SIST EN 13256:2014
(Main)Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of tunnels and underground structures
Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of tunnels and underground structures
EN 13256 specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of tunnels and underground structures, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics. The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to protect geosynthetic barriers used in tunnels and underground structures. This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318. This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Geotextilien und geotextilverwandte Produkte - Geforderte Eigenschaften für die Anwendung im Tunnelbau und in Tiefbauwerken
Diese Europäische Norm legt die wichtigsten Eigenschaften von Geotextilien und geotextilverwandten
Produkten, die im Tunnelbau und in Tiefbauwerken verwendet werden, sowie die geeigneten Prüfverfahren zur
Bestimmung dieser Eigenschaften fest.
Die vorgesehene Anwendung dieser im Tunnelbau und in Tiefbauwerken verwendeten Geotextilien und
geotextilverwandten Produkte ist Schützen von geosynthetischen Dichtungen.
Diese Norm ist nicht auf geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen anwendbar.
Diese Norm behandelt die Konformitätsbewertung des Produktes bezüglich dieser Europäischen Norm und die
werkseigene Produktionskontrolle.
Diese Norm legt Anforderungen fest, die von Herstellern und Händlern für die Darstellung von
Produkteigenschaften zu beachten sind.
ANMERKUNG 1 Besondere Anwendungen oder nationale Bestimmungen können Anforderungen hinsichtlich zusätzlicher
Eigenschaften und – vorzugsweise genormte – Prüfverfahren enthalten, wenn diese technisch relevant sind und sie
Europäischen Normen nicht entgegenstehen.
ANMERKUNG 2 Diese Europäische Norm darf zur Festlegung von Bemessungswerten herangezogen werden,
vorausgesetzt, dass Beiwerte im Zusammenhang mit den im EN 1997-1 (Eurocode 7) angegebenen Definitionen, z. B.
Sicherheitsbeiwerte, berücksichtigt werden. Für das Produkt sollte die vorgesehene Nutzungsdauer festgelegt werden, weil
seine Funktion zeitlich befristet sein kann, als Einbauhilfe oder dauerhaft, weil sie der Nutzungsdauer des Bauwerks
entspricht.
Géotextiles et produits apparentés - Caractéristiques requises pour l’utilisation dans la construction de tunnels et de structures souterraines
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les caractéristiques pertinentes des géotextiles et produits
apparentés utilisés dans la construction des tunnels et des structures souterraines ainsi que les méthodes
d’essai appropriées pour déterminer ces caractéristiques.
L’application de ces géotextiles ou produits apparentés est de protéger les géomembranes utilisées dans les
tunnels et les structures souterraines.
La présente norme ne s’applique pas aux géomembranes et géosynthétiques bentonitiques.
La présente norme permet d’évaluer la conformité du produit à la présente norme européenne et les
procédures de contrôle de la production en usine.
Cette norme définit les exigences concernant la présentation des propriétés des produits à satisfaire par les
producteurs et les distributeurs.
NOTE 1 Des cas d’application particuliers ou des spécifications nationales peuvent contenir des exigences sur des
propriétés supplémentaires et méthodes d’essais - si possible normalisées - si elles sont techniquement pertinentes et ne
sont pas en contradiction avec les normes européennes.
NOTE 2 La présente norme européenne peut être utilisée pour déduire les valeurs de calcul en prenant en compte les
facteurs définis dans l’Eurocode 7 (ENV 1997-1), par exemple les facteurs de sécurité. Il convient de déterminer la durée
de vie prévue du produit, puisque sa fonction peut être provisoire, pour des besoins de construction, ou permanente, pour
la durée de vie de la structure.
