SIST EN 14216:2015
(Main)Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cements
Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cements
This European Standard defines and gives the specifications of six distinct very low heat special cement products and their constituents. The definition of each cement includes the proportions in which the constituents are to be combined to produce these distinct products in a single strength class having a limited heat of hydration value. The definition also includes requirements the constituents have to meet and the mechanical, physical, chemical and heat of hydration requirements for these products. This European Standard also states the conformity criteria and the related rules. Necessary durability requirements are also given.
In addition to the specified requirements, an exchange of additional information between the cement producer and user can be helpful. The procedures for such an exchange are not within the scope of this European Standard but should be dealt with in accordance with national standards or regulations or can be agreed between the parties concerned.
NOTE 1 The word "cement" in this European Standard is used to refer to very low heat special cement unless otherwise indicated.
NOTE 2 The risk of early-age thermal cracking in concrete depends upon the properties and execution and is, therefore, also dependent on factors other than the heat of hydration of the cement.
Zement - Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen und Konformitätskriterien von Sonderzement mit sehr niedriger Hydratationswärme
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an sechs verschiedene Sonderzementprodukte mit sehr niedriger Hydratationswärme und ihre Bestandteile sowie die entsprechenden Definitionen fest. Die Definition jedes Zementes beinhaltet die Anteile der Bestandteile, die erforderlich sind, um jedes dieser Produkte für eine einzelne Festigkeitsklasse mit einem Grenzwert für die Hydratationswärme herzustellen. Sie beinhaltet ferner die Anforderungen an die Bestandteile und an die mechanischen, physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften sowie die Anforderungen an die Hydratationswärme für diese Produkte. Darüber hinaus werden in dieser Europäischen Norm die Konformitätskriterien und die entsprechenden Regeln festgelegt. Die notwendigen Anforderungen an die Dauerhaftigkeit sind auch angegeben.
Neben den festgelegten Anforderungen kann ein Austausch von zusätzlichen Informationen zwischen Zementhersteller und -anwender hilfreich sein. Die Vorgehensweisen für einen solchen Informationsaustausch sind nicht Gegenstand von dieser Europäischen Norm. Sie sollten in Übereinstimmung mit nationalen Normen oder Vorschriften festgelegt werden oder können zwischen den Beteiligten vereinbart werden.
ANMERKUNG 1 Sofern nicht anders angegeben, kennzeichnet das Wort „Zement" in dieser Europäischen Norm ausschließlich Sonderzemente mit sehr niedriger Hydratationswärme.
ANMERKUNG 2 Die Gefahr der frühzeitigen wärmebedingten Rissbildung hängt von den Eigenschaften des Betons und von der Ausführung ab und ist daher nicht nur von der Hydratationswärme des Zementes, sondern auch von anderen Faktoren abhängig.
Ciments - Composition, spécifications et critères de conformité de ciments speciaux à très faible chaleur d'hydratation
Cement - Sestava, zahteve in merila skladnosti za posebne cemente z zelo nizko toploto hidratacije
Ta evropski standard določa in vsebuje zahteve za šest različnih posebnih cementnih izdelkov z zelo nizko toploto hidratacije in njihove sestavine. Definicija vsakega cementa vključuje razmerja, v katerih se sestavine združijo, da se proizvedejo ti različni izdelki enega trdnostnega razreda z omejeno vrednostjo toplote hidratacije. Definicija vključuje tudi zahteve, ki jih morajo izpolnjevati sestavine, ter mehanske, fizikalne in kemijske zahteve ter zahteve glede toplote hidratacije za te izdelke. Ta evropski standard določa tudi merila skladnosti in povezana pravila. Navedene so tudi zahteve za potrebno trajnost.
Poleg navedenih zahtev je lahko koristna tudi izmenjava dodatnih informacij med izdelovalcem cementa in uporabnikom. Postopki za takšno izmenjavo ne spadajo v področje uporabe tega evropskega standarda, temveč naj bi se obravnavali v skladu z nacionalnimi standardi ali predpisi ali po dogovoru med vpletenimi stranmi.
OPOMBA 1: Izraz »cement« v tem evropskem standardu se nanaša na poseben cement z zelo nizko toploto hidratacije, če ni navedeno drugače.
