SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
(Main)Petroleum products - Transparent and opaque liquids - Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104:2020)
Petroleum products - Transparent and opaque liquids - Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104:2020)
This document specifies Procedure A, using manual glass viscometers, and Procedure B, using glass
capillary viscometers in an automated assembly, for the determination of the kinematic viscosity, ν,
of liquid petroleum products, both transparent and opaque, by measuring the time for a volume of
liquid to flow under gravity through a calibrated glass capillary viscometer. The dynamic viscosity, η,
is obtained by multiplying the measured kinematic viscosity by the density, ρ, of the liquid. The range
of kinematic viscosities covered in this test method is from 0,2 mm2/s to 300 000 mm2/s over the
temperature range –20 °C to +150 °C.
NOTE The result obtained from this document is dependent upon the behaviour of the sample and is intended
for application to liquids for which primarily the shear stress and shear rates are proportional (Newtonian flow
behaviour). If, however, the viscosity varies significantly with the rate of shear, different results can be obtained
from viscometers of different capillary diameters. The procedure and precision values for residual fuel oils,
which under some conditions exhibit non-Newtonian behaviour, have been included.
Mineralölerzeugnisse - Durchsichtige und undurchsichtige Flüssigkeiten - Bestimmung der kinematischen Viskosität und Berechnung der dynamischen Viskosität (ISO 3104:2020)
Dieses Dokument legt Verfahren A mit manuellen Glas-Viskosimetern und Verfahren B mit Glas-Kapillarviskosimetern in einer automatisierten Apparatur zur Bestimmung der kinematischen Viskosität ν von flüssigen, sowohl durchsichtigen als auch undurchsichtigen, Mineralölerzeugnissen fest. Dabei wird die Durchflusszeit eines Flüssigkeitsvolumens unter dem Einfluss der Schwerkraft durch ein kalibriertes Glas-Kapillarviskosimeter gemessen. Die dynamische Viskosität η wird erhalten, indem die gemessene kinematische Viskosität mit der Dichte ρ der Flüssigkeit multipliziert wird. Die mit diesem Prüfverfahren abgedeckten kinematischen Viskositäten liegen im Bereich von 0,2 mm2/s bis 300 000 mm2/s über den Temperaturbereich −20 °C bis +150 °C.
ANMERKUNG Das mit diesem Dokument erhaltene Ergebnis hängt vom Verhalten der Probe ab; die Norm ist für Flüssigkeiten vorgesehen, für die in erster Linie Schubspannung und Schergeschwindigkeit proportional sind (Newtonsches Fließverhalten). Wenn sich jedoch die Viskosität signifikant mit der Schergeschwindigkeit ändert, können unterschiedliche Ergebnisse mit Viskosimetern unterschiedlichen Kapillardurchmessers erhalten werden. Das Verfahren und Präzisionswerte für Rückstandsheizöle, die unter gewissen Bedingungen nicht-newtonsches Verhalten zeigen, wurden ebenfalls aufgenommen.
WARNUNG - Dieses Dokument beansprucht nicht, alle damit verbundenen Sicherheitsprobleme, soweit vorhanden, zu behandeln. Es liegt in der Verantwortung des Anwenders dieses Dokuments, vor der Anwendung dieses Dokuments geeignete Maßnahmen für die Sicherheit und den Gesundheitsschutz des Personals zu ergreifen, und die Geltung weiterer Auflagen zu prüfen.
Produits pétroliers - Liquides opaques et transparents - Détermination de la viscosité cinématique et calcul de la viscosité dynamique (ISO 3104:2020)
Le présent document spécifie un Mode opératoire A utilisant des viscosimètres manuels en verre et un Mode opératoire B utilisant des viscosimètres à capillaires en verre dans un assemblage automatisé, pour la détermination de la viscosité cinématique, ν, de produits pétroliers liquides transparents et opaques, pour un volume de liquide s'écoulant sous la gravité à travers un viscosimètre à capillaires en verre étalonné. La viscosité dynamique, η, est obtenue en multipliant la viscosité cinématique mesurée par la masse volumique, ρ, du liquide. La plage de viscosités cinématiques couverte dans la présente méthode d'essai est comprise entre 0,2 mm2/s et 300 000 mm2/s sur la plage de températures de ?20 °C à +150 °C.
NOTE Le résultat obtenu avec le présent document dépend du comportement de l'échantillon et est destiné à une application sur des liquides dont les contraintes de cisaillement et les vitesses de cisaillement sont essentiellement proportionnelles (comportement d'écoulement newtonien). Si, cependant, la viscosité varie considérablement avec la vitesse de cisaillement, des résultats différents peuvent être obtenus à partir de viscosimètres ayant des diamètres de capillaire différents. Ont été inclus le mode opératoire et les valeurs de fidélité pour des combustibles résiduels qui, dans certaines conditions, présentent un comportement non newtonien.
