SIST-TP CEN ISO/TR 6026:2023
(Main)Electronic fee collection - Pre-study on the use of vehicle licence plate information and automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) technologies (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
Electronic fee collection - Pre-study on the use of vehicle licence plate information and automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) technologies (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
A gap analysis related to the use of vehicle licence plate information and ANPR technology in EFC systems, notably based on DSRC and GNSS, provisionally covering
• State of play (user needs, existing regulations and standards)
• Recommendations regarding the use of existing standards
• Recommendations to close identified gaps, notably in terms of proposed (extensions of or new) standards
• Informative annexe on use cases, such as
o Degraded mode – usage of white lists
o Trip (re)construction
o Occasional users: pre-registration for a given trip, for a period
o Occasional users: post-trip actions to ensure voluntary compliance
o Non-compliance – OBE mounted in wrong vehicle
o Non-compliance – detection of fraudulent user
It is outside the scope of this document to define Interoperable Toll collection Service exclusively based on vehicle license plate.
Elektronische Gebührenerhebung - Vorstudie zur Nutzung von Kennzeicheninformationen und automatischer Kennzeichenerkennung (ANPR) Technologien (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
Perception de télépéage - Pré-étude sur l'utilisation des informations de la plaque d'immatriculation du véhicule et la technologie de la lecture automatique des plaques minéralogiques (LAPI) (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
Le présent document donne une analyse de l’utilisation des technologies d’extraction des informations portées par le numéro d'immatriculation (LPN) et de lecture automatique des plaques d’immatriculation (LAPI) dans le contexte de la perception électronique du télépéage (EFC), par la description du contexte légal, technique et fonctionnel de la perception électronique du télépéage basée sur le LPN. Il donne également une analyse des lacunes des normes de perception électronique du télépéage afin d'identifier les actions à entreprendre pour soutenir l'utilisation normalisée des technologies identifiées, ainsi qu'une feuille de route pour combler les lacunes identifiées.
L'analyse des lacunes figurant dans le présent document se fonde sur les cas d'utilisation, les réglementations en vigueur, les normes et les meilleures pratiques dans le domaine de la perception électronique du télépéage, sur la base du modèle du Service européen de télépéage (SET)[27].
Des exemples de systèmes de péage basés sur les numéros d'immatriculation (LPN) sont donnés dans l’Annexe A.
Elektronsko pobiranje pristojbin - Predštudija o uporabi informacij o registrskih tablicah vozil in tehnologij za samodejno prepoznavanje registrskih tablic (ANPR) (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
Analiza vrzeli v zvezi z uporabo informacij o registrskih tablicah vozil in tehnologijo ANPR v sistemih EFC, zlasti na podlagi DSRC in GNSS, ki začasno zajema:
• trenutno stanje (potrebe uporabnikov, obstoječi predpisi in standardi);
• priporočila za uporabo obstoječih standardov;
• priporočila za odpravo ugotovljenih vrzeli, zlasti v smislu predlaganih (razširitev ali novih) standardov;
• informativne dodatke o primerih uporabe, npr.:
o degradirani način – uporaba belih seznamov;
o (re)konstrukcija potovanja;
o občasni uporabniki: predprijava za potovanje, za obdobje;
o občasni uporabniki: ukrepi po potovanju za zagotovitev prostovoljne skladnosti;
o neskladnost – oprema nameščena v napačno vozilo;
o neskladnost – odkrivanje lažnega uporabnika.
Določanje interoperabilne storitve cestninjenja izključno na podlagi registrske tablice vozila ne spada na področje uporabe tega dokumenta.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CEN ISO/TR 6026:2023
01-januar-2023
Elektronsko pobiranje pristojbin - Predštudija o uporabi informacij o registrskih
tablicah vozil in tehnologij za samodejno prepoznavanje registrskih tablic (ANPR)
(ISO/TR 6026:2022)
Electronic fee collection - Pre-study on the use of vehicle licence plate information and
automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) technologies (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
Elektronische Gebührenerhebung - Vorstudie zur Nutzung von
Kennzeicheninformationen und automatischer Kennzeichenerkennung (ANPR)
Technologien (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
Perception de télépéage - Pré-étude sur l'utilisation des informations de la plaque
d'immatriculation du véhicule et la technologie de la lecture automatique des plaques
minéralogiques (LAPI) (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN ISO/TR 6026:2022
ICS:
03.220.20 Cestni transport Road transport
35.240.60 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in transport
prometu
SIST-TP CEN ISO/TR 6026:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TP CEN ISO/TR 6026:2023
CEN ISO/TR 6026
TECHNICAL REPORT
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
September 2022
TECHNISCHER REPORT
ICS 03.220.20; 35.240.60
English Version
Electronic fee collection - Pre-study on the use of vehicle
licence plate information and automatic number plate
recognition (ANPR) technologies (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
Perception de télépéage - Pré-étude sur l'utilisation des Elektronische Gebührenerhebung - Vorstudie zur
informations de la plaque d'immatriculation du Nutzung von Kennzeicheninformationen und
véhicule et la technologie de la lecture automatique des automatischer Kennzeichenerkennung (ANPR)
plaques minéralogiques (LAPI) (ISO/TR 6026:2022) Technologien (ISO/TR 6026:2022)
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 12 August 2022. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 278.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN ISO/TR 6026:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
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CEN ISO/TR 6026:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (CEN ISO/TR 6026:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204
"Intelligent transport systems" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 278 “Intelligent
transport systems” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/TR 6026:2022 has been approved by CEN as CEN ISO/TR 6026:2022 without any
modification.
