SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
(Main)Coating plants - Spray booths for application of organic powder coating material - Safety requirements
Coating plants - Spray booths for application of organic powder coating material - Safety requirements
1.1 This European Standard is applicable to spray booths for spray application of organic coating powder, called in this European Standard "powder spray booths", i.e. machinery and related equipment for automated and/or manual powder coating application processes.
This European Standard covers powder spray booths consisting of the following equipment:
- forced ventilation system;
- air filtering and coating powder recovery system;
- coating powder recycling system;
- delivery and circulating systems for coating powder (for instance hopper or tank, preparation and transfer new powder feeding);
- air conditioning system;
- automatic cleaning system;
- monitoring and/or control systems;
- fire detection and interlocking system;
- explosion protection system;
- mechanical aspects of product handling systems and reciprocators inside the powder spray booth;
- electrical equipment;
- powered doors and gates
joined together within or at a partially or totally enclosed structure (limited by walls, called space) for the controlled processing of spray application of organic coating powder.
This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to powder spray booths when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
NOTE Powder spray booths are classified in Annex !C".
In addition, it defines:
- the content of marking;
- the minimum requirements for use.
1.2 This European Standard does not cover:
a) powder spray booths in which the coating is applied by immersion in a fluidised bed;
b) powder spray booths for application of non combustible and inorganic coating powder and flock;
c) spraying equipment as covered by EN 1953, EN 50050, EN 50177;
d) machinery for the supply or circulation of coating material under pressure as covered by prEN 12621;
e) all loading and unloading systems;
f) automatic systems, e.g. robots as covered by EN 775 and control systems of
Beschichtungsanlagen - Spritzkabinen für organische Pulverlacke - Sicherheitsanforderungen
1.1 Diese Europäische Norm gilt für alle Spritzkabinen für organische Pulverlacke, die in dieser Euro-päischen Norm als "Pulverbeschichtungskabinen" bezeichnet werden, d. h. Maschinen und die zugehörige Ausrüstung für automatische und/oder manuelle Pulverbeschichtungsprozesse.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für alle Pulverbeschichtungskabinen mit folgender Ausrüstung:
- System für die technische Lüftung,
- Luftfilter- und Pulverlack-Rückgewinnungssystem,
- Rückführsystem für Pulverlacke,
- Systeme für die Zufuhr und den Umlauf für Beschichtungsstoffe (z. B. Trichter oder Tanks, Zubereitung und Transport, Zufuhr neuer Pulverlacke),
- Klimaanlage,
- automatisches Reinigungssystem,
- Steuer- und Regeleinrichtungen,
- Brandmeldesystem und Verriegelungseinrichtungen,
- Explosionsschutz-System,
- mechanische Aspekte bezüglich Fördersystemen und Dreheinrichtungen innerhalb der Pulver-beschichtungskabine,
- elektrische Ausrüstung,
- kraftbetriebene Türen und Tore,
die miteinander in einem teilweise oder vollständig umschlossenen räumlichen Bereich (begrenzt durch Wände) für das kontrollierte Auftragen von organischen Pulverlacken verbunden sind.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und gefähr-denden Ereignisse, die auf Pulverbeschichtungskabinen zutreffen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und entspre-chend den vorhersehbaren Bedingungen des Herstellers verwendet werden (siehe Abschnitt 4).
ANMERKUNG Die Einteilung von Pulverbeschichtungskabinen ist in Anhang C beschrieben.
Weiterhin legt diese Norm fest:
- den Umfang der Kennzeichnung,
- die Mindestanforderungen für die Verwendung.
1.2 Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für:
a) Pulverbeschichtungskabinen, in denen die Beschichtung durch Eintauchen in ein Fluidisierungsbad erfolgt;
b) Pulverbeschichtungskabinen zum Auftragen von nichtbrennbaren und anorganischen Pulverlacken und Flock;
(...)
Installations d'application - Cabinets d'installation par projection de peinture en poudre organique - Exigences de sécurité
1.1 La présente Norme européenne s'applique à toutes les cabines d'application par projection de revêtement en poudre organique, appelées dans le corps de la norme «cabines de poudrage», c’est-à-dire les machines et équipements associés pour les processus d’application automatique et/ou manuelle de la poudre de revêtement.
