SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
(Main)Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles - Part 3: Safety requirements
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles - Part 3: Safety requirements
This part of IEC 62660 specifies test procedures and acceptance criteria for safety performance of secondary lithium-ion cells and cell blocks used for propulsion of electric vehicles (EV) including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV).
This document intends to determine the basic safety performance of cells used in a battery pack and system under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse or incident, during the normal operation of the EV. The safety requirements of the cell in this document are based on the premise that the cells are properly used in a battery pack and system within the limits for voltage, current and temperature as specified by the cell manufacturer (cell operating region).
The evaluation of the safety of cells during transport and storage is not covered by this document.
NOTE 1 The safety performance requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems are defined in ISO 6469-1. The specifications and safety requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems of electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles are defined in ISO 18243. IEC 62619 covers the safety requirements for the lithium-ion cells and batteries for industrial application including, e.g. forklift truck, golf cart, and automated guided vehicle.
NOTE 2 Information on the cell operating region is provided in Annex A.
Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärzellen für den Antrieb von Elektrostraßenfahrzeugen - Teil 3: Sicherheitsanforderungen
Eléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers électriques - Partie 3: Exigences de sécurité
IEC 62660-3:2022 est disponible sous forme de IEC 62660-3:2022 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.
L'IEC 62660-3:2022 spécifie les procédures d'essai et les critères d'acceptation en matière de performance de sécurité des éléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion et des blocs d'éléments utilisés pour la propulsion des véhicules électriques (VE), y compris les véhicules électriques à batterie (VEB) et les véhicules électriques hybrides (VEH). Le présent document a pour objet de déterminer les performances de sécurité de base des éléments utilisés dans un groupe et système de batteries dans les conditions d'utilisation prévue et les mauvaises utilisations ou incidents raisonnablement prévisibles, pendant le fonctionnement normal du VE. Dans le présent document, les exigences de sécurité de l'élément s'appuient sur l'hypothèse selon laquelle les éléments sont correctement utilisés dans un groupe et système de batteries dans les limites de tension, de courant et de température spécifiées par le fabricant de l'élément (plage de fonctionnement de l'élément).
Sekundarni litij-ionski členi za pogon električnih cestnih vozil - 3. del: Varnostne zahteve
Ta del standarda IEC 62660 določa preskusne postopke in merila sprejemljivosti za varnostne lastnosti sekundarnih litij-ionskih členov in blokov členov, ki se uporabljajo za pogon električnih vozil (EV), vključno z električnimi akumulatorskimi vozili (BEV) ali hibridnimi električnimi vozili (HEV).
Ta dokument je namenjen za določanje osnovnih varnostnih lastnosti členov v akumulatorju in sistemu v skladu s predvideno uporabo ter pričakovano nepravilno uporabo ali incidentom pri običajnem delovanju električnih vozil. Varnostne zahteve za člen v tem dokumentu temeljijo na predpostavki, da se členi pravilno uporabljajo v akumulatorju ter sistemu znotraj napetostnih, tokovnih in temperaturnih omejitev, ki jih določi proizvajalec členov (območje delovanja členov).
Ta dokument ne vključuje ocene varnosti za člene med prevozom in skladiščenjem.
OPOMBA 1: Varnostne zahteve glede zmogljivosti litij-ionskih akumulatorjev in sistemov so opredeljene v standardu ISO 6469-1. Specifikacije in varnostne zahteve za litij-ionske akumulatorje ter sisteme električno gnanih mopedov in motornih koles so opredeljene v standardu ISO 18243. IEC 62619 zajema varnostne zahteve za litij-ionske člene in akumulatorje za industrijsko uporabo, vključno z viličarji, vozički za golf in avtomatsko vodenimi vozili.