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SIST-TP CEN ISO/TR 6026:2023
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 6026
First edition
2022-08
Electronic fee collection — Pre-study
on the use of vehicle licence plate
information and automatic number
plate recognition (ANPR) technologies
Perception de télépéage — Pré-étude sur l'utilisation des
informations de la plaque d'immatriculation du véhicule et la
technologie de la lecture automatique des plaques minéralogiques
(LAPI)
Reference number
ISO/TR 6026:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
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SIST-TP CEN ISO/TR 6026:2023
ISO/TR 6026:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
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Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 Legal context of LPN information. 5
5.1 Regulated licence plate . 5
5.2 Physical characteristics of the licence plate . 5
5.2.1 General . 5
5.2.2 Licence plate characteristics in Europe . 6
5.3 Licence plate properties . 6
5.4 Illegal licence plates . 9
6 LPN information for EFC .9
6.1 General principles . 9
6.2 Limitations of the LPN . 10
6.3 LPN recognition process (ANPR) . 10
6.4 Limitations of LPN recognition process (ANPR) . 13
6.5 LPN validation . 15
7 Scenario — ANPR-based EFC .16
7.1 Description of the scenario. 16
7.2 Use cases . 16
7.3 Business processes . 16
7.4 Technical interfaces (TI) . 24
8 Use cases .25
8.1 Define toll context . 25
8.2 Register user . 27
8.3 Recognize user with LPN .28
8.4 Charge user .28
8.5 Enforce payment . 29
8.6 Handle exceptions (errors) .29
9 Technologies for LPN recognition.30
9.1 Technologies associated with ANPR . 30
9.2 Components of ANPR system .30
9.3 Image acquisition . 31
9.4 Central management . 31
9.5 Image authentication . 31
9.6 Communication . 31
9.7 Human-machine interface . 31
9.8 Challenges in the identification process . 32
9.8.1 Accuracy . 32
9.8.2 Margin of error . 32
10 Gap analysis .33
10.1 General . 33
10.2 Technical interfaces . 33
10.2.1 TI-1 Toll context definition . 33
10.2.2 TI-2 User registration .34
10.2.3 TI-3 User list exchange .34
10.2.4 TI-4 User recognition .35
10.2.5 TI-5 Billing . 36
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10.2.6 TI-6 User data retrieval . 36
10.2.7 TI-7 Enforcement . . 37
10.3 Identified gaps .38
10.3.1 Specification for BO interface .38
10.3.2 Test for BO interface .38
10.3.3 Definition of performance metrics . .38
10.3.4 Content of the LPN-based information .38
10.3.5 Security . . .39
10.3.6 Performance for the acquisition of LPN image .39
10.3.7 Specifications and tests for the interface with registers of vehicles .39
10.3.8 EFC System Architecture, Vocabulary, Data Dictionary – the ISO 17573
series . 39
10.3.9 Business-related gaps .39
11 Proposed standardization roadmap .40
Annex A (informative) Examples of operational ANPR schemes .41
Bibliography .45
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/
iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems, in
collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/
TC 278, Intelligent transport systems, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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Introduction
This document endeavours to foster a common understanding in the context of electronic fee collection
(EFC) systems of the use of vehicle licence plate information, and of automatic number plate recognition
(ANPR) technologies.
This document notably seeks to advance the common understanding and definitions in the following
areas:
— information associated with the licence plate number (LPN);
— information exchanges over open interfaces;
— outline of specification of exchanges between actors, notably the toll service provider (TSP), the toll
charger (TC), vehicle registration authorities, etc;
— technologies regarding the ANPR.
The outcome is intended to contribute to more effective and efficient EFC schemes using vehicle LPN,
obtained by means of ANPR technology and any associated information (including make and model)
as a primary means to identify the user via the LPN, or a complementary means to augment the
reliability and the robustness of their dedicated short-range communication (DSRC)-based or global
navigation satellite system/cellular network) (GNSS/CN)-based systems (including degraded mode,
trip reconstitution, etc).
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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 6026:2022(E)
Electronic fee collection — Pre-study on the use of vehicle
licence plate information and automatic number plate
recognition (ANPR) technologies
1 Scope
This document provides an analysis of the use of licence plate number (LPN) information and
automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) technologies in electronic fee collection (EFC), through
the description of the legal, technical and functional contexts of LPN-based EFC. It also provides an
associated gap analysis of the EFC standards to identify actions to support standardized use of the
identified technologies, and a roadmap to address the identified gaps.
