SIST EN 1402-5:2004
(Main)Unshaped refractory products - Part 5: Preparation and treatment of test pieces
Unshaped refractory products - Part 5: Preparation and treatment of test pieces
This standard specifies methods for the preparation and treatment (curing, drying and firing) of test pieces from unshaped refractory materials. The dimensions of the test pieces are specified. The methods are applicable to dense and insulating castables and to mouldable materials (plastics and ramming mixes) with the four types of chemical composition defined in ENV 1402-1.
Ungeformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 5: Herstellung und Behandlung von Probekörpern
Dieser Teil dieser Europäischen Norm legt Verfahren für die Herstellung und Behandlung (Lagern, Trocknen und Brennen) von Probekörpern aus ungeformten feuerfesten Erzeugnissen fest. Die Maße der Probekörper werden festgelegt.
Die Verfahren sind für dichte Feuerbetone, wärmedämmende Feuerbetone und Rammmassen mit den in prEN 1402 1 festgelegten vier Arten der chemischen Zusammensetzung anwendbar.
Produits réfractaires non façonnés - Partie 5: Préparation et traitement des éprouvettes
La présente partie de cette Norme européenne spécifie des méthodes de préparation et de traitement (cure, séchage et cuisson) d'éprouvettes de produits réfractaires non façonnés. Les dimensions des éprouvettes sont spécifiées.
Les méthodes s'appliquent aux bétons denses et isolants ainsi qu'aux matériaux moulables correspondant aux quatre types de compositions chimiques définies par Ie prEN 1402-l.
Neoblikovani ognjevzdržni izdelki - 5. del: Priprava vzorcev za preskus
General Information
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Neoblikovani ognjevzdržni izdelki - 5. del: Priprava vzorcev za preskusUngeformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 5: Herstellung und Behandlung von ProbekörpernProduits réfractaires non façonnés - Partie 5: Préparation et traitement des éprouvettesUnshaped refractory products - Part 5: Preparation and treatment of test pieces81.080Ognjevzdržni materialiRefractoriesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1402-5:2003SIST EN 1402-5:2004en01-maj-2004SIST EN 1402-5:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST ENV 1402-5:20001DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 1402-5October 2003ICS 81.080Supersedes ENV 1402-5:1999English versionUnshaped refractory products - Part 5: Preparation andtreatment of test piecesProduits réfractaires non façonnés - Partie 5: Préparationet traitement des éprouvettesUngeformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 5: Herstellungund Behandlung von ProbekörpernThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 June 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1402-5:2003 ESIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)2ContentspageForeword.4Introduction.51Scope.52Normative references.53Dimensions of test pieces.54Apparatus.64.1Separator.64.2Mixer.64.2.1Pan.64.2.2Mixing blade.74.3Vibrating table.84.4Pneumatic rammer.84.5Sand rammer.84.6Power press.104.7Trowel.104.8Moulds.104.9Balances.114.10Steel lath.114.11Humidity cabinet,.114.12Drying oven,.114.13Firing furnace.114.14Stopwatch or stopclock.114.15Thermometer.114.16Silicon carbide box,.114.17Water.115Preparation of castable test pieces.125.1Dense castables.125.1.1Preparation of the material for shaping.125.1.2Shaping of test pieces.125.2Insulating castables.135.2.1Preparation of the material for shaping.135.2.2Shaping of test pieces.145.2.3Calculation of dry yield density.156Preparation of test pieces from ramming materials.156.1Ramming mixes.156.1.1Preparation of material for shaping.156.1.2Shaping of test pieces.156.2Plastics.166.2.1Preparation of the material for shaping.166.2.2Shaping of the test pieces.167Treatment of test pieces.177.1Castables.177.1.1Curing.177.1.2Drying.177.2Ramming mixes and plastics.187.2.1Alumino-silicate, special and carbon containing products.187.2.2Basic products (including carbon bonded basic ramming mixes).188Firing.19SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)38.1Castables.198.1.1General.198.1.28.1.2 Firing under oxidizing atmosphere.198.1.3Firing under reducing atmosphere.208.2Ramming mixes and plastics.208.2.1Alumino-silicate, special and carbon containing products.208.2.2Carbon bonded basic ramming mixes.219Test report.22Bibliography.23SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)4ForewordThis