SIST EN 13861:2011
(Main)Safety of machinery - Guidance for the application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery
Safety of machinery - Guidance for the application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery
This European Standard provides a methodology to achieve a coherent application of various ergonomics standards for the design of machinery. This standard presents a step model calling upon specific standards. To this end, Annex A shows a reference table with relation between hazards as described in EN ISO 12100:2010 and applicable B-standards related to ergonomics.
This European Standard can only be used in combination with other relevant ergonomics standards.
This European Standard provides guidance where no relevant or suitable ergonomics clauses in C-type standards are available.
This European Standard may also be used for incorporating ergonomics in the drafting of C-type standards.
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Leitfaden für die Anwendung von Ergonomie-Normen bei der Gestaltung von Maschinen
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt eine Methodologie, mit der eine einheitliche Anwendung verschiedener
Ergonomie-Normen bei der Gestaltung von Maschinen erreicht werden kann. Diese Norm erläutert ein
schrittweises Modell, das auf spezielle Normen verweist. Dafür zeigt Anhang A eine Referenztabelle, die die
Zusammenhänge zwischen den Gefährdungen, wie in EN ISO 12100:2010 beschrieben, und den anwendbaren
ergonomierelevanten B-Normen aufzeigt.
Diese Europäische Norm kann nur in Verbindung mit anderen relevanten Ergonomie-Normen Anwendung finden.
Diese Europäische Norm stellt einen Leitfaden zur Verfügung, falls keine entsprechenden oder geeigneten
Ergonomie-Abschnitte in Typ-C-Normen gegeben sind.
Diese Europäische Norm kann darüber hinaus zur Berücksichtigung der Ergonomie bei der Erarbeitung von Typ-CNormen
herangezogen werden.
Sécurité des machines - Guide pour l'application des normes relatives à l'ergonomie dans la conception des machines
La présente Norme européenne fournit une méthodologie permettant d'aboutir à une application cohérente des
diverses normes relatives à l'ergonomie, pour la conception des machines. La présente norme présente un modèle
par étapes s'appuyant sur des normes spécifiques. A cette fin, l'Annexe A contient un tableau de référence
indiquant la relation entre les phénomènes dangereux tels que décrits dans l'EN ISO 12100:2010 et les normes de
type B applicables relatives à l'ergonomie.
La présente Norme européenne ne peut être utilisée qu'en combinaison avec d'autres normes applicables relatives
à l'ergonomie.
La présente Norme européenne fournit un guide lorsque les normes de type C ne comportent pas d'articles
applicables ou adéquats relatifs à l'ergonomie.
La présente Norme européenne peut également être utilisée pour introduire l'ergonomie dans l'élaboration des
normes de type C.
Varnost strojev - Navodila za uporabo ergonomskih standardov pri načrtovanju strojev
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.QDþUWRYDQMXVWURMHYSicherheit von Maschinen - Leitfaden für die Anwendung von Ergonomie-Normen bei der Gestaltung von MaschinenSécurité des machines - Guide pour l'application des normes relatives à l'ergonomie dans la conception des machinesSafety of machinery - Guidance for the application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery13.180ErgonomijaErgonomics13.110Varnost strojevSafety of machineryICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13861:2011SIST EN 13861:2011en,fr,de01-december-2011SIST EN 13861:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13861:20031DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13861:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13861
October 2011 ICS 13.110; 13.180 Supersedes EN 13861:2002English Version
Safety of machinery - Guidance for the application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery
Sécurité des machines - Guide pour l'application des normes relatives à l'ergonomie dans la conception des machines
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Leitfaden für die Anwendung von Ergonomie-Normen bei der Gestaltung von MaschinenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 September 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13861:2011: ESIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3Introduction . 41Scope . 52Normative references . 53Terms and definitions . 54Application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery . 64.1Introduction . 64.2Process for guidance to the appropriate ergonomics standards . 64.2.1General . 64.2.2Step 1: Hazard analysis and risk estimation . 64.2.3Step 2: Investigation of applicability of standards . 74.2.4Step 3: Evaluation of the risks using relevant ergonomics standards . 74.2.5Step 4: Risk reduction using the various standards . 84.2.6Step 5: Verification . 85Information for use . 10Annex A (normative)
Relation between hazards as described in EN ISO 12100 and applicable B-standards related to ergonomics . 11Annex B (informative)
Checklist for listing the limits of the machinery (step 1) . 21B.1General . 21B.2External preconditions . 22B.2.1User limits . 22B.2.2Space limits . 23B.2.3Time limits . 23B.2.4Environmental conditions (of the intended work sites, NOT related to the machinery design) . 23B.3Work tasks (man/machine interface) . 23B.3.1Intended and expected use . 23B.3.2Expected use of personal protective equipment . 24B.3.3Foreseeable misuse in terms of ergonomics (EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.24) . 24Annex C (informative)