The gap analysis in this document is based on use cases, relevant regulations, standards and best
[27]
practices in the field of EFC, based on the European electronic toll service (EETS) model.
Examples of licence plate number (LPN)-based tolling schemes are given in Annex A.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
3 dimensional
3D
computer graphics that define an object by its width, length and depth
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 23541-1:2021, 3.1.1, modified — Note 1 to entry removed.]
3.2
automatic number plate recognition
technology to automatically read vehicle registration plates
Note 1 to entry: A vehicle registration plate typically contains the indicator or the code of the country that issued
the vehicle registration plate.
Note 2 to entry: Optical character recognition techniques are typically part of the technology associated with
automatic number plate recognition.
Note 3 to entry: Automatic licence plate recognition (ALPR) is a synonym to ANPR.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 17573-2:2020, 3.18, modified — Note 3 to entry has been added.]
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3.3
artificial intelligence
set of methods or automated entities that together build, optimize and apply a
model so that the system can, for a given set of predefined tasks, compute predictions, recommendations,
or decisions
Note 1 to entry: AI systems are designed to operate with varying levels of automation.
Note 2 to entry: "Predictions" can refer to various kinds of data analysis or production (including translating
text, creating synthetic images, or diagnosing a previous power failure). The term does not imply anteriority.
3.4
country code
identification of the issuing country of a licence plate, formatted in accordance with the United Nations
Distinguishing Signs of vehicles in International traffic regulation
Note 1 to entry: In accordance with the United Nations Distinguishing Signs of vehicles in International traffic
[33]
regulation, the CC contains 1, 2 or 3 alphabetical characters.
Note 2 to entry: A "human-readable country code" is defined as a licence plate number where human inspection
can determine the issuing country from syntax, font and other characteristics of licence plates.
3.5
error rate
ratio between the absolute error and the reference value of all transactions
3.6
false negative
incorrect reporting of a failure when in reality it is a pass
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC TR 29119-11:2020, 3.1.34, modified — Note 1 to entry and Example removed.]
3.7
false positive
incorrect reporting of a pass when in reality it is a failure
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC TR 29119-11:2020, 3.1.34, modified — Note 1 to entry and Example removed.]
3.8
false negative error rate
ratio between the false negatives and the reference value of all transactions
3.9
false positive error rate
ratio between the false positives and the reference value of all transactions
3.10
false recognizable error rate
ratio between the false recognizable transactions and the reference value of all processed transactions
3.11
infrared
optical radiation for which the wavelengths are longer than those for visible radiation
Note 1 to entry: For infrared radiation, the range between 780 nm and 1 mm is commonly subdivided
3.12
intelligent transport system
transport system in which advanced information, communication, sensor and control technologies,
including the Internet, are applied to increase safety, sustainability, efficiency and comfort
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 17465-2:2015, 2.2]
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3.13
licence plate image
digital image on which a vehicle licence plate is visible
Note 1 to entry: A "human-readable licence plate image" is defined as a licence plate image with a human-readable
licence plate number and country code.
3.14
licence plate number
number of the registration plate of a vehicle
3.15
manual number plate recognition
process of determining the licence plate number and country code by human inspection of a digital
image
3.16
on-board unit
electronic unit on-board a vehicle for performing specific electronic fee collection (EFC) functions and
for communication with external systems
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 17573-2:2020, 3.127]
3.17
optical character recognition
technique where characters are recognized and converted into binary code
[SOURCE: ISO 12651-1:2012, 4.100, modified — Note 1 to entry removed.]
3.18
payment means
means accepted by the service provider, that gives the user the right to use provided services
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 17573-2:2020, 3.134, modified — Example removed.]
319
toll domain statement
statement setting out the general conditions for European electronic toll service (EETS) providers for
accessing a toll charger’s toll domain.
[27]
Note 1 to entry: The definition is based on the EU directive 2019/520 on the recast of the European electronic
toll service (cf. Article 6(2)).
3.20
user account
centrally or on-board stored transport-related service rights of the user in relation to a service provider
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 17573-2:2020, 3.228]
3.21
vehicle registration authority
authority responsible for the registration and maintenance of vehicle registers, including details of
legal owners
4 Abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply.
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AI artificial intelligence
ALPR automatic licence plate recognition
ANPR automatic number plate recognition
BD billing details
BO back-office
CC country code
CS central system
OBE on-board equipment
OBU on-board unit
OCR optical character recognition
EEA European Economic Area
EETS European electronic tolling service
EFC electronic fee collection
EU European Union
EUCARIS European car and driving licence information system
HGV heavy goods vehicle
IR infrared
ITS intelligent transport system
LP licence plate
LPN licence plate number
MNPR manual number plate recognition
PAN primary account number
RFID radio frequency identification
SA service area
SCC specific commercial conditions
SU service user
TC toll charger
TI technical interface
RSE roadside equipment
TDS toll domain statement
TSP toll service provider
VIN vehicle identification number
VRA vehicle registration authority
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5 Legal conte
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
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