OPOMBA 2: Tveganje za termične razpoke v mladem betonu je odvisno od lastnosti in izvedbe ter je torej odvisno tudi od drugih dejavnikov, ne samo od toplote hidratacije cementa.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Cement - Sestava, zahteve in merila skladnosti za posebne cemente z zelo nizko toploto hidratacijeZement - Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen und Konformitätskriterien von Sonderzement mit sehr niedriger HydratationswärmeCiments - Composition, spécifications et critères de conformité de ciments speciaux à très faible chaleur d'hydratationCement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cements91.100.10Cement. Mavec. Apno. MaltaCement. Gypsum. Lime. MortarICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14216:2015SIST EN 14216:2015en,fr,de01-oktober-2015SIST EN 14216:2015SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14216:20041DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14216:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14216
July 2015 ICS 91.100.10 Supersedes EN 14216:2004English Version
Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cements
Ciments - Composition, spécifications et critères de conformité de ciments speciaux à très faible chaleur d'hydratation
Zement - Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen und Konformitätskriterien von Sonderzement mit sehr niedriger Hydratationswärme This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 April 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14216:2015 ESIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 2 Contents
Page
European foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Very low heat special cement . 6 5 Constituents . 6 6 Composition and notation . 6 7 Mechanical, physical, heat of hydration, chemical and durability requirements . 8 7.1 Mechanical requirements - Standard strength . 8 7.2 Physical requirements . 8 7.2.1 Initial setting time . 8 7.2.2 Soundness . 8 7.2.3 Heat of hydration . 8 7.3 Chemical requirements . 8 7.4 Durability requirements . 9 7.5 Dangerous substances . 9 8 Standard designation . 9 9 Conformity criteria . 10 9.1 General requirements . 10 9.2 Conformity criteria for mechanical, physical and chemical properties and evaluation procedure . 11 9.2.1 General . 11 9.2.2 Statistical conformity criteria . 12 9.2.3 Single result conformity criteria . 14 9.3 Conformity criteria for cement composition . 15 9.4 Conformity criteria for properties of the cement constituents . 15 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of EU Construction Products Regulation . 16 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 16 ZA.2 Procedure for AVCP of very low heat special cements . 18 ZA.2.1 System of AVCP . 18 ZA.2.2 Declaration of performance (DoP) . 19 ZA.2.2.1 General . 19 ZA.2.2.2 Content . 20 ZA.2.2.3 Example of DoP . 20 ZA.3 CE marking and labelling . 22 Bibliography . 24
SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 14216:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14216:2004. Compared to the version EN 14216:2004 the following major changes have been included in this document:
— use of the terminology given by the Construction Products Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 305/2011); — a clause “Dangerous substances” has been added; — the former Annex A (informative) “Water-soluble hexavalent chromium” has been deleted; — Annex ZA has been revised in accordance with the Construction Products Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 305/2011). This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. For relationship with Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. The various stages in the development of a European Standard for common cement, in response to the preliminary mandate given to CEN by the EC and the EFTA, are described in EN 197-1. It is indicated that, in view of the large numbers of different cements involved, it was considered necessary to separate the "common cements", which are now covered by EN 197-1, from special cements, i.e. those with special properties or those having hardening processes not mainly dependent on the hydration of calcium silicates. The low heat property for common cements is covered by EN 197-1. A need for control of heat development during hydration of concrete is referred to in EN 206. Classification of cements with respect to heat of hydration is one method whereby heat development of concrete can be controlled. The purpose of this European Standard is therefore to specify the heat of hydration for very low heat special cements. Composition and other requirements are those specified in EN 197-1 for common cements. Conformity criteria are additionally specified. The requirements in this European Standard are based on the results of tests on cement in accordance with EN 196-1, EN 196-2, EN 196-3, EN 196-5, EN 196-7, EN 196-8 and EN 196-9. The scheme for the evaluation of conformity in EN 197-2 is applicable to very low heat special cements. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 4 Introduction It is recognized that different cements have different properties and performance. Those performance tests now available (i.e. setting time, strength, soundness and heat of hydration) have been included in this European Standard. In addition, work is being carried out by CEN/TC 51 to identify any additional tests which are needed to specify further performance characteristics of cement. Until further performance tests are available, it is highly recommended that the choice of cement, especially the type and/or strength class in relation to the requirements for durability depending on exposure class and type of construction in which it is incorporated, follows the appropriate standards and/or regulations for concrete valid in the place of use. SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard defines and gives the specifications of six distinct very low heat special cement products and their constituents. The definition of each cement includes the proportions in which the constituents are to be combined to produce these distinct products in a single strength class having a limited heat of hydration value. The definition also includes requirements the constituents have to meet and the mechanical, physical, chemical and heat of hydration requirements for these products. This European Standard also states the conformity criteria and the related rules. Necessary durability requirements are also given. In addition to the specified requirements, an exchange of additional information between the cement producer and user can be helpful. The procedures for such an exchange are not within the scope of this European Standard but should be dealt with in accordance with national standards or regulations or can be agreed between the parties concerned. NOTE 1 The word "cement" in this European Standard is used to refer to very low heat special cement unless otherwise indicated. NOTE 2 The risk of early-age thermal cracking in concrete depends upon the properties and execution and is, therefore, also dependent on factors other than the heat of hydration of the cement. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength EN 196-2, Methods of testing cement - Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement - Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness EN 196-5, Methods of testing cement - Part 5: Pozzolanicity test for pozzolanic cement EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement - Part 7: Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement EN 196-8, Methods of testing cement - Part 8: Heat of hydration - Solution method EN 196-9, Methods of testing cement - Part 9: Heat of hydration - Semi-adiabatic method EN 197-1, Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements EN 197-2:2014, Cement - Part 2: Conformity evaluation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 197-1 apply. SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 6 4 Very low heat special cement Very low heat special cement is a hydraulic binder, i.e. a finely ground inorganic material which, when mixed with water, forms a paste which sets and hardens by means of hydration reactions and processes and which, after hardening, retains its strength and stability even under water. It has hydration reactions and processes identical to those of common cements (see EN 197-1) but through composition, fineness or reactivity of constituents the hydration process is slower. Very low heat special cement is particularly suitable for dams and other similar massive construction, where the dimensions of the structure have a low surface/volume ratio. In this case, the dispersion of heat, developed during the hydration of the cement, is very slow and therefore it is possible to have large increases in temperature. Thermal gradients then develop between internal and external zones of the concrete setting up internal stress which can be greater than the tensile strength of the concrete and lead to cracking and breakdown. These same properties make very low heat special cement unsuitable for use in reinforced, elevated, concrete structures, e.g. bridges or buildings. NOTE Low heat common cements or low heat low early strength blastfurnace cements conforming to EN 197-1 are suitable for dams and other similar massive construction, depending on the design of the concrete and method of construction. 5 Constituents The constituents of very low heat special cements shall conform to the requirements of the constituents of common cements specified in EN 197-1. 6 Composition and notation The six products in the family of very low heat special cements, covered by this European Standard, and their notation are given in Table 1. They are grouped into three main cement types as follows: — VLH III Blastfurnace cement; — VLH IV Pozzolanic cement; — VLH V Composite cement. The composition of each of the six products in the family of very low heat special cements shall be in accordance with Table 1. For clarity in definition, the requirements for the composition refer to the sum of all main and minor additional constituents. The final cement should be understood as the main and minor additional constituents plus the necessary calcium sulfate and any additives. SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 7 Table 1 — The 6 products in the family of very low heat special cements Main type Notation of the 6 products (types of very low heat special cement) Composition (percentage by mass in % a Main constituents Minor additional constituents Clinker Blast-furnace slag Silica fume Pozzolana Fly ash natural natural calcined siliceous calcareous K S D b P Q V W VLH III Blastfurnace cement VLH III/B 20–34 66–80 – – – – – 0–5 VLH III/C 5–19 81–95 – – – – – 0–5 VLH IV Pozzolanic cement c VLH IV/A 65–89 – <------------------- 11–35 --------------------> 0–5 VLH IV/B 45–64 – <------------------- 36–55 --------------------> 0–5 VLH V Composite cement c VLH V/A 40–64 18–30 – <-------- 18–30 --------> – 0–5 VLH V/B 20–38 31–49 – <-------- 31–49 --------> – 0–5 a The values of the table refer to the sum of the main and minor additional constituents. b The proportion of silica fume is limited to 10 %. c In pozzolanic cements VLH IV/A and VLH IV/B and in composite cements VLH V/A and VLH V/B the main constituents other than clinker shall be declared by designation of the cement (for example see Clause 8). SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 8 7 Mechanical, physical, heat of hydration, chemical and durability requirements 7.1 Mechanical requirements - Standard strength The standard strength of a very low heat special cement is the compressive strength determined in accordance with EN 196-1 at 28 d and shall conform to the requirements in Table 2. One class of standard strength is included; class 22,5 (see Table 2). Table 2 — Mechanical and physical requirements given as characteristic values Strength class Compressive strength MPa Initial
