Metallic industrial piping - Part 8: Additionnal requirements for aluminium and aluminium alloy piping

This Part of EN 13480 specifies requirements for industrial piping systems made of aluminium and aluminium alloys in addition to the general requirements for industrial piping according to the series of standards EN 13480 and CEN/TR 13480-7.

Metallische industrielle Rohrleitungen - Teil 8: Zusatzanforderungen an Rohrleitungen aus Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen

Dieser Teil der EN 13480 legt Anforderungen für industrielle Rohrleitungen aus Aluminium und Aluminium-legierungen fest, zusätzlich zu den allgemeinen Anforderungen an industrielle Rohrleitungen nach der Normenreihe EN 13480 und CEN/TR 13480-7.

Tuyauteries industrielles métalliques - Partie 8: Exigences complémentaires relatives aux tuyauteries en aluminium et alliages d'aluminium

Cette partie de l'EN 13480 spécifie les exigences relatives aux systèmes de tuyauteries industrielles réalisés
en aluminium et en alliages d’aluminium et vient compléter les exigences générales relatives aux tuyauteries
industrielles de la série de normes EN 13480 et CEN/TR 13480-7.

Kovinski industrijski cevovodi - 8. del: Dodatne zahteve za cevovode iz aluminija in aluminijevih zlitin - Dopolnilo A1

Ta del tega evropskega standarda poleg splošnih zahtev za industrijske cevovode v skladu s serijo standardov EN 13480:2012 in standardom CEN/TR 13480-7:2002 določa zahteve za industrijske cevne sisteme iz aluminija ali aluminijevih zlitin.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Public Enquiry End Date
31-May-2012
Publication Date
08-Jun-2014
Withdrawal Date
13-Dec-2017
Technical Committee
Current Stage
9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
Start Date
07-Dec-2017
Due Date
30-Dec-2017
Completion Date
14-Dec-2017

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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
01-julij-2014
Kovinski industrijski cevovodi - 8. del: Dodatne zahteve za cevovode iz aluminija
in aluminijevih zlitin - Dopolnilo A1
Metallic industrial piping - Part 8: Additionnal requirements for aluminium and aluminium
alloy piping
Metallische industrielle Rohrleitungen - Teil 8: Zusatzanforderungen an Rohrleitungen
aus Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen
Tuyauteries industrielles métalliques - Partie 8: Exigences complémentaires relatives aux
tuyauteries en aluminium et alliages d'aluminium
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
ICS:
77.140.75 Jeklene cevi in cevni profili Steel pipes and tubes for
za posebne namene specific use
77.150.10 Aluminijski izdelki Aluminium products
SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13480-8:2012/A1

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2014
ICS 23.040.01
English Version
Metallic industrial piping - Part 8: Additional requirements for
aluminium and aluminium alloy piping
Tuyauteries industrielles métalliques - Partie 8: Exigences Metallische industrielle Rohrleitungen - Teil 8:
complémentaires relatives aux tuyauteries en aluminium et Zusatzanforderungen an Rohrleitungen aus Aluminium und
alliages d'aluminium Aluminumlegierungen
This amendment A1 modifies the European Standard EN 13480-8:2012; it was approved by CEN on 11 January 2014.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for inclusion of this
amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such
national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This amendment exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .4
1 Modification to Foreword .5
2 Modification to Clause 1 .5
3 Modification to Clause 2 .5
4 Modification to Clause 3 .7
5 Modification to Clause 4 .7
6 Modification to 5.1 and 5.2 .7
7 Modification to 5.3 .8
8 Modification to 5.4 .8
9 Modification to 5.6 .8
10 Modification to 5.7 .9
11 Modification to 5.8 .9
12 Modification to 5.11 .9
13 Modification to 6.2 .9
14 Modification to 6.3 .9
15 Modification to 6.4 . 10
16 Modification to 6.5 . 10
17 Modification to 6.8 . 11
18 Modification to 6.9 . 12
19 Modification to 7.1 . 12
20 Modification to 7.2 . 12
21 Modification to 7.3.1 . 12
22 Modification to 7.3.2 . 13
23 Modification to 7.4 . 13
24 Modification to 7.5.1 . 13
25 Modification to 7.5.2 . 13
26 Modification to 7.5.3.1 . 13
27 Modification to 7.5.3.2 . 13
28 Modification to 7.5.3.3 . 14
29 Modification to 7.5.4 . 14
30 Modification to 7.6.1 . 15
31 Modification to 7.6.2 . 15
32 Modification to 7.6.4 . 15
2