Naftni proizvodi - Prozorne in neprozorne tekočine - Določevanje kinematične viskoznosti in izračun dinamične viskoznosti (ISO 3104:2020)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
01-december-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 3104:1998
SIST EN ISO 3104:1998/AC:1999
Naftni proizvodi - Prozorne in neprozorne tekočine - Določevanje kinematične
viskoznosti in izračun dinamične viskoznosti (ISO 3104:2020)
Petroleum products - Transparent and opaque liquids - Determination of kinematic
viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104:2020)
Mineralölerzeugnisse - Durchsichtige und undurchsichtige Flüssigkeiten - Bestimmung
der kinematischen Viskosität und Berechnung der dynamischen Viskosität (ISO3104:2020)
Produits pétroliers - Liquides opaques et transparents - Détermination de la viscosité
cinématique et calcul de la viscosité dynamique (ISO 3104:2020)Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 3104:2020
ICS:
75.080 Naftni proizvodi na splošno Petroleum products in
general
SIST EN ISO 3104:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
EN ISO 3104
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.080 Supersedes EN ISO 3104:1996
English Version
Petroleum products - Transparent and opaque liquids -
Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of
dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104:2020)
Produits pétroliers - Liquides opaques et transparents Mineralölerzeugnisse - Durchsichtige und
- Détermination de la viscosité cinématique et calcul de undurchsichtige Flüssigkeiten - Bestimmung der
la viscosité dynamique (ISO 3104:2020) kinematischen Viskosität und Berechnung der
dynamischen Viskosität (ISO 3104:2020)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 July 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 3104:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
EN ISO 3104:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
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EN ISO 3104:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 3104:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28 "Petroleum
and related products, fuels and lubricants from natural or synthetic sources" in collaboration with
Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of
petroleum, synthetic and biological origin.” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2021.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 3104:1996.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 3104:2020 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 3104:2020 without any modification.
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 3104
Third edition
2020-09
Petroleum products — Transparent
and opaque liquids — Determination
of kinematic viscosity and calculation
of dynamic viscosity
Produits pétroliers — Liquides opaques et transparents —
Détermination de la viscosité cinématique et calcul de la viscosité
dynamique
Reference number
ISO 3104:2020(E)
ISO 2020
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
ISO 3104:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
ISO 3104:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2
5 Reagents and materials ................................................................................................................................................................................. 2
6 Apparatus design and requirements ............................................................................................................................................... 3
7 Verification ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
7.1 Viscometer .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
7.2 Liquid-in-glass thermometer...................................................................................................................................................... 6
7.3 Digital contact thermometer ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
7.4 Timer ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
8 Re-calibration .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
9 Quality control ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
10 Sample preparation ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
10.1 Pre-analysis sample conditioning ........................................................................................................................................... 7
10.2 Visual inspection and filtering ................................................................................................................................................... 8
11 Procedure A — Manual equipment ................................................................................................................................................... 8
12 Procedure B — Automated equipment ......................................................................................................................................10
13 Cleaning of the viscometer tube ........................................................................................................................................................11
14 Calculation ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................11
14.1 Procedure A — Manual viscometers .................................................................................................................................11
14.2 Procedure B — Automated viscometers ........................................................................................................................12
15 Expression of results .....................................................................................................................................................................................13
16 Precision of procedure A ...........................................................................................................................................................................13
16.1 Determinability, d .............................................................................................................................................................................13
16.2 Repeatability, r ....................................................................................................................................................................................14
16.3 Reproducibility, R .............................................................................................................................................................................14
17 Precision of Procedure B ...........................................................................................................................................................................15
17.1 Determinability, d .............................................................................................................................................................................15
17.2 Repeatability, r ....................................................................................................................................................................................15