Dans le cadre de la présente Norme européenne, une cabine de poudrage est considérée comme un ensemble d’équipements suivants :
- le système de ventilation forcée ;
- le système de filtrage de l’air et de récupération de la poudre de revêtement ;
- le système de recyclage du revêtement en poudre ;
- équipements de stockage et d’alimentation de la poudre de revêtement (par exemple, trémie ou cuve, préparation et transfert de poudre non encore utilisée) ;
- le système d’air conditionné ;
- le système de nettoyage automatique ;
- les systèmes de commande et/ou de surveillance ;
- le système de détection d’incendie et de verrouillage ;
- le système de protection contre l’explosion ;
- les aspects mécaniques des systèmes de transport des produits et les réciprocateurs à l’intérieur de la cabine de poudrage ;
- les équipements électriques ;
- les portes motorisées et les rideaux ;
reliés ensemble partiellement ou complètement à l'intérieur d'une structure fermée (délimitée par des parois, appelée espace) pour le processus de commande de l'application par projection de revêtement en poudre organique.
La présente Norme européenne traite les phénomènes dangereux, situations et événements dangereux significatifs spécifiques aux cabines de poudrage lorsqu'elles sont utilisées normalement et dans les conditions prévues par le !fabricant" (voir Article 4).
NOTE Les cabines de poudrage sont classées à l’Annexe !C".
En outre, il définit :
- le contenu du marquage ;
- les exigences minimales d'utilisation.
Obrati za premaze in prevleke - Kabine za nanašanje organskih prahastih snovi - Varnostne zahteve
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Obrati za premaze in prevleke - Kabine za nanašanje organskih prahastih snovi - Varnostne zahteveBeschichtungsanlagen - Spritzkabinen für organische Pulverlacke - SicherheitsanforderungenInstallations d'application - Cabinets d'installation par projection de peinture en poudre organique - Exigences de sécuritéCoating plants - Spray booths for application of organic powder coating material - Safety requirements87.100Oprema za nanašanje premazovPaint coating equipment25.220.60Organske prevlekeOrganic coatingsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12981:2005+A1:2009SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009en,fr01-maj-2009SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12981:20051DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12981:2005+A1
April 2009 ICS 87.100 Supersedes EN 12981:2005English Version
Coating plants - Spray booths for application of organic powder coating material - Safety requirements
Installations d'application - Cabines d'application par projection de produit de revêtement en poudre organique - Exigences de sécurité
Beschichtungsanlagen - Spritzkabinen für organische Pulverlacke - Sicherheitsanforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 March 2005 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 22 February 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12981:2005+A1:2009: ESIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .40Introduction .51Scope .62Normative references .73Terms and definitions .94List of significant hazards . 144.1General . 144.2Mechanical hazards . 144.2.1Shearing, crushing, cutting, entanglement, drawing-in, impact hazards . 144.2.2Entrapment hazard . 144.2.3Personnel's slip, trip and fall hazards . 144.3Electrical hazards . 144.3.1Electrical shock (by direct or indirect contact) . 144.3.2Faulty earthing . 154.3.3Electromagnetic influences . 154.3.4Electrostatic phenomena . 154.4Hazards generated by noise . 154.5Hazards generated by dangerous substances . 154.5.1Hazards resulting from contact with coating powder . 154.5.2Hazards resulting from inhalation of coating powder . 154.6Fire and explosion hazards . 154.7Hazards caused by failure of the energy supply and malfunction of the control system . 165Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 165.1General . 165.2Mechanical safety requirements . 165.2.1Safeguarding of danger points . 165.2.2Protective measures against entrapment . 185.2.3Protective measures against personnel’s slip, trip and fall . 195.2.4Control system . 195.2.5Warning devices, indicators, markings and actuating devices . 205.3Electrical safety requirements . 205.3.1General . 205.3.2Protective measures against contact with electrically live parts . 205.3.3Protective measures regarding earthing . 215.3.4Protective measures on electromagnetic influences. 215.3.5Protective measures against electrostatic phenomena . 215.4Safety requirements and protective measures against noise . 215.5Safety requirements against dangerous substances . 225.5.1Protective measures against contact with coating powder . 225.5.2Protective measures against inhalation of coating powder . 225.6Safety requirements and protective measures against fire and explosion . 245.6.1Fire . 245.6.2Explosions . 255.7Safety requirements and protective measures in case of failure of energy supply . 276Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures . 276.1General . 276.2Verification of the mechanical safety requirements . 286.2.1General . 28SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 3 6.2.2Control system . 286.3Verification of the electrical safety requirements . 286.3.1Protective measures of contact with live parts . 286.3.2Protective measures of earthing . 286.3.3Protective measures against electromagnetic influence . 286.3.4Protective measures against electrostatic phenomena . 286.4Verification of the safety requirements and measures against noise . 286.5Verification of requirements against dangerous substances. 286.5.1Protective measures from contact with coating powder . 286.5.2Preventive measures of inhalation of coating powder . 286.6Verification of the safety requirements and protective measures against fire and explosion . 326.6.1Fire . 326.6.2Explosions . 326.7Verification of the safety requirements and protective measures against failure of energy supply . 337Information for use . 337.1General . 337.2Instruction handbook . 337.2.1General . 337.2.2Instructions for use . 347.2.3Information relating to maintenance . 357.3Marking . 36Annex A (normative)
Diagrams relative to hazardous zones of potentially explosive atmosphere . 37Annex B (normative)