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
33 Modification to 7.6.5 . 15
34 Modification to 7.6.6 . 16
35 Modification to 8.1 . 16
36 Modification to 8.2.1 . 16
37 Modification to 8.2.2 . 16
38 Modification to 8.2.3 . 16
39 Modification to 8.3 . 17
40 Modification to 8.4.1 . 17
41 Modification to 8.4.2 . 17
42 Modification to 8.4.3 . 18
43 Modification to 8.5 . 18
44 Modification to 8.6 . 19
45 Modification to 9.1 . 20
46 Modification to 9.3 . 20
47 Modification to Annex A . 21
48 Modification to Clause B.1. 21
49 Modification to Clause B.3. 21
50 Modification to B.5.1.1 . 22
51 Modification to B.5.1.2 . 22
52 Modification to B.5.1.3 . 22
53 Modification to B.5.2 . 22
54 Modification to Table B.1 . 22
55 Modification to Annex C . 24
56 Modification to Clause Y.1 . 31
57 Modification to Annex ZA . 31
58 Modification to Bibliography . 33

3

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 267
“Industrial piping and pipelines”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This Amendment to the European Standard EN 13480-8:2012 shall be given the status of a national standard,
either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2014, and conflicting
national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2014.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
This document includes the text of the amendment itself. The amended/corrected pages of EN 13480-8:2012
will be published in July 2014 as Issue 3 of the European Standard.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

4

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
1 Modification to Foreword
th
The first sentence of the 9 paragraph of the Foreword shall read as follows:
The contact to submit queries can be found at http://www.unm.fr (en13480@unm.fr)
2 Modification to Clause 1
Replace the existing Clause 1 with the following:
This Part of EN 13480 specifies requirements for industrial piping systems made of aluminium and aluminium
alloys in addition to the general requirements for industrial piping according to the series of standards
EN 13480 and CEN/TR 13480-7.
3 Modification to Clause 2
Replace the existing Clause 2 with the following:
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 485-2:2013, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Sheet, strip and plate — Part 2: Mechanical properties
EN 485-3, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Sheet, strip and plate — Part 3: Tolerances on dimensions and
form for hot-rolled products
EN 485-4, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Sheet, strip and plate — Part 4: Tolerances on shape and
dimensions for cold-rolled products
EN 571-1:1997, Non-destructive testing — Penetrant testing — Part 1: General principles
EN 573-3:2009, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition and form of wrought products —
Part 3: Chemical composition and form of products
EN 583-1:1998, Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic examination — Part 1: General principles
EN 583-2:2001, Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic examination — Part 2: Sensitivity and range setting
EN 583-3:1997, Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic examination — Part 3: Transmission technique
EN 583-4:2002, Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic examination — Part 4: Examination for discontinuities
perpendicular to the surface
EN 583-5:2000, Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic examination — Part 5: Characterization and sizing of
discontinuities
EN 583-6:2008, Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic examination — Part 6: Time-of-flight diffraction
technique as a method for detection and sizing of discontinuities
EN 586-2:1994, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Forgings — Part 2: Mechanical properties and additional
property requirements
5