document (EN 1402-5:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 "Refractory productsand materials", the secretariat of which is held by BSI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by April 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest byApril 2004.This document supersedes ENV 1402-5:1999.EN 1402 “Unshaped refractory products” consists of eight parts:¾ Part 1: Introduction and classification¾ Part 2: Sampling for testing¾ Part 3: Characterization as received¾ Part 4: Determination of consistency of castables¾ Part 5: Preparation and treatment of test pieces¾ Part 6: Measurement of physical properties¾ Part 7: Tests on pre-formed shapes¾ Part 8: Determination of complementary propertiesAccording to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)5IntroductionThe values of the properties obtained using these test-pieces are used to assess the homogeneity of unshapedmaterials. They are reference values which do not necessarily correspond with those obtained in industrialapplications. Other methods of test-piece preparation or treatment, which differ from those specified by thisstandard, can lead to different values.1 Scope This part of this European Standard specifies methods for the preparation and treatment (curing, drying and firing)of test pieces from unshaped refractory materials. The dimensions of the test pieces are specified. The methods are applicable to dense and insulating castables and to ramming materials with the four types ofchemical composition defined in EN 1402-1. The dimensions of the test pieces are stated and the preparation of the mixture, compaction methods, storage andpost-treatment of the test pieces are described.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 993-3, Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 3: Test methods for carbon-containingrefractories. EN 1402-1, Unshaped refractory products - Part 1: Introduction and classification. EN 1402-2, Unshaped refractory products - Part 2: Sampling for testing. EN 1402-4, Unshaped refractory products - Part 4: Determination of consistency of castables.3 Dimensions of test pieces Shape A:
Length: 230 mm; width: 114 mm; thickness: 64 mm; Shape B:
Length: 230 mm; width: 64 mm; thickness: 54 mm; Shape C:
Length: 230 mm; width: 64 mm; thickness: 64 mm. The width of the test piece as tested shall correspond to the height during preparation. The vibration of the testpiece during preparation shall be recorded, and for shape C the compaction surface shall be marked for reference.The selection of test pieces for each type of material shall be as given in Table 1, except that for basic densecastables and ramming materials, test pieces with a diameter of 50 mm and height of 50 mm ± 1 mm arepermissible. Shape C shall be used as the referee shape.SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)6Table 1 — Type of shape for tests Castables Dense Castables Max Grain Size <15 mm
Shape B or C Shape A
Direct Characterization b
X
Other tests
X
Max Grain Size >15 mm Direct Characterization b X a
Other tests
X
Insulating castables
X
RammingMaterials Ramming mixes X
Plastics X
a For these materials, shapes B and C are prepared by cutting from shape A. b Tests for which results are directly obtained from the bars without size modifications are modulus of rupture, coldcompressive strength, and permanent change in dimensions on heating.4 Apparatus4.1Separator A riffle sampler, suitable for use with the maximum particle size of the product, or a shovel for the quarteringmethod. The riffle separation shall be at least 2,5 times the maximum grain size.4.2Mixer4.2.1Pan See Figure 1. The pan shall be symmetrical around axis A and shall have a capacity of 15 l to 30 l. Both the panand the mixing blade (see 4.2.2) shall be constructed from a material that does not react with the test material. SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)7 AB231 Key 1Drive 2Pan 3Mixing bladeFigure 1 — Principle of the mixer4.2.2Mixing blade The shape of the mixing blade shall be adapted to the internal dimensions of the pan. The radius swept shall besuch that the distance between the blade and the wall of the pan and the space between the blade and the bottomof the pan are at least as large as the maximum grain size of the material. For products with a maximum grain sizeof 6 mm or less, the distance between the blade and the wall shall be 6 mm. For products with larger