SIST EN 12057:2004
(Main)Natural stone products - Modular tiles - Requirements
Natural stone products - Modular tiles - Requirements
This document specifies requirements for flat modular tiles of natural stone which are made for use as flooring, stairs, cladding and ceiling finishes. It does not cover mineral aggregates and artificial agglomerated stone material and does not cover installation.
Natursteinprodukte - Fliesen - Anforderungen
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen an glatte Fliesen aus Naturstein fest, die als Belag für Fußböden und Treppenstufen sowie als Wandbekleidungen und für Deckenflächen eingesetzt werden. Nicht erfasst werden mineralische Gesteinskörnungen und künstlich hergestelltes Gesteinsmaterial sowie die Verlegung.
Produits en pierre naturelle - Plaquettes modulaires - Exigences
Le présent document définit les exigences relatives aux plaquettes modulaires planes en pierre naturelle destinées a etre utilisées pour les sols, les escaliers, les revetements muraux et les finitions de plafonds. Il ne couvre pas les agrégats minéraux ni les matériaux rocheux agglomérés artificiellement, et ne concerne pas la mise en ?uvre.
Naravni kamen - Ploščice - Zahteve
Dokument specificira zahteve za ploščice iz naravnega kamna, ki so namenjene za oblaganje tal, stopnic, notranjih in zunanjih sten in stropov. Ta standard posebej ne opredeljuje mineralnih agregatov in umetnih kamnov ter tudi ne načina polaganja.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Natural stone products - Modular tiles - RequirementsProduits en pierre naturelle - Plaquettes modulaires - ExigencesNatursteinprodukte - Fliesen - AnforderungenTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12057:2004SIST EN 12057:2004en91.100.15ICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12057:200401-december-2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12057October 2004ICS 91.100.15English versionNatural stone products - Modular tiles - RequirementsProduits en pierre naturelle - Plaquettes modulaires -ExigencesNatursteinprodukte - Fliesen - AnforderungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 July 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12057:2004: E
EN 12057:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.4 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.7 4 Requirements.7 4.1 Requirements for geometric characteristics.7 4.1.1 General.7 4.1.2 Requirements for dimensions, flatness and squareness.7 4.1.3 Requirements for surface finish.8 4.2 Requirements of natural stone for modular tiles.9 4.2.1 General.9 4.2.2 Denomination.9 4.2.3 Visual appearance.9 4.2.4 Flexural strength.11 4.2.5 Bond strength adhesion.12 4.2.6 Water absorption at atmospheric pressure.12 4.2.7 Reaction to fire.12 4.2.8 Water absorption by capillarity.12 4.2.9 Apparent density and open porosity.12 4.2.10 Frost resistance.12 4.2.11 Thermal shock resistance.13 4.2.12 Water vapour permeability.13 4.2.13 Abrasion resistance.13 4.2.14 Slipperiness behaviour.13 4.2.15 Tactility.13 5 Marking and packaging.14 6 Evaluation of conformity and factory production control.14 6.1 General rules.14 6.2 Initial type testing.14 6.3 Factory production control.15 Annex A
(normative)
Sampling.18 A.1 General.18 A.2 Principles of sampling.18 A.3 Taking bulk samples.18 A.4 Preparing a sampling plan.18 A.5 Sampling apparatus.19 A.6 Sampling methods.19 A.6.1 General.19 A.6.2 Sampling from quarries.19 A.6.3 Sampling from plants.20 A.6.4 Sampling from buildings.20 A.7 Marking, packaging and dispatch of the samples.20 A.8 Sampling report.20 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive.22 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics.22 ZA.2 Procedures for the attestation of conformity of products.25 ZA.3 CE marking and labelling.26
EN 12057:2004 (E) 3 ZA.3.1 CE marking.26 ZA.3.2 Reference model for marking and labelling.26 ZA.4 EC Declaration of conformity.28 Annex ZB (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive.29 ZB.1 Scope and relevant characteristics.29 ZB.2 Procedures for the attestation of conformity of products.32 ZB.3 CE marking and labelling.33 ZB.3.1 CE marking.33 ZB.3.2 Reference model for marking and labelling.33 ZB.4 EC Declaration of conformity.35 Bibliography.36
EN 12057:2004 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12057:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 246 “Natural stones”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2006. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are an integral part of this document. This document is one of a series of standards for specifications of natural stone products which includes the following: EN 1467, Natural stone - Rough blocks - Requirements EN 1468, Natural stone - Rough slabs - Requirements prEN 1469:, Natural stone products – Slabs for cladding - Requirements EN 12057, Natural stone products - Modular tiles - Requirements EN 12058, Natural stone products - Slabs for floors and stairs - Requirements prEN 12059:, Natural stone products - Dimensional stone work - Requirements Other standards on natural stones are produced by: CEN/TC 178 Paving units and kerbs EN 1341, Slabs of natural stone for external paving - Requirements and test methods EN 1342, Setts of natural stone for external paving - Requirements and test methods EN 1343, Kerbs of natural stone for external paving - Requirements and test methods CEN/TC 128 Roof covering products for discontinuous laying and products for wall cladding EN 12326-2, Slate and stone products for discontinuous roofing and cladding - Part 2: Methods of test EN 12326-1, Slate and stone products for discontinuous roofing and cladding - Part 1: Product specification CEN/TC 125 Masonry EN 771-6, Specification for masonry units - Part 6: Natural stone masonry units Other standards are relevant to aggregates for concrete, roads, railways and armourstone (under study within CEN/TC 154). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
