SIST EN 16086-1:2012
(Main)Soil improvers and growing media - Determination of plant response - Part 1: Pot growth test with Chinese cabbage
Soil improvers and growing media - Determination of plant response - Part 1: Pot growth test with Chinese cabbage
This European Standard describes a method for the routine determination of the effect of soil improvers and growing media or constituents thereof on the growth of Chinese cabbage (and in certain cases spring barley).
NOTE 1 This test may not be suitable for all growing media since the formulated nutrient content will vary according to target use and the product is not tested in accordance with the specified use and pack recommendations.
NOTE 2 This test is not appropriate for the detection of nitrogen immobilization.
Bodenverbesserungsmittel und Kultursubstrate - Bestimmung der Pflanzenverträglichkeit - Teil 1: Wachstumstest mit Chinakohl im Topf
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt ein Verfahren zur routinemäßigen Bestimmung des Einflusses von Bodenverbesserungsmitteln und Kultursubstraten auf das Wachstum von Chinakohl (und in bestimmten Fällen von Sommergerste).
ANMERKUNG 1 Die Untersuchung ist nicht unbedingt für alle Kultursubstrate geeignet, da sich der formulierte Nähr-stoffgehalt entsprechend der beabsichtigten Verwendung unterscheidet und das Produkt nicht auf die Übereinstimmung mit dem festgelegten Einsatz und den Empfehlungen auf der Verpackung überprüft wird.
ANMERKUNG 2 Diese Untersuchung ist nicht geeignet für den Nachweis der Stickstoff Immobilisierung.
Amendements du sol et supports de culture - Détermination de la réponse des plantes - Partie 1: Essai de croissance en pot avec du chou de Chine
La présente Norme européenne décrit une méthode de détermination de routine de l’effet d’amendements du sol et de supports de culture ou de leurs composants sur la croissance du chou de Chine (et dans certains cas, de l’orge de printemps).
NOTE 1 Cet essai peut ne pas être adapté à tous les supports de culture du fait de leur teneur en substances nutritives qui peuvent varier en fonction de l’utilisation. En effet, le produit n’est pas soumis à essai conformément à l’utilisation spécifiée et aux recommandations d’emballage.
NOTE 2 Cet essai n’est pas approprié pour mettre en évidence l’immobilisation de l’azote.
Izboljševalci tal in rastni substrati - Določevanje sprejemljivosti za rastline - 1. del: Preskus rasti v loncu s kitajskim zeljem
Ta evropski standard opisuje metodo za rutinsko določevanje učinka izboljševalcev tal in rastnih substratov ali njihovih sestavin na rast kitajskega zelja (in v nekaterih primerih jarega ječmena). Ta preskus ne bo nujno ustrezen za vse rastne substrate, ker se značilnosti rastnih substratov (npr. vsebnost hranil) spreminjajo glede na njihovo ciljno uporabo in se izdelek ne preskuša v skladu z določeno uporabo in priporočili na embalaži.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bodenverbesserungsmittel und Kultursubstrate - Bestimmung der Pflanzenverträglichkeit - Teil 1: Wachstumstest mit Chinakohl im TopfAmendements du sol et supports de culture - Détermination de la réponse des plantes - Partie 1: Essai de croissance en pot avec du chou de ChineSoil improvers and growing media - Determination of plant response - Part 1: Pot growth test with Chinese cabbage65.080GnojilaFertilizersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16086-1:2011SIST EN 16086-1:2012en,fr,de01-marec-2012SIST EN 16086-1:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16086-1
November 2011 ICS 65.080 English Version
Soil improvers and growing media - Determination of plant response - Part 1: Pot growth test with Chinese cabbage
Amendements du sol et supports de culture - Détermination de la réponse des plantes - Partie 1: Essai de croissance en pot avec du chou de Chine
