SIST EN 62133:2004
(Main)Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications
This International Standard specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of portable sealed secondary cells and batteries (other than button) containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolyte, under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse.
Akkumulatoren und Batterien mit alkalischem oder anderen nicht säurehaltigen Elektrolyten - Sicherheitsanforderungen für tragbare gasdichte Akkumulatoren und daraus hergestellte Batterien für die Verwendung in tragbaren Geräten
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide - Exigences de sécurité pour les accumulateurs portables étanches, et pour les batteries qui en sont constituées, destinés à l'utilisation dans des applications portables
La présente Norme internationale spécifie les exigences et les essais pour les accumulateurs alcalins, ou autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide, portables, étanches (autres que boutons) en vue de la sécurité de leur fonctionnement dans des utilisations prévues et dans des utilisations abusives raisonnablement prévisibles.
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid elecrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI SIST EN 62133:2004
STANDARD
februar 2004
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid elecrolytes -
Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made
from them, for use in portable application
ICS 29.220.30 Referenčna številka
SIST EN 62133:2004(en)
© Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno
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EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62133
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2003
ICS 29.220.30 Supersedes EN 61809:2000;
partially supersedes EN 61960-1:2001 and EN 61960-2:2001
English version
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline
or other non-acid elecrolytes -
Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells,
and for batteries made from them,
for use in portable applications
(IEC 62133:2002)
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres Akkumulatoren und Batterien mit
accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide - alkalischem oder anderen nicht
Exigences de sécurité pour les säurehaltigen Elektrolyten -
accumulateurs portables étanches, et Sicherheitsanforderungen für tragbare
pour les batteries qui en sont constituées, gasdichte Akkumulatoren und daraus
destinés à l'utilisation dans des hergestellte Batterien für die Verwendung
applications portables in tragbaren Geräten
(CEI 62133:2002) (IEC 62133:2002)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2002-12-03. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2003 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62133:2003 E
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EN 62133:2003 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 21A/363/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62133, prepared by SC 21A, Secondary
cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes, of IEC TC 21, Secondary cells
and batteries, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 62133 on 2002-12-03.
This European Standard supersedes EN 61809:2000 and partially supersedes EN 61960-1:2001 and
EN 61960-2:2001.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2003-11-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2005-12-01
Annexes designated "normative" are part of the body of the standard.
Annexes designated "informative" are given for information only.
In this standard, annex ZA is normative and annexes A and B are informative.
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62133:2002 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60664 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60664 series (not modified).
IEC 61434 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61434:1996 (not modified).
__________
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- 3 - EN 62133:2003
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any
of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or
revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including
amendments).
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
IEC 60050-486 - International Electrotechnical - -
Vocabulary (IEV)
Chapter 486: Secondary cells and
batteries
IEC 60051 Series Direct acting indicating analogue EN 60051 Series
electrical measuring instruments and
their accessories
1) 2)
IEC 60285 - Alkaline secondary cells and batteries - EN 60285 1994
Sealed nickel-cadmium cylindrical
rechargeable single cells
1)
IEC 60485 - Digital electronic d.c. voltmeters and - -
d.c. electronic analogue-to-digital
converters
1) 2)
IEC 61436 - Secondary cells and batteries EN 61436 1998
containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes - Sealed nickel-metal
hydride rechargeable single cells
1)
IEC 61438 - Possible safety and health hazards in - -
the use of alkaline secondary cells and
batteries - Guide to equipment
manufacturers and users
1) 2)
IEC 61440 - Secondary cells and batteries EN 61440 1997
containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes - Sealed nickel-cadmium
small prismatic rechargeable single
cells
1)
Undated reference.
2)
Valid edition at date of issue.
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EN 62133:2003 - 4 -
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1) 2)
IEC 61951-1 - Secondary cells and batteries EN 61951-1 2001
containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes - Portable sealed
rechargeable single cells
Part 1: Nickel-cadmium
1) 2)
IEC 61951-2 - Part 2: Nickel-metal hydride EN 61951-2 2001
3)
IEC 61960 - Secondary cells and batteries - -
containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes - Secondary lithium cells
and batteries for portable applications
1)
ISO/IEC Guide 51 - Safety aspects - Guidelines for their - -
inclusion in standards
3)
At draft stage.
