SIST EN 13031-1:2004
(Main)Greenhouses - Design and construction - Part 1: Commercial production greenhouses
Greenhouses - Design and construction - Part 1: Commercial production greenhouses
This European Standard specifies principles and requirements for the mechanical resistance and sta-bility, serviceability and durability for design and construction of commercial production greenhouse structures irrespective of material, including their founda-tions, for the professional production of plants and crops.
Fire resistance-related aspects are not covered in this standard.
Gewächshäuser - Bemessung und Konstruktion - Teil 1: Kulturgewächshäuser
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Prinzipien und Anforderungen für den Widerstand, die Stabilität, die Gebrauchstauglichkeit und die Beständigkeit für den Entwurf von Kulturgewächshäusern und deren Fundamente, unabhängig vom verwendeten Material, zur kommerziellen Pflanzenproduktion fest. Fragen der Feuerwiderstandsdauer werden in dieser Norm nicht berührt.
Serres - Calcul et construction - Partie 1: Serres de production
Le présent projet de norme européenne spécifie des principes et des exigences de résistance et de stabilité mécanique, d'aptitude au service et de durabilité applicables au calcul et a la conception des structures de serres de production, pour la production professionnelle de plantes et de cultures quel qu'en soit le matériau, y compris les fondations.
Les aspects concernant la résistance au feu ne sont pas traités dans la présente norme.
Rastlinjaki – Projektiranje in gradnja – 1. del. Proizvodni rastlinjaki
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Rastlinjaki – Projektiranje in gradnja – 1. del. Proizvodni rastlinjakiGewächshäuser - Bemessung und Konstruktion - Teil 1: KulturgewächshäuserSerres - Calcul et construction - Partie 1: Serres de productionGreenhouses - Design and construction - Part 1: Commercial production greenhouses65.040.30Rastlinjaki in druge napraveGreenhouses and other installationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13031-1:2001SIST EN 13031-1:2004en,fr,de01-september-2004SIST EN 13031-1:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13031-1December 2001ICS 65.040.30English versionGreenhouses: Design and construction - Part 1: Commercialproduction greenhousesSerres: Calcul et construction - Partie 1: Serres deproductionGewächshäuser: Bemessung und Konstruktion - Teil 1:KulturgewächshäuserThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 April 2001.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13031-1:2001 ESIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001(E)2ContentsPageForeword.3Introduction.41 Scope.52 Normative references.53 Terms and definitions.64 Symbols and abbreviations.75 Design of greenhouse structures.96 Serviceability limit states.107 Ultimate limit states.118 Tolerances.129 Durability, maintenance and repair.1810 Actions on greenhouses.1811 Displacements and deflections (SLS).23Annex A (normative)
Structural capacity of cladding.30Annex B (normative)
Wind actions.34Annex C (normative)
Snow actions.56Annex D (normative)
Ultimate limit states of arches.60Annex E
(normative)
Country related factors, coefficients and formulas.64Annex F (normative)
Owner's manual and identification plaque.83Annex G
(informative)
Instructions for maintenance and repair.85Annex H (informative)
Structural detailing.86Annex I
(informative)
Calculation method for film covered greenhouses.90Bibliography.94SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001 (E)3ForewordThis European Standard has been prepared by Techical Committee CEN/TC 284 “Greenhouses”, thesecretariat of which is held by NEN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identicaltext or by endorsement, at te latest by June 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at thelatest by June 2002.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Soain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001(E)4IntroductionPart 1 of this standard relates specifically to greenhouses used for the professional production of plants andcrops where human occupancy is restricted to low levels of authorised personnel. Other parts of thisEuropean Standard are to be prepared that relate to greenhouses where general access by the public ispermitted (such as those in garden centres or expositions), and to small domestic greenhouses.This European Standard gives rules for structural design and construction of greenhouse structures for theprofessional production of plants and crops.It