Geotekstilije in geotekstilijam sorodni izdelki - Značilnosti, ki se zahtevajo pri gradnji tunelov in podzemeljskih delov
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Geotextilien und geotextilverwandte Produkte - Geforderte Eigenschaften für die Anwendung im Tunnelbau und in TiefbauwerkenGéotextiles et produits apparentés - Caractéristiques requises pour l’utilisation dans la construction de tunnels et de structures souterrainesGeotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of tunnels and underground structures93.060Gradnja predorovTunnel construction93.020Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod zemljoEarthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works59.080.70GeotekstilijeGeotextilesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13256:2014SIST EN 13256:2014en,fr,de01-marec-2014SIST EN 13256:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13256:2001/AC:2003SIST EN 13256:2001/A1:2005SIST EN 13256:20011DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13256:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13256
January 2014 ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes EN 13256:2000English Version
Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Characteristics required for use in the construction of tunnels and underground structures
Géotextiles et produits apparentés - Caractéristiques requises pour l'utilisation dans la construction de tunnels et de structures souterraines
Geotextilien und geotextilverwandte Produkte - Geforderte Eigenschaften für die Anwendung im Tunnelbau und in Tiefbauwerken This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 November 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13256:2014 ESIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4 Introduction .5 1 Scope .6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations .7 3.1 Terms and definitions .7 3.2 Abbreviations .8 4 Required characteristics and corresponding methods of test .8 4.1 General .8 4.2 Selection of the appropriate standard in a specific application .8 4.3 Characteristics relevant to specific conditions of use . 10 4.3.1 Tensile strength of seams and joints . 10 4.3.2 Friction characteristics . 10 4.4 Release of dangerous substances . 10 5 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) . 10 5.1 General . 10 5.2 Presentation of characteristics . 10 5.3 Product type determination (PTD) . 11 5.4 Factory production control (FPC) . 11 5.5 Verification of values . 12 5.6 Initial inspection of factory and of FPC . 12 5.7 Continuous surveillance of FPC . 12 6 Marking . 13 Annex A (normative)
Factory production control . 14 A.1 Factory production control scheme . 14 A.1.1 General . 14 A.1.2 Product design . 14 A.1.3 Production . 14 A.1.4 Finished products . 14 A.1.5 Provisions applicable to A.1.2, A.1.3 and A.1.4 (to be used where appropriate) . 15 A.2 Assessment of a factory production control (FPC) system . 16 A.2.1 General . 16 A.2.2 Checklist . 16 A.2.3 Test frequency . 20 Annex B (normative)
Durability aspects . 21 B.1 General . 21 B.1.1 Service life . 21 B.1.2 Initial and repeat testing of durability . 21 B.1.3 Use of rework material (RWM) . 22 SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 3 B.2 Weathering (all products) . 22 B.3 Products used in non-reinforcing applications and with service lives up to 5 years . 22 B.4 Other applications and service lives up to 25 years, 50 years and 100 years . 23 B.4.1 General . 23 B.4.2 Tests for specific materials . 23 Annex C (informative)
Guidelines for the selection of the appropriate standard in a specific application . 27 Annex D (informative)
Significant technical changes to the superseded standard . 29 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Regulation . 30 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 30 ZA.2 Procedure for AVCP of Geotextiles and geotextiles-related products for the use in the construction of tunnels and underground structures . 31 ZA.2.1 Systems of AVCP . 31 ZA.2.2 Declaration of performance (DoP) . 33 ZA.3 CE marking and labelling . 36 Bibliography . 39
SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13256:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13256:2000. Annex D provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of Regulation (EU) Nr. 305/2011. For relationship with Regulation (EU) Nr. 305/2011, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard allows manufacturers to describe geotextiles and geotextile-related products on the basis of declared values for characteristics relevant to the intended use and if tested to the specified method. It also includes procedures for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance and factory production control. This European Standard may also be used by designers, end-users and other interested parties to define which functions and conditions of use are relevant. The term “product” used in this European Standard refers to a geotextile or geotextile-related product. This European Standard is part of a series of standards, addressing the requirements for geotextiles and geotextile-related products when used in a specific application. Annex C provides guidance on how to select the appropriate standard. SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of tunnels and underground structures, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics. The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to protect geosynthetic barriers used in tunnels and underground structures. This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318. This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures. NOTE Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardised – test methods, if they are technically relevant. This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997-1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12224, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Determination of the resistance to weathering EN 12226, Geosynthetics - General tests for evaluation following durability testing EN 12447, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistance to hydrolysis in water EN 14574, Geosynthetics - Determination of the pyramid puncture resistance of supported geosynthetics EN ISO 9862, Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens (ISO 9862) EN ISO 1043-1, Plastics - Symbols and abbreviated terms - Part 1: Basic polymers and their special characteristics (ISO 1043-1) EN ISO 10318, Geosynthetics - Terms and definitions (ISO 10318) EN ISO 10319, Geosynthetics - Wide-width tensile test (ISO 10319) EN ISO 10320, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Identification on site (ISO 10320) EN ISO 10321, Geosynthetics - Tensile test for joints/seams by wide-width strip method (ISO 10321) EN ISO 10722, Geosynthetics - Index test procedure for the evaluation of mechanical damage