Bodenverbesserungsmittel und Kultursubstrate - Bestimmung der Pflanzenverträglichkeit - Teil 1: Wachstumstest mit Chinakohl im Topf This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 September 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16086-1:2011: ESIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .41 Scope .52 Normative references .53 Terms and definitions .54 Principle of the plant growth response test .64.1 General .64.2 Pot experiment with direct use of the prepared sample .64.3 Pot experiment using an extract of the original sample .65 Choice of methodology .66 Pot experiment with direct use of the prepared sample .66.1 Materials .66.1.1 Water of class 3.66.1.2 Sphagnum peat .66.1.3 Fertilized and limed sphagnum peat.66.1.4 Ground limestone .76.1.5 Seeds of Chinese cabbage (Brassica napa, ssp. pekinensis) .76.1.6 Seeds of Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) .76.2 Apparatus .76.3 Preparation of the sample .76.3.1 General preparation .76.3.2 Mixing procedure .86.4 Test procedure . 106.5 Control sample . 106.6 Validity of the test . 106.7 Evaluation parameters . 116.7.1 Germination rate (%) . 116.7.2 Fresh weight . 126.7.3 Growth inhibition . 136.7.4 Abnormalities in comparison to the control . 137 Pot experiment using an extract of the original sample . 147.1 Materials . 147.1.1 Water of class 3. 147.1.2 Perlite . 147.1.3 Seeds of Chinese cabbage (Brassica napa, ssp. pekinensis) . 147.1.4 Seeds of Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) . 147.1.5 Balanced nutrient solution (see B.1) . 147.1.6 Nitric acid (HNO3), 1M . 147.2 Apparatus . 147.2.1 Sieve with 20 mm mesh size . 147.2.2 Circular plant pot . 147.2.3 Saucer . 147.2.4 Bucket . 147.2.5 Thin fleece or plastic sheet for covering the containers . 157.2.6 Testing facility . 157.2.7 Irrigation device for watering the pots . 157.2.8 Analytical balance. 157.3 Preparation of the sample . 157.3.1 General preparation . 15SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 3 7.3.2 Extraction procedure . 157.4 Test procedure . 157.5 Control sample . 167.6 Validity of the test . 167.7 Evaluation parameters . 168 Precision. 169 Test report . 16Annex A (informative)
Validation . 18Annex B (normative)
Nutrient supply and fist test . 21B.1 Composition of the nutrient solution . 21B.2 Possible adjustments of the nutrient supply during the test . 22B.2.1 Possible reasons for nutritional adjustments . 22B.2.2 Recommendations for nutritional adjustments . 22B.2.3 Supplement to the report . 23B.3 Fist test . 24Bibliography . 25
SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16086-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 223 “Soil improvers and growing media”, the secretariat of which is held by ASI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS – Care should be taken when handling samples that may contain sharps or is of a dusty nature. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard describes a method for the routine determination of the effect of soil improvers and growing media or constituents thereof on the growth of Chinese cabbage (and in certain cases spring barley).
This test may not be suitable for all growing media since the growing media characteristics (e.g. nutrient content) will vary according to target use and the product is not tested in accordance with the specified use and pack recommendations. This test is not appropriate for the detection of nitrogen immobilization. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13037, Soil improvers and growing media – Determination of pH
EN 13038, Soil improvers and growing media – Determination of electrical conductivity
EN 13040, Soil improvers and growing media – Sample preparation for chemical and physical tests, determination of dry matter content, moisture content and laboratory compacted bulk density EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use – Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 plant response variation in plant germination and/or growth when sown and grown in a growing medium, soil improver or constituent thereof or in an extract obtained from these materials Factors causing negative plant growth cannot be identified nor quantified by applying this method. 3.2 prepared sample portion of the laboratory sample, undiluted or diluted with sphagnum peat at given ratios, fertilized and limed as required SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 6 4 Principle of the plant growth response test 4.1 General Depending on the material to be tested, one of the two methods described in this standard shall be used.