Additional requirements for C-type standardization . 25C.1General . 25C.2To Clause 1 “Scope” . 25C.3To 4.2.3, “Step 2: Investigation of applicability of standards” . 25C.4To 4.2.4,“Step 3: Evaluation of the risks using relevant ergonomics standards” . 25C.5To 4.2.5, “Step 4: Risk reduction using the various standards” . 25C.6To 4.2.6, “Step 5: Verification” . 25C.7Requirements for residual risks . 26Annex D (informative)
List of ergonomics standards applicable to the design of machinery safety standards . 27Bibliography . 44
SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13861:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13861:2002. This document is intended to provide guidance for standardisers and manufacturers seeking to deal with the ergonomic requirements defined in EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.2.8, 6.3.2 and 5.3.2. During the development of this document the Technical Committee has referred to the recommendations made within CEN/CENELEC Guide 6 to address the specific needs of older persons and persons with disabilities. Annex A is normative; Annexes B, C and D are informative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 4 Introduction The designer of machinery is under an obligation to assess the risks during all phases of the life cycle of the machinery (see EN ISO 12100:2010, Clause 4). This includes knowledge and experience of the design, use, incidents, accidents and harm. This European Standard elaborates EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B as far as ergonomics are concerned. This standard refers to European and International ergonomics Standards in the various relevant fields. The standards for ergonomic design of machinery, as referred to in this document, can help to avoid or reduce numerous hazards and risks, as assessed at the design stage, whilst considering the intended use, the expected use and the foreseeable misuse of the machinery. SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard provides a methodology to achieve a coherent application of various ergonomics standards for the design of machinery. This standard presents a step model calling upon specific standards. To this end, Annex A shows a reference table with relation between hazards as described in EN ISO 12100:2010 and applicable B-standards related to ergonomics. This European Standard can only be used in combination with other relevant ergonomics standards. This European Standard provides guidance where no relevant or suitable ergonomics clauses in C-type standards are available. This European Standard may also be used for incorporating ergonomics in the drafting of C-type standards (see Annex C for further information). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including amendments) applies. EN 614-1, Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 1: Terminology and general principles EN 614-2, Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 2: Interactions between the design of machinery and work tasks EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery General principles for design Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) CEN Guide 414:2004, Safety of machinery Rules for the drafting and presentation of safety standards 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply: 3.1 ergonomics
human factors scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of the interactions among human and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance (IEA1), 2000) NOTE Adapted from prEN ISO 26800:2011. 3.2 machinery machine assembly, fitted with or intended to be fitted with a drive system consisting of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves, and which are joined together for a specific application
1) International Ergonomics Association. SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 6 NOTE 1 The term "machinery" also covers an assembly of machines which, in order to achieve the same end, are arranged and controlled so that they function as an integral whole. NOTE 2 EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex A provides a general schematic representation of a machine. [EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.1] 3.3 operator person or persons installing, operating, adjusting, maintaining, cleaning, repairing or moving machinery
[Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, Annex I, 1.1.1] 4 Application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery 4.1 Introduction This standard provides a step-by-step approach for the application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery. Users of this standard should select and use a C-type standard for that particular machine. For issues related to ergonomics the described step model may be used as guidance through the process of selecting the appropriate B-type ergonomics standards, whilst carrying out a risk assessment according to EN ISO 12100. 4.2 Process for guidance to the appropriate ergonomics standards 4.2.1 General The guidance process is based on the general procedures for dealing with safety clauses. EN ISO 12100 provides a description of basic hazards, describes intrinsic design measures, and gives a list of examples for hazards, hazardous situations, and hazardous events that occur when using machinery. In order to meet the essential health and safety requirements, the machinery shall be designed in accordance with EN 614-1 and EN 614-2. The following step model gives a methodology to achieve a coherent application of various ergonomics standards (see Figure 1). 4.2.2 Step 1: Hazard analysis and risk estimation Specify the limits of the machine with respect to ergonomics. Identify the hazards present at the machine during all modes of operation and at each stage in life of the machine by following the guidance in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4. Ergonomic aspects of machinery can only be assessed, evaluated and verified when all intended interchangeable equipment of the machinery are known. Ergonomics requirements are necessary when considering 'the operator' and 'the exposed persons'. Specifying the limits of the machinery during the life cycle phases as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.3, involves the following ergonomics aspects: SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 7 Table 1 — Ergonomic aspects for specifying the limits of the machinery External preconditions (characteristics and restrictions) Work tasks (man/machine interface) Use limits (user groups) Intended and expected types of jobs Space limits Expected use of personal protective equipment Time limits duration frequency Foreseeable misuse Environmental conditions