OPOMBA 2: Informacije o območju delovanja členov so podane v dodatku A.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
01-junij-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 62660-3:2017
Sekundarni litij-ionski členi za pogon električnih cestnih vozil - 3. del: Varnostne
zahteve
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles - Part 3: Safety
requirements
Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärzellen für den Antrieb von Elektrostraßenfahrzeugen - Teil 3:
Sicherheitsanforderungen
Eléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers
électriques - Partie 3: Exigences de sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62660-3:2022
ICS:
29.220.20 Kislinski sekundarni členi in Acid secondary cells and
baterije batteries
43.120 Električna cestna vozila Electric road vehicles
SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
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SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62660-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2022
ICS 29.220.20; 43.120 Supersedes EN 62660-3:2016 and all of its amendments
and corrigenda (if any)
English Version
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road
vehicles - Part 3: Safety requirements
(IEC 62660-3:2022)
Eléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärzellen für den Antrieb von
des véhicules routiers électriques - Partie 3: Exigences de Elektrostraßenfahrzeugen - Teil 3:
sécurité Sicherheitsanforderungen
(IEC 62660-3:2022) (IEC 62660-3:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2022-04-05. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62660-3:2022 E
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SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
EN IEC 62660-3:2022 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 21/1133/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62660-3, prepared by IEC/TC 21
"Secondary cells and batteries" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN IEC 62660-3:2022.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2023-01-05
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2025-04-05
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 62660-3:2016 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62660-3:2022 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 61434 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61434
IEC 62133-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62133-2
IEC 62660-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 62660-1
ISO 18243 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 18243
2
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SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
EN IEC 62660-3:2022 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1 2
IEC 62619 — Secondary cells and batteries containing EN IEC 62619 —
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Safety requirements for secondary lithium
cells and batteries, for use in industrial
applications
IEC 62660-2 2018 Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion EN IEC 62660-2 2019
of electric road vehicles - Part 2: Reliability
and abuse testing
ISO/TR 8713 - Electrically propelled road vehicles - - -
Vocabulary
1
Second edition under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: IEC FDIS 62619:2021.
2
Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: FprEN IEC 62619:2021.
3
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SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
IEC 62660-3
®
Edition 2.0 2022-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles –
Part 3: Safety requirements
Éléments d’accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers
électriques –
Partie 3: Exigences de sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.220.20; 43.120 ISBN 978-2-8322-1083-3
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
– 2 – IEC 62660-3:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Test conditions . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Measuring instruments . 9
4.2.1 Range of measuring devices . 9
4.2.2 Voltage measurement . 9
4.2.3 Current measurement . 9
4.2.4 Temperature measurements . 9
4.2.5 Other measurements . 10
4.3 Tolerance . 10
4.4 Thermal stabilization . 10
5 Electrical measurement . 10
5.1 General charge conditions . 10
5.2 Capacity . 11
5.3 SOC adjustment . 11
6 Safety tests . 11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Mechanical tests . 12
6.2.1 Mechanical shock . 12
6.2.2 Crush . 12
6.3 Thermal test . 13
6.3.1 High temperature endurance. 13
6.3.2 Temperature cycling . 13
6.4 Electrical tests . 14
6.4.1 External short-circuit . 14
6.4.2 Overcharge . 14
6.4.3 Forced discharge . 14
6.4.4 Internal short-circuit test . 15
Annex A (informative) Operating region of cells for safe use . 17
A.1 General . 17
A.2 Charging conditions for safe use . 17
A.2.1 General . 17
A.2.2 Consideration on charging voltage . 17
A.2.3 Consideration on temperature . 18
A.3 Example of operating region . 19
Annex B (informative) Explanation for the internal short-circuit test . 20
B.1 General concept . 20
B.2 Internal short-circuit caused by the particle contamination . 20
Annex C (normative) Alternative internal short-circuit test (6.4.4.2.2) . 22
C.1 General . 22
C.2 Test preparation and test set-up . 22
C.2.1 Preparation of cell before the test . 22
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SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
IEC 62660-3:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
C.2.2 Test setup . 24
C.2.3 Preliminary test . 25
C.3 Test procedure . 26
C.4 Acceptance criteria . 26
Bibliography . 27
Figure 1 – Example of temperature measurement of cell . 10
Figure 2 – Example of crush test . 13
Figure A.1 – An example of operating region for charging of typical lithium-ion cells . 19
Figure A.2 – An example of operating region for discharging of typical lithium-ion cells . 19
Figure C.1 – Example of case thinning . 22
Figure C.2 – Example of thinning tool . 23
Figure C.3 – Example of removing hard case . 23
Figure C.4 – Example of hard case removal method during cell manufacturing . 23
Figure C.5 – Example of fixation of cell . 24
Figure C.6 – Test setup image for voltage measurement . 24
Figure C.7 – Example of abrupt voltage drop . 25
Table B.1 – Examples of the internal short-circuit of cell . 20
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SECONDARY LITHIUM-ION CELLS FOR THE PROPULSION
OF ELECTRIC ROAD VEHICLES –
Part 3: Safety requirements
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62660-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 21: Secondary cells and batteries.