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
EN 754 (all parts), Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Cold drawn rod/bar and tube
EN 755 (all parts), Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles
EN 764-3, Pressure equipment — Part 3: Definition of parties involved
EN 1321:1996, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Macroscopic and microscopic examination
of welds
EN 1435:1997, Non-destructive examination of welds — Radiographic examination of welded joints
EN 1779:1999, Non-destructive testing — Leak testing — Criteria for method and technique selection
EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents
EN 10246-9:2000, Non-destructive testing of steel tubes — Part 9: Automatic ultrasonic testing of the weld
seam of submerged arc-welded steel tubes for the detection of longitudinal and/or transverse imperfections
EN 10246-16:2000, Non-destructive testing of steel tubes — Part 16: Automatic ultrasonic testing of the area
adjacent to the weld seam of welded steel tubes for the detection of laminar imperfections
EN 12392:2000, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Wrought products — Special requirements for products
intended for the production of pressure equipment
EN 13445-4:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 4: Fabrication
EN 13480-1:2012, Metallic industrial piping — Part 1: General
EN 13480-2:2012, Metallic industrial piping — Part 2: Materials
EN 13480-3:2012, Metallic industrial piping — Part 3: Design and calculation
EN 13480-4:2012, Metallic industrial piping — Part 4: Fabrication and installation
EN 13480-5:2012, Metallic industrial piping — Part 5: Inspection and testing
EN ISO 148-1:2010, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-
1:2009)
EN ISO 3834-2:2005, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 2: Comprehensive
quality requirements (ISO 3834-2:2005)
EN ISO 3834-3:2005, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 3: Standard quality
requirements (ISO 3834-3:2005)
EN ISO 4063:2010, Welding and allied processes — Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers (ISO
4063:2009, Corrected version 2010-03-01)
EN ISO 4136:2011, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Transverse tensile test
(ISO 4136:2001)
EN ISO 5173:2010, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Bend tests (ISO 5173:2009)
EN ISO 6892-1:2009, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1:2009)
6

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
EN ISO 6892-2:2011, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 2: Method of test at elevated temperature
(ISO 6892-2:2011)
EN ISO 7438:2005, Metallic materials — Bend test (ISO 7438:2005)
EN ISO 9606-2:2004, Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding — Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium
alloys (ISO 9606-2:2004)
EN ISO 10042:2005, Welding — Arc-welded joints in aluminium and its alloys — Quality levels for
imperfections (ISO 10042:2005)
EN ISO 11666:2010, Non-destructive testing of welds — Ultrasonic testing — Acceptance levels
(ISO 11666:2010)
EN ISO 15614-2:2005, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding
procedure test — Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys (ISO 15614-2:2005)
EN ISO 17637:2011, Non-destructive testing of welds — Visual testing of fusion-welded joints
(ISO 17637:2003)
EN ISO 17640:2010, Non-destructive testing of welds — Ultrasonic testing — Techniques, testing levels, and
assessment (ISO 17640:2010)
EN ISO 23277:2009, Non-destructive testing of welds — Penetrant testing of welds — Acceptance levels
(ISO 23277:2006)
CEN ISO/TR 15608:2005, Welding — Guidelines for a metallic materials grouping system
(ISO/TR 15608:2005)
ISO 857-1:1998, Welding and allied processes — Vocabulary — Part 1: Metal welding processes
4 Modification to Clause 3
Replace the existing Clause 3 with the following:
For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions, symbols and units of EN 13480-1:2012,
EN 13480-2:2012, EN 13480-3:2012, EN 13480-4:2012 and EN 13480-5:2012 apply.
5 Modification to Clause 4
Replace the existing Clause 4 with the following:
The general requirements of EN 13480-1 shall apply.
6 Modification to 5.1 and 5.2
Add the following to the beginning of 5.1:
Materials for pressure-bearing parts compliant with the requirements of this European Standard shall be
accompanied by inspection documents in accordance with EN 10204:2004.
The type of inspection document should be in accordance with EN 764-5:2002 and include a declaration of
compliance to the material specification.
The revised sub-clause 5.2 shall read as follows:
7