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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE IEC
62133
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
2002-10
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs
à électrolyte non acide –
Exigences de sécurité pour les accumulateurs
portables étanches, et pour les batteries
qui en sont constituées, destinés à l'utilisation
dans des applications portables
Secondary cells and batteries containing
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Safety requirements for portable sealed
secondary cells, and for batteries made
from them, for use in portable applications
IEC 2002 Droits de reproduction réservés Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
Q
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale PRICE CODE
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue
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62133 IEC:2002 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 General . 7
1.1 Scope . 7
1.2 Normative references . 7
1.3 Definitions . 9
1.4 Parameter measurement tolerances .11
2 General safety considerations.11
2.1 Insulation and wiring.13
2.2 Venting.13
2.3 Temperature/current management .13
2.4 Terminal contacts .13
2.5 Assembly of cells into batteries.13
2.6 Quality plan .15
3 Type test conditions.15
4 Specific requirements and tests .15
4.1 Charging procedure for test purposes .15
4.2 Intended use.17
4.2.1 Continuous low-rate charging.17
4.2.2 Vibration .17
4.2.3 Moulded case stress at high ambient temperature .19
4.2.4 Temperature cycling .19
4.3 Reasonably foreseeable misuse .21
4.3.1 Incorrect installation of a cell (nickel systems only).21
4.3.2 External short circuit .21
4.3.3 Free fall .23
4.3.4 Mechanical shock (crash hazard).23
4.3.5 Thermal abuse.23
4.3.6 Crushing of cells .23
4.3.7 Low pressure .25
4.3.8 Overcharge for nickel systems .25
4.3.9 Overcharge for lithium systems.25
4.3.10 Forced discharge .27
4.3.11 Cell protection against a high charging rate (lithium systems only).27
5 Information for safety.27
6 Marking .27
6.1 Cell marking .27
6.2 Battery marking .29
6.3 Other information.29
7 Packaging.29
Annex A (informative) Recommendations to equipment manufacturers and battery
assemblers .31
Annex B (informative) Recommendations to the end-users.33
Bibliography.35
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62133 IEC:2002 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE
OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED
SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM,
FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the
two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62133, which supersedes IEC 61809, has been prepared by
subcommittee 21A: Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes, of IEC technical committee 21: Secondary cells and batteries.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
21A/363/FDIS 21A/371/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2008-01. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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62133 IEC:2002 – 7 –
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE
OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED
SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM,
FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
1 General
1.1 Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of portable
sealed secondary cells and batteries (other than button) containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolyte, under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse.
1.2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-486, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 486: Secondary cells and
batteries
IEC 60051 (all parts), Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and
their accessories
IEC 60285, Alkaline secondary cells and batteries – Sealed nickel-cadmium cylindrical
rechargeable single cells
IEC 60485, Digital electronic d.c. voltmeters and d.c. electronic analogue-to-digital converters
IEC 61436, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Sealed nickel-metal hydride rechargeable single cells
IEC 61438, Possible safety and health hazards in the use of alkaline secondary cells and
batteries – Guide to equipment manufacturers and users
IEC 61440, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Sealed nickel-cadmium small prismatic rechargeable single cells
IEC 61951-1, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Portable sealed rechargeable single cells – Part 1: Nickel-cadmium
IEC 61951-2, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Portable sealed rechargeable single cells – Part 2: Nickel-metal hydride
IEC 61960, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
1
Secondary lithium cells and batteries for portable applications
ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
___________
1
To be published.
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62133 IEC:2002 – 9 –
1.3 Definitions
For the purpose of this international standard, the definitions contained in IEC 60050-486 and
ISO/IEC Guide 51 as well as the following definitions apply.
