SIST EN 61881-1:2011

Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Capacitors for power electronics - Part 1: Requirements, tests and general information (IEC 61881-1:2010)

This part of IEC 61881 applies to capacitors for power electronics intended to be used on rolling stock. The rated voltage of capacitors covered by this part is limited to 10 000 V. The operating frequency of the systems in which these capacitors are used is usually up to 15 kHz, while the pulse frequencies may be up to 5 to 10 times the operating frequency. It distinguishes between AC and DC capacitors. They are considered as components mounted in enclosures. NOTE This standard covers an extremely wide range of capacitor technologies for numerous applications: overvoltage protection, DC and AC filtering, switching circuits, DC energy storage, auxiliary inverters, etc. Examples are given in Clause 9. The following are excluded from this standard: - capacitors for induction heat-generating plants operating at frequencies between 40 Hz and 24 000 Hz (see IEC 60110-1 and 60110-2); - capacitors for motor applications and the like (see IEC 60252-1 and IEC 60252-2); - capacitors to be used in circuits for blocking one or more harmonics in power supply networks; - small AC capacitors as used for fluorescent and discharge lamps (see IEC 61048 and IEC 61049); - capacitors for suppression of radio interference (see IEC 60384-14); - shunt capacitors for AC power systems having a rated voltage above 1 000 V (see IEC 60871-1 and IEC 60871-2); - shunt power capacitors of the self-healing type for AC systems having a rated voltage up to and including 1 000 V (see IEC 60831-1 and IEC 60831-2); - shunt power capacitor of the non self-healing type for AC systems having a rated voltage up to and including 1 000 V (see IEC 60931-1 and IEC 60931-2); - series capacitors for power systems (see IEC 60143-1, IEC 60143-2 and IEC 60143-3); - coupling capacitors and capacitors dividers (see IEC 60358); - capacitors for applications requiring energy storage/high current discharge such as photocopiers and lasers; - capacitors for microwave ovens; - capacitors for power electronics (see IEC 61071).

Bahnanwendungen - Betriebsmittel auf Bahnfahrzeugen - Kondensatoren für Leistungselektronik - Teil 1: Papier-/Foliekondensatoren (IEC 61881-1:2010)

Applications ferroviaires - Matériel roulant - Condensateurs pour électronique de puissance - Partie 1: Exigences, essais et informations générales (CEI 61881-1:2010)

La CEI 61881-1:2010 s'applique aux condensateurs pour électronique de puissance destinés à être utilisés sur le matériel roulant. La tension assignée des condensateurs est limitée à 10 000 V. La fréquence de fonctionnement des systèmes dans lesquels ces condensateurs sont utilisés atteint généralement jusqu'à 15 kHz, tandis que les fréquences d'impulsion peuvent atteindre de 5 à 10 fois la fréquence de fonctionnement. Une distinction est faite entre les condensateurs pour courant alternatif et ceux pour courant continu.

Železniške naprave - Oprema voznih sredstev - Kondenzatorji za močnostno elektroniko - 1. del: Zahteve, preskusi in splošne informacije (IEC 61881-1:2010)

Ta del IEC 61881 velja za kondenzatorje za močnostno elektroniko, namenjeno uporabi pri voznih sredstvih. Ocenjena napetost kondenzatorjev, zajeta v tem delu, je omejena do 10.000 V. Delovne frekvence sistemov, v katerih so kondenzatorji uporabljeni, so običajno do 15 kHz, medtem ko so pulzne frekvence lahko od 5- do 10-krat večje od delovnih frekvenc. Razlikuje med kondenzatorji z izmeničnim tokom in enosmernim tokom. Štejejo se kot sestavni deli, vgrajeni v ohišja. OPOMBA Ta standard zajema izjemno širok razpon tehnologij kondenzatorjev za različne uporabe: prenapetostna zaščita, filtriranje za enosmerni tok in izmenični tok, komutirana vezja, shranjevanje enosmerne energije, pomožni razsmerniki itd. Primeri so podani v klavzuli 9. Iz tega standarda so izvzeti: – kondenzatorji za obrate z indukcijsko proizvodnjo toplote, ki delujejo pri frekvencah med 40 Hz in 24.000 Hz (glej IEC 60100-1 in 60110-2); – kondenzatorji za uporabo v motorjih in podobno uporabo (glej IEC 60252-1 in IEC 60252-2); – kondenzatorji za uporabo v vezjih za blokiranje enega ali več harmonik v omrežnem napajanju; – majhni kondenzatorji za izmenični tok, kot se uporabljajo v fluorescenčnih lučeh in sijalkah (glej IEC 61048 in 61049); – kondenzatorji za dušenje radijskih motenj (glej IEC 60384-14); – ranžirni kondenzatorji za sisteme z izmeničnih tokom, ki ima ocenjeno napetost na 1000 V (glej IEC 60871-1 in IEC 60871-2); – ranžirni kondenzatorji samo okrevalne vrste za sisteme z izmeničnim tokom, ki imajo ocenjeno napetost do vključno z 1000 V (glej IEC 60831-1 in IEC 60831-2); – ranžirni kondenzatorji, ki niso samo okrevalne vrste, za sisteme z izmeničnim tokom, ki imajo ocenjeno napetost do vključno z 1000 V (glej IEC 60931-1 in IEC 60931-2); – serijski kondenzatorji za sisteme napajanja (glej IEC 60143-1, IEC 60143-2 in IEC 60143-3); - sklopni kondenzatorji in ločevalniki kondenzatorjev (glej IEC 60358); - kondenzatorji za aplikacije, ki potrebujejo shranjevanje energije/razelektritev pri visokih napetostih kot fotokopirni stroji in laserji; – kondenzatorji za mikrovalovne pečice; - kondenzatorji za močnostno elektroniko (glej IEC 61071).