EN 12057:2004 (E) 5 Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 12057:2004 (E) 6 1 Scope This document specifies requirements for flat modular tiles of natural stone which are made for use as flooring, stairs, cladding and ceiling finishes. It does not cover mineral aggregates and artificial agglomerated stone material and does not cover installation. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1925, Natural stone test methods - Determination of water absorption coefficient by capillarity EN 1936, Natural stone test method - Determination of real density and apparent density, and of total and open porosity EN 12371, Natural stone test methods - Determination of frost resistance EN 12372, Natural stone test methods - Determination of flexural strength under concentrated load EN 12407, Natural stone test methods - Petrographic examination EN 12440, Natural stone - Denomination criteria EN 12524, Building materials and products - Hygrothermal properties - Tabulated design values EN 12670:2001, Natural stone - Terminology EN 13161, Natural stone test methods - Determination of flexural strength under constant moment EN 13373, Natural stone test methods - Determination of geometric characteristics on units EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification using test data from reaction to fire tests EN 13755, Natural stone test methods - Determination of water absorption at atmospheric pressure EN 14157, Natural stone test methods - Determination of the abrasion resistance EN 14066, Natural stone test methods - Determination of resistance to ageing by thermal shock EN 14231, Natural stone test methods - Determination of the slip resistance by means of the pendulum tester EN ISO 12572, Hygrothermal performance of building materials and products - Determination of water vapour transmission properties (ISO 12572:2001) NOTE Besides the documents for test methods mentioned in Clause 2 there exist further standards which can be used for scientific examinations, but which are not relevant for the application in practice according to this standard.
EN 12057:2004 (E) 7 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions in given in EN 12670:2001 and the following apply. 3.1 modular tile flat piece of natural stone square or rectangular in standard sizes, normally ≤ 610 mm obtained by cutting or splitting at a nominal thickness ≤ 12 mm 3.2 dimensions of modular tiles length l, width b and thickness d are the dimensions of a modular tile. The dimensions are given in the stated sequence in millimetres (see Figure 1)
Figure 1 — Dimensions of a modular tile 4 Requirements 4.1 Requirements for geometric characteristics 4.1.1 General All measurements shall be carried out in accordance with EN 13373 and all measured values of individual units shall fall within the required tolerances. 4.1.2 Requirements for dimensions, flatness and squareness The tolerances for sizes, flatness and squareness shall be as given in Table 1. Table 1 is not valid for modular tiles having natural cleft/riven faces, for which tolerances on dimensions, flatness or squareness shall be declared by the manufacturer.
EN 12057:2004 (E) 8 Table 1 – Tolerances on dimensions and shape Property Tolerances on dimensions and shape
Not calibrated tiles Calibrated tilesa l, b ± 1 mm ± 0,5 mm
Dimensions d ± 1,5 mm ± 0,5 mm Flatness (for honed and polished surface only) 0,15 % 0,10 % Squareness 0,15 % 0,10 % a Calibrated tiles indicate a product submitted to specific mechanical finishing in order to obtain more precise dimensions; they are suitable to be fixed by thin mortar bed or adhesives
4.1.3 Requirements for surface finish 4.1.3.1 General Surface finishes shall extend uniformly to the edges of the modular tiles. The surface finishing of some types of stones may typically involve the use of patching, fillers or other similar products for natural holes, faults or cracks; this is to be considered as part of the normal processing. In such cases the type of treatment as well as the type and nature of additional materials shall be declared. 4.1.3.2 Requirements for surfaces after surface finishing Surfaces shall be worked to achieve the specified finish and shall have a regular appearance as a result of the finishing process (e.g. making reference to samples, see 4.2.3). NOTE 1 Surfaces obtained by grinding are, for example: - rough ground surfaces obtained, e.g. by means of a grinding disk of grain size F 60; - medium ground surfaces obtained, e.g. by means of a grinding disk of grain size F 120; - fine ground surfaces obtained, e.g. by means of a grinding disk of grain size F 220; - matt finished surfaces obtained, e.g. by means of a grinding disk with grain size F 400; - highly polished surfaces obtained, e.g. by means of a polishing disk or felt. NOTE 2 Surfaces obtained by means of percussion tools are, for example: – bush hammered surfaces (see EN 12670:2001, 2.3.8)*; – trimmed surfaces: finish obtained by using pointed chisel and mallet or a grooving machine; – striated surfaces: finish obtained by using a claw chisel (percussion tool for roughening a surface, with the cutting edge consisting of several teeth of various size) or a ruling machine.