is based on ENV 1991 "Eurocode 1: Basis of design and actions on structures" as regards the general prin-ciples and requirements for actions, mechanical resistance and stability, serviceability and durabilityconsiderations. For structural design considerations, it is similarly based on the relevant parts ofENV 1992 to ENV 1999 (Eurocodes 2 to 9).Complementary information is provided to account for the particular requirements, functions and forms ofcommercial production greenhouses that distinguish them from ordinary buildings. Amongst the distinguish-ing functional requirements of greenhouses are the desire to optimise solar radiation transmission to createand maintain an optimal environment for the growth of plants and crops, and commonly, to support the weightof growing plants. These have implications on the form and structural design of commercial greenhouses.Greenhouse designs, based on this European Standard providing specific information about loaddistributions, deformation criteria and tolerances, adapting rules of Structural Eurocodes, ENV 1991 toENV 1999, result in adequate structural safety. This is justified because in contrast to normal buildings,greenhouses have specific design working lives and human occupancy is restricted to low levels ofauthorised personnel.As rules and requirements of this Standard may become adopted by other European Standards, for examplethe Structural Eurocodes or codes for Glass in Building - Design of glass panes, these will be replaced by areference to the adopting European Standard.Design criteria for the accessibility of the greenhouses, e.g. ascents, workways, walkways, or roof laddersmay be part of national legislation.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001 (E)51 ScopeThis European Standard specifies principles and requirements for the mechanical resistance and stability,serviceability and durability for design and construction of commercial production greenhouse structuresirrespective of material, including their foundations, for the professional production of plants and crops.Fire resistance-related aspects are not covered in this standard.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listedhereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply tothis European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references thelatest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 572-1, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 1: Definitions and general physicaland mechanical propertiesEN 572-2, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 2: Float glassEN 572-3, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 3: Polished wired glassEN 572-4, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 4: Drawn sheet glassEN 572-5, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 5: Patterned glassEN 572-6, Glass in building - Basic soda lime silicate glass products - Part 6: Wired patterned glassENV 1090-1,
Execution of steel structures - Part 1: General rules and rules for buildingsEN 1096-1, Glass in building - Coated glass - Part 1: Definitions and classificationprEN 1279-1:1998, Glass in building - Insulating glass units - Part 1: Generalities, dimensional tolerances andrules for the system descriptionEN 1863-1, Glass in building - Heat strengthened soda lime silicate glass – Part 1: Definition and descriptionENV 1991-1:1994, Eurocode 1 - Basis of design and actions on structures - Part 1: Basis of designENV 1991-2-1, Eurocode 1: Basis of design and actions on structures - Part 2-1: Densities, self-weight andimposed loadsENV 1991-2-3, Eurocode 1: Basis of design and actions on structures - Part 2-3: Actions on structures -Snow loadsENV 1991-2-4, Eurocode 1: Basis of design and actions on structures - Part 2-4: Actions on structures - WindactionsENV 1992-1-1:1991, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules forbuildingsENV 1993-1-1:1992, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildingsENV 1993-1-3:1999,
Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-3: General rules – Supplementary rulesfor cold formed thin gauge members and sheetingENV 1995-1-1:1993, Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildingsENV 1997-1:1994, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design- Part 1: General rulesENV 1998-1-1:1994, Eurocode 8: Design provisions for earthquake resistance of structures - Part 1-1:General rules - Seismic actions and general requirements for structuresENV 1999-1-1:1998, Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures - Part 1-1: General rules - General rulesand rules for buildingsEN 12150-1 – Glass in building - Thermally toughened soda lime silicate safety glass – Part 1: Definition anddescriptionEN 12337-1 – Glass in building - Chemically strengthened soda lime silicate glass – Part 1: Definition anddescriptionSIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001(E)6EN ISO 12543-5:1998, Glass in building - Laminated glass and laminated safety glass - Part 5: Dimensionsand edge finishing (ISO 12543-5:1998)prEN 13474-1:1999, Glass in building - Design of glass panes - Part 1: General basis of design3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in ENV 1991-1 and ENV 1090-1and the following apply3.1greenhousestructure used for cultivation and/or protection of plants and crops, that optimises solar radiation transmissionunder controlled conditions, to improve the growing environment of a size that enables people to work withinit.3.2commercial production greenhousegreenhouse (3.1) for professional production of plants and crops, where human occupancy is restricted to lowlevels of authorised personnel. Other people shall be accompanied by authorised personnel.3.3clearancedifference between the distance between two opposite cladding bars in their nominal position and therelevant nominal dimension enlarged with the tolerance of a cladding panel.3.4dominant permanent openingopening which cannot be closed under extreme wind conditions and which has a significant influence on theinternal pressure.3.5deflectionthe deformation perpendicular to the surface on which the action acts.3.6deformationchange of shape from a building structure or part of it.3.7displacementchange in the position of a point.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001 (E)74 Symbols and abbreviationsThe following symbols and abbreviations are used in this European Standard.Aiaccidental actionalargest span of a glass panel, distance between wiresBwidthbsmallest span of a glass panel, distance in width directioncclearance, coefficientDcross sectional dimension of the foundation holeddistance, diameterEmodulus of elasticityFforcefstrength of a materialGipermanent actionHheight of the ridge above ground levelhlength of column (between foundation and gutter)Llength, spanlspan, distance in length directionMmomentNnormal forcennumberppermanent actionQivariable actionqvariable actionsspan of a rooftthicknessudisplacement or deflectionvintintended fall of the gutterwwidthze, zireference height of a greenhouseangle of pitchcrsecond-order elastic critical load factorusecond-order elastic-plastic critical load factorpartial factor (for actions)deviationdeviation from intended inclinationcrlowest positive eigenvalue from linear buckling analysis (Euler)shape coefficientintended inclinationxrotation angle of the cladding barcombination coefficient (for actions)SLSserviceability limit statesULSultimate limit statesSIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001(E)8indicesaarchccladdingcbcolumn baseffrictionghgreenhouseglglassgwgable wallhhorizontallimlimitpeexternal pressurepiinternal pressurerroofssection length, spansupsupportswside wallvverticalwirewireSIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001 (E)95 Design of greenhouse structures5.1 General5.1.1 Greenhouses shall be designed by verifying that no relevant limit state is exceeded. The relevant limitstates to be considered depend on the class of the greenhouse, which is detailed in 5.2.5.1.2 Serviceability limit states shall be verified in accordance with clause 6, and ultimate limit states inaccordance with clause 7.5.1.3 Greenhouses shall be designed such that the requirements for tolerances, durability, maintenance andrepair given in clause 8 and clause 9 are satisfied.5.2 Classes of greenhouse structures5.2.1 GeneralGreenhouses shall be classified in accordance with a minimum design working life for the structure as givenin 5.2.2 and the tolerance to frame displacements of the cladding system as given in 5.2.3. The classificationis given in 5.2.4.5.2.2 Minimum design working life for the structureGreenhouse structures shall have a minimum design working life of 15 years, 10 years or 5 years.5.2.3 Tolerance to frame displacements of the cladding system5.2.3.1 Greenhouses shall be designated as Class A or Class B depending upon the tolerance to framedisplacements of the cladding system, as described in 5.2.3.2, 5.2.3.3 and 5.2.3.4.5.2.3.2 Greenhouses in which the cladding system is not tolerant to frame displacements, resulting from thedesign actions, shall be