4.2 Pot experiment with direct use of the prepared sample Sowing a defined quantity of Chinese cabbage into pots containing the prepared sample, cultivating under controlled conditions for a defined period of time and evaluating the plant response by determining the germination rate, fresh weight, abnormalities and overall plant growth. If the presence of graminacious herbicides is suspected, Spring barley shall be used in addition to Chinese cabbage. For testing of other specific effects, the use of additional plant species (for example lettuce) can be considered. 4.3 Pot experiment using an extract of the original sample Mixing the original sample with nutrient solution as an extractant, soaking for 4 h at ambient temperature and collecting the freely available nutrient solution. Filling pots with perlite saturated with the extract and continuing as described under 4.2, irrigating during the test period with a fixed quantity of the extract and afterwards water. If the presence of graminacious herbicides is suspected, Spring barley shall be used in addition to Chinese cabbage. For testing of other specific effects, the use of additional plant species (for example lettuce) can be considered. 5 Choice of methodology For most materials, the pot growth test can be carried out as described in Clause 6. However, for coarse materials such as bark, expanded clay, lava, mineral wool, perlite, polyurethane and pumice with an inherently low water holding capacity which are used as growing media without amendment, this procedure is unsuitable and the extract method described in Clause 7 shall be adopted. 6 Pot experiment with direct use of the prepared sample 6.1 Materials
6.1.1 Water of class 3 According to EN ISO 3696. 6.1.2 Sphagnum peat
Sphagnum peat with a degree of humification of H3 – H5 according to von Post scale, having a pH measured according to EN 13037 of between 3,0 and 4,5, an EC measured according to EN 13038 of between
1 mS m-1 and 5 mS m-1, a particle size of < 10 mm and to which neither lime nor fertilizer has been added. 6.1.3 Fertilized and limed sphagnum peat
Sphagnum peat (see 6.1.2), having a pH measured according to EN 13037 adjusted using ground limestone (see 6.1.4) to a range between 5,5 and 6,5, fertilized with a water soluble “complete” fertilizer with essential SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 7 micronutrients, added at a rate to supply (225 ± 25) mg N · l-1, (for example 1,5 g · l-1 water soluble complete fertilizer N : P2O5 : K2O – 15 : 10 : 20), (see B.1). 6.1.4 Ground limestone Finely ground limestone, containing at least 5 % MgCO3, having a particle size less than 1 mm and a moisture content of less than 1 % m/m. 6.1.5 Seeds of Chinese cabbage (Brassica napa, ssp. pekinensis) Specified germination capacity ≥ 95 %. 6.1.6 Seeds of Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) Specified germination capacity ≥ 95 %. 6.2 Apparatus 6.2.1 Sieve with 20 mm mesh size
6.2.2 Sieve with 5 mm mesh size
6.2.3 Circular plant pot Upper diameter (12 ± 0,5) cm , height between 8,5 cm and 9,0 cm, volume between 650 ml and 700 ml, perforated bottom to provide drainage (for example plastic pot used in horticulture). 6.2.4 Saucer Saucer capable of catching all surplus water from the plant container after overhead watering. 6.2.5 Thin fleece or plastic sheet for covering the containers 6.2.6 Testing facility Testing facility capable of maintaining and monitoring the temperature and light intensity specified in 6.4 such as a greenhouse or plant growth room. 6.2.7 Irrigation device for watering the pots For example watering can, greenhouse watering hose 6.2.8 Analytical balance Accuracy 0,01 g, capacity 500 g. 6.3 Preparation of the sample 6.3.1 General preparation Pass the sample through a 20 mm sieve (see 6.2.1). Any foreign material such as plastic, metal or glass retained on the sieve shall be removed and noted. Other material that is retained on the sieve and which is an intrinsic part of the sample shall be physically reduced to parts of similar size as few times as are necessary to permit the entire sample to pass through the sieve. Fibrous materials i.e. coir fibres and straw shall be cut to a length ≤ 20 mm by using scissors. Thoroughly mix the laboratory sample with the broken particles that had been retained on the sieve taking care to minimise physical damage to the sample as a whole. Transportation SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 8 and possible storage of the samples shall be done in accordance with EN 13040, using food grade polyethylene bags. 6.3.2 Mixing procedure Before mixing, the laboratory compacted bulk density shall be measured (according to EN 13040). To produce the prepared sample, the material prepared as described in 6.3.1 is thoroughly mixed with sphagnum peat (see 6.1.2) on a volume/volume – basis as given in Table 1. The pH according to EN 13037 is ideally within the range between 5,5 and 6,5. If it is below, the pH shall be adjusted by adding limestone (see 6.1.4). If it is above, the pH shall be noted. Additionally, a water soluble complete fertilizer with essential micronutrients, added at a rate to supply