EN 12057:2004 (E) 9 NOTE 3 Surfaces obtained by other finishing operations are, for example: – flamed finish (see EN 12670:2001, 2.3.22)**; – sand blasted finish (see EN 12670:2001, 2.3.46)***; – water jet streamed finish: a matt textured surface finish, accomplished by exposing the surface to a jet of water under pressure; – machine tooled finish (see EN 12670:2001, 2.3.54)****; – riven cut finish: rugged surface produced by splitting stone with a guillotine or chisel. * finish obtained by using a bush hammer (percussion tool for roughening a surface, with a square head and with few pyramidal percussion teeth or points) or a bush hammering machine (machine consisting of feed rolls and a overhanging beam, supporting a pneumatic bush hammer). ** surface texture obtained by thermal treatment of the stone using a high temperature flame. *** a matt finishing resulting from the impact of sand or other abrasive grains expelled by a sand jet. **** this term has two different meanings: 1) finish resulting from a mechanical surface treatment with tools; 2) dressed finish clearly showing tool marks. 4.2 Requirements of natural stone for modular tiles 4.2.1 General Due to natural variations of the stone materials, deviations from the declared values may occur.
Whenever stone processing is likely to change the characteristics of the raw material (e.g. as a consequence of the type of processing or because the use of patching, fillers or other similar products for natural holes, faults, cracks and similar), then this has to be considered when determining the characteristics requested by this document. The following characteristics shall be declared where requested by this document or with reference to the use conditions. 4.2.2 Denomination The denomination shall always be declared in accordance with EN 12440 (meaning traditional name, petrological family, typical colour and place of origin). The petrographic name shall be declared in accordance with EN 12407. 4.2.3 Visual appearance 4.2.3.1 General This characteristic shall always be declared. The colour, veining, texture, etc. of the stone shall be identified visually, typically by a reference sample of the same stone suitable for providing a general description of visual appearance. The reference sample shall be provided by the supplier.
EN 12057:2004 (E) 10 4.2.3.2 Reference sample, visual inspection and acceptance criteria A reference sample shall be an adequate number of pieces of natural stone of sufficient size to indicate the general appearance of the finished work The dimensions of individual pieces shall be at least 0,01 square metres (typical values are between 0,01 and 0,25 square metres in face area but may be more), and shall indicate the range of appearance regarding the colouring, the vein pattern, the physical structure and the surface finish. In particular the reference sample shall show specific characteristics of the stone, such as holes for travertine, worm holes for marble, glass seams, spots, crystalline veins. The reference sample does not imply strict uniformity between the sample itself and the actual supply; natural variations may always occur. If the processing of the stone involves the use of patching, fillers or other similar products for natural holes, faults or cracks, then the reference sample shall similarly display the impact of the same on the finished surface. All the characteristics as shown by the reference sample shall be considered typical of the stone and not as flaws, therefore they shall not become a reason for rejection, unless their concentration becomes excessive and the typical character of the stone is lost. The name and address of the producer or the supplier, as well as the denomination of the stone in accordance with 4.2.2 above, shall be indicated on the reference sample. Any comparison between production sample and reference sample shall be carried out by placing the reference sample against the production sample and viewing them at a distance of about two metres under normal daylight conditions and recording any visible differences in the characteristics of the stones (see Figure 2).
EN 12057:2004 (E) 11
Key 1
Reference sample 2
Production sample 3
Daylight Figure 2 — Comparison between production sample and reference sample 4.2.4 Flexural strength This characteristic shall always be declared. The flexural strength shall be determined using the test method in EN 12372 or EN 13161 and the mean value, lower expected value and standard deviation shall be declared. NOTE An identification test as defined in EN 12372 or EN 13161 is usually carried out for the purpose of CE marking. However, where the surface finish of the delivered product is known, the test may be carried out with this finish, in accordance with the technological tests defined in EN 12372 or EN 13161.