Determination of concentration of combustible coating powder in terms of LEL . 39B.1Equations . 39B.2Examples of calculation – Determination of concentration of combustible coating powder on base of a given average design air velocity . 40Annex C (informative)
Diagrams relative to powder spray booths classification . 43Annex D (informative)
Classification of construction material’s reaction to fire - National standards. 45Annex E (informative)
References to National Exposure Limit Values . 46Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC !, amended by 98/79/EC" . 47Annex ZB (informative)
!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC" . 48Bibliography . 49 SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12981:2005+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 271 “Surface treatment equipment — Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-02-22. This document supersedes EN 12981:2005. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ". NOTE Although a spray booth, as an integral whole, formally does not fall under the scope of the ATEX Directive 94/9/EC, the standard is based upon a fundamental risk analysis according to this directive. This European Standard includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 5 0 Introduction This European Standard is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situation and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this European Standard. The specific requirements which manufacturers shall include in the information for use are given in Clause 7. SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 6 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard is applicable to spray booths for spray application of organic coating powder, called in this European Standard “powder spray booths”, i.e. machinery and related equipment for automated and/or manual powder coating application processes. This European Standard covers powder spray booths consisting of the following equipment: forced ventilation system; air filtering and coating powder recovery system; coating powder recycling system; delivery and circulating systems for coating powder (for instance hopper or tank, preparation and transfer new powder feeding); air conditioning system; automatic cleaning system; monitoring and/or control systems; fire detection and interlocking system; explosion protection system; mechanical aspects of product handling systems and reciprocators inside the powder spray booth; electrical equipment; powered doors and gates joined together within or at a partially or totally enclosed structure (limited by walls, called space) for the controlled processing of spray application of organic coating powder. This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to powder spray booths when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). NOTE Powder spray booths are classified in Annex !C". In addition, it defines: the content of marking; the minimum requirements for use. 1.2 This European Standard does not cover: a) powder spray booths in which the coating is applied by immersion in a fluidised bed; b) powder spray booths for application of non combustible and inorganic coating powder and flock; c) spraying equipment as covered by EN 1953, EN 50050, EN 50177; SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 7 d) machinery for the supply or circulation of coating material under pressure as covered by prEN 12621; e) all loading and unloading systems; f) automatic systems, e.g. robots as covered by EN 775 and control systems of powder spray booths influencing these systems (e.g. teaching of the spraying process); g) powder spray booths for application of coating powder for food-stuffs and pharmaceuticals; h) spraying areas characterized by an open space for application of organic powder coating material which is limited only by one side wall used for extraction of exhaust ventilation; i) limiting walls of powder spray booths if they are constituent parts of a building. 1.3 This European Standard is not applicable to powder spray booths which are manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 179, Building hardware — Emergency exit devices operated by a lever handle or push pad !, for use on escape routes" — Requirements and test methods EN 294, Safety of machinery — Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 418, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects — Principles for design EN 619, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for equipment for mechanical handling of unit loads EN 775, Manipulating industrial robots — Safety (ISO 10218:1992, modified) EN 811, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the lower limbs EN 842, Safety of machinery — Visual danger signals — General requirements, design and testing EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design CR 954-100, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 100: Guide on the use and application of EN 954-1:1996 EN 971-1:1996, Paints and varnishes — Terms and definitions for coating materials — Part 1: General terms EN 981, Safety of machinery — System of auditory and visual danger and information signals EN 999, Safety of machinery — The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach speeds of parts of the human body SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 8 EN 1037, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection EN 1127-1:1997, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Basic concepts and methodology EN 13463-1:2001, Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 1: Basic method and requirements EN 13463-5, Non-electrical equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 5: Protection by constructional safety "c" EN 13478, Safety of machinery — Fire prevention and protection !EN 14462:2005, Surface treatment equipment — Noise test code for surface treatment equipment including its ancillary handling equipment — Accuracy grades 2 and 3" !EN 14986", Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres EN 50015, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Oil immersion "o" EN 50017, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Powder filling "q" EN 50020, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Intrinsic safety "i" EN 50050, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Electrostatic hand-held spraying equipment EN 50177:1996, Automatic electrostatic spraying installations for flammable coating powder EN 50281-1-2, Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust — Part 1-2: Electrical apparatus protected by enclosures — Selection, installation and maintenance EN 60079-0, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 0: General requirements