It is an International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2016. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) The new method for the internal short-circuit test has been added in 6.4.4.2.2 and Annex C,
as an alternative option to the test in 6.4.4.2.1.
b) The vibration test has been deleted.
c) The test conditions of overcharge (6.4.2.2) have been partially revised.
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SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
IEC 62660-3:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
21/1133/FDIS 21/1137/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62660 series, published under the general title Secondary lithium-ion
cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
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SECONDARY LITHIUM-ION CELLS FOR THE PROPULSION
OF ELECTRIC ROAD VEHICLES –
Part 3: Safety requirements
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62660 specifies test procedures and acceptance criteria for safety performance
of secondary lithium-ion cells and cell blocks used for propulsion of electric vehicles (EV)
including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV).
This document determines the basic safety performance of cells used in a battery pack and
system under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse or incident, during the normal
operation of the EV. The safety requirements of the cell in this document are based on the
premise that the cells are properly used in a battery pack and system within the limits for voltage,
current and temperature as specified by the cell manufacturer (cell operating region).
The evaluation of the safety of cells during transport and storage is not covered by this
document.
NOTE 1 The safety performance requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems are defined in ISO 6469‑1.
The specifications and safety requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems of electrically propelled mopeds
and motorcycles are defined in ISO 18243. IEC 62619 covers the safety requirements for the lithium-ion cells and
batteries for industrial applications, including, for example, forklift trucks, golf carts, and automated guided vehicles.
NOTE 2 Lithium cells, modules, battery packs, and battery systems are regulated by International Air Transport
Association (IATA) and International Maritime Organization (IMO) for air and sea transport, and, regionally, by other
authorities, mainly for land transport. Refer to IEC 62281 for additional information.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
1
IEC 62619:— , Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes
– Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in industrial applications
IEC 62660-2:2018, Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles –
Part 2: Reliability and abuse testing
ISO/TR 8713, Electrically propelled road vehicles – Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 8713 and the
following apply.
___________
1
Second edition under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: IEC FDIS 62619:2021.
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SIST EN IEC 62660-3:2022
IEC 62660-3:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
BEV
battery electric vehicle
electric vehicle with only a traction battery as power source for vehicle propulsion
3.2
cell block
group of cells connected together in parallel configuration with or without protective devices
(e.g. fuse or positive temperature coefficient resistor (PTC)) and not yet fitted with its final
housing, terminal arrangement or electronic control device
3.3
cylindrical cell
cell with a cylindrical shape in which the overall height is equal to or greater than the diameter
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-39]
3.4
explosion
failure that occurs when a cell container opens violently and its solid contents are forcibly
expelled
3.5
fire
emission of flames from a cell or cell block for more than 1 s
Note 1 to entry: Sparks and arcing are not considered as flames.
3.6
HEV
hybrid electric vehicle
vehicle with both a rechargeable energy storage system and a fuelled power source for
propulsion
3.7
internal short-circuit
unintentional electrical connection between the negative and positive electrodes inside a cell
3.8
leakage
visible escape of liquid electrolyte from a part, except for a vent, such as the case, sealing part,
and/or terminals of the cell
3.9
nominal voltage
suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-31, modified – Deletion of "a battery or an
electrochemical system" at the end of the definition.]