EN 12057:2004 (E) 12 4.2.5 Bond strength adhesion This characteristic is within the responsibility of the person in charge of the execution of the tiling. The value of the bond strength adhesion depends on the condition of the layer, the type of adhesive/mortar and the surface finish of the back face. The person responsible shall refer to existing national codes of practice. 4.2.6 Water absorption at atmospheric pressure This characteristic shall always be declared. The water absorption shall be determined using the test method in EN 13755 and the results expressed accordingly. 4.2.7 Reaction to fire This characteristic shall always be declared. Natural stones are considered reaction to fire Class A1 following Commission Decision 96/603/EC, as amended, with the following exceptions: • Natural stones containing asphalt at greater than 1 % by mass or volume, whichever is the more onerous, and having a final use subject to fire regulation, shall be tested for reaction to fire and classified in accordance with EN 13501-1. • Whenever processing of natural stones involves the use of organic patching, fillers or other similar products for natural holes, faults, cracks or similar, at greater than 1 % by mass or volume, whichever is the more onerous and the same stones have a final use subject to fire regulation, then they shall be tested for reaction to fire and classified in accordance with EN 13501-1. 4.2.8 Water absorption by capillarity This characteristic shall be declared upon request, for example when the tile is to be used for elements in contact with a horizontal surface where water may be present. The water absorption by capillarity shall be determined using the test method in EN 1925 and the results expressed accordingly. For stone having an open porosity less than 1,0 % this test shall not be performed. 4.2.9 Apparent density and open porosity This characteristic shall always be declared. The apparent density and open porosity shall be determined using the test method in EN 1936 and the results expressed accordingly. 4.2.10 Frost resistance This characteristic shall be declared where subject to regulatory requirements. The frost resistance shall be determined using the test method in EN 12371 and the results expressed: - as the change in mean flexural strength after 48 cycles of freeze/thaw for flooring and after 12 cycles of freeze/thaw for wall finishes; - or as the number of cycles necessary to initiate cracks, rupture, etc. When the tiles are to be used in an area considered not subjected to freeze/thaw cycles, the resistance shall be recorded as "No performance determined” (NPD).
EN 12057:2004 (E) 13 For some specific uses it may be appropriate to use different test cycles, for example freezing in water, freezing to a lower temperature, or testing specimens embedded in non-porous siliceous granules or a different number of cycles. In these cases national specification standards may be followed but these variations shall be clearly stated in the test report and in the product marking.
NOTE 1 The selection of the stone is subjected to climatic zone and/or to codes of practice. NOTE 2 When the mean value of flexural strength decreases by less than 20 %, this should not be considered as significant because of the variability of natural stone. NOTE 3 The frost damage which a stone may suffer when installed in a building will depend on the climatic conditions of the place of use, the relative position in the building (which determines the degree of saturation) and the predicted service life of the building. Consequently, each country may feel it appropriate to introduce in the document a national informative Annex that may be used to determine the number of the freeze-thaw cycles to be carried out in the laboratory for a technological test. This number of cycles will be appropriate to a specific project and will help to provide guidance for the interpretation of the test results. 4.2.11 Thermal shock resistance This characteristic shall be declared where subject to regulatory requirements. The resistance to thermal cycles shall be determined using the test method in EN 14066 and the changes both in mass and in dynamic modulus of elasticity expressed accordingly. When the tiles are to be used in areas not subjected to critical thermal cycles, the resistance shall be recorded as "No performance determined” (NPD). 4.2.12 Water vapour permeability This characteristic shall be declared upon request, when the tile is to be used in a location subject to vapour control requirements and fixed by means of mortar or adhesives. The permeability shall be given by making reference to tabulated values in EN 12524. 4.2.13 Abrasion resistance This characteristic shall be declared, for tiles for flooring and stairs only, when subject to regulatory requirements or upon request. The abrasion resistance shall be determined using the test method in EN 14157 and the results expressed accordingly. 4.2.14 Slip resistance This characteristic shall be declared, for tiles for flooring and stairs only, where subject to regulatory requirements or upon request and when the roughness of the surface is less than 1 mm measured following EN 13373. The slip resistance shall be determined using test methods in EN 14231 and the results expressed accordingly. Whenever results indicate an insufficient slip resistance of tiles for stairs, then adequate provisions shall be adopted in order to improve this parameter. This may be achieved by mechanical reworking of the surface, or by inserting anti-slip products e.g. rubber profiles, carborundum strips, metal bars or similar. 4.2.15 Tactility This characteristic shall be declared, for tiles for flooring and stairs only, where subject to regulatory requirements or upon request. The tactility is expressed by a description of surface corrugation obtai
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