under repeated loading - Damage caused by granular material (ISO 10722) EN ISO 12236, Geosynthetics - Static puncture test (CBR test) (ISO 12236) SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 7 EN ISO 12957-1, Geosynthetics - Determination of friction characteristics - Part 1: Direct shear test (ISO 12957-1) EN ISO 12957-2, Geosynthetics - Determination of friction characteristics - Part 2: Inclined plane test (ISO 12957-2) EN ISO 13426-1, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 1: Geocells (ISO 13426-1) EN ISO 13426-2, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Strength of internal structural junctions - Part 2: Geocomposites (ISO 13426-2) EN ISO 13433, Geosynthetics - Dynamic perforation test (cone drop test) (ISO 13433) EN ISO 13438, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation (ISO 13438) ISO 10390, Soil quality — Determination of pH ASTM D7409 — 07e1, Standard Test Method for Carboxyl End Group Content of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Yarns ASTM D4603 — 03(2011)e1, Standard Test Method for Determining Inherent Viscosity of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) (PET) by Glass Capillary Viscometer 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 10318 and the following apply. 3.1.1 product geotextile or geotextile-related product 3.1.2 specification any document in which the work, functions and specific conditions of use of the product are described 3.1.3 rework material (RWM) material that is generated in a process and capable of being reclaimed within the same process that generated it 3.1.4 post-consumer material (PCM) material generated by households or by commercial, industrial and institutional facilities in their role as end-users of the product which can no longer be used for its intended purpose. This includes returns of material from the distribution chain 3.1.5 post-industrial material (PIM) material diverted from the waste stream during a manufacturing process SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 8 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the abbreviations given in EN ISO 1043-1 and EN ISO 10318 apply. — AR:
aramid — GCO-D: geocomposite drainage 4 Required characteristics and corresponding methods of test 4.1 General The main function of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of tunnels and underground structures is protection. If a drainage or erosion control system is integrated in the construction, the requirements of the appropriate standards shall also be fulfilled. The specification shall define which conditions of use are relevant (see Table 1). The producer shall provide the necessary data based on the requirements and test methods specified in this European Standard, as described in 5.1. The characteristics, their relevance to the conditions of use, and the test methods to be used, are specified in Table 1. The list of characteristics in Table 1 includes those needed for regulatory purposes (H), those relevant to all conditions of use (A), and those relevant to specific conditions of use (S). The indication “–” means that the characteristic is not relevant for that function. Where, for the same property, data for more than one function shall be provided, the following ranking order shall be observed: H overrules A, A overrules S, and S overrules “–”. The functions and conditions of use, corresponding with the S-coded characteristics in Table 1, are specified in 4.3. Durability shall be assessed in accordance with the requirements of Annex B. 4.2 Selection of the appropriate standard in a specific application Guidelines for the selection of the appropriate standard in a specific application are given in Annex C. SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 9 Table 1 – Geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in the construction of tunnels and underground structures – Functions, function-related characteristics and test methods to be used Characteristic Test method Functions Protection (1) Tensile strength b) EN ISO 10319 H (2) Elongation at maximum load EN ISO 10319 H (3) Tensile strength of seams and joints c) d) EN ISO 10321 S (4) Static puncture resistance (CBR test) a), b) EN ISO 12236 see (8) (5) Dynamic perforation resistance (cone drop test) a) EN ISO 13433 H (6) Friction EN ISO 12957-1; EN ISO 12957-2 S (7) Damage during installation resistance EN ISO 10722 A (8) Protection characteristics EN 14574 H (9) Durability According to Annex B H Relevance of codes:
H: required for regulatory purposes
A: relevant to all conditions of use
S: relevant to specific conditions of use
“–”: indicates that the characteristic is not relevant for that function. a Static puncture resistance may not be relevant for some types of products, e. g. GGR, GCO-D or GST. b If the mechanical properties (tensile strength and static puncture) are coded “H” in this Table, the producer shall provide data for both. The use of only one, either tensile strength or static puncture, is sufficient in a tender specification. c The strength of internal structural junctions of geocells shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 13426-1. d The strength of internal structural junctions of geocomposites shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 13426-2. SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 10 4.3 Characteristics relevant to specific conditions of use 4.3.1 Tensile strength of seams and joints Data on tensile strength of seams and joints are necessary for all functions if the product is to be mechanically jointed and if load is transferred across the seams and joints. 4.3.2 Friction characteristics Data on friction characteristics are necessary for the functions separation and filtration when the product is used in a situation where a differential movement can take place between the product and adjacent material that may endanger the stability of the works. The friction characteristics can be measured, using site specific materials, by a direct shear test according to EN ISO 12957-1 or, in the case of loads up to 5 kPa, by an inclined plane test according to EN ISO 12957-2. Friction behaviour with the adjacent construction materials, e.g. the soil or the geosynthetic barrier, should also be considered. 4.4 Release of dangerous substances National regulations on dangerous substances may require verification and declaration on release, and sometimes content, when construction products covered by this European Standard are placed on those markets. In the absence of European harmonized test methods, verification and declaration on release/content should be done taking into account national provisions in the place of use. NOTE An informative database covering European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the Construction website on EUROPA accessed through: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/cpd-ds/. 