setting time Soundness (expansion) Standard strength 28 d min mm 22,5 ≥ 22,5 ≤ 42,5 ≥ 75 ≤ 10 7.2 Physical requirements 7.2.1 Initial setting time The initial setting time, determined in accordance with EN 196-3, shall conform to the requirement in Table 2. 7.2.2 Soundness The expansion, determined in accordance with EN 196-3, shall conform to the requirement in Table 2. 7.2.3 Heat of hydration The heat of hydration of very low heat special cements shall not exceed the characteristic value of 220 J/g, determined in accordance with either EN 196-8 at 7 d or in accordance with EN 196-9 at 41 h. A pre-normative research project has demonstrated the equivalence of test results for EN 196-8 at 7 d and EN 196-9 at 41 h. Nevertheless, in case of dispute between laboratories, the method to be applied should be agreed. 7.3 Chemical requirements The properties of the cements of the cement type shown in column 3 of Table 3 shall conform to the requirements listed in column 4 of this table when tested in accordance with the standard referred to in column 2. SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 9 Table 3 — Chemical requirements given as characteristic values 1 2 3 4 Property Test reference Cement type Requirements a Loss on ignition EN 196-2 VLH III ≤ 5,0 % Insoluble residue EN 196-2 b VLH III ≤ 5,0 % Sulfate content (as SO3) EN 196-2 VLH IV VLH V ≤ 3,5 % VLH III/B ≤ 4,0 % VLH III/C ≤ 4,5 % Chloride content EN 196-2 All c ≤ 0,10 % Pozzolanicity EN 196-5 VLH IV Satisfies the test at 8 d a Requirements are given as percentage by mass of the final cement. b Determination of residue insoluble in hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate. c Cement type VLH III may contain more than 0,1 % chloride but in that case the maximum chloride content shall be stated on the packaging and/or the delivery note. 7.4 Durability requirements In many applications, particularly in severe environmental conditions, the choice of cement has an influence on the durability of concrete, mortar and grouts, e.g. frost resistance, chemical resistance and protection of reinforcement. The choice of cement, from this European Standard, particularly as regards type and heat of hydration for different applications and exposure classes shall follow the appropriate standards and/or regulations for concrete or mortar valid in the place of use. The mortar or concrete made from very low heat special cements requires additional protection from drying out and from carbonation during curing. Frost resistance of very low heat special cement concrete should be suitable for the exposure conditions in the place of use. 7.5 Dangerous substances National regulations on dangerous substances may require verification and declaration on release, and sometimes content, when construction products covered by this standard are placed on those markets. In the absence of European harmonized test methods, verification and declaration on release/content should be done taking into account national provisions in the place of use. NOTE An informative database covering European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the Construction web site on EUROPA accessed through: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/cpd-ds/. 8 Standard designation Very low heat special cements shall be identified by the notation of the cement type as specified in Table 1 and the figure 22,5 indicating the standard strength class (see 7.1). SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 10 EXAMPLE 1 Very low heat special cement with a granulated blastfurnace slag (S) content between 81 % and 95 % of strength class 22,5, with a very low heat of hydration is identified by: Very low heat special blastfurnace cement EN 14216 — VLH III/C 22,5 EXAMPLE 2 Very low heat special cement with a natural pozzolana (P) content between 36 % and 55 % of strength class 22,5 with a very low heat of hydration is identified by: Very low heat special pozzolanic cement EN 14216 — VLH IV/B (P) 22,5 EXAMPLE 3 Very low heat special composite cement containing between 18 % and 30 % by mass of granulated blastfurnace slag (S) and between 18 % and 30 % by mass of siliceous fly ash (V) of strength class 22,5 with a very low heat of hydration is identified by: Very low heat special composite cement EN 14216 — VLH V/A (S-V) 22,5 9 Conformity criteria 9.1 General requirements Conformity of the six products to this European Standard shall be continually evaluated on the basis of testing of spot samples. The properties, test methods and the minimum testing frequencies for the autocontrol testing by the manufacturer are specified in Table 4. For cement not being dispatched continuously testing frequencies and other details, see EN 197-2. Alternative test methods could be used provided that they have been validated in accordance with the appropriate provisions in the cited standards of the reference test methods. In the event of a dispute, only the reference methods are used. NOTE 1 For certification of constancy of performance by a notified body, conformity of cement with this European Standard is evaluated in accordance with EN 197-2. NOTE 2 This European Standard does not