17.3 Reproducibility, R .............................................................................................................................................................................15
18 Test report ................................................................................................................................................................................................................15
Annex A (normative) Viscometer types, calibration and verification ............................................................................17
Annex B (normative) Thermometers for kinematic viscosity test .....................................................................................18
Annex C (normative) Conditioning of samples prior to manual or automated analysis .............................22
Annex D (normative) Calculation of acceptable tolerance zone (band) to determineconformance with a certified reference material ...........................................................................................................23
Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................24
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
ISO 3104:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum and related products, fuels
and lubricants from natural or synthetic sources.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 3104:1994), which has been technically
revised.The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— precision data have been updated to all actual fuels on the market;
— biodiesel (FAME) blends and paraffinic diesel have been included in the scope;
— the procedure description and allowance of automated techniques have been included.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
ISO 3104:2020(E)
Introduction
Many petroleum products, and some non-petroleum materials, are used as lubricants, and the correct
operation of equipment depends upon the appropriate viscosity of the liquid being used. In addition,
the viscosity of many petroleum fuels is important for the estimation of optimum storage, handling
and operational conditions. Thus, the accurate measurement of viscosity is essential to many product
specifications.© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3104:2020(E)
Petroleum products — Transparent and opaque liquids
— Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of
dynamic viscosity
WARNING — This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any,
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of users of this document to take appropriate
measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to the application of this document,
and to determine the applicability of any other restrictions.1 Scope
This document specifies Procedure A, using manual glass viscometers, and Procedure B, using glass
capillary viscometers in an automated assembly, for the determination of the kinematic viscosity, ν,
of liquid petroleum products, both transparent and opaque, by measuring the time for a volume of
liquid to flow under gravity through a calibrated glass capillary viscometer. The dynamic viscosity, η,
is obtained by multiplying the measured kinematic viscosity by the density, ρ, of the liquid. The range
2 2of kinematic viscosities covered in this test method is from 0,2 mm /s to 300 000 mm /s over the
temperature range –20 °C to +150 °C.NOTE The result obtained from this document is dependent upon the behaviour of the sample and is intended
for application to liquids for which primarily the shear stress and shear rates are proportional (Newtonian flow
behaviour). If, however, the viscosity varies significantly with the rate of shear, different results can be obtained
from viscometers of different capillary diameters. The procedure and precision values for residual fuel oils,
which under some conditions exhibit non-Newtonian behaviour, have been included.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3105, Glass capillary kinematic viscometers — Specifications and operating instructions
ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ASTM E1137, Standard Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
ASTM E2877, Standard Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
ISO 3104:2020(E)
3.1
kinematic viscosity
resistance to flow of a fluid under gravity
Note 1 to entry: For gravity flow under a given hydrostatic head, the pressure head of a liquid is proportional to
its density, ρ. For any particular viscometer, the time of flow of a fixed volume of fluid is directly proportional to
its kinematic viscosity, ν:ν = η/ρ
Note 2 to entry: where η is the dynamic viscosity coefficient.
3.2
dynamic viscosity
coefficient of dynamic viscosity
viscosity
ratio between the applied shear stress and rate of shear of a liquid
Note 1 to entry: It is a measure of the resistance to flow or deformation of a liquid.
Note 2 to entry: The term dynamic viscosity is also used in a different context to denote a frequency-dependent
quantity in which shear stress and shear rate have a sinusoidal time dependence.3.3
density
mass per unit volume of a substance at a given temperature
4 Principle
The time is measured for a fixed volume of liquid to flow under gravity through the glass capillary
of a calibrated viscometer under a reproducible driving head and at a known and closely controlled
temperature. The kinematic viscosity is the product of the measured flow time and the calibration
constant of the viscometer.5 Reagents and materials
5.1 Cleaning solution, strongly-oxidizing cleaning solution or alkaline cleaning solutions can be used.
Alkaline cleaning solutions with a pH of greater than 10 are not recommended as they have been shown
to change the viscometer calibration. If these are used, then the viscometer calibration should be
verified to ensure there is no change.5.2 Sample solvent, completely miscible a prewash with an aromatic solvent such as toluene or
heptane might be necessary to remove asphaltenic material. When cleaning capillaries inside the bath,
the boiling point of the cleaning solution shall be higher than the bath temperature.
5.3 Drying solvent, suitable and volatile at the used temperature. Filter before use. If moisture
remains, use a drying solvent miscible with water (5.4).NOTE When cleaning capillaries inside the bath and if the bath temperature is higher than 50 °C, acetone is
not suitable.5.4 Water, deionized or distilled, conforming to Grade 3 of ISO 3696:1987. Filter before use.
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
ISO 3104:2020(E)
5.5 Certified viscosity reference standards (CRM), with data provided by an accredited calibration
laboratory — traceable to the international agreed value of distilled water (1,003 4 mm /s at 20 °C as
specified in ISO/TR 3666) and calibrated in accordance with a standard practice for the basic calibration
[8]of master viscometers and viscosity oils, such as in ASTM D2162 . ISO 17034 specifies the requirements
for CRM producers.6 Apparatus design and requirements
6.1 Drying tubes, consisting of a desiccant drying system, consisting of either externally mounted
drying tubes or an integrated desiccant drying system designed to remove ambient moisture from the
capillary tube. Ensure that they are packed loosely and that the desiccant is not saturated with water.
