SIST EN 16869:2018
(Main)Design/construction of Via Ferrata
Design/construction of Via Ferrata
This European Standard specifies design requirements applicable to a Via Ferrata.
It is not applicable neither to ropes courses (covered by EN 15567) nor to trails only equipped with progression aids like foot-steps, ladders, handrails, chains, cables, ropes.
Aufbau von Klettersteigen (Via Ferratas)
Dieses Dokument legt die Planungsanforderungen fest, die für einen Klettersteig gelten.
Es gilt weder für Seilgärten (behandelt von der Reihe EN 15567) noch für Wanderwege, die nur mit Fortbewegungshilfen ausgestattet sind wie Trittbügel, Leitern, Geländer, Ketten, Kabel, Seile.
Conception et construction de via ferrata
Le présent document spécifie les exigences de conception applicables à une via ferrata.
Il ne s'applique ni aux parcours acrobatiques (couverts par la série de normes EN 15567) ni aux sentiers équipés de dispositifs d'aide tels que marchepieds, échelles, rampes, chaînes, câbles, cordes.
Načrtovanje zavarovane plezalne poti (via ferrata)
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve za načrtovanje zavarovane plezalne poti (Via Ferrata).
Ne uporablja se za vrvne plezalne parke (zajete v standardu EN 15567) ali poti, ki so opremljene samo s progresivnimi pripomočki, kot so stopnice, lestve, ograje, verige, kabli, vrvi.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Aufbau von Klettersteigen (Via Ferratas)Conception et construction de via ferrataDesign/construction of Via Ferrata97.220.40Oprema za športe na prostem in vodne športeOutdoor and water sports equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16869:2017SIST EN 16869:2018en,fr,de01-januar-2018SIST EN 16869:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 16869:2018
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16869
November
t r s y ICS
{ yä t t rä v r English Version
Conception et construction de via ferrata
Aufbau von KletterstThis European Standard was approved by CEN on
t x June
t r s yä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
9
t r s y CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s x z x {ã t r s y ESIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Construction requirements . 6 4.1 Safety system . 6 4.1.1 General . 6 4.1.2 Design and manufacture . 7 4.1.3 Safety line terminations . 10 4.2 Progression aids . 10 4.2.1 General . 10 4.2.2 Footsteps, holds and handrails . 10 4.2.3 Bridges, ladders and other progression elements . 11 5 Test methods . 13 5.1 Design and manufacture . 13 5.2 Strength Tests . 13 5.2.1 Apparatus . 13 5.2.2 Procedure. 14 5.2.3 Progression aids . 15 6 Marking . 16 6.1 Marking at the beginning of the Via Ferrata. 16 6.2 Marking at the beginning of the relevant sections of the Via Ferrata . 17 6.3 Marking at the end of the Via Ferrata . 17 7 Inspection and maintenance requirements . 17 Annex A (informative)
Positioning of the connector at the fall arrest . 18 Annex B (normative)
Requirements on environmental impact, safety, and the ethics and aesthetics of mountain sports . 22 B.1 General . 22 B.2 Preparation for Via Ferrata construction . 22 B.2.1 General . 22 B.2.2 Preliminary concertation and consensus among stakeholders . 22 B.3 Mountain Sport Aspects . 23 B.3.1 General . 23 B.3.2 Target users . 23 B.3.3 Mountain danger . 23 B.3.4 The influence of existing rock climbs . 23 B.4 Authorizations . 23 B.5 Legal considerations . 23 SIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 3 B.5.1 Environmental protection laws . 23 B.5.2 Liability and duty to structural integrity . 24 B.6 Environmental considerations . 24 B.6.1 General . 24 B.6.2 Land use regulations . 24 B.6.3 Degree of development and infrastructure. 24 B.6.4 Level of encroachment . 24 B.6.5 Quarries . 24 B.6.6 Visitor levels/impact . 24 B.6.7 Duration of use . 24 B.7 Business considerations . 24 Annex C (informative)
Determination of the route (path) . 25 Bibliography . 26
SIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 16869:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational facilities and equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies design, inspection and maintenance requirements applicable to a Via Ferrata. It is not applicable to ropes courses (covered by EN 15567) or to trails only equipped with progression aids such as foot-steps, ladders, handrails, chains, cables, ropes. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 958, Mountaineering equipment - Energy absorbing systems for use in klettersteig (via ferrata) climbing - Safety requirements and test methods EN 12275, Mountaineering equipment - Connectors - Safety requirements and test methods EN 12277, Mountaineering equipment - Harnesses - Safety requirements and test methods EN 12385-1, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 1: General requirements EN 12385-2, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification EN 12385-3, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 3: Information for use and maintenance EN 13411-1, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 1: Thimbles for steel wire rope slings EN 13411-2, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 2: Splicing of eyes for wire rope slings EN 1990, Eurocode - Basis of structural design EN 1991-1-2, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-2: General actions - Actions on structures exposed to fire EN 1991-1-3, Eurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 1-3: General actions - Snow loads EN 1991-1-4, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions - Wind actions EN 1993-1-11, Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-11: Design of structures with tension components ISO 1920-3, Testing of concrete — Part 3: Making and curing test specimens 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Via Ferrata route, generally on rocky terrain, consisting of a fixed climbing installation including a safety line where the user is not supervised Note 1 to entry: The mere presence of a wire cable/rope on a mountain route does not constitute a Via Ferrata (e.g. Hörnli Ridge on Matterhorn). SIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 6 3.2 fixed climbing installation safety line allowing the self-belaying of the user by a fall protection system including an energy absorbing system and/or optional equipment to help the user progression (e.g. foot holds, hand holds, ladders, handrails, anchors which may also be used for additional
protection when climbing in rope party) 3.3 safety system safety line fixed to anchor points 3.4 safety line flexible or rigid, horizontal, vertical or sloping, continuous or discontinuous installation used as a protection against fall from a height and possibly as a progression aid 3.5 anchor point fixation of the safety line to a structure, either natural or artificial 3.6 progression aids artificial means to help the progression of the user 3.7 pre-tension load which is applied to the safety line during assembly 3.8 vertical section section where the line, defined by two successive anchors points, forms an angle equal or more than 25° with the horizontal 3.9 horizontal section section where the line, defined by two successive anchors points, forms an angle of less than 25° with the horizontal 4 Construction requirements 4.1 Safety system 4.1.1 General The safety system is intended to be used with a fall protection system including at least a connecting system connected and an energy absorbing system in accordance with EN 958, connected to the user's harness in accordance with EN 12277. If the connecting system incorporates a connector in accordance with EN 12275 it shall be of type K. SIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 7 4.1.2 Design and manufacture 4.1.2.1 General There shall be no sharp edges and burrs on the facility within reach of the user. An anticorrosion treatment is recommended. The degree of protection needed shall be defined by the responsible constructor. The nominal diameter of the safety line shall be between 10 mm and 16 mm. For the safety system where the safety line can also be used as a progression aid, the nominal diameter of the safety line shall be between 12 mm and 16 mm. Wire cables covered by a plastic sheath are not permitted. Therefore, it is also forbidden to repair a frayed cable using a rubber band or plastic tape. When the safety line is intended to be a progression aid, it shall not be in contact with the rock. The terminations of safety lines shall be fixed to an anchor and not directly to the rock (e.g. not glued into a hole). There shall be no discontinuation of the safety line
1 m except in low risk areas. NOTE The provisions relating to materials in this standard do not imply that other equivalent materials are unsuitable in the manufacture of a Via Ferrata. The selection of materials and their use should be in accordance with appropriate European Standards. Materials shall be selected and protected so that the structural integrity of the equipment manufactured from these materials does not become unserviceable before the next relevant inspection. Particular care should be taken in the choice of materials where equipment is to be used in extreme climatic or atmospheric conditions. In the choice of materials or substances for Via Ferrata, consideration should be given to the eventual disposal of the material or substance having regard to any possible environmental toxic hazard. When natural or synthetic materials (non-metallic) are used in a critical application, a competent person shall determine an inspection procedure or to adhere to the constraints of the manufacturer's information. Consideration should also be given to degradation of structural components through ultraviolet influences.