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
Annex A of EN 13480-2:2012 is not applicable for aluminium and aluminium alloys. The allowable materials
for industrial piping of aluminium and aluminium alloys shall be according to Table 5.2-1.
Any product form available in the EN standards referenced in Annex C for a material and temper listed in
Table 5.2-1 is acceptable for construction to this European Standard. Other materials not defined here may be
used by agreement (see EN 13480-2:2012, 4.3) if they meet the requirements of 5.2 and 5.3 of this standard
and a Particular Material Appraisal is produced (see EN 764-4:2002).
The revised heading of Table 5.2-1 shall read as follows:
Table 5.2-1 — Grouping system based on CEN ISO/TR 15608:2005 and EN AW numbers according to
EN 573-3:2009
7 Modification to 5.3
Both equations L = 5,65 S in sub-clause 5.3 shall be referenced respectively (5.3-1) and (5.3-2).
o o
8 Modification to 5.4
The revised sub-clause 5.4 shall read as follows:
The chemical composition shall be in accordance with the material specification.
NOTE EN 12392:2000, 5.1.3 recommends a maximum hydrogen level of 0,2 ml per 100 g aluminium,
measured in the liquid metal during casting for parts to be welded. EN 12392:2000, 4.1, recommends a
maximum lead content not exceeding 150 μg/g.
9 Modification to 5.6
The revised sub-clause 5.6 shall read as follows:
NOTE 1 See also EN 13480-2:2012, 4.2.2.
nd
EN 13480-2:2012, 4.2.2.1, 2 paragraph is not applicable for aluminium and aluminium alloys.
Nominal design stress values are given in Table C.1, Table C.2, Table C.3 and Table C.4. Design
temperatures that exceed the respective temperature limit in Annex C are not permitted.
For materials of group 22.4 temperatures above 80 °C may result in grain boundary precipitation of Al -Mg .
3 2
These materials may be used at temperatures above 80 °C up to 200 °C only for non-corrosive service.
NOTE 2 For further material properties see EN 12392:2000.
For welded parts and heat treated parts after forming only the values equivalent to the O temper shall be used
for design when 6 000 series flanges, etc. are welded. Nominal design stresses are given in C.6. The weld
area shall be based on the O temper but the flange strength away from the weld (2t) may be based on the
actual temper (T4 or T6).
For aluminium and aluminium alloys values of 0,2 % proof strength (or 1 % proof strength for material group
21-1 000 series aluminium) for temperatures above 20 °C shall be established by linear interpolation between
two adjacent values in the tables in Annex C.
8

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
For material of group 22.4: For short periods, higher temperatures are permitted (e.g. when defrosting
refrigerating plant) up to 150 °C are permissible provided that the pressure is reduced to half the working
pressure for a period up to 8 h and to atmospheric pressure for a period up to 24 h.
10 Modification to 5.7
The revised sub-clause 5.7 shall read as follows:
EN 13480-2:2012, Annex B is not applicable. All materials of Table 5.2-1 are suitable for any minimum metal temperature
without impact testing.
NOTE See also EN 1252-1 and EN 12392:2000, 8.4.
11 Modification to 5.8
The first paragraph in sub-clause 5.8 shall read as follows:
Threads of bolts and studs shall be rolled. Regarding prevention of brittle fracture for materials of fasteners 5.7 applies.
12 Modification to 5.11
The revised sub-clause 5.11 shall read as follows:
The requirements of EN 13480-2:2012, 4.3.5 shall apply.
13 Modification to 6.2
The revised Table 6.2-2 shall read as follows:
Table 6.2-2 — Allowable design strength values for 6 000 series aluminium alloys
in the welded condition (see 5.6)
Material designation Value of f for design temperature (°C)
not exceeding
a a
50 75 100 125 150 175
EN AW 6060 40 40 40 38 - -
EN AW 6061 55 55 55 54 51 43
NOTE Data are derived from EN 13445-8:2009.
a

For maximum design temperature see 5.6. Values for 125 °C (EN AW 6060) and
175 °C (EN AW 6061) shall be used for interpolation only.
14 Modification to 6.3
The revised sub-clause 6.3 shall read as follows:
In general, straight pipes shall be designed in accordance with EN 13480-3:2012, 6.1.
For D /D > 1,2, Formula (6.3-1) may be used. In this case pipes shall be seamless or tested in accordance
0 i
with 8.4.3 and 8.6 for z = 1,0 and the maximum allowable pressure p shall be determined as follows:
a
9