6.2 Sample filter, micron screen or fretted (sintered) glass filter, no more than 75 µm.
6.3 Reagent filter, micron screen or fretted (sintered) glass filter, no more than 11 µm.
6.4 Ultrasonic bath, unheated — with an operating frequency between 25 kHz to 60 kHz and a typical
power output of ≤100 W, of suitable dimensions to hold container(s) placed inside of bath, for use in
effectively dissipating and removing air or gas bubbles that can be entrained in viscous sample types
prior to analysis. It is permissible to use ultra-sonic baths with operating frequencies and power outputs
outside this range; however, it is the responsibility of the laboratory to conduct a data comparison study
to confirm that results determined with and without the use of such ultrasonic baths does not materially
impact results.6.5 Manual apparatus
6.5.1 Glass capillary viscometer, calibrated in accordance with ISO 3105.
The viscometer shall have a certificate of calibration provided by a laboratory that meets ISO/IEC 17025.
The calibration constant should be checked before first use of the capillary and only changed if
necessary.The calibration constant, C, is dependent upon the gravitational acceleration at the place of calibration.
The variation in the value of g across the earth’s surface is about 0,5 % due to latitude plus approximately
0,003 % per 100 m altitude. Apply a gravity correction to the viscometer calibration constant as in
Formula (1), if the acceleration of gravity of the testing laboratory differs by more than 0,1 % of the
calibration laboratory.
CC= (1)
where the subscripts 1 and 2 indicate, respectively, the calibration laboratory and the testing laboratory.
NOTE Calculation of acceleration of gravity values can be found at www .NPL .co .uk.
IMPORTANT — Viscometers used for silicone fluids, fluorocarbons and other liquids, which are
difficult to remove using a cleaning agent, shall be reserved for the exclusive use of those fluids,
except during their calibration. Subject such viscometers to calibration checks at frequent
intervals. The solvent washings from these viscometers shall not be used for the cleaning of
other viscometers. If the viscometer is cleaned using the material in 5.1 then the user shall
verify the calibration before further use.© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 3104:2020
ISO 3104:2020(E)
6.5.2 Viscometer holder or mounting device within the temperature-controlled bath, enabling
the glass viscometer to be suspended so that the upper meniscus is directly above the lower meniscus
vertically within 1° in all directions.Those viscometers whose upper meniscus is offset from directly above the lower meniscus shall be
suspended vertically within 0,3° in all directions (see ISO 3105).The proper alignment of vertical parts may be confirmed by using a plumb line, but for rectangular
baths with opaque ends, this might not be possible.6.5.3 Temperature-controlled bath, containing a transparent liquid of sufficient depth such that at
no time during the measurement is any portion of the sample in the viscometer less than 20 mm below
the surface of the bath liquid or less than 20 mm above the bottom of the bath.Temperature control of the bath liquid shall be such that, for each series of flow-time measurements,
within the range of 15 °C to 100 °C the temperature of the bath medium does not vary by more
than ±0,02 °C from the selected temperature over the length of the viscometer, and/or between the
position of each viscometer, and/or at the location of the thermometer i.e. the temperature needs to
be constant at the capillary and at the position of the thermometer within a maximum difference of
0,04 °C. For temperatures outside this range, the deviation from the desired temperature shall not
exceed ±0,05 °C.Adjust and maintain the viscometer bath at the required test temperature within the limits given
in 6.5.3, taking account of the conditions given in Annex B and of the corrections supplied on the
certificates of calibration for the thermometers. Maintain the bath temperature at the test temperature
using the readings of the temperature measuring device with the corrections supplied by the certificate
of calibration.Thermometers shall be held in an upright position under the same conditions of immersion as when
calibrated. In order to obtain the most reliable temperature measurement, it is recommended that two
thermometers with valid calibration certificates be used. They should be viewed with a lens assembly
giving approximately 5× magnification and be arranged to eliminate parallax errors.
6.5.4 Temperature-measuring device, for the range 0 °C to 100 °C, being either:a) a calibrated liquid-in-glass thermometer, (see Annex B) with a calibration and measurement
capability (CMC) of ±0,02 °C after correction or better, orb) a digital contact thermometer (DTC) as described in 6.5.4.2 with equal or better CMC.
6.5.4.1 The calibration data should be traceable to a calibration or metrology standards body and
meet the uncertainty of measurement required. The calibration certificate shall include data covering the
series of temperature test points which are appropriate for its intended use. When two thermometers are
used in the same bath in this range, they shall agree within 0,04 °C. See Annex B for the list of complying
thermometers.If calibrated liquid-in-glass thermometers are used, the use of two thermometers is recommended.
Outside the range 0 °C to 100 °C, a calibrated liquid in-glass thermometer (see Annex B) or a DTC as
described in 6.5.4.2 with a CMC of ±0,05 °C or better shall be used, and when two thermometers are
used in the same bath they shall agree within ±0,1 °C.When using liquid-in-glass thermometers, use a magnifying device to read the thermometer to
the nearest 1/5 division (e.g. 0,01 °C or 0,02 °C) to ensur...
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