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3.10
pouch cell
cell having the shape of a parallelepiped whose faces are rectangular and with a prismatic
flexible laminate film case
3.11
prismatic cell
cell having the shape of a parallelepiped whose faces are rectangular and with a prismatic hard
case
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-38, modified − The word "cell" has been added to the
term, "qualifies a cell or a battery" has been replaced with "cell" in the definition, and "and with
a prismatic hard case housing" has been added.]
3.12
rated capacity
C
n
capacity value of a cell in ampere hours (Ah) determined under specified conditions and
declared by the cell manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: The subscript n in C is the time base in hours (h). In this document, n = 3 for BEV application and
n
n = 1 for HEV application unless otherwise specified.
Note 2 to entry: Term and definition based on IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-15.
3.13
reference test current
I
t
reference test current in amperes (A) which is expressed as
I = C / 1
t n
Note 1 to entry: 1 has a dimension of time in hours (h).
Note 2 to entry: See IEC 61434:1996, Clause 2.
3.14
rupture
mechanical failure of a container case of a cell induced by an internal or external cause,
resulting in exposure or spillage but not ejection of materials
3.15
secondary lithium-ion cell
secondary single cell whose electrical energy is derived from the insertion/extraction reactions
of lithium-ions between the negative electrode and the positive electrode
Note 1 to entry: A secondary cell is a manufactured unit providing a source of electrical energy by direct conversion
of chemical energy. The cell consists of electrodes, electrolyte, container, terminals and, if any, separators. The
electrode can be monopolar or bipolar; the current collector of the former has active material of single polarity and
the latter has positive and negative electrode active materials. The electrolyte includes an ionic conductive liquid or
solid, or a mixture of them. The cell is designed to be charged electrically.
Note 2 to entry: Where the term "cell" is used alone in this document, it refers to a secondary lithium-ion cell.
3.16
SOC
state of charge
quantity of electricity stored in a cell expressed as a percentage of rated capacity
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3.17
upper limit charging voltage
highest charging voltage in the cell operating region, which is specified by the cell manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: Information on the cell operating region is provided in Annex A.
[SOURCE: IEC 62133-2:2017, 3.19, modified − Note to entry added.]
3.18
venting
release of excessive internal pressure from a cell in a manner intended by design to preclude
rupture or explosion
4 Test conditions
4.1 General
Unless otherwise stated in this document, cells shall be tested at room temperature. For the
purposes of this document, room temperature is 25 °C ± 2 K.
The details of the instrumentation used shall be provided in any report of results.
Cell blocks can be tested as an alternative to cells in accordance with the agreement between
the cell manufacturer and the customer.
Concerning the cell for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), the cell manufacturer can select
either the test condition of BEV application or of HEV application.
NOTE Test and measurement can be conducted in a fixture as recommended by the cell manufacturer.
4.2 Measuring instruments
4.2.1 Range of measuring devices
The instruments used shall enable the values of voltage and current to be measured. The range
of these instruments and measuring methods shall be chosen so as to ensure the accuracy
specified for each test.
For analogue instruments, this implies that the readings shall be taken in the last third of the
graduated scale.
Any other measuring instruments may be used provided they give an equivalent accuracy.
4.2.2 Voltage measurement
The resistance of the voltmeters used shall be at least 1 MΩ/V.
4.2.3 Current measurement
The entire assembly of ammeter, shunt and leads shall be of an accuracy class of 0,5 or better.