1.3.1
safety
freedom from unacceptable risk
1.3.2
risk
a combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm
1.3.3
harm
physical injury or damage to the health of people or damage to property or to the environment
1.3.4
hazard
potential source of harm
1.3.5
intended use
use of a product, process or service in accordance with specifications, instructions and
information provided by the supplier
1.3.6
reasonably foreseeable misuse
use of a product, process or service in a way which is not intended by the supplier, but which
may result from readily predictable human behaviour
1.3.7
secondary cell
basic manufactured unit providing a source of electrical energy by direct conversion of
chemical energy, that consists of electrodes, separators, electrolyte, container and terminals,
and that is designed to be charged electrically
1.3.8
secondary battery
assembly of secondary cell(s) ready for use as a source of electrical energy characterized by
its voltage, size, terminal arrangement, capacity and rate capability
1.3.9
leakage
visible escape of liquid electrolyte
1.3.10
venting
release of excessive internal pressure from a cell/battery in a manner intended by design to
preclude rupture or explosion
1.3.11
rupture
mechanical failure of a cell container or battery case induced by an internal or external cause,
resulting in exposure or spillage but not ejection of materials
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62133 IEC:2002 – 11 –
1.3.12
explosion
failure that occurs when a cell container or battery case opens violently and major
components are forcibly expelled
1.3.13
fire
the emission of flames from a cell or battery
1.3.14
portable battery
a battery for use in a device or appliance which is conveniently hand carried
1.3.15
portable cell
a cell intended for assembly in a portable battery
1.3.16
rated capacity
quantity of electricity C Ah (ampere-hours) declared by the manufacturer which a single cell
5
can deliver when discharged at the reference test current of 0,2 I A to a specified final
t
voltage, after charging, storing and discharging under specified conditions
1.4 Parameter measurement tolerances
The overall accuracy of controlled or measured values, relative to the specified or actual
parameters, shall be within these tolerances.
a) ±1 % for voltage;
b) ±1 % for current;
c) ±2 °C for temperature;
d) ±0,1 % for time;
e) ±1 % for dimension;
f) ±1 % for capacity.
These tolerances comprise the combined accuracy of the measuring instruments, the
measurement techniques used, and all other sources of error in the test procedure.
For assistance in selecting instrumentation see IEC 60051 for analogue instruments and
IEC 60485 for digital instruments. The details of the instrumentation used shall be provided in
any report of results.
2 General safety considerations
The safety of secondary cells and batteries requires the consideration of two sets of applied
conditions:
a) intended use;
b) reasonably foreseeable misuse.
Cells and batteries shall be so designed and constructed that they are safe under conditions
of both intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. It is expected that cells or batteries
subjected to misuse may fail to function following such experience. They shall not however
present significant hazards. It may also be expected that cells and batteries subjected to
intended use shall not only be safe but shall continue to be functional in all respects.
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62133 IEC:2002 – 13 –
Potential hazards which are the subject of this standard are:
a) fire,
b) burst/explosion,
c) leakage of cell electrolyte,
d) venting,
e) burns from excessively high external temperatures,
f) rupture of battery case with exposure of internal components.
Conformity with 2.1 to 2.6 is checked by inspection, by the tests of clause 4, and in
accordance with the appropriate standard (see 1.2).
2.1 Insulation and wiring
The insulation resistance between the positive terminal and externally exposed metal surfaces
of the battery excluding electrical contact surfaces shall be not less than 5 MΩ at 500 V d.c.
Internal wiring and its insulation shall be sufficient to withstand the maximum anticipated
current, voltage and temperature requirements. The orientation of wiring shall be such that
adequate clearances and creepage distances are maintained between connectors. The
mechanical integrity of internal connections shall be sufficient to accommodate conditions of
reasonably foreseeable misuse.
2.2 Venting
Battery cases and cells shall incorporate a pressure relief mechanism or shall be so
constructed that they will relieve excessive internal pressure at a value and rate that will
preclude rupture, explosion and self-ignition. If encapsulation is used to support cells within
an outer case, the type of encapsulant and the method of encapsulation shall neither cause
the battery to overheat during normal operation nor inhibit pressure relief.
2.3 Temperature/current management
The design of batteries shall be such that abnormal temperature-rise conditions are
prevented.
NOTE Where necessary, means can be provided to limit current to safe levels during charge and discharge.
2.4 Terminal contacts
Terminals shall have clear polarity marking on the external surface of the battery. The size
and shape of the terminal contacts shall ensure that they can carry the maximum anticipated
current. External terminal contact surfaces shall be formed from conductive materials with
good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. Terminal contacts shall be arranged so
as to minimize the risk of short circuits.
2.5 Assembly of cells into batteries
Cells used in the assembly of batteries shall have closely matched capacities, be of the same
design, be of the same chemistry and be from the same manufacturer. Batteries that are
designed for the selective discharge of a portion of their series connected cells shall
incorporate separate circuitry to prevent the cell reversal caused by uneven discharges.