climate noise, lighting vibration dust, fume or other nuisances
Annex B provides a checklist for listing the limits of the machinery. 4.2.3 Step 2: Investigation of applicability of standards Specify if a specific C-type standard exists. Check in the relevant C-type standard if the hazards generated by neglecting ergonomics principles and related risks are dealt with. Check which B-type standards may be used instead of or in addition to the relevant C-type standard. If a relevant C-type standard is found, this should be followed first. Where appropriate, these C-type standards refer to A- and B-type standards for reduction of risks, which are likely to occur with the machinery involved. If no suitable C-type standard is available, or if the C-type standard concerned does not cover ergonomics related risks sufficiently, see Annex A for relevant B-type standards. 4.2.4 Step 3: Evaluation of the risks using relevant ergonomics standards Assess the remaining risks related to ergonomics. Check whether these risks are relevant. Consider the ergonomics standards mentioned in relation to the relevant risks (see Annex A). Check if these standards have been used to optimize the design of machinery. SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 8 In order to carry out the risk evaluation, the respective horizontal B-type standards on general and specific ergonomics related risks shall be considered. These standards are classified in Annex A (a short description of these standards can be found in Annex D). Ergonomics related risks are significant if a human being and the machinery are part of a common work system (man machine interface). This interaction involves a mutual role as an interface as a tool, a fixture, an energy source or a link in a safety chain. See EN 614-1 and EN 614-2. 4.2.5 Step 4: Risk reduction using the various standards Use one of the following alternatives: a solution as described in a C-type standard which refers to B-type standards for ergonomics where relevant; relevant B-type standards for ergonomics where no C-type standard is available; other (additional) references, related to ergonomics. All the relevant and significant risks shall be reduced. However, there may be one or more reasons why some risks cannot be dealt with, e.g. there is no information available or the standard is restricted to some specific items. If the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) has to be taken into account when designing the machine, an additional risk assessment shall be carried out in order to check that all essential health and safety requirements, including ergonomics, have been satisfied. 4.2.6 Step 5: Verification Check if all relevant and significant ergonomic related risks have been removed or reduced with the help of applicable standards. Check if there are significant risks that are not covered by any standard or other technical specification. In that case, (re)design the man machine interface in accordance with EN 614-1 and EN 614-2. SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 9
Figure 1 — Flowchart of the step model SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 10 5 Information for use All residual ergonomics risks, which cannot be reduced sufficiently with help of specific C-type standards, horizontal B-type standards or other technical specifications, shall be dealt with in the user instructions for the machinery or in the chapter dealing with user instructions of the relevant C-type standard as stated in CEN Guide 414:2004, 6.10. Any limitation in the use of the machinery shall be mentioned in these specifications. In addition, safety signs or pictograms may be prescribed. SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 11 Annex A (normative)
Relation between hazards as described in EN ISO 12100 and applicable B-standards related to ergonomics Table A.1
Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods
3 Thermal hazards
Flames or explosions and also by the radiation of heat sources EN ISO 13732-1
EN ISO 13732-1
EN ISO 13732-1 EN ISO 13732-1
Hot or cold surfaces and work environment EN ISO 13731c EN 27243c EN ISO 7730c EN ISO 11079c
EN ISO 7933c EN ISO 7726c EN ISO 8996c EN ISO 11064-6c EN ISO 13732-1 EN ISO 13732-3 SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 12
Table A.1 (continued) Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods 4 Noise hazards
Hearing loss (deafness), other physiological disorders EN 1746c EN ISO 11688-1 EN ISO 11688-2c EN ISO 11690-1c ISO 1999a, c
EN ISO 11688-1 EN ISO 11688-2c EN ISO 11690-2c
EN ISO 11200 EN ISO 11201 EN ISO 11204 EN ISO 3744 EN ISO 4871 Interference with speech communication, acoustic signals, etc. EN 1746c EN ISO 7731a
EN 894-2 EN ISO 11690-1c EN ISO 9921c EN ISO 11688-1 EN ISO 11688-2c EN ISO 11690-2c EN ISO 3744 EN ISO 4871 EN ISO 11200 EN ISO 11201 EN ISO 11204 SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 13
Table A.1 (continued) Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods
