SIST EN ISO 14224:2007
(Main)Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment (ISO 14224:2006)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment (ISO 14224:2006)
This International Standard provides a comprehensive basis for the collection of reliability and maintenance (RM) data in a standard format for equipment in all facilities and operations within the petroleum, natural gas and petrochemical industries during the operational life cycle of equipment. It describes data-collection principles and associated terms and definitions that constitute a "reliability language" that can be useful for communicating operational experience. The failure modes defined in the normative part of this International Standard can be used as a "reliability thesaurus" for various quantitative as well as qualitative applications. This International Standard also describes data quality control and assurance practices to provide guidance for the user. Standardization of data-collection practices facilitates the exchange of information between parties, e.g. plants, owners, manufacturers and contract ors. This International Standard establishes requirements that any inhouse or commercially available RM data system is required to meet when designed for RM data exchange. Examples, guidelines and principles for the exchange and merging of such RM data are addressed. Annex A contains a summary of equipment that this International Standard covers.
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Sammlung und Austausch von Zuverlässigkeits- und Wartungsdaten für Ausrüstungen (ISO 14224:2006)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Recueil et échange de données de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements (ISO 14224:2006)
L'ISO 14224:2006 fournit une base globale pour le recueil des données de fiabilité et maintenance (FM) en format normalisé pour les équipements utilisés dans toutes installations et exploitations des industries du pétrole, du gaz naturel et de la pétrochimie et pendant le cycle de vie utile de l'équipement. Elle décrit les principes du recueil des données ainsi que les termes et définitions associés qui constituent la base d'un langage propre à la fiabilité utile pour transmettre l'expérience acquise sur le terrain. L'ISO 14224:2006 définit les modes de défaillance pouvant être utilisés comme un «thesaurus de la fiabilité» pour diverses applications tant sur le plan quantitatif que sur le plan qualitatif. En outre, l'ISO 14224:2006 décrit les pratiques de contrôle et d'assurance qualité des données afin de guider l'utilisateur.
La normalisation des pratiques de recueil des données facilite l'échange des informations notamment entre les installations, les propriétaires, les fabricants et les sous‑traitants. L'ISO 14224:2006 définit les exigences auxquelles doit satisfaire tout système de données FM destinées à être échangées, qu'il soit interne ou disponible dans le commerce. Elle présente également des exemples/recommandations/principes portant sur l'échange et la fusion de ces données FM.
L'ISO 14224:2006 recommande le recueil d'une quantité de données minimales et met l'accent sur deux aspects principaux: les exigences applicables au type de données à recueillir et à utiliser selon les différentes méthodes d'analyse, le format de données normalisé permettant de faciliter l'échange de données FM entre les installations, les propriétaires, les fabricants et les sous‑traitants.
Les principales catégories de données suivantes doivent être recueillies: les données relatives à l'équipement, par exemple, taxinomie de l'équipement, attributs de l'équipement, les données de défaillance, par exemple cause de la défaillance, conséquence de la défaillance et les données de maintenance, par exemple, opération de maintenance, moyens utilisés, conséquence de la maintenance, temps d'indisponibilité.
L'ISO 14224:2006 ne couvre pas les données relatives aux coûts (directs), les données relatives aux essais et à la fabrication en laboratoire (par exemple les essais de durée de vie accélérés), les fiches techniques complètes de l'équipement (sont incluses uniquement les données considérées comme utiles pour l'évaluation de la performance de la fiabilité), les données d'exploitation supplémentaires considérées comme utiles pour l'exploitation et la maintenance par un opérateur particulier et les méthodes d'analyse et d'application des données FM (toutefois, les annexes présentent les principes du calcul de certains paramètres de base de fiabilité et de maintenance).
Petrokemična industrija ter industrija nafte in zemeljskega plina - Zbiranje in izmenjava podatkov o zanesljivosti in vzdrževanju opreme (ISO 14224:2006)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 14224:2007
01-maj-2007
3HWURNHPLþQDLQGXVWULMDWHULQGXVWULMDQDIWHLQ]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD=ELUDQMHLQ
L]PHQMDYDSRGDWNRYR]DQHVOMLYRVWLLQY]GUåHYDQMXRSUHPH ,62
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Collection and exchange of
reliability and maintenance data for equipment (ISO 14224:2006)
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Sammlung und Austausch von
Zuverlässigkeits- und Wartungsdaten für Ausrüstungen (ISO 14224:2006)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Recueil et échange de
données de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements (ISO 14224:2006)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14224:2006
ICS:
75.180.01 Oprema za industrijo nafte in Equipment for petroleum and
zemeljskega plina na splošno natural gas industries in
general
75.200 2SUHPD]DVNODGLãþHQMH Petroleum products and
QDIWHQDIWQLKSURL]YRGRYLQ natural gas handling
]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD equipment
SIST EN ISO 14224:2007 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 14224
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2006
ICS 75.180.01; 75.200
English Version
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Collection
and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
(ISO 14224:2006)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Sammlung
Recueil et échange de données de fiabilité et de und Austausch von Zuverlässigkeits- und Wartungsdaten
maintenance des équipements (ISO 14224:2006) für Ausrüstungen (ISO 14224:2006)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 December 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14224:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN ISO 14224:2006 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 14224:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67
"Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries" in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 "Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries", the secretariat of which is held by
AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2007, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by June 2007.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14224:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14224:2006 without any
modifications.