4.2.4 Temperature measurements
The cell temperature shall be measured by use of a surface temperature measuring device
capable of an equivalent scale defini
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 62660-3:2021
01-april-2021
Sekundarni litij-ionski členi za pogon električnih cestnih vozil - 3. del: Varnostne
zahteve
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles - Part 3: Safety
requirements
Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärzellen für den Antrieb von Elektrostraßenfahrzeugen - Teil 3:
Sicherheitsanforderungen
Eléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers
électriques - Partie 3: Exigences de sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 62660-3:2021
ICS:
29.220.20 Kislinski sekundarni členi in Acid secondary cells and
baterije batteries
43.120 Električna cestna vozila Electric road vehicles
oSIST prEN IEC 62660-3:2021 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN IEC 62660-3:2021
21/1082/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 62660-3 ED2
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2021-02-26 2021-05-21
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
21/1057/CD, 21/1079/CC
IEC TC 21 : SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
France Mr Yves Boudou
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
SC 21A,TC 69
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if
any, in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft
for Vote (CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
TITLE:
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles - Part 3: Safety
requirements
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2025
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
Copyright © 2021 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to
download this electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National
Committee positions. You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for
any other purpose without permission in writing from IEC.
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1 CONTENTS
2
3 FOREWORD . 4
4 1 Scope . 6
5 2 Normative references . 6
6 3 Terms and definitions . 7
7 4 Test conditions . 9
8 4.1 General . 9
9 4.2 Measuring instruments . 9
10 4.2.1 Range of measuring devices . 9
11 4.2.2 Voltage measurement . 9
12 4.2.3 Current measurement . 9
13 4.2.4 Temperature measurements . 9
14 4.2.5 Other measurements . 10
15 4.3 Tolerance . 10
16 4.4 Thermal stabilization . 10
17 5 Electrical measurement . 10
18 5.1 General charge conditions . 10
19 5.2 Capacity . 11
20 5.3 SOC adjustment . 11
21 6 Safety tests . 11
22 6.1 General . 11
23 6.2 Mechanical tests . 12
24 6.2.1 Mechanical shock . 12
25 6.2.2 Crush . 12
26 6.3 Thermal test . 13
27 6.3.1 High temperature endurance. 13
28 6.3.2 Temperature cycling . 13
29 6.4 Electrical tests . 14
30 6.4.1 External short-circuit . 14
31 6.4.2 Overcharge . 14
32 6.4.3 Forced discharge . 14
33 6.4.4 Internal short-circuit test . 15
34 Annex A (informative) Operating region of cells for safe use . 16
35 A.1 General . 16
36 A.2 Charging conditions for safe use . 16
37 A.2.1 General . 16
38 A.2.2 Consideration on charging voltage . 16
39 A.2.3 Consideration on temperature . 17
40 A.3 Example of operating region . 18
41 Annex B (informative) Explanation for the internal short-circuit test . 20
42 B.1 General concept . 20
43 B.2 Internal short-circuit caused by the particle contamination . 20
44 Annex C (normative) Alternative internal short-circuit test (6.4.4.2.2) . 22
45 C.1 General . 22
46 C.2 Test preparation and test set-up . 22
47 C.2.1 Preparation of cell before the test . 22
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48 C.2.2 Test setup . 23
49 C.2.3 Preliminary test . 24
50 C.3 Test procedure . 25
51 C.4 Acceptance criteria . 26
52 Bibliography . 27
53
54 Figure 1 – Example of temperature measurement of cell . 10
55 Figure 2 – Example of crush test . 13
56 Figure A.1 – An example of operating region for charging of typical lithium-ion cells . 18
57 Figure A.2 – An example of operating region for discharging of typical lithium-ion cells . 19
58 Figure C.1 – Method of removing hard case . 22
59 Figure C.2 – Example of case thinning . 22
60 Figure C.3 – Example of hard case removal method during cell manufacturing . 23
61 Figure C.4 – Example 1 of fixation of cell . 23
62 Figure C.5 – Example 2 of fixation of cell . 24
63 Figure C.6 – Example of abrupt voltage drop . 25
64
65 Table B.1 – Examples of the internal short-circuit of cell . 21
66 Table C.1 – Test setup image for voltage measurement . 24
67
68
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69 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
70 ____________
71
72 SECONDARY LITHIUM-ION CELLS FOR THE PROPULSION
73 OF ELECTRIC ROAD VEHICLES –
74
75 Part 3: Safety requirements
76
77 FOREWORD
78 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
79 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
80 international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
81 this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
82 Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
83 Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
84 in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
85 governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
86 with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
87 agreement between the two organizations.