5 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) 5.1 General The compliance of geotextiles and geotextile-related products with the requirements of this European Standard and with the declared values shall be demonstrated by: — Product type determination (PTD); — Factory production control (FPC) by the manufacturer, including product assessment. The manufacturer shall always retain the overall control and shall have the necessary means to take responsibility for the product. 5.2 Presentation of characteristics The characteristics specified in Table 2, except for durability, shall be expressed as mean values and tolerance value(s) corresponding to the 95 % confidence level. The values expressed may be verified using the procedure referred to in 5.5. NOTE The 95 % confidence level corresponds to the mean value minus (and/or plus) 1,0 tolerance value(s). Information on durability shall be expressed in accordance with Annex B. SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 11 5.3 Product type determination (PTD) PTD tests shall be carried out by the manufacturer to define the values of the properties to be declared for the product to satisfy the requirements of this European Standard. PTD tests shall also be carried out on existing products when a change in the basic materials or manufacturing procedures affects the declared properties or the use of a product. In these cases, the PTD tests are those for the properties which are affected or shall be confirmed and new properties introduced by a change of use. The tests to be conducted shall be reference tests as specified in this European Standard and shall be selected from the characteristics specified in Table 2, consistent with the product’s intended use: Table 2 — Characteristics required for PTD and AVCP Characteristic Functions Tensile strength Protection Elongation at maximum load Protection Static puncture resistance (CBR test) Protection Dynamic perforation resistance (cone drop test) Protection Protection characteristics Protection Durability a Protection a For the durability aspects, see Table 1 and Annex B. The results of PTD tests shall be recorded and be available for inspection. The sample for the PTD tests shall be drawn according to EN ISO 9862 from a normal production run using the same materials and forming processes as used for the full production process. The size of the sample shall be big enough to allow the determination of the characteristics specified in Table 2. Handmade samples, short trial batches and other development prototypes may be tested by the same methods, but shall not be used for establishing characteristic values in PTD tests. 5.4 Factory production control (FPC) A FPC scheme shall be established and documented in a manual prior to a product type being placed on the market. Subsequently, any fundamental changes in raw materials and additives, manufacturing procedures or the control scheme that affect the properties or use of a product shall be recorded in the manual. The manual shall include the FPC procedures relevant to the declared properties, as confirmed by the product type determination. The FPC procedures shall consist of a permanent internal production control system to ensure that such products comply with this European Standard and that the measured values conform to the declared values. Annex A (normative) lists all the items that shall be considered to determine the appropriate control measures for a product. The manufacturer shall establish control measures for the relevant items and record them in his FPC manual. These measures shall be described in detail, including the type of tests to be performed and the frequency of these tests (see also A.2). SIST EN 13256:2014
EN 13256:2014 (E) 12 When relevant, the procedure given in A.2.3 shall be used to check the conformity of the product for one or more characteristics. 5.5 Verification of values If verification of values is required, the compliance of characteristics with the values defined in 5.2 shall be based on measurements made on two representative samples (A and B), taken from two different rolls. Sampling shall be made in accordance with EN ISO 9862. For on-site quality control purposes CEN/TR 15019 may also be considered. The characteristics given in Table 2 shall be measured in accordance with the corresponding European Standards on specimens prepared from sample A. If the test result(s) for a particular characteristic is (are) within the tolerance value(s) given by the manufacturer, the product is accepted as complying with respect to this characteristic. If the test result(s) for a particular characteristic is (are) outside 1,5 times the tolerance value(s), the product does not comply with respect to that characteristic. If the test result(s) for a particular characteristic is (are) within 1 and 1,5 times the tolerance value(s), specimens prepared from sample B shall be tested. If the test result(s) of the sample B specimens for the same characteristic is (are) within the given tolerance value(s), the product is accepted as complying with respect to that characteristic. If the test result(s) is (are) outside the tolerance value(s), the product is not accepted. 5.6 Initial inspection of factory and of FPC Initial inspection of factory and of FPC shall be carried out when the production process has been finalized and in operation. The factory and FPC documentation shall be assessed to verify that the requirements of 5.4 and Annex A are fulfilled. During the inspection it shall be verified that: a) all resources necessary for the achievement of the product characteristics included in this European Standard are in place and correctly implemented, and b) the FPC-procedures in accordance with the FPC documentation are followed in practice, and c) the product complies with the product type samples, for which compliance of the product performance to the DoP has been verified. All locations where final assembly or at least final testing of the relevant product is performed shall be assessed to verify that the above conditions a) to c) are in place and implemented. If the FPC system covers more than one product, production line or production process, and it is verified that the general requirements are fulfilled when assessing one product, production line or production process, then the assessment of the general requirements does not need to be repeated when assessing the FPC for another product, production line or production process. All assessments and their results shall be documented in the initial inspection report. The single steps of this inspection are specified in A.2. 5.7 Continuous surveillance of FPC Surveillance of the FPC shall be undertaken at least once per year. The surveillance of the FPC shall include a review of the FPC tes
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