には適用されません。さらに、圧縮不可能な材料で作られたガスケットの場合、大きな変形を許容するため、計算方法によって得られる結果が過度に保守的になる可能性があります。具体的には、必要なボルト荷重が高すぎる、流体の許容圧力が低すぎる、必要なフランジ厚さが大きすぎるといった問題が生じる可能性があります。 この標準は、特にフランジとその接続に関して構造計算を必要とするエンジニアや設計者にとって非常に重要であり、多くの業界での応用が期待されます。SIST EN 1591-1:2014は、フランジ接続の設計とその安全性を高めるための評価基準を提供し、技術者が信頼性の高い製品を設計するための基盤を形成しています。ガスケットとフランジ接続において安全性と効率性を求める企業にとって、非常に関連性の高い標準といえるでしょう。
Die Norm SIST EN 1591-1:2014 bietet umfassende Richtlinien für die Berechnung von flanschartigen, geflanschten, zirkulären Verbindungen, die mit Dichtungen ausgestattet sind. Der Schwerpunkt dieser europäischen Norm liegt auf der Gewährleistung der strukturellen Integrität und der Kontrolle der Dichtigkeit von Flanschverbindungen. Durch die Definition einer klaren Berechnungsmethode wird sichergestellt, dass Ingenieure und Techniker auf einheitliche Standards zurückgreifen können, um potenzielle Leckagen zu vermeiden und die Sicherheit in verschiedenen industriellen Anwendungen zu erhöhen. Ein bedeutender Vorteil der Norm besteht in der Verwendung von Dichtungsparametern, die auf den Vorgaben und Prüfmethoden der EN 13555 basieren. Dieser Bezug schafft Vertrauen in die Anwendbarkeit und Genauigkeit der Berechnungen, die für die Entwicklung und Prüfung von Dichtungen und Flanschverbindungen von entscheidender Bedeutung sind. Die Norm berücksichtigt die spezifischen Anforderungen an die Berechnung von Flanschverbindungen und stellt sicher, dass die Dichtheit auch unter verschiedenen Betriebsbedingungen gewährleistet ist. Auf der anderen Seite ist zu beachten, dass die Berechnungsmethode nicht für Verbindungen mit metallischem Kontakt außerhalb der Dichtflächen oder für Verbindungen, deren Steifigkeit über die Breite der Dichtung erheblich variiert, anwendbar ist. Zudem kann bei Dichtungen aus inkompressiblen Materialien, die große Deformationen erlauben, das Ergebnis der Berechnungsmethode in einigen Fällen als übermäßig konservativ angesehen werden. Dies könnte zu einem unnötig hohen Anziehdruck, einer zu niedrigen zulässigen Fluiddruckgrenze oder einer überdimensionierten Flanschdicke führen. Trotz dieser Einschränkungen bleibt die SIST EN 1591-1:2014 eine essentielle Norm, die relevante Grundlagen für die Konstruktion und Analyse von Dichtverbindungen bietet. In einer Zeit, in der die Sicherheit und Effizienz industrieller Systeme von größter Bedeutung sind, stellt die Anwendung dieser Norm ein wertvolles Werkzeug dar, um die Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit von Flanschverbindungen sicherzustellen.
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