88 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
89 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
90 interested IEC National Committees.
91 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
92 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
93 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
94 misinterpretation by any end user.
95 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
96 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
97 between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
98 the latter.
99 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
100 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
101 services carried out by independent certification bodies.
102 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
103 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
104 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
105 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
106 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
107 Publications.
108 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
109 indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
110 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
111 patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
112 International Standard IEC 62660-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 21:
113 Secondary cells and batteries.
114 This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2016. This edition
115 constitutes a technical revision.
116 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
117 edition:
118 a) The new method for the internal short-circuit test has been added in 6.4.4.2.2 and Annex
119 C, as an alternative option to the test in 6.4.4.2.1.
120 b) The vibration test has been deleted.
121 c) The test conditions of overcharge (6.4.2.2) have been partially revised.
122 The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
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FDIS Report on voting
21/XX/FDIS 21/XX/RVD
123
124 Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
125 voting indicated in the above table.
126 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
127 A list of all parts in the IEC 62660 series, published under the general title Secondary lithium-
128 ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, can be found on the IEC website.
129 The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
130 the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
131 related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
132 • reconfirmed,
133 • withdrawn,
134 • replaced by a revised edition, or
135 • amended.
136 A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
137
138
139 The National Committees are requested to note that for this publication the stability date
140 is 20XX.
141 THIS TEXT IS INCLUDED FOR THE INFORMATION OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND WILL BE
142 DELETED AT THE PUBLICATION STAGE.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents.
Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
143
144
145
146
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147
148
149 SECONDARY LITHIUM-ION CELLS FOR THE PROPULSION
150 OF ELECTRIC ROAD VEHICLES –
151
152 Part 3: Safety requirements
153
154
155
156 1 Scope
157 This part of IEC 62660 specifies test procedures and acceptance criteria for safety
158 performance of secondary lithium-ion cells and cell blocks used for propulsion of electric
159 vehicles (EV) including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV).
160 This document intends to determine the basic safety performance of cells used in a battery
161 pack and system under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse or incident, during
162 the normal operation of the EV. The safety requirements of the cell in this document are
163 based on the premise that the cells are properly used in a battery pack and system within the
164 limits for voltage, current and temperature as specified by the cell manufacturer (cell
165 operating region).
166 The evaluation of the safety of cells during transport and storage is not covered by this
167 document.
168 NOTE 1 The safety performance requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems are defined in ISO 6469-
169 1. The specifications and safety requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems of electrically propelled
170 mopeds and motorcycles are defined in ISO 18243. IEC 62619 covers the safety requirements for the lithium-ion
171 cells and batteries for industrial application including, e.g. forklift truck, golf cart, and automated guided vehicle.
172 NOTE 2 Information on the cell operating region is provided in Annex A.
173 2 Normative references
174 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
175 content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
176 cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
177 any amendments) applies.
178 IEC 61434, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
179 Guide to the designation of current in alkaline secondary cell and battery standards
1
180 IEC 62619:20--, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
181 electrolytes – Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in
182 industrial applications
183 IEC 62660-2:2018, Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles –
184 Part 2: Reliability and abuse testing
185 ISO/TR 8713, Electrically propelled road vehicles – Vocabulary
———————
1
Under development
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186 3 Terms and definitions
187 For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 8713 and the
188 following apply.