designated as Class A. Class A greenhouses shall be designed by consideringserviceability limit states (SLS) as well as ultimate limit states (ULS).5.2.3.3 Greenhouses in which the cladding system is tolerant to frame displacements, resulting from thedesign actions, may be designated as Class B. Class B greenhouses may be designed by consideringultimate limit states (ULS) only.5.2.3.4 In cases where only a part of the greenhouse cladding system is not tolerant to frame displacements,the greenhouse structure shall be designated as Class A. The local displacements of structural componentsdirectly carrying only parts of the cladding system that are tolerant to frame displacements need not bechecked against serviceability limit state (SLS) criteria.5.2.4 Greenhouse classificationGreenhouses shall be classified as shown in Table 1.Table 1 - Greenhouse classificationClassification cMinimum design working life15 year10 year5 yearClass A aA15A10-Class B b dB15B10B5a Class A greenhouses shall have a minimum design working life for the structure of either 15 years or 10years and shall be designated as Class A15 or A10 greenhouse accordingly.b Class B greenhouses shall have a minimum design working life for the structure of 15 years, 10 years or5 years and shall be designated as Class B15, B10 or B5 greenhouses accordingly.c Greenhouses clad in glass shall have a minimum design working life of not less than 15 years.d Where expensive crops and/or equipment are present in the greenhouse a design working life of at least10 years is recommended.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001(E)106 Serviceability limit states6.1 Requirements6.1.1 The serviceability of Class A greenhouses, determined in accordance with 6.2 or 6.3, shall be such thatthe serviceability limit states with respect to displacements and deflections, presented in clause 11, are notexceeded under the design values of actions determined in accordance with clause 10.6.2 Design calculations6.2.1 The design calculation methods for serviceability limit states shall be performed in accordance with:- 4.4 of ENV 1992-1-1:1991 for concrete structures;- Clause 4 of ENV 1993-1-1:1992 for steel structures;- Clause 4 of ENV 1993-1-3:1999 for cold formed steel members;- Clause 4 of ENV 1995-1-1:1993 for timber structures;- Clause 2 of ENV 1997-1:1994 for geotechnical design;- Clause 4 of ENV 1999-1-1:1998 for aluminium structures.6.2.2 The material properties shall conform to:- Clause 3 of ENV 1992-1-1:1991 for concrete structures;- Clause 3 of ENV 1993-1-1:1992 for steel structures;- Clause 3 of ENV 1993-1-3:1999 for cold formed steel members;- Clause 3 of ENV 1995-1-1:1993 for timber structures;- Clause 3 of ENV 1997-1:1994 for geotechnical design;- Clause 3 of ENV 1999-1-1:1998 for aluminium structures.6.2.3 The design calculation methods for and properties of other materials may be used provided it can bedemonstrated that the resulting design is suitable for the intended purpose and leads to safe results.6.3 TestingThe serviceability may be determined by testing, provided that the tests are carried out and the test resultsare evaluated, both in accordance with the procedures described in clause 8 of ENV 1991-1:1994.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001 (E)117 Ultimate limit states7.1 Requirements7.1.1 The structural capacity of Class A and Class B greenhouses, determined in accordance with 7.2 or 7.3,shall be such that the ultimate limit states are not exceeded under the design values of actions determined inaccordance with clause 10.7.1.2 Clamping connections that operate by friction between structural members shall be able to transmit theultimate limit state design forces without slipping.7.2 Design calculations7.2.1 The design calculation methods for ultimate limit states shall be performed in accordance with:- 4.3 of ENV 1992-1-1:1991 for concrete structures;- Clause 5 of ENV 1993-1-1:1992 for steel structures;- Clause 5 of ENV 1993-1-3:1999 for cold formed steel members;- Clause 5 of ENV 1995-1-1:1993 for timber structures;- Clause 2 of ENV 1997-1:1997 for geotechnical design;- Clause 5 of ENV 1999-1-1:1998 for aluminium structures;- ENV 1991-1 for steel arches;- Annex A for cladding.NOTEFor steel arches it is referred to ENV 1991-1 because ENV 1993-1-1 does not contain design calculationmethods for arches. In Annex D a design calculation method is given based on research results from tests on tubularsteel arches for film plastic covered tunnels.7.2.2 The material properties shall conform to:- Clause 3 of ENV 