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 03-Mar-2011
• ICS: 31.060.70 - Power capacitors
• ICS: 45.040 - Materials and components for railway engineering
• Technical Committee: ŽEN - Electrical applications for railways
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 09-Feb-2011
• Due Date: 16-Apr-2011
• Completion Date: 04-Mar-2011
• Ref Project: EN 61881-1:2011 - Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Capacitors for power electronics - Part 1: Paper/plastic film capacitors

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 61881:2001 - Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Capacitors for power electronics
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Replaces: SIST EN 61881:2001 - Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Capacitors for power electronics
• Effective Date: 29-Jan-2023
• Revised: SIST EN 61881:2001 - Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Capacitors for power electronics
• Effective Date: 07-Jan-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 61881-1:2011
01-april-2011
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 61881:2001
äHOH]QLãNHQDSUDYH2SUHPDYR]QLKVUHGVWHY.RQGHQ]DWRUML]DPRþQRVWQR
HOHNWURQLNRGHO=DKWHYHSUHVNXVLLQVSORãQHLQIRUPDFLMH,(&
Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Capacitors for power electronics - Part
1: Requirements, tests and general information (IEC 61881-1:2010)
Bahnanwendungen - Betriebsmittel auf Bahnfahrzeugen - Kondensatoren für
Leistungselektronik - Teil 1: Papier-/Foliekondensatoren (IEC 61881-1:2010)
Applications ferroviaires - Matériel roulant - Condensateurs pour électronique de
puissance - Partie 1: Exigences, essais et informations générales (CEI 61881-1:2010)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61881-1:2011
ICS:
31.060.70 0RþQRVWQLNRQGHQ]DWRUML Power capacitors
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
SIST EN 61881-1:2011 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST EN 61881-1:2011

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST EN 61881-1:2011

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61881-1

NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2011
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

ICS 45.060 Supersedes EN 61881:1999


English version


Railway applications -
Rolling stock equipment -
Capacitors for power electronics -
Part 1: Paper/plastic film capacitors
(IEC 61881-1:2010)


Applications ferroviaires -  Bahnanwendungen -
Matériel roulant - Betriebsmittel auf Bahnfahrzeugen -
Condensateurs pour électronique de Kondensatoren für Leistungselektronik -
puissance - Teil 1: Papier-/Foliekondensatoren
Partie 1: Condensateurs papier et film (IEC 61881-1:2010)
plastique
(CEI 61881-1:2010)




This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-01-02. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels


© 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61881-1:2011 E

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SIST EN 61881-1:2011
EN 61881-1:2011 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 9/1405/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61881-1, prepared by IEC TC 9, Electrical
equipment and systems for railways, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved
by CENELEC as EN 61881-1 on 2011-01-02.
This European Standard supersedes EN 61881:1999.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2011-10-02
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2014-01-02
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61881-1:2010 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60077-1:1999 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60077-1:2002 (modified).
IEC 60077-2:1999 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60077-2:2002 (modified).
IEC 60110-1:1998 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60110-1:1998 (not modified).
IEC 60146-1-1:2009 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60146-1-1:2009 (not modified).
IEC 60384-14:2005 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60384-14:2005 (not modified).
IEC 60664-1:2007 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60664-1:2007 (not modified).
IEC 60831-1:1996 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60831-1:1996 (not modified).
IEC 60831-2:1995 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60831-2:1996 (not modified).
IEC 60871-1:2005 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60871-1:2005 (not modified).
IEC 60931-1:1996 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60931-1:1996 (not modified).
IEC 60931-2:1995 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60931-2:1996 (not modified).
IEC 61071 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61071.
IEC 61287-1:2005 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61287-1:2006 (not modified).
__________

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SIST EN 61881-1:2011
- 3 - EN 61881-1:2011
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60068-2-14 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-14 -
Part 2-14: Tests - Test N: Change of
temperature