189 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
190 addresses:
191 IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
192 ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
193 3.1
194 battery electric vehicle
195 BEV
196 electric vehicle with only a traction battery as power source for vehicle propulsion
197 3.2
198 cell block
199 a group of cells connected together in parallel configuration with or without protective devices,
200 e.g. fuse or positive temperature coefficient resistor (PTC), not yet fitted with its final housing,
201 terminal arrangement and electronic control device
202 3.3
203 cylindrical cell
204 cell with a cylindrical shape in which the overall height is equal to or greater than the diameter
205 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-39]
206 3.4
207 explosion
208 failure that occurs when a cell container, open violently and major components are forcibly
209 expelled
210 3.5
211 fire
212 emission of flames from a cell or cell block for more than 1 s
213 Note 1 to entry: Sparks and arcing are not considered as flames.
214 3.6
215 hybrid electric vehicle
216 HEV
217 vehicle with both a rechargeable energy storage system and a fuelled power source for
218 propulsion
219 3.7
220 internal short-circuit
221 unintentional electrical connection between the negative and positive electrodes inside a cell
222 3.8
223 leakage
224 visible escape of liquid electrolyte from a part except vent, such as case, sealing part and/or
225 terminals of the cell
226 3.9
227 nominal voltage
228 suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell
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229 [SOURCE: IEC 60052-482:2004, 482-03-31, modified – Deletion of "a battery or an
230 electrochemical system" at the end of the definition. ]
231 3.10
232 pouch cell
233 cell having the shape of a parallelepiped whose faces are rectangular and with a prismatic
234 flexible laminate film case housing
235 3.11
236 prismatic cell
237 cell having the shape of a parallelepiped whose faces are rectangular and with a prismatic
238 hard case housing
239 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-38, modified − "qualifies a cell or a battery" has been
240 replaced with "cell", and "and with a prismatic hard case housing" has been added.]
241 3.12
242 rated capacity
243 C
n
244 capacity value of a cell in ampere hours (Ah) determined under specified conditions and
245 declared by the cell manufacturer
246 Note 1 to entry: n in Cn is the time base in hours (h). In this document, n = 3 for BEV application and n = 1 for HEV
247 application unless otherwise specified.
248 3.13
249 reference test current
250 It
251 reference test current in amperes (A) which is expressed as
252 I = C / 1
t n
253 Note 1 to entry: 1 has a dimension of time in hours (h).
254 Note 2 to entry: See IEC 61434:1996 [4], Clause 2.
255 3.14
256 rupture
257 mechanical failure of a container case of cell induced by an internal or external cause,
258 resulting in exposure or spillage but not ejection of materials
259 3.15
260 secondary lithium-ion cell
261 cell
262 secondary single cell whose electrical energy is derived from the insertion/extraction reactions
263 of lithium-ions between the negative electrode and the positive electrode
264 Note 1 to entry: The secondary cell is a manufactured unit providing a source of electrical energy by direct
265 conversion of chemical energy. The cell consists of electrodes, electrolyte, container, terminals, and if any,
266 separators. The electrode can be monopolar or bipolar. Current collector of the former has active material of single
267 polarity and the latter has positive and negative electrode active materials. The electrolyte includes an ionic
268 conductive liquid or solid, or a mixture of them. The cell is designed to be charged electrically.
269 3.16
270 state of charge
271 SOC
272 capacity in a cell expressed as a percentage of rated capacity
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273 3.17
274 venting
275 release of excessive internal pressure from a cell in a manner intended by design to preclude
276 rupture or explosion
277 4 Test conditions
278 4.1 General
279 Unless otherwise stated in this document, cells shall be tested at room temperature. The room
280 temperature is 25 °C ± 2 K in this document.
281 The details of the instrumentation used shall be provided in any report of results.
282 Cell blocks can be tested as an alternative of cells according to the agreement between the
283 cell manufacturer and the customer.
284 Concerning the cell for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), the cell manufacturer can select
285 either the test condition of BEV application or HEV application.
286 NOTE Test and measurement can be conducted in a fixture as recommended by the cell manufacturer.
287 4.2 Measuring instruments
288 4.2.1 Range of measuring devices
289 The instruments used shall enable the values of voltage and current to be measured. The
290 range of these instruments and measuring methods shall be chosen so as to ensure the
291 accuracy specified for each test.
292 For analogue instruments, this implies that the readings shall be taken in the last third of the
293 graduated scale.