(IEC 60079-0:2004) EN 60079-1, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 1: Flameproof enclosure "d" (IEC 60079-1:2003) EN 60079-7, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 7: Increased safety “e”
(IEC 60079-7:2001) EN 60079-17, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 17: Inspection and maintenance of electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than mines) (IEC 60079-17:2002) EN 60079-18, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 18: Construction, test and marking of type of protection encapsulation “m” electrical apparatus (IEC 60079-18:2004) EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:1997) EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN 61000-6-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-1: Generic standards — Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-1:1997, modified) SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 9 EN 61000-6-3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-3: Generic standards — Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-3:1996, modified) EN 61000-6-4, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-4: Generic standards — Emission standard for industrial environment (IEC 61000-6-4:1997, modified) EN 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61010-1:2001) EN 61310-1, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:1995) EN 61310-2, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 2: Requirements for marking (IEC 61310-2:1995) EN 61310-3, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of actuators (IEC 61310-3:1999) EN 61496-1:2004, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2004, modified) !deleted text" EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 14122-1, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001) EN ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001) EN ISO 14122-3, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2001) ISO 3864-1, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas IEC 61496-2, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 2: Particular requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 971-1:1996,
EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 powder spray booth assembly of linked components such as forced ventilation by one or more fans, air filtering and coating powder recovery system, coating powder recycling system, measuring and control devices (e.g. interlocking of forced ventilation and spraying device), fire detection and interlocking, explosion protection system, automatic cleaning system, air conditioning system, warning devices, electrical apparatus, joined together within or at a partially or totally enclosed structure (limited by walls, called space) for the controlled processing of spray application of organic coating powder SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 10 NOTE Different kind of powder spray booth are described in Annex !C", e.g.: powder spray booth with operator inside the booth (see Figure !C.1" of Annex !C"); powder spray booth with operator outside the booth (see Figure !C.2" of Annex !C"); powder spray booth without operator but with supports for automatic spraying device outside the booth (see !C.3"); powder spray booth with operator and supports for automatic spraying device outside the booth (see Figure !C.4"); powder spray booth with operator and automatic spraying device inside the booth (see Figure !C.5" of Annex !C"). This kind of powder spray booth can also be designed as a multizone powder spray booth. 3.2 powder coating material; coating powder solvent-free coating material in powder form which, after fusing and possible curing, gives a continuous film (see 1.41 of EN 971-1:1996) 3.3 application action of depositing coating powder on a substrate so that it adheres to the surface to be coated 3.4 electrostatic process sprayed coating powder electrostatically charged, and attracted by the surface of the earthed unheated or preheated workpiece 3.5 flammable substance substance in form of gas, vapour, liquid, solid, or mixtures of these, able to undergo an exothermic reaction with air when ignited (see 3.1 of EN 1127-1:1997) NOTE “Flammable substances” and “combustible material” are equivalently used terms in this European Standard. 3.6 forced ventilation system ensures the air exchange by fan(s) or by other powered means NOTE Forced ventilation systems are using exhaust air units with devices for material separation and – optional – automatic cleaning, and, in addition, if applicable a supply air unit with devices for filtering, air conditioning and automatic powder recycling. 3.7 supply air consists either totally of outside air or by energetic reasons of a mixture of outside air with recirculation air. The recirculation airflow may consist of exhaust air and/or recirculated clean air. Air introduced in the powder spray booth serves to replace the collection air, to reduce the concentration of air pollutants in the work region and to supply air for technological processes 3.8 explosive atmosphere mixture with air, under atmospheric conditions, of flammable substances in the form of gases, vapours, mists or dusts, in which, after ignition has occurred, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixture (see 3.17 of EN 1127-1:1997) NOTE In this European Standard, explosive atmosphere is only due to dust resulting from used coating powder. SIST EN 12981:2005+A1:2009
EN 12981:2005+A1:2009 (E) 11 3.9 explosion range range of the concentration of a flammable substance in air, within which an explosion can occur (see 3.13 of EN 1127-1:1997) 3.10 lower explosion limit (LEL) lower limit of the explosion range (see 3.8 of EN 1127-1:1997) 3.11 average
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