SIST ENV 12977-2:2002
(Main)Thermal solar systems and components - Custom built systems - Part 2: Test methods
Thermal solar systems and components - Custom built systems - Part 2: Test methods
This European Prestandard applies to small and large custom built solar heating systems with liquid heat transfer medium for residential buildings and similar applications, and gives test methods for verification of the requirements specified in ENV 12977-1.
This Prestandard includes also a method for thermal performance characterization and system performance prediction of small custom built systems by means of component testing and system simulation.
Furthermore, the Prestandard contains methods for thermal performance characterization and system performance prediction of large custom built systems.
This European Prestandard applies to the following types of small custom built solar heating systems:
- systems for domestic hot water preparation only;
- systems for space heating only;
- systems for domestic hot water preparation and space heating.
This European Prestandard applies to large custom built solar heating systems, primarily to solar preheat systems, with one or more storage vessels, heat exchangers, piping and automatic controls and with collector array(s) with forced circulation of fluid in the collector loop.
This Prestandard does not apply to:
- systems with a store medium other than water (e.g. phase-change materials);
- systems for space heating with a distribution fluid other than water for the space heating subsystem (e.g. air systems);
- small custom built systems with a circulation line entering any store having a feedback on the solar heated store.
Principally, systems with circulation line may be tested in accordance to the methods described in this Prestandard, if the connecting port for the circulation line is kept closed during the tests. This should, however, stated in the test report.
Thermische Solaranlagen und ihre Bauteile - Kundenspezifisch gefertigte Anlagen - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren
1 Anwendungsbereich
Diese Europäische Vornorm gilt für kleine und große kundenspezifisch gefertigte thermische Solaranlagen mit flüssigem Wärmeträger, die für den Einsatz in Wohnbauten und ähnliche Anwendungsfälle vorgesehen sind, und gibt Prüfverfahren für die Feststellung der Erfüllung der in ENV 12977-1 festgelegten Anforderungen an.
Diese Vornorm enthält auch ein Verfahren für die Charakterisierung der Wärmeleistung und die Voraussage der zu erwartenden Anlagenleistung kleiner kundenspezifisch gefertigter Anlagen durch Bauteilprüfung und Anlagen-simulation.
Darüber hinaus enthält die Norm Verfahren für die Charakterisierung der Wärmeleistung und die Voraussage der zu erwartenden Leistung großer kundenspezifisch gefertigter Anlagen.
Diese Europäische Vornorm gilt für die folgenden Typen kleiner kundenspezifisch gefertigter thermischer Solar-anlagen:
¾ ausschließlich für die häusliche Warmwasserbereitung verwendete Anlagen;
¾ ausschließlich für die Raumheizung verwendete Anlagen;
¾ für häusliche Warmwasserbereitung und Raumheizung verwendete Anlagen.
Diese Europäische Vornorm gilt für große kundenspezifisch gefertigte thermische Solaranlagen, hauptsächlich für solare Vorwärmanlagen mit einem oder mehreren Speichern, Wärmetauschern, Rohrleitungen und automatischen Reglern und einer oder mehreren Kollektorgruppen mit erzwungener Umwälzung der Flüssigkeit im Kollektor-kreislauf.
Diese Vornorm gilt nicht für:
¾ Anlagen, die ein anderes Speichermedium als Wasser verwenden (z. B. Material für Phasenumwandlung);
¾ Anlagen für die Raumheizung, bei denen das Wärmeträgerfluid für das Raumheizungs-Untersystem ein anderes Fluid als Wasser ist (z. B. Luftsysteme);
¾ kleine kundenspezifisch gefertigte Anlagen, bei denen eine Umlaufleitung in einen beliebigen Speicher eintritt, der eine Rückführung zum solar erwärmten Speicher aufweist.
Installations solaires thermiques et leurs composants - Installations assemblées a façon - Partie 2: Méthodes d'essais
Domaine d'application
La présente Prénorme Européenne s'applique aux petites et grandes installations de chauffage solaire assemblées à façon, à liquide caloporteur, utilisées dans les bâtiments résidentiels et applications similaires, et elle présente des méthodes d'essais permettant de vérifier les exigences spécifiées dans l'ENV 12977-1.
La présente Prénorme comprend également une méthode pour la caractérisation des performances thermiques et la prévision des performances des petites installations assemblées à façon à l'aide d'essais des composants et de simulation de l'installation.
Par ailleurs, la présente Prénorme contient des méthodes pour la caractérisation des performances thermiques et la prévision des performances des grandes installations assemblées à façon.
La présente Prénorme Européenne s'applique aux types suivants de petites installations de chauffage solaire assemblées à façon :
installations pour la production d'eau chaude sanitaire exclusivement ;
installations pour le chauffage des locaux uniquement ;
installations pour la production d'eau chaude et le chauffage des locaux.