IEC 60068-2-20 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-20 -
Part 2-20: Tests - Test T: Test methods for
solderability and resistance to soldering heat
of devices with leads


IEC 60068-2-21 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-21 -
Part 2-21: Tests - Test U: Robustness of
terminations and integral mounting devices


IEC 60068-2-78 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-78 -
Part 2-78: Tests - Test Cab: Damp heat,
steady state


IEC 60269-1 - Low-voltage fuses - EN 60269-1 -
Part 1: General requirements


IEC 60695-2-11 - Fire hazard testing - EN 60695-2-11 -
Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test
methods - Glow-wire flammability test method
for end-products


IEC 60695-11-5 - Fire hazard testing - EN 60695-11-5 -
Part 11-5: Test flames - Needle-flame test
method - Apparatus, confirmatory test
arrangement and guidance


IEC 60721-3-5 - Classification of environmental conditions - EN 60721-3-5 -
Part 3: Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities
- Section 5: Ground vehicle installations


IEC 61373 - Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment EN 61373 -
- Shock and vibration tests


IEC 62491 - Industrial systems, installations and EN 62491 -
equipment and industrial products - Labelling
of cables and cores


IEC 62497-1 - Railway applications - Insulation - -
coordination -
Part 1: Basic requirements - Clearances and
creepage distances for all electrical and
electronic equipment

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SIST EN 61881-1:2011

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

SIST EN 61881-1:2011
IEC 61881-1
®
Edition 1.0 2010-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE


Railway applications – Rolling stock equipment – Capacitors for power
electronics –
Part 1: Paper/plastic film capacitors

Applications ferroviaires – Matériel roulant – Condensateurs pour électronique
de puissance –
Partie 1: Condensateurs papier et film plastique

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
X
CODE PRIX
ICS 45.060 ISBN 978-2-88912-094-9
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

SIST EN 61881-1:2011
– 2 – 61881-1 © IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
1 Scope.7
2 Normative references.8
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 Service conditions.13
4.1 Normal service conditions.13
4.1.1 Altitude .13
4.1.2 Temperature.13
4.1.3 Operating temperature with forced ventilation.13
4.2 Unusual service conditions .13
5 Quality requirements and tests.14
5.1 Test requirements.14
5.1.1 General .14
5.1.2 Test conditions .14
5.2 Classification of tests.14
5.2.1 Routine tests .14
5.2.2 Type tests.15
5.2.3 Acceptance tests .15
5.2.4 Summary of tests.16
5.3 Capacitance and tan δ measurements (routine test) .16
5.3.1 Measuring procedure .16
5.3.2 Capacitance tolerances.17
5.3.3 Loss requirements (tan δ) .17
5.4 Capacitor loss tangent (tan δ) measurement (type test) .17
5.4.1 Measurements .17
5.4.2 Loss requirements .17
5.5 Voltage test between terminals .17
5.5.1 General .17
5.5.2 Routine test .18
5.5.3 Type test .18
5.6 AC voltage test between terminals and case .18
5.6.1 Routine test .18
5.6.2 Type test .19
5.7 Test of internal discharge device.19
5.8 Sealing test .19
5.9 Surge discharge test.19
5.10 Thermal stability test.20
5.10.1 General .20
5.10.2 Measuring procedure .20
5.11 Self-healing test.21
5.12 Resonance frequency measurement .21
5.13 Environmental testing .21
5.13.1 Change of temperature .21
5.13.2 Damp heat, steady state .21
5.14 Mechanical testing.22
5.14.1 Mechanical tests of terminals .22

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SIST EN 61881-1:2011
61881-1 © IEC:2010 – 3 –
5.14.2 External inspection .23
5.14.3 Vibration and shocks.23
5.15 Endurance test .23
5.15.1 Conditioning of the units before the test .23
5.15.2 Initial capacitance and loss factor measurements.23
5.15.3 Endurance test .23
5.15.4 Final capacitance and tan δ measurement.24
5.15.5 Acceptance criteria .25
5.16 Destruction test .25
5.16.1 General .25
5.16.2 Test sequence for AC capacitors.26
5.16.3 Test sequence for DC capacitors .27
5.17 Disconnecting test on internal fuses.30
5.17.1 General .30
5.17.2 Disconnecting requirements .30
5.17.3 Withstand requirements .30
5.17.4 Test procedure .31
5.17.5 Capacitance measurement.32
5.17.6 Visual checking.32
5.17.7 Voltage test .32
5.18 Partial discharge measurements (optional type tests).32
6 Overloads.32
7 Safety requirements.33
7.1 Discharge device .33
7.2 Case connections .33
7.3 Protection of the environment .33
7.4 Fire hazard .33
7.5 Other safety requirements.33
8 Markings.34
8.1 Marking of the units .34
8.1.1 Rating plate .34
8.1.2 Data sheet .34
9 Guide to installation and operation .34
9.1 General .34
9.2 Choice of rated voltage.35
9.3 Operating temperature.35
9.3.1 Installation .35
9.3.2 Unusual cooling conditions.36
9.4 Special service conditions.36
9.5 Overvoltages .36
9.6 Overload currents .36
9.7 Switching and protective devices .37
9.8 Choice of creepage distance and clearance .37
9.9 Connections .37
9.10 Parallel connections of capacitors.37
9.11 Series connections of capacitors.37
9.12 Magnetic losses and eddy currents .38
9.13 Guide for internal fuse and disconnector protection in capacitors.38
9.14 Guide for unprotected capacitors .38