deal with acceptance inspection at delivery. The compliance of the very low heat special cements with the requirements of this European Standard and with the stated values (including classes) shall be demonstrated by: — assessment of the performance of the construction product, — factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment. SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 11 Table 4 — Properties and test methods and minimum testing frequencies for the autocontrol testing by the manufacturer and the statistical assessment procedure Property Cements to be tested Test method a,b Autocontrol testing Minimum testing frequency Statistical assessment procedure Routine situation Initial period for a new type of cement Inspection by Variables e Attributes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Standard strength All EN 196-1 2/week 4/week x
Initial setting time All EN 196-3 2/week 4/week
x f Soundness (expansion) All EN 196-3 1/week 4/week
x Loss on ignition VLH III EN 196-2 2/month c 1/week
x f Insoluble residue VLH III EN 196-2 2/month c 1/week
x f Sulfate content All EN 196-2 2/week 4/week
x f Chloride content All EN 196-2 2/month c 1/week
x f Pozzolanicity VLH IV EN 196-5 2/month 1/week
x Heat of hydration All EN 196-8 or EN 196-9 1/month 1/week
x f Composition All — d 1/month 1/week
a Where allowed in the relevant part of EN 196, other methods than those indicated may be used providing they give results equivalent to those obtained with the reference method. b The methods used to take and prepare samples shall be in accordance with EN 196-7. c When none of the test results within a period of 12 months exceeds 50 % of the characteristic value the frequency may be reduced to one per month. d Appropriate test method chosen by the manufacturer. e If the data are not normally distributed then the method of assessment may be decided on a case by case basis. f If the number of samples is at least one per week during the control period, the assessment may be made by variables. 9.2 Conformity criteria for mechanical, physical and chemical properties and evaluation procedure 9.2.1 General Conformity of cement with the requirements for mechanical, physical and chemical properties in this European Standard is assumed if the conformity criteria specified in 9.2.2 and 9.2.3 are met. Conformity shall be evaluated on the basis of continual sampling using spot samples taken at the point of release and on the basis of the test results obtained on all autocontrol samples taken during the control period. SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 12 9.2.2 Statistical conformity criteria 9.2.2.1 General Conformity shall be formulated in terms of a statistical criterion based on: — the specified characteristic values for mechanical, physical and chemical properties as given in 7.1, 7.2, and 7.3 of this European Standard; — the percentile Pk on which the specified characteristic value is based, as given in Table 5; — the allowable probability of acceptance CR, as given in Table 5. Table 5 — Required values Pk and CR
Mechanical requirements Physical and chemical requirements Standard strength (Lower limit) Standard strength (Upper limit) The percentile Pk on which the characteristic value is based 5 % 10 % Allowable probability of acceptance CR 5 % NOTE Conformity evaluation by a procedure based on a finite number of test results can only produce an approximate value for the proportion of results outside the specified characteristic value in a population. The larger the sample size (number of test results), the better the approximation. The selected probability of acceptance CR controls the degree of approximation by the sampling plan. Conformity with the requirements of this European Standard shall be verified either by variables or by attributes, as described in 9.2.2.2 and 9.2.2.3 as specified in Table 4. The control period shall be 12 months. 9.2.2.2 Inspection by variables For this inspection the test results are assumed to be normally distributed. Conformity is verified when Formula (1) and Formula (2), as relevant, are satisfied: Lskx≥⋅−A (1) and Uskx≤⋅+A (2) where x is the arithmetic mean of the totality of the autocontrol test results in the control period; s is the standard deviation of the totality of the autocontrol test results in the control period; kA is the acceptability constant; L is the specified lower limit given in Table 2 referred to in 7.1; U is the specified upper limit given in Table 2 and Table 3 referred to in Clause 7. SIST EN 14216:2015
EN 14216:2015 (E) 13 The acceptability constant kA depends on the percentile Pk on which the characteristic value is based, on the allowable probability of acceptance CR and on the number n of the test results. Values of kA are listed in Table 6. Table 6 — Acceptability constant kA Number of test results n kA a for Pk = 5 % for Pk = 10 % Standard strength, lower limit) (other properties) 20 to 21 22 to 23 24 to 25 26 to 27 28 to 29 30 to 34 35 to 39 40 to 44 45 to 49 50 to 59 60 to 69 70 to 79 80 to 89 90 to 99 100 to 149 150 to 199 200 to 299 300 to 399 > 400 2,40 2,35 2,31 2,27 2,24 2,22 2,17 2,13 2,09 2,07 2,02 1,99 1,97 1,94 1,93 1,87 1,84 1,80 1,78 1,93 1,89 1,85 1,82 1,80 1,78 1,73 1,70 1,67 1,65 1,61 1,58 1,56 1,54 1,53 1,48 1,45 1,42 1,40 NOTE Values given in this table are valid for CR = 5 %. a Values of kA valid for intermediate values of n may also be used. 9.2.2.3 Inspection by attributes The number cD of test results outside the characteristic value shall be counted and compared with an acceptable number cA, calculated from the number n of autocontrol test re