La présente Prénorme Européenne s'applique aux grandes installations de chauffage solaire assemblées à façon, principalement aux installations à préchauffage, munies d'une ou de plusieurs cuves de stockage, échangeurs de chaleur, canalisations et dispositifs de régulation automatique, et d'un ou de plusieurs champs de capteurs à circulation forcée de fluide dans la boucle de captage.
La présente Prénorme ne s'applique pas aux :
¾ installations ayant un autre milieu de stockage que l'eau (par exemple, matériaux à changement de phase) ;
¾ installations de chauffage des locaux ayant un autre fluide de distribution que l'eau pour l'installation secondaire de chauffage des locaux (par exemple, installations à air) ;
Toplotni sončni sistemi in sestavni deli - Neserijsko izdelani sistemi - 2. del: Preskusne metode
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2002
7RSORWQLVRQþQLVLVWHPLLQVHVWDYQLGHOL1HVHULMVNRL]GHODQLVLVWHPLGHO
3UHVNXVQHPHWRGH
Thermal solar systems and components - Custom built systems - Part 2: Test methods
Thermische Solaranlagen und ihre Bauteile - Kundenspezifisch gefertigte Anlagen - Teil
2: Prüfverfahren
Installations solaires thermiques et leurs composants - Installations assemblées a façon -
Partie 2: Méthodes d'essais
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ENV 12977-2:2001
ICS:
27.160 6RQþQDHQHUJLMD Solar energy engineering
91.140.10 Sistemi centralnega Central heating systems
ogrevanja
91.140.65 Oprema za ogrevanje vode Water heating equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN PRESTANDARD
ENV 12977-2
PRÉNORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE VORNORM
April 2001
ICS 27.160
English version
Thermal solar systems and components - Custom built systems
- Part 2: Test methods
Installations solaires thermiques et leurs composants - Thermische Solaranlagen und ihre Bauteile -
Installations assemblées à façon - Partie 2: Méthodes Kundenspezifisch gefertigte Anlagen - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren
d'essais
This European Prestandard (ENV) was approved by CEN on 12 March 2001 as a prospective standard for provisional application.
The period of validity of this ENV is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the ENV can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this ENV in the same way as for an EN and to make the ENV available promptly
at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the ENV) until the final
decision about the possible conversion of the ENV into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. ENV 12977-2:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Page 2
Contents
Page
Foreword. 2
Introduction. 2
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references. 6
3 Terms and definitions. 7
4 Symbols and abbreviations. 7
5 System classification . 9
6 Test methods. 9
7 Optional performance test of small custom built solar heating systems . 15
8 Performance test report. 23
Annex A (normative) Reference conditions for performance prediction . 24
Annex B (normative) Testing of solar loop controllers with temperature sensors . 29
Annex C (informative) Short-term system testing. 35
Annex D (informative) Long-term monitoring. 47
Bibliography . 49
Foreword
This European Prestandard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 312 "Thermal
solar systems and components", the secretariat of which is held by ELOT.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to announce this European Prestandard: Austria, Belgium,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United
Kingdom.
The annexes A and B are normative. The annexes C and D are informative.
Introduction
Drinking water quality
In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption,
caused by the product covered by this Prestandard it should be noted that:
a) This Prestandard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without
restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA;
Page 3
b) while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations
concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force.
Factory Made and Custom Built solar heating systems
The standards EN 12976-1 well as EN 12976-2 and the Prestandards ENV 12977-1 to ENV
12977-3 distinguish two categories of solar heating systems: Factory Made solar heating
systems and Custom Built solar heating systems. The classification of a system as Factory
Made or Custom Built is a choice of the final supplier, in accordance with the following
definitions.
Factory Made solar heating systems are batch products with one trade name, sold as
complete and ready to install kits, with fixed configurations. Systems of this category are
considered as a single product and assessed as a whole. If a Factory Made Solar Heating
System is modified by changing its configuration or by changing one or more of its
components, the modified system is considered as a new system for which a new test report is
necessary. Requirements and test methods for Factory Made solar heating systems are given in
EN 12976-1 and EN 12976-2.
Custom Built solar heating systems are either uniquely built, or assembled by choosing from
an assortment of components. Systems of this category are regarded as a set of components.
The components are separately tested and test results are integrated to an assessment of the
whole system. Requirements for Custom Built solar heating systems are given in ENV 12977-
1, test methods are specified in ENV 12977-2 and ENV 12977-3. Custom Built solar heating
systems are subdivided into two categories:
are uniquely designed for a specific situation. In general
Large Custom Built systems
HVAC engineers, manufacturers or other experts design them.
offered by a company are described in a so-called
Small Custom Built systems
assortment file, in which all components and possible system configurations, marketed by
the company, are specified. Each possible combination of a system configuration with
components from the assortment is considered as one Custom Built system.