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
 
D 
2 1
0
 
p = xR x ln x (6.3-1)
 
a p0,2,t
 
D 1,5
 3 
 i
 
shall be used instead of R .
For material group 21 R
p1,0,t p0,2,t
15 Modification to 6.4
The revised sub-clause 6.4 shall read as follows:
The standard method for calculation of bends and elbows for aluminium and aluminium alloys shall be the
method described in EN 13480-3:2012, B.4.1.3.
NOTE 1 This clause should not be understood as to prohibit the other methods given in EN 13480-3, but to reflect the
actual situation at the bend manufacturers.
NOTE 2 Also see 6.2.3 and EN 13480-3:2012, Formula B.4.1-11.
16 Modification to 6.5
The first paragraph in sub-clause 6.5 shall read as follows:
EN 13480-3:2012, 6.3 may be used for the design of mitre bends for aluminium and aluminium alloys.
The second paragraph in sub-clause 6.5 shall read as follows:
Alternatively the method described in Formulae (6.5-1) to (6.5-4) may also be used for multiple mitre bends for
aluminium and aluminium alloys according to Figure 6.5-1 with a maximum angle Θ of 22,5°. The pressure
limit given in EN 13480-3:2012, 6.3.1 is not applicable for this method.
The NOTE 1 in sub-clause 6.5 shall read as follows:
NOTE 1 Current experiences are available up to pressures of 63 bar for time independent design stresses, however this
does not prohibit the calculation of mitre bends to the given formula for use of higher pressures, but shows the reference
pressure for which mitre bends made of aluminium and aluminium alloys and designed to the rules are in safe operation.
The revised Table 6.5-1 shall read as follows:
Table 6.5-1 — Special symbols for subclause 6.5
Symbol Description Unit
2
σ Equivalent stress intensity MPa (N/mm )
v
a 2
pa Maximum allowable pressure MPa (N/mm )
d mm
Design inside diameter
iv
a a
See footnote in EN 13480-3:2012, Table 3.2-1.
Formulae (6.5-1) to (6.5-4) and Figure 6.5-1 shall read as follows:
 B ⋅d 
i iv
  (6.5-1)
σ = pa⋅ + 0,5 ≤ f
v
 
2⋅e⋅ z
 
shall be met with regard to internal pressure loading, where with the smaller value of
10

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
 
0,8⋅ (d +e)⋅e
d +e
iv
iv
 
r = + (6.5-2)
1
 
2 tanΘ
 
b
r 2= (6.5-3)
2⋅tanΘ
the value B is found as follows
i
r− 0,25⋅d
iv
B = (6.5-4)
i
r− 0,5⋅(d +e)
iv

Figure 6.5-1 — Mitre bend
17 Modification to 6.8
Add a new sub-clause 6.8 as follows:
6.8 Port-hole extruded tubes
Port-hole-extruded tubes in accordance with EN 755 series may be used up to and including DN 25, provided
that a joint efficiency of 0,7 is applied. When these tubes are subject to a combined pressure-leak-test for the
entire length the joint efficiency may be set to a factor of 1. If this test is carried out
— by the tube manufacturer, the test pressure shall be
e
n
(6.8-1)
P = ⋅ 0,95⋅R
T px
D
e
— by the piping manufacturer, the test pressure shall be
(6.8-2)
P = 1,43⋅PS
T
The combined pressure-leak test for achieving a joint efficiency factor of 1 is to be carried out before
integration in the piping system either using helium or a gas mixture containing helium, depending on the
application. It does not replace the pressure test as specified in 9.1 and 9.2.
11

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SIST EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014
EN 13480-8:2012/A1:2014 (E)
18 Modification to 6.9
Add a new sub-clause 6.9 as follows:
6.9 Alternative methods
Design by Analysis (DBA) according to EN 13445-3:2009 may be applied, using the method based on stress
categories only.
19 Modification to 7.1
The first sentence in sub-clause 7.1 shall read a
...

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