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Cement - Sestava, zahteve in merila skladnosti za posebne cemente z zelo nizko toploto hidratacijeZement - Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen und Konformitätskriterien von Sonderzement mit sehr niedriger HydratationswärmeCiments - Composition, spécifications et critères de conformité de ciments speciaux à très faible chaleur d'hydratationCement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cements91.100.10Cement. Mavec. Apno. MaltaCement. Gypsum. Lime. MortarICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:FprEN 14216kSIST FprEN 14216:2013en,fr,de01-oktober-2013kSIST FprEN 14216:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
kSIST FprEN 14216:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
FINAL DRAFT
FprEN 14216
August 2013 ICS 91.100.10 Will supersede EN 14216:2004English Version
Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cements
Ciments - Composition, spécifications et critères de conformité de ciments speciaux à très faible chaleur d'hydratation
Zement - Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen und Konformitätskriterien von Sonderzement mit sehr niedriger Hydratationswärme This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 51.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
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B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. FprEN 14216:2013: EkSIST FprEN 14216:2013
FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 2 Contents Foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Very low heat special cement . 5 5 Constituents . 6 6 Composition and notation . 6 7 Mechanical, physical, heat of hydration, chemical and durability requirements . 8 8 Standard designation . 10 9 Conformity criteria . 10 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of EU Construction Products Regulation . 16 Bibliography . 24
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FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (FprEN 14216:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure. This document will supersede EN 14216:2004. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This document includes a Bibliography. The various stages in the development of a European Standard for common cement, in response to the preliminary Mandate given to CEN by the EC and the EFTA, are described in EN 197-1. It is indicated that, in view of the large numbers of different cements involved, it was considered necessary to separate the "common cements", which are now covered by EN 197-1, from special cements i.e. those with special properties or those having hardening processes not mainly dependent on the hydration of calcium silicates. The low heat property for common cements is covered by EN 197-1. A need for control of heat development during hydration of concrete is referred to in EN 206-1. Classification of cements with respect to heat of hydration is one method whereby heat development of concrete can be controlled. The purpose of this European Standard is therefore to specify the heat of hydration for very low heat special cements. Composition and other requirements are those specified in EN 197-1 for common cements. Conformity criteria are additionally specified.
The requirements in this European Standard are based on the results of tests on cement in accordance with EN 196, Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 5, Part 7, Part 8 and Part 9. The scheme for the evaluation of conformity in EN 197-2 is applicable to very low heat special cements.
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FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 4 Introduction It is recognised that different cements have different properties and performance. Those performance tests now available (i.e. setting time, strength, soundness and heat of hydration) have been included in this European Standard. In addition, work is being carried out by CEN/TC 51 to identify any additional tests which are needed to specify further performance characteristics of cement. Until further performance tests are available it is highly recommended that the choice of cement, especially the type and/or strength class in relation to the requirements for durability depending on exposure class and type of construction in which it is incorporated, follows the appropriate standards and/or regulations for concrete valid in the place of use. kSIST FprEN 14216:2013
FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard defines and gives the specifications of six distinct very low heat special cement products and their constituents. The definition of each cement includes the proportions in which the constituents are to be combined to produce these distinct products in a single strength class having a limited heat of hydration value. The definition also includes requirements the constituents have to meet and the mechanical, physical, chemical and heat of hydration requirements for these products. This European Standard also states the conformity criteria and the related rules. Necessary durability requirements are also given. In addition to the specified requirements, an exchange of additional information between the cement producer and user can be helpful. The procedures for such an exchange are not within the scope of this European Standard but should be dealt with in accordance with national standards or regulations or can be agreed between the parties concerned. NOTE 1 The word "cement" in this European Standard is used to refer to very low heat special cement unless otherwise indicated. NOTE 2 The risk of early-age thermal cracking in concrete depends upon the properties and execution and is, therefore, also dependent on factors other than the heat of hydration of the cement.