Noise at the work position EN 1746c EN 547-1 EN 547-2 EN 547-3 EN 1005-4 EN ISO 11201
EN ISO 11688-1 EN ISO 11688-2c EN ISO 11690-1c EN ISO 14738 ISO 1999a, c EN ISO 11688-1 EN ISO 11688-2c EN ISO 11690-2c EN ISO 11200 EN ISO 11201
EN ISO 11202
EN ISO 11203
EN ISO 11204
EN ISO 11064-6c 5 Vibration hazards
Use of hand-held machines CR 12349c EN ISO 5349-1c ISO 2041c ISO 5805c
EN ISO 20643 EN ISO 5349-1c EN 28662-1c
CR 1030-1c EN ISO 20643 EN ISO 5349-1c EN ISO 8041c EN ISO 5349-2c ISO 2631-1c SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 14
Table A.1 (continued) Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods
Whole body vibration, particularly when combined with poor postures EN 1032 CR 12349c EN 12786c ISO 2041c ISO 2631-1c ISO 5805c ISO 8727c EN 1032
EN 1299 EN 1032 EN ISO 8041c EN 30326-1c Vibration at the work position EN 12786c EN ISO 5349-1 ISO 2041c ISO 5805c EN 547-1 EN 547-2 EN 547-3 EN ISO 14738 EN ISO 5349-1c
CR 1030-1c EN ISO 20643 EN ISO 5349-1c EN ISO 8041c EN ISO 5349-2c ISO 2631-1c SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 15
Table A.1 (continued) Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods 6 Radiation hazards
Low frequency, radio frequency radiation, microwaves EN 12198-1
EN 12198-1
8 Ergonomic hazards Unhealthy postures or excessive effort EN 614-1 EN 1005-1 EN ISO 7250-1 EN ISO 9241-5c EN 547-1 EN 547-2 EN 547-3 EN 614-1 EN 1005-2 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4
EN 1005-5c EN ISO 14738 EN 60204-1 EN ISO 9241-5c
EN 547-2
EN 1005-2 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4 EN 1005-5c EN ISO 7250-1 EN ISO 11064-2c EN ISO 14738 EN ISO 11064-4c EN ISO 14122-4 EN 1005-2 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4
EN 1005-5c EN ISO 15537c EN ISO 15535c
SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 16 Table A.1 (continued) Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods Inadequate consideration of hand-arm and foot-leg anatomy EN 614-1 EN 1005-1 EN ISO 7250-1 EN 547-1 EN 547-2 EN 547-3 EN 614-1 EN ISO 14738 EN 60204-1
EN 547-2
EN 1005-2 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4 EN 1005-5c EN ISO 7250-1 EN ISO 11064-2c EN ISO 14738
EN 1005-2 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4 EN 1005-5c EN ISO 15535c EN ISO 15537c Inadequate local lighting EN 614-1 EN 842 EN 894-2 EN 894-3 EN 12665c ISO 8995-1c
EN 614-1 EN 842 EN 894-2 EN 894-3 EN 894-4 EN 1837 EN 12464-1c EN 12464-2c EN 60204-1 EN 61310-1 EN ISO 11064-2c ISO 8995-1c EN 12464-1c EN 12464-2c EN 842 ISO 8995-1c EN ISO 11064-6c EN 12464-1c EN 12464-2c SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 17 Table A.1 (continued) Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods Mental overload and underload EN 614-1 EN ISO 10075-1c EN ISO 9241-11c EN 614-1 EN 614-2 EN 894-4 EN ISO 10075-2c EN ISO 9241-11c EN 614-2
Human error, human behaviour EN ISO 7731 EN 614-1 EN 614-2 EN 842 EN 894-1 EN 894-2 EN 894-3 EN 981
EN ISO 7731 EN 614-1 EN 614-2 EN 842 EN 894-1 EN 894-2 EN 894-3 EN 894-4 EN 981
EN 60204-1 EN 61310-1 EN 61310-2 EN 61310-3
EN ISO 7731 EN 842 EN 894-3 EN 981 Fall of persons during access to (or at/from) the work position EN 614-1 EN ISO 7250-1 EN 547-1 EN 547-2 EN 547-3 EN 614-1 EN ISO 14738
EN ISO 15537c SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 18 Table A.1 (continued) Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods
Insufficient visibility from the work position EN 614-1 EN 842 EN 894-2 EN 894-3 EN ISO 9241-300c EN ISO 9241-303c
EN 614-1 EN 61310-1 EN 61310-2 EN 842 EN 894-2 EN 894-4 EN ISO 9241-300c EN ISO 9241-303c
EN ISO 9241-306c EN 894-3 EN ISO 9241-306c Inadequate lighting EN 614-1 EN 12665c ISO 8995-1c EN ISO 9241-6c EN 614-1 EN 1837 ISO 8995-1c EN ISO 9241-6c EN 12464-1c EN 12464-2c EN 12464-1c EN 12464-2c ISO 8995-1c EN 12464-1c EN 12464-2c
Inadequate seating EN 614-1 EN 1005-1 EN ISO 7250-1 EN ISO 9241-5c EN 614-1 EN 1005-4 EN ISO 14738 EN 60204-1 EN ISO 9241-5c EN ISO 11064-4c EN ISO 14738 EN 1005-4 EN ISO 15537c SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 19 Table A.1 (continued) Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods Inadequate location of controls/ control devices EN 614-1 EN 894-2 EN 894-3 EN 894-4 EN 1005-1 EN ISO 7250-1 EN 614-1 EN 894-2 EN 894-3 EN 894-4 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4 EN ISO 14738 EN 61310-2 EN 60204-1 EN ISO 14738 EN 894-3 EN 894-4 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4 EN ISO 15537c Inadequate design of the actuation mode and/or action mode of controls EN 614-1 EN 894-2 EN 894-3 EN 894-4 EN 1005-1 EN ISO 9241-110c EN 547-1 EN 547-2 EN 547-3 EN 614-1 EN 894-2 EN 894-3 EN 894-4 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4 EN 61310-2 EN 60204-1 EN ISO 9241-110c EN 894-2 EN 894-4
EN 894-3 EN 894-4 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4 SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 20 Table A.1 (continued) Number of EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Type or groupa
Example of hazardsb
Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Origin EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B Definition Requirements/ design process Measures Verification or testing methods
Insufficient visibility from the driving position EN 614-1 EN 1005-1 EN ISO 7250-1 EN 547-1 EN 547-2 EN 547-3 EN 614-1 EN 894-2 EN 1005-4 EN ISO 14738 EN 60204-1 EN ISO 14738 EN 1005-4 EN ISO 15537c a Only the clauses relating to ergonomics standards are included. b For a detailed description of origin and potential consequences of hazards see EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B. c Standards that provide additional information beyond type-B standards according to CEN Guide 414.
SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 21 Annex B (informative)
Checklist for listing the limits2) of the machinery (step 1) B.1 General Prior conditions Life cycle phases
Construction Transport and commissioning assembly, installation adjustment Use
setting, teaching/ programming or process changeover operation cleaning fault finding intervention resulting from malfunction maintenance De-commissioning, dismantling, disposal External preconditions (characteristics and restrictions)
User limits
(user groups)
Space limits
Time limits duration
frequency
2) As defined in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.3. SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 22
Prior conditions Life cycle phases
Construction Transport and commissioning Use De-commissioning, dismantling, disposal Environmental factors, e.g.: temperature humidity air velocity noise vibration lighting radiation dusts gases vapours bacteria viruses nanoparticles
Work tasks (man/machine interface)
Intended and expected use
Expected use of personal protective equipment
Foreseeable misuse
B.2 External preconditions B.2.1 User limits Characteristics of an intended user group (the population that will use the machine) related to gender, age, skills, experience, abilities or temporal changes of physical and mental capabilities, including: younger, older and disabled persons, hand dominance, limiting abilities (such as visual/hearing impairments, size, strength, endurance); professional users, trainees and apprentices, general public; working hours or influence of other persons, e. g. workers in the vicinity, visitors, clients. SIST EN 13861:2011
EN 13861:2011 (E) 23 B.2.2 Space limits The aspects to take into account include: the space required to install, to operate (including change of posture), to maintain, to clean and to repair; to dismantle the machine and the power supply; the space to access the machine and all its parts; the space inside the machine for body postures (e.g. driving positions); the range of motion of the operators and the working tools. B.2.3 Time limits The aspects to take into account include:
the estimated duration and frequency of technical functioning of the machine; the duration and frequency of daily operation and/or supervision by the operators; the recommended service intervals. B.2.4 Environmental conditions (of the intended work sites, NOT related to the machinery design) In addition to the environmental f
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST FprEN 13861:2011
01-julij-2011
9DUQRVWVWURMHY1DYRGLOD]DXSRUDERHUJRQRPVNLKVWDQGDUGRYSULQDþUWRYDQMX
VWURMHY
Safety of machinery - Guidance for the application of ergonomics standards in the design
of machinery
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Leitfaden für die Anwendung von Ergonomie-Normen bei der
Gestaltung von Maschinen
Sécurité des machines - Guide pour l'application des normes relatives à l'ergonomie
dans la conception des machines
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprEN 13861
ICS:
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
kSIST FprEN 13861:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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kSIST FprEN 13861:2011
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kSIST FprEN 13861:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
FINAL DRAFT
FprEN 13861
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2011
ICS 13.110; 13.180 Will supersede EN 13861:2002
English Version
Safety of machinery - Guidance for the application of
ergonomics standards in the design of machinery
Sécurité des machines - Guide pour l'application des Sicherheit von Maschinen - Leitfaden für die Anwendung
normes relatives à l'ergonomie dans la conception des von Ergonomie-Normen bei der Gestaltung von Maschinen
machines
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the Technical
Committee CEN/TC 122.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprEN 13861:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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FprEN 13861:2011 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery . 6
4.1 Introduction . 6
4.2 Process for guidance to the appropriate ergonomics standards . 6
4.2.1 General . 6
4.2.2 Step 1: Hazard analysis and risk estimation . 6
4.2.3 Step 2: Investigation of applicability of standards . 7
4.2.4 Step 3: Evaluation of the risks using relevant ergonomics standards . 7
4.2.5 Step 4: Risk reduction using the various standards . 8
4.2.6 Step 5: Verification . 8
5 Information for use . 10
Annex A (normative) Relation between hazards as described in EN ISO 12100 and applicable B-
standards related to ergonomics . 11
Annex B (informative) Checklist for listing the limits of the machinery (step 1) . 21
B.1 General . 21
B.2 External preconditions . 22
B.2.1 User limits . 22
B.2.2 Space limits . 23
B.2.3 Time limits . 23
B.2.4 Environmental conditions (of the intended work sites, NOT related to the machinery design) . 23
B.3 Work tasks (man/machine interface) . 23
B.3.1 Intended and expected use . 23
B.3.2 Expected use of personal protective equipment . 24
B.3.3 Foreseeable misuse in terms of ergonomics (EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.24) . 24
Annex C (informative) Additional requirements for C-type standardization . 25
C.1 General . 25
C.2 To Clause 1 “Scope” . 25
C.3 To 4.2.3, “Step 2: Investigation of applicability of standards” . 25
C.4 To 4.2.4,“Step 3: Evaluation of the risks using relevant ergonomics standards” . 25
C.5 To 4.2.5, “Step 4: Risk reduction using the various standards” . 25
C.6 To 4.2.6, “Step 5: Verification” . 25
C.7 Requirements for residual risks . 26
Annex D (informative) List of ergonomics standards applicable to the design of machinery safety
standards . 27
Bibliography . 44
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Foreword
This document (FprEN 13861:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure.
This document will supersede EN 13861:2002.
This document is intended to provide guidance for standardisers and manufacturers seeking to deal with the
ergonomic requirements defined in EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.2.8, 6.3.2 and 5.3.2.
During the development of this document the Technical Committee has referred to the recommendations made
within CEN/CENELEC Guide 6 to address the specific needs of older persons and persons with disabilities.
Annex A is normative; Annexes B, C and D are informative.
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Introduction
The designer of machinery is under an obligation to assess the risks during all phases of the life cycle of the
machinery (see EN ISO 12100:2010, Clause 4). This includes knowledge and experience of the design, use,
incidents, accidents and harm.
This European Standard elaborates EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B as far as ergonomics are concerned. This
standard refers to European and International ergonomics Standards in the various relevant fields.
The standards for ergonomic design of machinery, as referred to in this document, can help to avoid or reduce
numerous hazards and risks, as assessed at the design stage, whilst considering the intended use, the expected
use and the foreseeable misuse of the machinery.
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1 Scope
This European Standard provides a methodology to achieve a coherent application of various ergonomics
standards for the design of machinery. This standard presents a step model calling upon specific standards. To this
end, Annex A shows a reference table with relation between hazards as described in EN ISO 12100:2010 and
applicable B-standards related to ergonomics.