2
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14224
Second edition
2006-12-15
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas
industries — Collection and exchange of
reliability and maintenance data for
equipment
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Recueil et
échange de données de fiabilité et de maintenance des équipements
Reference number
ISO 14224:2006(E)
©
ISO 2006
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ISO 14224:2006(E)
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ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
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ISO 14224:2006(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 Abbreviated terms . 8
5 Application . 8
5.1 Equipment coverage. 8
5.2 Time periods. 9
5.3 Users of this International Standard. 9
5.4 Limitations. 9
5.5 Exchange of RM data. 10
6 Benefits of RM data collection and exchange . 11
7 Quality of data . 13
7.1 Obtaining quality data . 13
7.2 Data collection process . 16
8 Equipment boundary, taxonomy and time definitions. 17
8.1 Boundary description. 17
8.2 Taxonomy . 18
8.3 Timeline issues . 20
9 Recommended data for equipment, failures and maintenance . 22
9.1 Data categories . 22
9.2 Data format . 23
9.3 Database structure . 23
9.4 Equipment data . 25
9.5 Failure data. 27
9.6 Maintenance data. 28
Annex A (informative) Equipment-class attributes. 31
Annex B (normative) Interpretation and notation of failure and maintenance parameters. 112
Annex C (informative) Guide to interpretation and calculation of derived reliability and
maintenance parameters . 131
Annex D (informative) Typical requirements for data. 149
Annex E (informative) Key performance indicators (KPIs) and benchmarking. 155
Annex F (informative) Classification and definition of safety-critical failures. 164
Bibliography . 168
© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO 14224:2006(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14224 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14224:1999), which has been technically
modified and extended. Annex B, which contains failure and maintenance notations, has been made
normative. Further, additional informative Annexes A, C, D, E and F give recommendations on the use of
reliability and maintenance data for various applications.
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
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ISO 14224:2006(E)
Introduction
This International Standard has been prepared based on ISO 14224:1999, experience gained through its use,
and know-how and best practices shared through the international development process.
In the petroleum, natural gas and petrochemical industries, great attention is being paid to safety, reliability
and maintainability of equipment. The industry annual cost of equipment unreliability is very large, although
many plant owners have improved the reliability of their operating facilities by such attention. A stronger
emphasis has recently been put on cost-effective design and maintenance for new plants and existing
installations among more industrial parties. In this respect, data on failures, failure mechanisms and
maintenance related to these industrial facilities and its operations have become of increased importance. It is
necessary that this information be used by, and communicated between, the various parties and its disciplines,
within the same company or between companies. Various analysis methodologies are used to estimate the
risk of hazards to people and environment, or to analyse plant or system performance. For such analyses to
be effective and decisive, equipment reliability and maintenance (RM) data are vital.
These analyses require a clear understanding of the equipment technical characteristics, its operating and
environmental conditions, its potential failures and its maintenance activities. It can be necessary to have data
covering several years of operation before sufficient data have been accumulated to give confident analysis
results and relevant decision support. It is necessary, therefore, to view data collection as a long-term activity,
planned and executed with appropriate goals in mind. At the same time, clarity as to the causes of failures is
key to prioritizing and implementing corrective actions that result in sustainable improvements in reliability,
leading to improved profitability and safety.
Data collection is an investment. Data standardization, when combined with enhanced data-management
systems that allow electronic collection and transfer of data, can result in improved quality of data for reliability
and maintenance. A cost-effective way to optimize data requirements is through industry co-operation. To
make it possible to collect, exchange and analyse data based on common viewpoints, a standard is required.
Standardization of data-collection practices facilitates the exchange of information between relevant parties
e.g. plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors throughout the world.
© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved v
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14224:2006(E)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries —
Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for
equipment
1 Scope
This International Standard provides a comprehensive basis for the collection of reliability and maintenance
(RM) data in a standard format for equipment in all facilities and operations within the petroleum, natural gas
and petrochemical industries during the operational life cycle of equipment. It describes data-collection
principles and associated terms and definitions that constitute a “reliability language” that can be useful for
communicating operational experience. The failure modes defined in the normative part of this International
Standard can be used as a “reliability thesaurus” for various quantitative as well as qualitative applications.