2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement —- Part 1: Determination of strength EN 196-2, Methods of testing cement — Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement — Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness EN 196-5, Methods of testing cement — Part 5: Pozzolanicity test for pozzolanic cement EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement — Part 7: Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement EN 196-8, Methods of testing cement — Part 8: Heat of hydration — Solution method EN 196-9, Methods of testing cement — Part 9: Heat of hydration — Semi-adiabatic method EN 197-1, Cement — Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements EN 197-2:2000, Cement — Part 2: Conformity evaluation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 197-1 apply. 4 Very low heat special cement Very low heat special cement is a hydraulic binder, i.e. a finely ground inorganic material which, when mixed with water, forms a paste which sets and hardens by means of hydration reactions and processes and which, kSIST FprEN 14216:2013
FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 6 after hardening, retains its strength and stability even under water. It has hydration reactions and processes identical to those of common cements (see EN 197-1) but through composition, fineness or reactivity of constituents the hydration process is slower. Very low heat special cement is particularly suitable for dams and other similar massive construction, where the dimensions of the structure have a low surface/volume ratio. In this case, the dispersion of heat, developed during the hydration of the cement, is very slow and therefore it is possible to have large increases in temperature. Thermal gradients then develop between internal and external zones of the concrete setting up internal stress which can be greater than the tensile strength of the concrete and lead to cracking and breakdown. These same properties make very low heat special cement unsuitable for use in reinforced, elevated, concrete structures, e.g. bridges or buildings. NOTE Low heat common cements or low early strength blastfurnace cements conforming to EN 197-1 are suitable for dams and other similar massive construction, depending on the design of the concrete and method of construction. 5 Constituents The constituents of very low heat special cements shall conform to the requirements of the constituents of common cements specified in EN 197-1. 6 Composition and notation The 6 products in the family of very low heat special cements, covered by this European Standard, and their notation are given in Table 1. They are grouped into three main cement types as follows: VLH III Blastfurnace cement; VLH IV Pozzolanic cement; VLH V Composite cement. The composition of each of the 6 products in the family of very low heat special cements shall be in accordance with Table 1. For clarity in definition, the requirements for the composition refer to the sum of all main and minor additional constituents. The final cement should be understood as the main and minor additional constituents plus the necessary calcium sulfate and any additives.
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FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 7 Table 1 — The 6 products in the family of very low heat special cements Main type Notation of the 6 products (types of very low heat special cement) Composition (percentage by mass in % a)
Main constituents
Minor additional constituents Clinker Blast-furnace slag Silica fume Pozzolana Fly ash natural natural calcined siliceous calcareous K S D b P Q V W VLH III Blastfurnace cement VLH III/B 20–34 66–80 – – – – – 0–5 VLH III/C 5–19 81–95 – – – – – 0–5 VLH IV Pozzolanic cement c VLH IV/A 65–89 – <------------------- 11–35 --------------------> 0–5 VLH IV/B 45–64 – <------------------- 36–55 --------------------> 0–5 VLH V Composite cement c VLH V/A 40–64 18–30 – <-------- 18–30 --------> – 0–5 VLH V/B 20–38 31–49 – <-------- 31–49 --------> – 0–5 a The values of the table refer to the sum of the main and minor additional constituents. b The proportion of silica fume is limited to 10 %. c In pozzolanic cements VLH IV/A and VLH IV/B and in composite cements VLH V/A and VLH V/B the main constituents other than clinker shall be declared by designation of the cement (for example see Clause 8).
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FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 8 7 Mechanical, physical, heat of hydration, chemical and durability requirements 7.1 Mechanical requirements - Standard strength The standard strength of a very low heat special cement is the compressive strength determined in accordance with EN 196-1 at 28 days and shall conform to the requirements in Table 2. One class of standard strength is included; class 22,5 (see Table 2). Table 2 — Mechanical and physical requirements given as characteristic values Strength class Compressive strength MPa Initial
setting time Soundness (expansion) Standard strength 28 days min mm 22,5 ≥ 22,5 ≤ 42,5 ≥ 75 ≤ 10
7.2 Physical requirements 7.2.1 Initial setting time The initial setting time, determined in accordance with EN 196-3, shall conform to the requirement in Table 2. 7.2.2 Soundness The expansion, determined in accordance with EN 196-3, shall conform to the requirement in Table 2. 7.2.3 Heat of hydration The heat of hydration of very low heat special cements shall not exceed the characteristic value of 220 J/g, determined in accordance with either EN 196-8 at 7 days or in accordance with EN 196-9 at 41 h. A pre-normative research project has demonstrated the equivalence of test results for EN 196-8 at 7 days and EN 196-9 at 41 h. Nevertheless, in case of dispute between laboratories, the method to be applied should be agreed. 7.3 Chemical requirements The properties of the cements of the cement type shown in column 3 of Table 3 shall conform to the requirements listed in column 4 of this table when tested in accordance with the standard referred to in column 2.
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FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 9 Table 3 — Chemical requirements given as characteristic values 1 2 3 4 Property Test reference Cement type Requirements a Loss on ignition EN 196-2 VLH III ≤ 5,0 % Insoluble residue EN 196-2 b VLH III ≤ 5,0 % Sulfate content (as SO3) EN 196-2 VLH IV VLH V
≤ 3,5 %
VLH III/B ≤ 4,0 % VLH III/C ≤ 4,5 % Chloride content EN 196-2 All c ≤ 0,10 % Pozzolanicity EN 196-5 VLH IV Satisfies the test at 8 days a Requirements are given as percentage by mass of the final cement. b Determination of residue insoluble in hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate. c Cement type VLH III may contain more than 0,1 % chloride but in that case the maximum chloride content shall be stated on the packaging and/or the delivery note.