Table 1 shows the division for different system types:
Table 1 - Division for factory made and custom built solar heating systems
Factory Made Solar Heating Systems Custom Built Solar Heating Systems
(EN 12976-1, -2) (ENV 12977-1, -2, -3)
Integral collector-storage systems for Forced-circulation systems for hot water preparation
domestic hot water preparation and/or space heating, assembled using components
and configurations described in a documentation file
Thermosiphon systems for domestic
hot water preparation (mostly small systems)
Forced-circulation systems as a batch Uniquely designed and assembled systems for hot
product with fixed configuration for water preparation and/or space heating
domestic hot water preparation (mostly large systems)
NOTE 1 Forced circulation systems can be classified either as Factory Made or as Custom Built,
depending on the market approach chosen by the final supplier.
Page 4
NOTE 2 Both Factory Made and Custom Built systems are performance tested under the same set of
reference conditions as specified in annex B of EN 12976-2:2000 and annex A of ENV 12977-2:2001. In practice,
the installation conditions may differ from these reference conditions.
Test methods and procedures for the analysis of large custom built solar heating systems
Quality assurance is of primary importance for large custom built systems. The total investment
cost for such systems is higher than for smaller ones, although the specific investment cost (i.e.,
per m² collector area) is lower. In several European countries, the potential of large custom
built systems from the point of view of conventional energy savings is much larger than for
smaller ones. Moreover, the return-on-investment is in many cases more favorable for large
systems than for small ones. Hence, both the purchasers of large custom built systems and the
governments are interested in efficient, reliable and durable systems, the thermal performance
of which may be accurately predicted, checked and supervised.
The test methods in this Prestandard provide a means of verifying the compliance of large
custom built systems with the requirements in ENV 12977-1.
NOTE 3 Within the framework of the EU ALTENER Programme the project ”Guaranteed Solar Results” (GSR)
is addressing similar objectives in respect of quality assurance (see 7, 8). Similar procedures and monitoring
equipment are used as described in annexes C and D. It might be necessary to update the informative annexes C
and D later on in a revision of this Prestandard when more experience is available, in particular from the GSR
project.
As large custom built systems are by definition unique systems, only general procedures on
how to check and supervise them may be given. An additional difficulty in the formulation of
procedures is the fact that they have to be adapted to the dimension of the large custom built
system considered, which may vary from typically 30 to 30000 m² of collector area. Therefore,
several possible levels of analysis are included (annexes C and D).
The objective of the two short-term system tests presented in annex C is the characterization of
system performance and/or the estimation of the ability of the system to deliver the energy
claimed by the designer. In principle, two approaches for short-term system testing are referred
to in this Prestandard:
a) A simplified check of short-term system performance, carried out by intercomparison of
the measured solar system heat gain with the one predicted by simulation, using the actual
weather and operating conditions as measured during the short-term test.
b) A short-term test for long-term system performance prediction. The performance of the
most relevant components of the solar heating system is measured for a certain time period
while the system is in normal operation. More detailed measurements encompass a) energy
gain of collector array(s) and b) energy balance over storage vessel(s). Intercomparison of
the observed and simulated energy quantities provides the indirect validation of collector
and storage design parameters. The measured data within the collector array are also used
for direct identification of the collector array parameters. As far the component parameters
are verified, the long-term prediction of the system gain as well as the detection of possible
sources of system malfunctioning are possible.
Page 5
Annex D describes a procedure for long-term monitoring as a part of the supervision of a large
custom built solar heating system. The objectives of supervision may be: a) the early
recognition of possible failures of system components, in order to get the maximum benefit
from the initial solar investment as well as to minimize the consumption of non-solar energy
and the resulting environmental impact; b) the measurement of system performance (solar gains
or other system indicators), if requested by a contractual clause, e.g. guaranteed results. The
long-term monitoring in annex D is limited to the solar energy specific aspects, especially to
the determination of the solar contribution to the total heat load. Instrumentation used in the
long-term monitoring should be an integrating part of the system, a part included from the very
beginning of the design process. If adequately foreseen, it may also be used for system
adjustment at start time.
1 Scope
This European Prestandard applies to small and large custom built solar heating systems with
liquid heat transfer medium for residential buildings and similar applications, and gives test
methods for verification of the requirements specified in ENV 12977-1.
This Prestandard includes also a method for thermal performance characterization and system
performance prediction of small custom built systems by means of component testing and
system simulation.
Furthermore, the Prestandard contains methods for thermal performance characterization and
system performance prediction of large custom built systems.
This European Prestandard applies to the following types of small custom built solar heating
systems:
systems for domestic hot water preparation only;
systems for space heating only;
systems for domestic hot water preparation and space heating.
This European Prestandard applies to large custom built solar heating systems, primarily to
solar preheat systems, with one or more storage vessels, heat exchangers, piping and automatic
controls and with collector array(s) with forced circulation of fluid in the collector loop.
This Prestandard does not apply to:
systems with a store medium other than water (e.g. phase-change materials);
systems for space heating with a distribution fluid other than water for the space heating
subsystem (e.g. air systems);
small custom built systems with a circulation line entering any store having a feedback on
the solar heated store.
Principally, systems with circulation line may be tested in accordance to the methods
described in this Prestandard, if the connecting port for the circulation line is kept cl
...
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