grain sizes(up to 25 mm), the blade is used in a manner such that the distance to the wall of the pan is 25 mm. The mixing blade shall revolve at a speed between 40 r/min and 65 r/min around axis A (the symmetry axis of themixing pan), the blade rotating simultaneously in the opposite direction at a speed between 120 r/min and145 r/min around axis B (symmetry axis of the blade).SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)84.3Vibrating table The vibrating table shall be flat and horizontal and shall perform only uniaxial vertical vibrations at a frequency of50 Hz. The table shall be capable of being set at a double amplitude of 0,75 mm for regular castables and of0,50 mm for deflocculated castables (see EN 1402-1) with an accuracy of ± 0,05 mm for the entire procedure.There shall be an automatic adjustment to the required double amplitude despite the weight of the mould.4.4Pneumatic rammer A compressed-air rammer shall have a rammer foot suitable for the width of the mould and having a smooth, flatworking surface, i.e. 52 mm ´ 25 mm for shape B and 62 mm ´ 25 mm for shape C. The mass of the rammer and the frequency of ramming shall be chosen in order to obtain a prescribed green bulkdensity, which shall be reported in the test report.4.5Sand rammer A device known as a 'sand-rammer' shall be used consisting of a mould 50 mm inside diameter, and 140 mm inlength, a 6,67 kg ± 50 g weight sliding on the shaft of the apparatus and arranged to fall a distance of 50 mmbefore engaging a collar attached to the shaft. At the lower end of the shaft there is a plunger, the diameter ofwhich is about 0,3 mm smaller than the inside diameter of the mould (see Figures 2 and 3).NOTEA more detailed description of this piece of apparatus is given in EN 1402-3.SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)9 Figure 2 — Sand-rammer for shaping ramming mixes test piecesSIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)10
2453Figure 3 — Modification of sand-rammer for workability test4.6Power press A hydraulic type press shall be equipped with suitable moulds for forming test pieces of the required size. Thepress shall be capable of applying a minimum of 10 MPa pressure to the moulded face.NOTEThe power press should only be used for shaping test pieces from plastics.4.7Trowel Pointing type or stiff-bladed spatula shall have a typical size of 150 mm length and 50 mm width.4.8Moulds Moulds shall be capable of being dismantled and shall be watertight. They shall be made from a material that doesnot react with the material to be tested. For compaction by pneumatic rammer, the moulds shall be rigid so that they do not warp during ramming.NOTE 1Steel or similar material is recommended to withstand the stroke of the rammer.SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)11 The internal measurements of the moulds are determined by the dimensions of the test pieces. The surfaces230 mm ´ 64 mm (shapes A and C) and 230 mm ´ 54 mm (shape B) are the horizontal surfaces during thecompaction process. A variation of ± 0,5 mm is allowed for these dimensions. If multi-compartment moulds areused, the size of the mould shall be adapted for the number of test pieces prepared and this shall be indicated inthe test report. In order to overfill the mould, an overfill ring is required for all unshaped materials. This ring shall taper slightlyupwards. For castables, it can at the same time serve as a clamp to the vibrating table. The mould, the overfill ringand the clamp shall have sufficient rigidity to ensure that only the induced vibrations and the required frequencyand amplitude will occur.NOTE 2It is recommended that all internal surfaces of the mould are slightly oiled.4.9Balances Balances shall be used which are capable of weighing up to 25 kg, with an accuracy of ± 10 g, up to 5 kg capableof weighing to the nearest 1 g and up to 500 g with an accuracy of ± 0,1 g.4.10Steel lath Steel lath of typical size 500 mm ´ 30 mm ´ 5 mm shall be used for scraping off overfill after casting.4.11Humidity cabinet, capable of maintaining a relative humidity of 90 % or greater, and of controlling thetemperature between 18 °C and 22 °C.4.12Drying oven, fan-assisted and having openings to enable efficient ventilation.4.13Firing furnace Electric or gas fired furnace shall be used for firing test pieces with a temperature distribution over the hot zone of± 10 °C. The heating rate shall be programmable. Electric