This European Standard can only be used in combination with other relevant ergonomics standards.
This European Standard provides guidance where no relevant or suitable ergonomics clauses in C-type standards
are available.
This European Standard may also be used for incorporating ergonomics in the drafting of C-type standards.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
amendments) applies.
EN 614-1, Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 1: Terminology and general principles
EN 614-2, Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 2: Interactions between the design of
machinery and work tasks
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery General principles for design Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
CEN Guide 414:2004, Safety of machinery Rules for the drafting and presentation of safety standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply:
3.1
ergonomics
human factors
scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of the interactions among human and other elements of a
system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human
1)
well-being and overall system performance (IEA , 2000)
NOTE Adapted from prEN ISO 26800:2009.
3.2
machinery
machine
assembly, fitted with or intended to be fitted with a drive system consisting of linked parts or components, at least
one of which moves, and which are joined together for a specific application
1) International Ergonomics Association.
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NOTE 1 The term "machinery" also covers an assembly of machines which, in order to achieve the same end, are arranged
and controlled so that they function as an integral whole.
NOTE 2 EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex A provides a general schematic representation of a machine.
[EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.1]
3.3
operator
person or persons installing, operating, adjusting, maintaining, cleaning, repairing or moving machinery
[Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, Annex 1, 1.1.1]
4 Application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery
4.1 Introduction
This standard provides a step-by-step approach for the application of ergonomics standards in the design of
machinery. Users of this standard should select and use a C-type standard for that particular machine. For issues
related to ergonomics the described step model may be used as guidance through the process of selecting the
appropriate B-type ergonomics standards, whilst carrying out a risk assessment according to EN ISO 12100.
4.2 Process for guidance to the appropriate ergonomics standards
4.2.1 General
The guidance process is based on the general procedures for dealing with safety clauses. EN ISO 12100 provides
a description of basic hazards, describes intrinsic design measures, and gives a list of examples for hazards,
hazardous situations, and hazardous events that occur when using machinery. In order to meet the essential health
and safety requirements, the machinery shall be designed in accordance with EN 614-1 and EN 614-2.
The following step model gives a methodology to achieve a coherent application of various ergonomics standards.
4.2.2 Step 1: Hazard analysis and risk estimation
Specify the limits of the machine with respect to ergonomics.
Identify the hazards present at the machine during all modes of operation and at each stage in life of the
machine by following the guidance in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
Ergonomic aspects of machinery can only be assessed, evaluated and verified when all intended interchangeable
equipment of the machinery are known. Ergonomics requirements are necessary when considering 'the operator'
and 'the exposed persons'.
Specifying the limits of the machinery during the life cycle phases as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.3,
involves the following ergonomics aspects:
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Table 1 — Ergonomic aspects for specifying the limits of the machinery
External preconditions Work tasks
(characteristics and restrictions) (man/machine interface)
Use limits (user groups) Intended and expected types of jobs
Space limits Expected use of personal protective
equipment
Time limits Foreseeable misuse
duration
frequency
Environmental conditions
climate
noise, lighting
vibration
dust, fume or other nuisances
Annex B provides a checklist for listing the limits of the machinery.
4.2.3 Step 2: Investigation of applicability of standards
Specify if a specific C-type standard exists.
Check in the relevant C-type standard if the hazards generated by neglecting ergonomics principles and
related risks are dealt with.
Check which B-type standards may be used instead of or in addition to the relevant C-type standard.
If a relevant C-type standard is found, this should be followed first. Where appropriate, these C-type standards refer
to A- and B-type standards for reduction of risks, which are likely to occur with the machinery involved. If no
suitable C-type standard is available, or if the C-type standard concerned does not cover ergonomics related risks
sufficiently, see Annex A for relevant B-type standards.
4.2.4 Step 3: Evaluation of the risks using relevant ergonomics standards
Assess the remaining risks related to ergonomics.
Check whether these risks are relevant.
Consider the ergonomics standards mentioned in relation to the relevant risks (see Annex A).
Check if these standards have been used to optimize the design of machinery.
In order to carry out the risk evaluation, the respective horizontal B-type standards on general and specific
ergonomics related risks shall be considered. These standards are classified in Annex A.
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Ergonomics related risks are significant if a human being and the machinery are part of a common work system
(man machine interface). This interaction involves a mutual role as an interface as a tool, a fixture, an energy
source or a link in a safety chain. See EN 614-1 and EN 614-2.
4.2.5 Step 4: Risk reduction using the various standards
Use one of the following alternatives:
a solution as described in a C-type standard which refers to B-type standards for ergonomics where relevant;
relevant B-type standards for ergonomics where no C-type standard is available;
other (additional) references, related to ergonomics.
All the relevant and significant risks shall be reduced. However, there may be one or more reasons why some risks
cannot be dealt with, e.g. there is no information available or the standard is restricted to some specific items.
If the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) has to be taken into account when designing the machine, an
additional risk assessment shall be carried out in order to check that all essential health and safety requirements,
including ergonomics, have been satisfied.
4.2.6 Step 5: Verification
Check if all relevant and significant ergonomic related risks have been removed or reduced with the help of
applicable standards.
Check if there are significant risks that are not covered by any standard or other technical specification. In that
case, (re)design the man machine interface in accordance with EN 614-1 and EN 614-2.