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62133 IEC:2002 – 15 –
2.6 Quality plan
The manufacturer shall prepare a quality plan that defines procedures for the inspection of
materials, components, cells and batteries and which covers the whole process of producing
each type of cell or battery.
3 Type test conditions
Tests are made with the number of cells or batteries specified in Table 1, using cells or
batteries that are not more than three months old. Unless otherwise specified, tests are
carried out in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C.
NOTE Test conditions are for type tests only and do not imply that intended use includes operation under these
conditions. Similarly, the limit of three months is introduced for consistency and does not imply that battery safety
is reduced after three months.
Table 1 – Sample size for type tests
Test Cell Battery
4.2.1 5 –
4.2.2 5 5
4.2.3 – 3
4.2.4 5 5
4.3.1 5 sets of 4 –
4.3.2 5 sets/Temperature 5 sets/Temperature
4.3.3 3 3
4.3.4 5 5
4.3.5 5 –
4.3.6 5 –
4.3.7 3 –
4.3.8 5 5
4.3.9 5 –
4.3.10 5 –
4.3.11 5 –
4 Specific requirements and tests
4.1 Charging procedure for test purposes
Unless otherwise stated in this standard, the charging procedure for test purposes is carried
out in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, using the method declared by the
manufacturer.
Prior to charging, the battery shall have been discharged at 20 °C ± 5 °C at a constant current
of 0,2 I A down to a specified final voltage.
t
Warning: THESE TESTS USE PROCEDURES WHICH MAY RESULT IN HARM IF ADEQUATE PRECAUTIONS
ARE NOT TAKEN. TESTS SHOULD ONLY BE PERFORMED BY QUALIFIED AND EXPERIENCED
TECHNICIANS USING ADEQUATE PROTECTION.
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62133 IEC:2002 – 17 –
4.2 Intended use
4.2.1 Continuous low-rate charging
a) Requirement
A continuous low-rate charge shall not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test
Fully charged cells are subjected for 28 days to a charge as specified by the manufacturer.
c) Acceptance criteria
• Nickel systems: no fire, no explosion.
• Lithium systems: no fire, no explosion, no leakage.
4.2.2 Vibration
a) Requirements
Vibration encountered during transportation shall not cause leakage, fire or explosion.
b) Test
Fully charged cells or batteries are vibration-tested under the following test conditions and
the sequence in Table 2. A simple harmonic motion is applied to the cells or batteries with
an amplitude of 0,76 mm, and a total maximum excursion of 1,52 mm. The frequency is
varied at the rate of 1 Hz/min between the limits of 10 Hz and 55 Hz. The entire range of
frequencies (10 Hz to 55 Hz) and return (55 Hz to 10 Hz), is traversed in 90 min ± 5 min
for each mounting position (direction of vibration). The vibration is applied in each of three
mutually perpendicular directions, in the sequence specified below.
Step 1: Verify that the measured voltage is typical of the charged product being tested.
Steps 2-4: Apply the vibration as specified in Table 2.
Step 5: Rest cell for 1 h, then make a visual inspection.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion, no leakage.
Table 2 – Conditions for vibration test
Storage time Vibration time
Step Visual examination
h min
1 – – Pre-test
2 – 90 ± 5 –
3 – 90 ± 5 –
4 – 90 ± 5 –
5 1 – Post-test
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62133 IEC:2002 – 19 –
4.2.3 Moulded case stress at high ambient temperature
a) Requirement
Internal components of batteries shall not be exposed during use at high temperature.
b) Test
Fully charged batteries are exposed to a moderately high temperature to evaluate case
integrity. The battery is placed in an air circulating oven at a temperature of 70 °C ± 2 °C.
The batteries remain in the oven for 7 h, after which they are removed and allowed to
return to room temperature.
c) Acceptance criteria
No physical distortion of the battery case resulting in exposure of internal components.
4.2.4 Temperature cycling
a) Requirements
Repeated exposure to high and low temperatures shall not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test according to the following procedure and the profile shown in figure 1.
Fully charged cells or batteries are subjected to temperature cycling (–20 °C, +75 °C),
in forced draught chamb
...
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