firing shall be used as the referee method.4.14Stopwatch or stopclock.4.15Thermometer.4.16Silicon carbide box, with cover, with dimensions such that it is capable of containing 2 or 4 test pieces(shape B or C) with approximately 20 mm spaces between the test pieces, and the test pieces, sides, top andbottom of the box. The box is filled with granules, 0,5 mm to 2 mm in size.NOTEThe wall thickness should be as thin as possible and the thermal conductivity as high as possible to minimize thetemperature gradient.4.17Water Pure mains water with a maximum hardness of 30°.SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)125 Preparation of castable test pieces5.1 Dense castables5.1.1 Preparation of the material for shaping Reduce the amount of material to the required quantity with the riffle sampler or the shovel (see 4.1) in order toobtain the desired batch size for testing and thoroughly mix before use. The batch size depends on the number oftest pieces to be prepared. The number of test pieces to be prepared shall be chosen in accordance withEN 1402-2. In cases where several components are supplied separately, mix each material first carefully by itself, then mix allcarefully together. Before shaping the test pieces, maintain the material at a temperature between 18 °C and 22 °Cfor 24 h. Water or a special mixing liquid (necessary for the mix and supplied by the manufacturer) can be used for mixing.When water is used, pure mains water with a maximum degree of hardness of 30° is used, and its temperaturemaintained between 18 °C and 22 °C. Determine the amount of liquid either by a consistency test in accordance with EN 1402-4, or use the amountstipulated by the manufacturer. Pour the amount of the dry material required into the mixer and mix for 30 s forhomogenization. Add the liquid with an accuracy of 0,1 g per 100 g of dry substance. After having made a crater inthe centre of the material, pour the liquid progressively into the crater and start the mixer. Add the remaining liquidin less than 1 min. Note the relation, E, between the quantity of water and the quantity of dry material (in ml/g). Mix the batch for 2 min in the case of regular castables and for 4 min in the case of defloculated castables. Ifnecessary, switch the mixer off after 2 min mixing time, in order to scrape off the adhering material at the edges ofthe mixer.NOTEThe wet mixing time should not be less than 2 min nor exceed 6 min, depending on the product type or the timerecommended by the manufacturer. Note the temperature of the batch before shaping.5.1.2 Shaping of test pieces5.1.2.1 Compaction by vibration The mix prepared in accordance with the instructions in 5.1.1 is compacted by vibration. The total time for thepreparation of the mix and for making the test pieces shall not exceed 10 min. Fill the mould fitted with its overfill ring, vibrate the mix according to the time and the double amplitude as indicatedin Table 2. During the initial vibration, add material to the mould so that the level of material fills the overfill ring atcompletion of vibration.SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)13Table 2 — Time and double amplitude for compaction by vibration Material Type of castable Total Time ofvibration in min Double amplitude in mm Alumino-silicate
and specialdense castables Regular 1 0,75
Defloculated +Chemically Bonded 5 max. 0,50 a
Basic dense castables b)
4 0,50 a
Carbon containing densecastables Regular 1 0,75
Defloculated +Chemically Bonded 5 max. 0,50 a
a Alternative double amplitudes for these materials can be used by agreement between parties and are reported. b For basic dense castables, the sand rammer can also be used for preparing test pieces (see 6.1.2.2). Check the double amplitude of the vibration table during the compaction process and correct if necessary. Removethe overfill ring and level the surface of the material in the mould with the steel lath (see 4.10). Remove the mouldfrom the vibrating table.5.1.2.2 Compaction by self-flowing The mix prepared according to the instructions as described in 5.1.1 is compacted by free de-airing. The total timefor the preparation of the mix and for making the test-pieces shall not exceed 10 min. Fill the mould, without its overfill ring, with a moderate speed so as to obtain an accurate levelling between the topof the mould and the product. Let it lie without any movement until set, leaving the mould at the same