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Figure 1 — Flowchart of the step model
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5 Information for use
All residual ergonomics risks, which cannot be reduced sufficiently with help of specific C-type standards, horizontal
B-type standards or other technical specifications, shall be dealt with in the user instructions for the machinery or in
the chapter dealing with user instructions of the relevant C-type standard as stated in CEN Guide 414:2004, 6.10.
Any limitation in the use of the machinery shall be mentioned in these specifications. In addition, safety signs or
pictograms may be prescribed.
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Annex A
(normative)
Relation between hazards as described in EN ISO 12100 and applicable B-standards related to ergonomics
Table A.1
b
Example of hazards
a
Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
Number of
EN ISO 12100:
2010, Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
3 Thermal hazards Flames or explosions EN ISO 13732-1 EN ISO 13732-1 EN ISO 13732-1 EN ISO 13732-1
and also by the
radiation of heat
sources
c c c
Hot or cold surfaces EN ISO 13731 EN 27243 EN ISO 7933
c c
and work environment EN ISO 7730 EN ISO 7726
c c
EN ISO 11079 EN ISO 8996
c
EN ISO 11064-6
EN ISO 13732-1
EN ISO 13732-3
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Table A.1 (continued)
b
Example of hazards
a
Number of Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
EN ISO 12100:
2010, Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
c
EN 1746 EN ISO 11688-1 EN ISO 11688-1 EN ISO 11200
4 Noise hazards Hearing loss
c c
EN ISO 11688-2 EN ISO 11688-2 EN ISO 11201
(deafness), other
c c
EN ISO 11690-1 EN ISO 11690-2 EN ISO 11204
physiological
a, c
ISO 1999 EN ISO 3744
disorders
EN ISO 4871
c a
EN 1746 EN ISO 7731 EN ISO 11688-1 EN ISO 3744
Interference with
c
EN 894-2 EN ISO 11688-2 EN ISO 4871
speech
c c
EN ISO 11690-1 EN ISO 11690-2 EN ISO 11200
communication,
c
EN ISO 9921 EN ISO 11201
acoustic signals, etc.
EN ISO 11204
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Table A.1 (continued)
b
Example of hazards
a
Number of Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
EN ISO
12100:2010,
Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
c
EN ISO 11688-1
EN 1746 EN 547-1 EN ISO 11200
Noise at the work
c
EN ISO 11688-2
EN 547-2 EN ISO 11201
position
c
EN ISO 11690-2
EN 547-3 EN ISO 11202
EN 1005-4 EN ISO 11203
EN ISO 11201 EN ISO 11204
c
EN ISO 11688-1 EN ISO 11064-6
c
EN ISO 11688-2
c
EN ISO 11690-1
EN ISO 14738
a, c
ISO 1999
c c
CR 12349 EN ISO 20643 CR 1030-1 EN ISO 20643
5 Vibration Use of hand-held
c c c
EN ISO 5349-1 EN ISO 5349-1 EN ISO 5349-1
hazards machines
c c c
ISO 2041 EN 28662-1 EN ISO 8041
c c
ISO 5805 EN ISO 5349-2
c
ISO 2631-1
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Table A.1 (continued)
b
Example of hazards
a
Number of Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
EN ISO
12100:2010,
Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
EN 1032 EN 1032 EN 1299 EN 1032
Whole body vibration,
c c
EN ISO 8041
CR 12349
particularly when
c c
EN 12786 EN 30326-1
combined with poor
c
ISO 2041
postures
c
ISO 2631-1
c
ISO 5805
c
ISO 8727
c c
EN 12786 EN 547-1 CR 1030-1 EN ISO 20643
Vibration at the work
c
EN ISO 5349-1 EN 547-2 EN ISO 5349-1
position
c c
ISO 2041 EN 547-3 EN ISO 8041
c c
ISO 5805 EN ISO 14738 EN ISO 5349-2
c c
EN ISO 5349-1 ISO 2631-1
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Table A.1 (continued)
b
Example of hazards
a
Number of Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
EN ISO
12100:2010,
Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
EN 12198-1 EN 12198-1
6 Radiation
Low frequency, radio
hazards frequency radiation,
microwaves
EN 614-1 EN 547-1 EN 547-2 EN 1005-2
8 Ergonomic Unhealthy postures or
EN 1005-1 EN 547-2 EN 1005-2 EN 1005-3
hazards excessive effort
EN ISO 7250-1 EN 547-3 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4
c c
EN ISO 9241-5 EN 614-1 EN 1005-4 EN 1005-5
c c
EN 1005-2 EN 1005-5 EN ISO 15537
c
EN 1005-3 EN ISO 7250-1 EN ISO 15535
c
EN 1005-4 EN ISO 11064-2
c
EN 1005-5 EN ISO 14738
c
EN ISO 14738 EN ISO 11064-4
EN 60204-1 EN ISO 14122-4
c
EN ISO 9241-5
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Table A.1 (continued)
b
Example of hazards
a
Number of Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
EN ISO
12100:2010,
Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