(225 ± 25) mg N · l-1 (for example 1,5 g · l-1 water soluble complete fertilizer N : P2O5 : K2O – 15 : 10 : 20) (see B.1) is added to one litre of prepared sample (according to EN 13040). The dilution ratios in Table 1 are based on horticultural practice in the usage of growing media, growing media constituents, soil improvers and soil improver constituents. In general, it is sufficient to carry out the test using the highest proportion of test material. The second dilution ratio may be helpful for further judging plant response. If required (for example to fulfil certain quality certification requirements or legislation), materials can be tested with other dilution ratios than mentioned in Table 1 or without dilution. It might also be necessary to apply further nutritional adjustments, cases are described in B.2. Any adjustments shall be reported. SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 9 Table 1 — Dilution ratios for test materials (growing media and constituents thereof; soil improvers and constituents thereof), using sphagnum peat (see 6.1.2) as the dilution material for pot growth tests with Chinese cabbage Test material Ratio (V/V) of test material to sphagnum peat to obtain the prepared samplea Growing media All kinds (except pre-shaped growing media and roof-garden media) 100 : 0 Organic materials
obligatory optional Bark (uncomposted) 50 : 50 25 : 75 Brown coal (lignite) 50 : 50 25 : 75 Cocoa hulls 50 : 50 25 : 75 Coir pith 100 : 0 50 : 50 Coir fibres 50 : 50 25 : 75 Coir chips 50 : 50 25 : 75 Composts made of material such as biodegradable waste, bark, wood, straw, manure 50 : 50 25 : 75 Forest litter 50 : 50 25 : 75 Manure 25 : 75 10 : 90 Peat (any type) 100 : 0 50 : 50 Rice hulls 50 : 50 25 : 75 Solid digestate 20 : 80 10 : 90 Spent mushroom casing soil 25 : 75 10 : 90 Straw 50 : 50 25 : 75 Wood fibres 50 : 50 25 : 75 Wood chips 50 : 50 25 : 75 Wood shavings 50 : 50 25 : 75 Mineral materials Clay 25 : 75 10 : 90 Expanded clay (also broken) 50 : 50 25 : 75 Lava 50 : 50 25 : 75 Mineral wool flakes 50 : 50 25 : 75 Perlite (expanded) 50 : 50 25 : 75 Pumice 50 : 50 25 : 75 Sand 50 : 50 25 : 75 Vermiculite 50 : 50 25 : 75 Synthetic-organic materials (plastics) Expanded polystyrene flakes (styrofoam), urea-formaldehyde foam resins, etc. 50 : 50 25 : 75 NOTE Non-listed materials may also be tested; the dilution ratio(s) for non-listed materials may be chosen by analogy with similar product groups listed in Table 1. a To obtain the required quantity of test material and sphagnum peat for example at a ratio of 25 % (V/V) : 75 % (V/V), take – for example – one litre of test material and three litres of sphagnum peat. The laboratory compacted bulk density of the materials according to EN 13040 shall be the basis.
SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 10 6.4 Test procedure To obtain a sufficient quantity of fine material to cover the seeds (see below), a portion of the prepared sample is sieved < 5 mm. The remaining part of the prepared sample shall be moistened to the approximate optimum moisture content according to the fist test (see B.3). Fill three pots (see 6.2.3) with the prepared sample in the following way: Fill each pot with the prepared sample to the rim, drop it three times from a height of (3 ± 2) cm and top it up again to the rim. Then compress the prepared sample with a round plate or saucer until the surface is
5 mm to 10 mm below the rim of the pot. If an even surface is not obtained due to coarse particles, fill spaces with mixed sample material passing through a 5 mm sieve (see 6.2.2). Place each pot on a saucer (see 6.2.4). NOTE 1 A higher number of replicates may be used. The number of replicates should be taken into account for the calculation of the results Spread 20 seeds of Chinese cabbage (see 6.1.5) evenly on the surface of each of three pots of the prepared sample and cover them with a thin layer (approximately 2 mm to 5 mm) of prepared sample passing through a
5 mm sieve (see 6.2.2). Then gently compact the surface again by using a suitable flat, round plate or saucer and moisten with water using a fine sprayer to ensure contact between the seed and the test material. NOTE 2 To cover the Spring barley seeds (see 6.1.6), usually more material (approximately 5 mm to 10 mm) than for cabbage is needed. The pots shall be arranged in the test area in a randomized design to minimise positional effects and bias associated with variations in temperature, light or humidity which affect plant growth.