After a fall, with or without the deployment of the EAS (Engineered Air System) the user shall be able to reach again the route on his own. 4.1.2.2 Placement of the anchor points The vertical distance between two anchor points shall not exceed 3 m. The linear distance between two anchors points shall not exceed 6 m. The distance between the first two anchor points, intended to arrest a fall, and the ground or a ledge shall be as shown in Figure 1. SIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 8 Dimensions in metres
Key 1 ground or ledge 2 first anchor point at (3,5 ± 0,2) m 3 second anchor point at (4,5 ± 0,2) m Figure 1 — Distance between the first anchor point intended to arrest a fall and the ground SIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 9 4.1.2.3 Design The design of the safety system should minimize the improper loading of the connector at the arrest of a fall (see Annex A). 4.1.2.4 Influence of loads 4.1.2.4.1 General The following loads (4.1.2.4.2 and 4.1.2.4.3) shall be taken into consideration when designing and manufacturing a Via Ferrata. 4.1.2.4.2 Variable loads Variable loads consist of: a) user loads (static and dynamic); b) snow loads. The effect of temperature shall also be taken into consideration. 4.1.2.4.3 User loads 4.1.2.4.3.1 General Empirical evidence suggests that it is impossible to have two or more users creating a peak impact force simultaneously due to a fall. 4.1.2.4.3.2 Vertical section The following user loads shall be taken for: — Exceptional load
= 9,2 kN (1 person falling + 1 person hanging); — Traffic load = 1,6
kN (2 persons of 80 kg hanging). 4.1.2.4.3.3 Horizontal section The following user loads shall be taken for: — Exceptional load
= 9,2 kN (1 person falling + 1 person hanging); — Traffic load = 1,6
kN (2 persons of 80 kg hanging). 4.1.2.5 Calculation The calculation of a Via Ferrata shall be in accordance with the relevant Eurocodes. There shall be no permanent deformation of the system under a load of 1,5 x traffic load. There shall be no breakage of the system under a load of 1,5 x exceptional load. Design calculations shall be provided for the Via Ferrata safety system. The calculation shall take in account the weakness coefficient caused by wire rope termination (see EN 13411 all parts or documented tests provided by the manufacturer). 4.1.2.6 Strength tests Alternatively or additionally to calculation, strength tests may be performed on the equipment. SIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 10 The tests shall be carried out in accordance with 5.1 and 5.2. 4.1.2.7 Minimum axial breaking strength of anchors The minimum axial breaking strength of anchors shall be 15 kN. 4.1.3 Safety line terminations Only approved systems shall be used for cable terminations. All wire cable terminations shall conform to EN 13411–1 and EN 13411–2 with the exception of using three clamps instead of four clamps (see Figure 2). If other types of wire-cable terminations are used they shall be used in accordance with the manufacturers' guidelines and shall fulfil the breaking strength requirements.
a) correct placement of rope grips when connecting parallel rope ends
b) double lung head fitting Figure 2 — Placement and number of cable terminations 4.2 Progression aids 4.2.1 General There shall be no sharp edges and burrs on the installation within reach of the user. An anticorrosion treatment is recommended. The degree of protection needed shall be defined by the responsible constructor. 4.2.2 Footsteps, holds and handrails 4.2.2.1 Breaking strength If the progression aid system can be used as an anchor point for belaying, the radial strength shall be greater than 25 kN and the axial strength shall be greater than 15 kN (for the point of application of the load, see Figure 3). SIST EN 16869:2018
EN 16869:2017 (E) 11
Key 1 middle
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