This International Standard also describes data quality control and assurance practices to provide guidance
for the user.
Standardization of data-collection practices facilitates the exchange of information between parties, e.g. plants,
owners, manufacturers and contractors. This International Standard establishes requirements that any in-
house or commercially available RM data system is required to meet when designed for RM data exchange.
Examples, guidelines and principles for the exchange and merging of such RM data are addressed.
Annex A contains a summary of equipment that this International Standard covers.
• This International Standard recommends a minimum amount of data that is required to be collected and it
focuses on two main issues:
⎯ data requirements for the type of data to be collected for use in various analysis methodologies;
⎯ standardized data format to facilitate the exchange of reliability and maintenance data between
plants, owners, manufacturers and contractors.
• The following main categories of data are to be collected:
⎯ equipment data, e.g. equipment taxonomy, equipment attributes;
⎯ failure data, e.g. failure cause, failure consequence;
⎯ maintenance data, e.g. maintenance action, resources used, maintenance consequence, down time.
NOTE Clause 9 gives further details on data content and data format.
• The main areas where such data are used are the following:
⎯ reliability, e.g. failure events and failure mechanisms;
⎯ availability/efficiency, e.g. equipment availability, system availability, plant production availability;
⎯ maintenance, e.g. corrective and preventive maintenance, maintenance supportability;
⎯ safety and environment, e.g. equipment failures with adverse consequences for safety and/or
environment.
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ISO 14224:2006(E)
• This International Standard does not apply to the following:
⎯ data on (direct) cost issues;
⎯ data from laboratory testing and manufacturing (e.g. accelerated lifetime testing);
⎯ complete equipment data sheets (only data seen relevant for assessing the reliability performance
are included);
⎯ additional on-service data that an operator, on an individual basis, can consider useful for operation
and maintenance;
⎯ methods for analysing and applying RM data (however, principles for how to calculate some basic
reliability and maintenance parameters are included in the annexes).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60034-1:2004, Rotating electrical machines — Part 1: Rating and performance
IEC 60076-1:2000, Power transformers — Part 1: General
IEC 60076-2:1993, Power transformers — Part 2: Temperature rise
EC 60076-3, Power transformers — Part 3: Insulation levels, dialectric tests and external clearances in air
IEC 60529:2001, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 62114, Electrical insulation systems — Thermal classification
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE Some derived RM parameters, which can be calculated from collected RM data covered by this International
Standard, are contained in Annex C. References to Annex C are given as deemed appropriate.
3.1
availability
ability of an item to be in a state to perform a required function under given conditions at a given instant of
time or over a given time interval, assuming that the required external resources are provided
NOTE For a more detailed description and interpretation of availability, see Annex C.
3.2
active maintenance time
that part of the maintenance time during which a maintenance action is performed on an item, either
automatically or manually, excluding logistic delays
NOTE 1 A maintenance action can be carried out while the item is performing a required function.
NOTE 2 For a more detailed description and interpretation of maintenance times, see Figure 4 and Annex C.
2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
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ISO 14224:2006(E)
3.3
boundary
interface between an item and its surroundings
3.4
common-cause failure
failures of different items resulting from the same direct cause, occurring within a relatively short time, where
these failures are not consequences of another
NOTE Components that fail due to a shared cause normally fail in the same functional mode. The term common
mode is, therefore, sometimes used. It is, however, not considered to be a precise term for communicating the
characteristics that describe a common-cause failure.
3.5
corrective maintenance
maintenance carried out after fault recognition and intended to put an item into a state in which it can perform
a required function
NOTE For more specific information, see IEC 60050-191:1990, Figure 191-10.
3.6
critical failure
failure of an equipment unit that causes an immediate cessation of the ability to perform a required function
NOTE Includes failures requiring immediate action towards cessation of performing the function, even though actual
operation can continue for a short period of time. A critical failure results in an unscheduled repair.
3.7
degraded failure
failure that does not cease the fundamental function(s), but compromises one or several functions
NOTE The failure can be gradual, partial or both. The function can be compromised by any combination of reduced,
increased or erratic outputs. An immediate repair can normally be delayed but, in time, such failures can develop into a
critical failure if corrective actions are not taken.
3.8
demand
activation of the function (includes functional, operational and test activation)
NOTE For a more detailed description, see C.2.2.
3.9
down state
internal disabled state of an item characterized either by a fault or by a possible inability to perform a required
function during preventive maintenance
NOTE This state is related to availability performance (see 3.1).
3.10
down time
time interval during which an item is in a down state
NOTE The down time includes all the delays between the item failure and the restoration of its service. Down time
can be either planned or unplanned (see Table 4).
3.11
equipment class
class of similar type of equipment units (e.g. all pumps)
NOTE Annex A describes a variety of equipment classes.
© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved 3
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ISO 14224:2006(E)
3.12
equipment data
technical, operational and environmental parameters characterizing the design and use of an equipment unit
3.13
equipment unit
specific equipment unit within an equipment class as defined by its boundary (e.g. one pump)
3.14
error
discrepancy between a computed, observed or measured value or condition and the true, specified or
theoretically correct value or condition
NOTE 1 An error can be caused by a faulty item, e.g. a computing error made by faulty computer equipment.
NOTE 2 The French term “erreur” can also designate a mistake.
3.15
failure
termination of the ability of an item to perform a required function
NOTE 1 After the failure, the item has a fault.
NOTE 2 “Failure” is an event, as distinguished from a “fault,” which is a state.
NOTE 3 This concept as defined does not apply to items consisting of software only.
NOTE 4 See also Table B.1 and Clauses F.2 and F.3.
3.16
failure cause
root cause
circumstances associated with design, manufacture, installation, use and maintenance that have led to a
failure
NOTE See also B.2.3.
3.17
failure data
data characterizing the occurrence of a failure event
3.18
failure impact
impact of a failure on an equipment's function(s) or on the plant
NOTE On the equipment level, failure impact can be classified in three classes (critical, degraded, incipient); see 3.6,
3.7 and 3.26). Classification of failure impact on taxonomy levels 3 to 5 (see Figure 3) is shown in Table 3.
3.19
failure mechanism
physical, chemical or other process that leads to a failure
NOTE See also B.2.2.
3.20
failure mode
effect by which a failure is observed on the failed item
NOTE See also B.2.6.
4 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
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ISO 14224:2006(E)
3.21
failure on demand
failure occurring immediately when the item is solicited to start (e.g. stand-by emergency equipment)
NOTE See also Clause C.6.
3.22
fault
state of an item characterized by inability to perform a required function, excluding such inability during
preventive maintenance or other planned actions, or due to lack of external resources
3.23
generic reliability data
reliability data covering families of similar equipment
3.24
hidden failure
failure that is not immediately evident to operations and maintenance personnel
NOTE Equipment that fails to perform an “on demand” function falls into this category. It is necessary that such
failures be detected to be revealed.
3.25
idle time
part of the up time that an item is not operating
3.26
incipient failure
imperfection in the state or condition of an item so that a degraded or critical failure might (or might not)
eventually be the expected result if corrective actions are not taken
3.27
indenture level
level of subdivision of an item from the point of view of maintenance action
3.28
item
any part, component, device, subsystem, functional unit, equipment or system that can be individually
considered
NOTE In this International Standard, the common term “item” is used on all taxonomy levels 6 to 9 in Figure 3.
See also 3.30, which defines a specific item level.
3.29
logistic delay
that accumulated time during which maintenance cannot be carried out due to the necessity to acquire
maintenance resources, excluding any administrative delay
NOTE Logistic delays can be due to, for example, travelling to unattended installations, pending arrival of spare parts,
specialist, test equipment and information, and delays due to unsuitable environmental conditions (e.g. waiting on weather).
3.30
maintainable item
item that constitutes a part or an assembly of parts that is normally the lowest level in the equipment hierarchy
during maintenance
3.31
maintenance
combination of all technical and administrative actions, including supervisory actions, intended to retain an
item in, or restore it to, a state in which it can perform a required function
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ISO 14224:2006(E)
3.32
maintenance data
data characterizing the maintenance action planned or done
3.33
maintenance impact
impact of the maintenance on the plant or equipment’s function(s)
NOTE On the equipment level, two severity classes are defined: critical and non-critical. On plant level, three classes
are defined: total, partial or zero impact.
3.34
maintenance record
part of maintenance documentation that contains all failures, faults and maintenance information relating to an
item
NOTE This record can also include maintenance costs, item availability or up time and any other data where relevant.
3.35
maintainability
〈general〉 ability of an item under given conditions of use, to be retained in, or restored to, a state in which it
can perform a required function, when maintenance is performed under given conditions and using stated
procedures and resources
NOTE For a more detailed definition and interpretation of maintainability, see Annex C.
3.36
maintenance man-hours
accumulated duration of the individual maintenance times used by all maintenance personnel for a given type
of maintenance action or over a given time interval
NOTE 1 Maintenance man-hours are expressed in units of hours.
NOTE 2 As several people can work at the same time, man-hours are not directly related to other parameters like
MTTR or MDT (see definitions in Annex C.5).
3.37
modification
combination of all technical and administrative actions intended to change an item
NOTE Modification is not normally a part of maintenance, but is frequently performed by maintenance personnel.
3.38
non-critical failure
failure of an equipment unit that does not cause an immediate cessation of the ability to perform its required
function
NOTE Non-critical failures can be categorized as “degraded” (3.7) or “incipient” (3.26).
3.39
operating state
state when an item is performing a required function
3.40
operating ti
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