EN 614-1 EN 547-1 EN 547-2 EN 1005-2
Inadequate
EN 1005-1 EN 547-2 EN 1005-2 EN 1005-3
consideration of hand-
EN ISO 7250-1 EN 547-3 EN 1005-3 EN 1005-4
arm and foot-leg
c
EN 614-1 EN 1005-4 EN 1005-5
anatomy
c c
EN ISO 14738 EN 1005-5 EN ISO 15535
c
EN 60204-1 EN ISO 7250-1 EN ISO 15537
c
EN ISO 11064-2
EN ISO 14738
c
EN 614-1 EN 614-1 EN 12464-1 EN 842
Inadequate local
c c
EN 842 EN 842 EN 12464-2 ISO 8995-1
lighting
c
EN 894-2 EN 894-2 EN ISO 11064-6
c
EN 894-3 EN 894-3 EN 12464-1
c c
EN 12665 EN 894-4 EN 12464-2
c
ISO 8995-1 EN 1837
c
EN 12464-1
c
EN 12464-2
EN 60204-1
EN 61310-1
c
EN ISO 11064-2
c
ISO 8995-1
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Table A.1 (continued)
b
Example of hazards
a
Number of Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
EN ISO
12100:2010,
Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
EN 614-1 EN 614-1 EN 614-2
Mental overload and
c
EN ISO 10075-1 EN 614-2
underload
c
EN ISO 9241-11 EN 894-4
c
EN ISO 10075-2
c
EN ISO 9241-11
EN ISO 7731
EN ISO 7731 EN ISO 7731
Human error, human
EN 614-1
EN 614-1 EN 842
behaviour EN 614-2
EN 614-2 EN 894-3
EN 842
EN 842 EN 894-1 EN 981
EN 894-2
EN 894-1
EN 894-3
EN 894-2
EN 894-4
EN 894-3
EN 981
EN 981 EN 60204-1
EN 61310-1
EN 61310-2
EN 61310-3
c
EN 614-1 EN 547-1 EN ISO 15537
Fall of persons during
EN ISO 7250-1 EN 547-2
access to (or at/from)
EN 547-3
the work position
EN 614-1
EN ISO 14738
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Table A.1 (continued)
b
Example of hazards
a
Number of Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
EN ISO
12100:2010,
Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
c
EN 614-1 EN 614-1 EN ISO 9241-306 EN 894-3
Insufficient visibility
c
EN 842 EN 61310-1 EN ISO 9241-306
from the work position
EN 894-2 EN 61310-2
EN 894-3 EN 842
c
EN ISO 9241-300 EN 894-2
c
EN ISO 9241-303 EN 894-4
c
EN ISO 9241-300
c
EN ISO 9241-303
c c
EN 614-1 EN 614-1 EN 12464-1 ISO 8995-1
Inadequate lighting
c c c
EN 12665 EN 1837 EN 12464-2 EN 12464-1
c c c
ISO 8995-1 ISO 8995-1 EN 12464-2
c c
EN ISO 9241-6 EN ISO 9241-6
c
EN 12464-1
c
EN 12464-2
EN 614-1 EN 614-1 EN ISO 14738 EN 1005-4
Inadequate seating
c
EN 1005-1 EN 1005-4 EN ISO 15537
EN ISO 7250-1 EN ISO 14738
c
EN ISO 9241-5 EN 60204-1
c
EN ISO 9241-5
c
EN ISO 11064-4
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Table A.1 (continued)
b
Example of hazards
a
Number of Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
EN ISO
12100:2010,
Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
EN 614-1 EN 614-1 EN ISO 14738 EN 894-3
Inadequate location of
EN 894-2 EN 894-2 EN 894-4
controls/ control
EN 894-3 EN 894-3 EN 1005-3
devices
EN 894-4 EN 894-4 EN 1005-4
c
EN 1005-1 EN 1005-3 EN ISO 15537
EN ISO 7250-1 EN 1005-4
EN ISO 14738
EN 61310-2
EN 60204-1
EN 614-1 EN 547-1 EN 894-2 EN 894-3
Inadequate design of
EN 894-2 EN 547-2 EN 894-4 EN 894-4
the actuation mode
EN 894-3 EN 547-3 EN 1005-3
and/or action mode of
EN 894-4 EN 614-1 EN 1005-4
controls
EN 1005-1 EN 894-2
c
EN ISO 9241-110 EN 894-3
EN 894-4
EN 1005-3
EN 1005-4
EN 61310-2
EN 60204-1
c
EN ISO 9241-110
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Table A.1 (continued)
b
Example of hazards
a
Number of Type or group Type-B standards in the fields of ergonomics
EN ISO
12100:2010,
Annex B
Origin Definition Requirements/ Measures Verification or testing
EN ISO 12100:2010, design process methods
Annex B
EN 614-1 EN 547-1 EN ISO 14738 EN 1005-4
Insufficient visibility
c
EN 1005-1 EN 547-2 EN ISO 15537
from the driving
EN ISO 7250-1 EN 547-3
position
EN 614-1
EN 894-2
EN 1005-4
EN ISO 14738
EN 60204-1
a
Only the clauses relating to ergonomics standards are included.
b
For a detailed description of origin and potential consequences of hazards see EN ISO 12100:2010, Annex B.
c
Standards that provide additional information beyond type-B standards according to CEN Guide 414.
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Annex B
(informative)
2)
Checklist for listing the limits of the machinery (step 1)
B.1 General
Prior conditions Life cycle phases
Transport and Use
Construction De-commissioning,
commissioning
dismantling, disposal
assembly, setting, teaching/
installation programming or
adjustment process
changeover
operation
cleaning
fault finding
intervention
resulting from
malfunction
maintenance
External
preconditions
(characteristics and
restrictions)
User limits
(user groups)
Space limits
Time limits
duration
frequency
...
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