294 Any other measuring instruments may be used provided they give an equivalent accuracy.
295 4.2.2 Voltage measurement
296 The resistance of the voltmeters used shall be at least 1 MΩ/V.
297 4.2.3 Current measurement
298 The entire assembly of ammeter, shunt and leads shall be of an accuracy class of 0,5 or
299 better.
300 4.2.4 Temperature measurements
301 The cell temperature shall be measured by use of a surface temperature measuring device
302 capable of an equivalent scale definition and accuracy of calibration as specified in 4.2.1. The
303 temperature should be measured at a location which most closely reflects the cell or cell block
304 temperature. The temperature may be measured at additional appropriate locations, if
305 necessary.
306 The examples for temperature measurement are shown in Figure 1. The instructions for
307 temperature measurement specified by the cell manufacturer shall be followed.
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Prismatic or pouch cell
Cylindrical cell
Temperature measuring device
cell
cell cell
Thermal insulating material
308
309 Figure 1 – Example of temperature measurement of cell
310 4.2.5 Other measurements
311 Other values may be measured by use of a measuring device, provided that it complies with
312 4.3.
313 4.3 Tolerance
314 The overall accuracy of controlled or measured values, relative to the specified or actual
315 values, shall be within the following tolerances:
316 a) ±0,1 % for voltage;
317 b) ±1 % for current;
318 c) ±2 K for temperature;
319 d) ±0,1 % for time;
320 e) ±0,1 % for mass;
321 f) ±0,1 % for dimensions.
322 These tolerances comprise the combined accuracy of the measuring instruments, the
323 measurement technique used, and all other sources of error in the test procedure.
324 4.4 Thermal stabilization
325 For the stabilization of cell temperature, the cell shall be soaked to a specified ambient
326 temperature for a minimum of 12 h. This period may be reduced if thermal stabilization is
327 reached. Thermal stabilization is considered to be reached if after one interval of 1 h, the
328 change of cell temperature is lower than 1 K.
329 5 Electrical measurement
330 5.1 General charge conditions
331 Unless otherwise stated in this document, prior to electrical measurement test, the cell shall
332 be charged as follows.
333 Prior to charging, the cell shall be discharged at room temperature at a constant current of 1/3
334 I (A) for BEV application and 1 I (A) for HEV application down to an end-of-discharge voltage
t t
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335 specified by the cell manufacturer. Then, the cell shall be charged according to the charging
336 method declared by the cell manufacturer at room temperature.
337 5.2 Capacity
338 Before the SOC adjustment in 5.3, the capacity of the test cell shall be confirmed to be the
339 rated value in accordance with the following phases.
340 Phase 1 – The cell shall be charged in accordance with 5.1.
341 After charge, the cell temperature shall be stabilized in accordance with 4.4.
342 Phase 2 – The cell shall be discharged at room temperature at a constant current of 1/3 I (A)
t
343 for BEV application and 1 I (A) for HEV application to the end-of-discharge voltage that is
t
344 provided by the cell manufacturer.
345 Phase 3 – Measure the discharge duration until the specified end-of-discharge voltage is
346 reached, and calculate the capacity of cell expressed in Ah up to three significant figures.
347 5.3 SOC adjustment
348 The test cells shall be charged as specified below. The SOC adjustment is the procedure to
349 be followed for preparing cells to the various SOCs for the tests in this document.
350 Phase 1 – The cell shall be charged in accordance with 5.1.
351 Phase 2 – The cell shall be left at rest at room temperature in accordance with 4.4.
352 Phase 3 – The cell shall be discharged at a constant current of 1/3 I (A) for BEV application
t
353 and 1 I (A) for HEV application for (100 – n)/100 × 3 h for BEV application and
t
354 (100 – n)/100 × 1 h for HEV application, where n is SOC (%) to be adjusted for each test.
355 6 Safety tests
356 6.1 General
357 For all the tests specified in this clause, the test installation shall be reported including the
358 method used for fixing and wiring of the cell. If necessary, to prevent deformation, the cell
359 may be maintained
...
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