1992-1-1:1991 for concrete structures;- Clause 3 of ENV 1993-1-1:1992 for steel structures;- Clause 3 of ENV 1993-1-3:1999 for cold formed steel members;- Clause 3 of ENV 1995-1-1:1993 for timber structures;- Clause 3 of ENV 1997-1:1997 for geotechnical design;- Clause 3 of ENV 1999-1-1:1998 for aluminium structures;- Annex A for cladding.7.2.3 The design calculation methods for and properties of other materials may be used provided it can bedemonstrated that the resulting design is suitable for the intended purpose and leads to safe results.7.3 TestingThe structural capacity may be determined by testing, provided that the tests are carried out and the testresults are evaluated, both in accordance with the procedures described in clause 8 of ENV 1991-1:1994.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001(E)128 Tolerances8.1 General8.1.1 The design calculation methods for greenhouses are valid only if the greenhouse structure conform to8.1, 8.2 and 8.3.8.1.2 The vertical deviation v from the intended position of the gutter at column ends shall be not more thanv;lim, where v;lim is equal to half the intended fall vint of the gutter per bay, with a minimum upper limit of 5 mmand a maximum upper limit of 15 mm (see Figure 1).vintv;2v;1v;limv;lim120 5 10 15 0 10 20 30 vint [mm] v;lim [mm] Key1 Intented position2 Actual positionFigure 1 - Limit for the vertical deviation from the intended position of the gutter at column ends8.1.3 The deviation from the intended inclination of columns in any direction shall be not more than 1/200 or20/h, whichever is smaller, where h is the column length measured between foundation and gutter inmillimetres (see Figure 2).In case the deviation from the intended inclination shall be measured the influence of thermal actions may betaken into account. Unless specified in annex E, the temperature under which the components are made canbe taken as 20 oC.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001 (E)131234Key1 Intended position in design2 Actual position3 Intended inclination4 Deviation from the intended inclinationFigure 2 - Deviation from the intended inclination of a column8.1.4 The deviation from the intended inclination of a foundation pile shall be not more than 1/50.8.1.5 The position of the prefabricated foundation pile within the foundation hole shall be such that (seeFigure 3):- its centre lies within a circle with radius equal to D/5 or 100 mm, whichever is less, of the centre of thefoundation hole;- the distance between the face of the pile and the face of the foundation hole is at least 50 mm or D/8,whichever is larger;where D is the cross sectional dimension of the foundation hole.DD 50 mm D/8 50 mm D/8 D/5 100 mmFigure 3 - Position of the prefabricated foundation pile within the foundation hole8.1.6 The tolerances of glass panels, made of basic soda-lime silicate glass conforming EN 572-1 to EN 572-6,and which are not coated or coated in accordance with EN 1096-1, shall be as follows:SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001(E)14a) Single glass panelsThe tolerance on nominal dimensions for thickness, length and width shall conform as follows:- annealed glass (float glass and drawn sheet glass also known as normal flat glass, patterned glass andwired glass) shall conform to EN 572-1 to EN 572-6;- heat strengthened glass shall conform to EN 1863-1;- thermally toughened safety glass shall conform to EN 12150-1- chemically strengthened glass shall conform to EN 12337-1.The tolerance on nominal dimensions for length and width of annealed glass may deviate from the valuesmentioned in EN 572-1 to EN 572-6, but shall be taken not less than:- 1 mm for float and drawn sheet glass;- 2 mm for patterned glass;- 3 mm for wired glass.b)Laminated glassThe tolerance on nominal dimensions for thickness, length and width shall conform to EN ISO 12543-5.The tolerance on nominal dimensions for length and width may deviate from the values mentioned inEN ISO 12543-5, but shall be taken not less than 3 mm.c)Insulating glass unitsThe tolerance on nominal dimensions for thickness, length and width shall conform to prEN 1279-1:1998.The tolerance on nominal dimensions for length and width may deviate from the values mentioned inprEN 1279-1:1998, but shall be taken not less than 2 mm.8.1.7 Fabrication tolerances of structural steel components shall be in accordance with ENV 1090-1.