Then, the pots in the testing facility (see 6.2.6) at a temperature maintained between 18 °C and 30 °C are loosely covered with horticultural fleece or plastic sheet (see 6.2.5) until at least 50 % of the seeds have germinated. After uncovering the pots the light intensity shall be maintained at 10 W m-2 for 12 h to 16 h per day and the sample kept moist by overhead irrigation with water (see 6.1.1). The watering intervals are dependent on plant growth and environmental conditions in accordance with good horticulture practice. Alternatively, a watering process according to ISO 22030 is possible. NOTE 3 Steps should be taken to avoid over-watering and water logging of the test sample. NOTE 4 To improve the watering process, the pots can be weighed during the test to provide an indication of the moisture content of the test samples and guidance about the frequency and quantity of water that needs to be applied to keep them moist. 6.5 Control sample As a control, the procedure as described above is carried out using fertilized and limed sphagnum peat (see 6.1.3). 6.6 Validity of the test If the average germination in the control sample (see 6.5) is below 85 % after five days, the test is not valid. SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 11 6.7 Evaluation parameters The following parameters are monitored: 6.7.1 Germination rate (%) After five days, the number of germinated seeds is recorded. A seed is germinated as soon as approximately
50 % of the cotyledon surface is visible. • Calculation of the germination rate per pot (GR): Calculate the germination as a percentage of the total sown seeds per pot according to Equation (1).
10020.NGSGR= (1) where GR is the germination rate; NGS is the number of germinated seeds. Calculation of the average germination rate and the coefficient of variance: Calculate the average germination rate (AGR) from the results of the different pots and the coefficient of variation according to Equations (2) and (3). nAGRnnpotGR=∑3)( %) ,( rate nGerminatio Average (2) where AGR is the average germination rate. 100
1)(32×−−∑AGR=CVGnAGRGRnn (3) where CVG is the coefficient of variance for the germination rate. Calculate the germination rate and the coefficient of variance for the control sample in the same way. Calculation of the germination inhibition (GeI): The inhibition of germination is expressed as a percentage of the average germination in the control according to Equation (4) 100 (%) x
- controlsamplecontrolAGRAGRAGRGeI = (4) where GeI is the germination inhibition. SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 12 6.7.2 Fresh weight Determine the total weight and number of plants in each pot as soon as the fifth true leave is clearly visible on at least 50 % of the plants of the control sample. The growing medium shall be watered thoroughly to ensure that the plants are turgid before harvesting, taking care not to wet the leaves as these must be dry when harvested. NOTE If using spring barley, the fresh weight is monitored as soon as the second true leaf of 50 % of the plants of the control sample are bigger than the first leaf. For harvest, the plants are cut at substrate level. Calculation of the average weight of plants per pot: Calculate the average weight of plants per pot (W) in grams according to Equation (5)
3(g)
∑WPW= (5) where W is the average weight of plants, per pot; WP is the weight of plants, per pot. Calculation of the average plant weight per pot: Calculate the average plant weight in grams according to Equation (6)
NHPWHP=PW(g)
(6) where PW is the average plant weight, per pot; WHP is the weight of harvested plants, per pot; NHP is the number of harvested plants, per pot. Calculation of the average plant weight and the coefficient of variance: Calculate the average plant weight (APW) from the results of the different pots and the coefficient of variation according to Equations (7) and (8). 33) (pot2) (pot1) (pot PWPWPW=APW++ (7) where APW is the average plant weight. 1002 )( 2×−∑APWAPWPW=CVP (8) where CVP is the coefficient of variance for the plant weight. Calculate the average and the coefficient of variance for the control sample in the same way. SIST EN 16086-1:2012
EN 16086-1:2011 (E) 13 Calculate the difference between the results for the control sample and the test sample according to the following equations: samplecontrol WW=DW− (9) where DW is the difference of average weight of plants, per pot; Wcontrol is the average weight of plants per pot of the control sample; Wsample is the average weight of plants per pot of the test sample. samplecontrol APWAPW=DP− (10) where DP is the difference of average plant weight; APWcontrol is the average plant weight of the control sample; APWsample is the average plant weight of the test sample. 6.7.3 Growth inhibition 6.7.3.1 Calculation of the growth inhibition (GrI): Calculate the growth inhi
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