7.4 Durability requirements In many applications, particularly in severe environmental conditions, the choice of cement has an influence on the durability of concrete, mortar and grouts, e.g. frost resistance, chemical resistance and protection of reinforcement. The choice of cement, from this European Standard, particularly as regards type and heat of hydration for different applications and exposure classes shall follow the appropriate standards and/or regulations for concrete or mortar valid in the place of use. The mortar or concrete made from very low heat special cements requires additional protection from drying out and from carbonation during curing. Frost resistance of very low heat special cement concrete should be suitable for the exposure conditions in the place of use. 7.5 Dangerous substances National regulations on dangerous substances may require verification and declaration on release, and sometimes content, when construction products covered by this standard are placed on those markets. In the absence of European harmonised test methods, verification and declaration on release/content should be done taking into account national provisions in the place of use. NOTE An informative database covering European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the Construction web site on EUROPA accessed through: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/cpd-ds/ kSIST FprEN 14216:2013
FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 10 8 Standard designation Very low heat special cements shall be identified by the notation of the cement type as specified in Table 1 and the figure 22,5 indicating the standard strength class (see 7.1). EXAMPLE 1 Very low heat special cement with a granulated blastfurnace slag (S) content between 81 % and 95 % of strength class 22,5, with a very low heat of hydration is identified by: Very low heat special blastfurnace cement EN 14216 – VLH III/C 22,5 EXAMPLE 2 Very low heat special cement with a natural pozzolana (P) content between 36 % and 55 % of strength class 22,5 with a very low heat of hydration is identified by: Very low heat special pozzolanic cement EN 14216 – VLH IV/B (P) 22,5 EXAMPLE 3 Very low heat special composite cement containing between 18 % and 30 % by mass of granulated blastfurnace slag (S) and between 18 % and 30 % by mass of siliceous fly ash (V) of strength class 22,5 with a very low heat of hydration is identified by: Very low heat special composite cement EN 14216 – VLH V/A (S-V) 22,5 9 Conformity criteria 9.1 General requirements Conformity of the 6 products to this European Standard shall be continually evaluated on the basis of testing of spot samples. The properties, test methods and the minimum testing frequencies for the autocontrol testing by the manufacturer are specified in Table 4. For cement not being dispatched continuously testing frequencies and other details, see EN 197-2. Alternative test methods could be used provided that they have been validated in accordance with the appropriate provisions in the cited standards of the reference test methods. In the event of a dispute, only the reference methods are used. NOTE 1 For certification of constancy of performance by a notified body, conformity of cement with this European Standard is evaluated in accordance with EN 197-2. NOTE 2 This European Standard does not deal with acceptance inspection at delivery. The compliance of the very low heat special cements with the requirements of this European Standard and with the stated values (including classes) shall be demonstrated by: determination of the product type, factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment. kSIST FprEN 14216:2013
FprEN 14216:2013 (E) 11 Table 4 — Properties and test methods and minimum testing frequencies for the autocontrol testing by the manufacturer and the statistical assessment procedure Property Cements to be tested Test method a,b Autocontrol testing Minimum testing frequency Statistical assessment procedure Routine situation Initial period for a new type of cement Inspection by Variables e Attributes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Standard strength All EN 196-1 2/week 4/week X
Initial setting time All EN 196-3 2/week 4/week
x f Soundness (expansion) All EN 196-3 1/week 4/week
x Loss on ignition VLH III EN 196-2 2/month c 1/week
x f Insoluble residue VLH III EN 196-2 2/month c 1/week
x f Sulfate content All EN 196-2 2/week 4/week
x f Chloride content All EN 196-2 2/month c 1/week
x f Pozzolanicity VLH IV EN 196-5 2/month 1/week
x Heat of hydration All EN 196-8 or EN 196-9 1/month 1/week
x f Composition All — d 1/month 1/week
a Where allowed in the relevant part of EN 196, other methods than those indicated may be used providing they give results equivalent to those obtained with the reference method. b The methods used to take and prepare samples shall be in accordance with EN 196-7. c When none of the test results within a period of 12 months exceeds 50 % of the characteristic value the frequency may be reduced to one per month. d Appropriate test method chosen by the manufacturer. e If the data are not normally distributed then the method of assessment may be decided on a case by case basis. f If the number of samples is at least one per week during the control period, the assessment may be made by variables.
9.2 Conformity criteria for mechanical, physical and chemical p
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