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001 (E)158.2 Tolerances specific to Class A greenhouses8.2.1 The deviation in horizontal spacing between column bases shall be not more than the values given inTable 2.Table 2 - Maximum allowable deviation in horizontal measures between column basesMeasure (see Figure 4)Maximum deviationDistance between column bases inlength lcb and width bcb direction15 mmTotal length of greenhouse Lgh000 31 Lgh or 30 mm, whichever is greaterTotal width of greenhouse Bgh000 31 Bgh or 30 mm, whichever is greaterbcbBghLghlcbKeyBghwidth of the greenhousebcbdistance between column bases in the width direction of the greenhouseLghlength of the greenhouselcbdistance between column bases in the length direction of the greenhouseFigure 4 - Horizontal spacing between column bases8.2.2 The deviation from the intended inclination of cladding bars in the plane of the cladding
shall be notmore than 1/150 or 12/L, whichever is smaller, where L is the span of the cladding bar in millimetres (seeFigure 5a)).8.2.3 The deviation b from the intended centre-to-centre distance b of the cladding bars on average alongthe bar shall be not more than the value of the tolerance on the nominal dimensions for length and width ofthe cladding panels (see Figure 5b)).SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001(E)1612LLb) deviation from intended distancea) deviation from intended inclinationbbbbKey1 Roof2 WallFigure 5 - Deviation from the intended position of cladding bars8.2.4 During installation of cladding panels, the position of the cladding bars shall be such that the claddingpanels can be installed in a way that damage to those panels is avoided. This can be reached by having aclearance of at least 1 mm to pass any relevant part of the cladding bars.8.2.5 Cladding panels in installed condition shall conform to the following requirements on the support widthsand clearances (see Figure 6):- The distance between the edge of the cladding panel and the further edge of the supporting face of thecladding bar shall be at least 5 mm on average, but nowhere less than 1 mm in any position of the claddingpanel.This condition shall be checked taking account of the position of the panel on the cladding bars, thetolerances on the nominal dimensions for length and width of the cladding panel, the tolerance on the positionof the cladding bars and the panel deformations under actions in accordance with clause 10. For glass panelsthese deformations may be neglected.- The value of the clearance between the net distance of two opposite cladding bars and the accordingdimension of the cladding panel shall be taken not less than 2 mm in both directions.This condition shall be checked taking account of the tolerances on the nominal dimensions for length andwidth of the cladding panel, the position of the cladding bars and the panel deformations under actions inaccordance with clause 10. For glass panels these deformations may be neglected.For the position of the cladding bars it is allowed to take the nominal position provided that the design of theconnections of the cladding bars to the supporting structure makes it possible that the cladding bars can shiftto their nominal position after erection.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001 (E)17 1 mm 5 mm on average15324Key1 Nominal distance + limit for deviation (see 8.2.5)2 Nominal dimension cladding panel - tolerance3 Nominal dimension cladding panel + tolerance4 Cladding bars on nominal position5 ClearanceFigure 6 - Requirements on the support widths and clearances of cladding panels8.3 Tolerances specific to Class B greenhouses8.3.1 The deviation in horizontal spacing between column bases shall be not more than the values given inTable 3.Table 3 - Maximum allowable deviation in horizontal measures between column basesMeasure (see Figure 4)Maximum deviationDistance between column bases in bothlength and width direction30 mmTotal length of greenhouse Lghgh15001L or 60 mm, whichever is greaterTotal width of greenhouse Bghgh15001Bor 60 mm, whichever is greater8.3.2 For monospan arches of Class B5, the deviation from the intended inclination of the arch-plane shall benot more than 1/50.NOTEThese larger tolerances are allowed based on the fact that larger imperfections are used in the design. Seeannex D.SIST EN 13031-1:2004
EN 13031-1:2001(E)189 Durability, maintenance and repair9.1 GeneralThe design calculation methods for greenhouses are valid only if the greenhouse structure conform to 9.2.The paragraphs in 9.3 are related to considerations for safe execution of maintenance and repair.9.2 DurabilityGreenhouse structures shall be protected agains
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