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SIST EN 61881-1:2011
– 4 – 61881-1 © IEC:2010
Annex A (informative) Waveforms .39
Annex B (normative) Operational limits of capacitors with sinusoidal voltages as a
function of frequency and at maximum temperature (θ ) .41
max
Annex C (normative) Resonance frequency measuring methods – Examples .43
Bibliography .45

Figure 1 – Destruction test arrangement.27
Figure 2 – N source DC – type 1.29
Figure 3 – N source DC – type 2.29
Figure A.1a – Commutating waveform .39
Figure A.1b – Commutating circuit example.40
Figure A.1c – Damping capacitor for gate turn-off thyristors waveform .40
Figure A.1d – Damping circuit example .40
Figure B.1 – Supply conditions .41
Figure C.1 – Measuring circuit.43
Figure C.2 – Relation between the voltage across the capacitor and the supply
44
frequency.
Figure C.3 – Discharge current wave shape.44

Table 1 – Maximum temperature of cooling medium for unlimited time.13
Table 2 – Summary of tests.16
Table 3 – Test voltage between terminals.17
Table 4 – Damp heat test .22
Table 5 – Testing the robustness of terminals.22
Table 6 – Example of current-carrying capacities of screw terminals and bolts .23
Table 7 – Endurance test .24
Table 8 – Destruction test as a function of type of safety system.25
Table 9 – Maximum permissible voltage .32

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SIST EN 61881-1:2011
61881-1 © IEC:2010 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

RAILWAY APPLICATIONS –
ROLLING STOCK EQUIPMENT –
CAPACITORS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS –

Part 1: Paper/plastic film capacitors


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61881-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 9: Electrical
equipment and systems for railways.
IEC 61881-1 cancels and replaces IEC 61881 (1999).
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
9/1405/FDIS 9/1454/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

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SIST EN 61881-1:2011
– 6 – 61881-1 © IEC:2010
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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SIST EN 61881-1:2011
61881-1 © IEC:2010 – 7 –
RAILWAY APPLICATIONS –
ROLLING STOCK EQUIPMENT –
CAPACITORS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS –

Part 1: Paper/plastic film capacitors



1 Scope
This part of IEC 61881 applies to capacitors for power electronics intended to be used on
rolling stock.
The rated voltage of capacitors covered by this part is limited to 10 000 V.
The operating frequency of the systems in which these capacitors are used is usually up to
15 kHz, while the pulse frequencies may be up to 5 to 10 times the operating frequency.
It distinguishes between AC and DC capacitors.
They are considered as components mounted in enclosures.
NOTE This standard covers an extremely wide range of capacitor technologies for numerous applications:
overvoltage protection, DC and AC filtering, switching circuits, DC energy storage, auxiliary inverters, etc.
Examples are given in Clause 9.
The following are excluded from this standard:
– capacitors for induction heat-generating plants operating at frequencies between 40 Hz and
24 000 Hz (see IEC 60110-1 and 60110-2);
– capacitors for motor applications and the like (see IEC 60252-1 and IEC 60252-2);
– capacitors to be used in circuits for blocking one or more harmonics in power supply
networks;
– small AC capacitors as used for fluorescent and discharge lamps (see IEC 61048 and
IEC 61049);
– capacitors for suppression of radio interference (see IEC 60384-14);
– shunt capacitors for AC power systems having a rated voltage above 1 000 V (see
IEC 60871-1 and IEC 60871-2);
– shunt power capacitors of the self-healing type for AC systems having a rated voltage up to
and including 1 000 V (see IEC 60831-1 and IEC 60831-2);
– shunt power capacitor of the non self-healing type for AC systems having a rated voltage up
to and including 1 000 V (see IEC 60931-1 and IEC 60931-2);
– series capacitors for power systems (see IEC 60143-1, IEC 60143-2 and IEC 60143-3);
– coupling capacitors and capacitors dividers (see IEC 60358);
– capacitors for applications requiring energy storage/high current discharge such as
photocopiers and lasers;
– capacitors for microwave ovens;
– capacitors for power electronics (see IEC 61071).

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