place in thehumidity cabinet (see 4.11) or air-tight plastic bag in the curing room (see 7.1.1).5.2 Insulating castables5.2.1 Preparation of the material for shaping5.2.1.1 General Reduce the amount of the material for shaping with the riffle sampler or the shovel (see 4.1) in order to obtain thedesired batch size for testing and thoroughly mix before use. The batch size depends on the number of test piecesto be prepared. The number of test pieces to be prepared shall be chosen in accordance with EN 1402-2. In cases where several components are supplied separately, mix each material first carefully by itself, then mix allcarefully together. Before the shaping of test pieces, maintain the material for testing at a temperature between18 °C and 22 °C for 24 h. Water or a special mixing liquid (necessary for the mix and supplied by the manufacturer) can be used for mixing.When water is used, pure mains water with a maximum degree of hardness of 30° is to be used, and itstemperature shall be maintained between 18 °C and 22 °C.SIST EN 1402-5:2004
EN 1402-5:2003 (E)14 Determine the amount of liquid by a consistency test in accordance with EN 1402-4 when the castable is shapedby vibration. When the castable is shaped by rodding, use the amount of liquid recommended by the supplier. Addthe liquid with an accuracy of 0,2 g water per 100 g of dry substance. Pour the amount of dry material required either into a trough or into the mixer (see 4.2) and mix for 30 s forhomogenization. Make a crater in the centre of the material and proceed in accordance with either 5.2.1.2 or5.2.1.3. The method of shaping (i.e. rodding or vibration) shall be defined in agreement with the recommendationsof the supplier and in accordance with the consistency test (see EN 1402-4).5.2.1.2 Manual mixing (for compaction by rodding or vibration) Pour the mixing water progressively into the crater and start the manual mixing immediately. Note the relation, E,between the quantity of water and the quantity of dry material (in ml/g). The total time of manual mixing is 5 min.NOTEManual mixing is recommended for lightweight aggregates.5.2.1.3 Mechanical mixing (for compaction by rodding or vibration) Pour the mixing water progressively into the crater and start the mixer immediately. Note the relation, E, between the quantity of water and the quantity of dry material (in ml/g). Mix the batch for between 2 min and 6 min, according to the manufacturer's instructions. If necessary, switch offthe mixer after 2 min mixing time, in order to scrape off the adhering material at the edges of the mixer.5.2.2 Shaping of test pieces5.2.2.1 Compaction by rodding The mix prepared according to the instructions described in 5.2.1.1 and 5.2.1.2 or 5.2.1.3 is compacted by rodding.The total time for the preparation of the mix and for making the test pieces shall not exceed 10 min. Theconsistency of the fresh castable shall be such that no pressure is needed for deformation, but not be so fluid thatsegregation can occur. Weigh the empty mould and record the mass as P1 and note its nominal volume Vm. Fill the mould with its overfillring and carry out the rodding action on the surface with a trowel, down to the bottom of the mould. Move the troweluniformly in the mould, the spatula forming an angle of 45° with the sidewall of the mould. Fill the mould with its overfill ring again and carry out the same operation. After moulding, remove the overfill ringand level the surface of the material in the mould with the steel lath (see 4.10). Smooth the surface without addingany more water. Weigh the mould (P2).5.2.2.2 Compaction by vibration The mix prepared according to the instructions described in 5.2.1.1 and 5.2.1.2 or 5.2.1.3 is compacted byvibration. The total time for the preparation of the mix and for making the test pieces shall not exceed 10 min. Weigh the empty mould and record the mass as P1 and note its nominal volume Vm. Fix it on the vibrating table. Fillthe mould with its overfill ring. Set the double amplitude of the vibrating table for 0,75 mm. Check it during the compaction process and correct ifnecessary. Vibrate the mix for 1 min. During vibration, add material to the mould so that the level of material reaches the top ofthe overfill ring, and continue the vibration to its completion. Remove the overfill ring and level the surface of thematerial in the mould with the stee
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