Specifications for particular types of winding wires - Part 38: Polyester or polyesterimide overcoated with polyamide-imide enamelled round copper wire, class 200, with a bonding layer

IEC 60317-38:2013 specifies the requirements of enamelled round copper winding wire of class 200 with a triple coating. The underlying coating is based on polyester or polyesterimide resin, which may be modified providing it retains the chemical identity of the original resin and meets all specified wire requirements. The secondary coating is based on polyamide-imide resin. The third coating is a bonding layer based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. NOTE - A modified resin is a resin that has undergone a chemical change, or contains one or more additives to enhance certain performance or application characteristics. The range of nominal conductor diameters covered by this part is:  - Grade 1B: 0,050 mm up to and including 1,600 mm;  - Grade 2B: 0,050 mm up to and including 1,600 mm. The nominal conductor diameters are specified in Clause 4 of IEC 60317-0-1:2013. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1992, Amendment 1:1997 and Amendment 2:1999. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:  - new 3.2.2 containing general notes on winding wire, formerly a part of the scope;  - revision to references to IEC 60317-0-1:2013 to clarify that their application is normative;  - new Clause 23, Pin hole test. Key words: requirements of enamelled round copper winding wire, class 200, triple coating

Technische Lieferbedingungen für bestimmte Typen von Wickeldrähten - Teil 38: Runddrähte aus Kupfer, verbackbar, lackisoliert mit Polyester oder Polyesterimid und darüber mit Polyamidimid, Klasse 200

Spécifications pour types particuliers de fils de bobinage - Partie 38: Fil de section circulaire en cuivre émaillé avec polyester ou polyesterimide et avec surcouche polyamide-imide, classe 200, avec une couche adhérente

La CEI 60317-38:2013 spécifie les exigences relatives aux fils de bobinage de section circulaire en cuivre émaillé de classe 200 avec un triple revêtement. La sous-couche est à base de résine polyester ou polyesterimide, qui peut être modifiée sous réserve de conserver l'identité chimique de la résine initiale et de répondre à toutes les exigences spécifiées pour le fil. La deuxième couche est à base de résine polyamide-imide. La troisième couche est une couche adhérente à base de résine thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable. NOTE - Une résine modifiée est une résine qui a subi une modification chimique, ou qui contient un ou plusieurs additifs pour améliorer certaines performances ou les caractéristiques d'utilisation. La gamme des diamètres nominaux des conducteurs couverte par la présente partie est:  - Grade 1B: 0,050 mm jusqu'à 1,600 mm compris;  - Grade 2B: 0,050 mm jusqu'à 1,600 mm compris. Les diamètres nominaux des conducteurs sont spécifiés dans l'Article 4 de la CEI 60317-0-1:2013. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 1992, l'Amendement 1:1997 et l'Amendement 2:1999. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes  par rapport à l'édition précédente:  - un nouveau 3.3.2 contenant des notes générales sur le fil de bobinage intégrées auparavant au domaine d'application;  - une révision des références à la CEI 60317-0-1:2013 pour bien établir que leur application est normative;  - un nouvel Article 23, Détection des microfissures en immersion. Mots clés: exigences relatives aux fils de bobinage de section circulaire en cuivre émaillé, classe 200, triple revêtement

Specifikacije za posebne vrste navijalnih žic - 38. del: S poliestrom ali poliesterimidom prevlečena in s poliamid-imidom emajlirana okrogla bakrena žica, razred 200, s spajalno plastjo (IEC 60317-38:2013)

Ta del standarda IEC 60317 določa zahteve za emajlirane okrogle bakrene navijalne žice razreda 200 s trojno prevleko. Spodnja prevleka je osnovana na poliestrski ali poliesterimidni smoli, ki se lahko spremeni, če ohrani kemijsko identiteto izvirne smole in izpolnjuje vse določene zahteve za žice. Druga prevleka je osnovana na poliamid-imidni smoli. Tretja prevleka je vezana plast, osnovana na termoplastični ali termoreaktivni smoli. OPOMBA: Spremenjena smola je smola, ki je bila kemijsko spremenjena ali vsebuje enega ali več aditivov za izboljšanje določene lastnosti učinkovitosti ali uporabe. Razpon nazivnega premera prevodnika, ki ga zajema ta del standarda, je:
– razred 1B: od 0,050 mm do vključno 1600 mm;
– razred 2B: od 0,050 mm do vključno 1600 mm.
Nazivni premeri prevodnika so navedeni v točki 4 standarda IEC 60317-0-1:2013.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
05-Mar-2014
Technical Committee
I09 - Imaginarni 09
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
27-Feb-2014
Due Date
04-May-2014
Completion Date
06-Mar-2014

Relations

Effective Date
21-Feb-2012
Effective Date
21-Feb-2012
Effective Date
21-Feb-2012
Effective Date
01-Sep-2024
Effective Date
06-May-2014
Effective Date
06-May-2014
Effective Date
06-May-2014

Overview

EN 60317-38:2014 (IEC 60317-38:2013) specifies requirements for enamelled round copper winding wire, class 200, with a triple coating: an underlying polyester or polyesterimide enamel, a polyamide‑imide secondary coating, and a final bonding layer based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. The standard covers manufacturing, dimensional ranges and performance tests for nominal conductor diameters (Grade 1B and 2B: 0.050 mm to 1.600 mm) and replaces earlier editions. Notable updates include clarified normative references and a new pin hole test (Clause 23).

Key topics and technical requirements

  • Coating system: Triple layer - polyester or polyesterimide (base), polyamide‑imide (overcoat), plus a bonding/top layer. Modified resins are permitted if the chemical identity is retained and all wire requirements are met.
  • Thermal class: Class 200 - requires a temperature index ≥ 200 and heat shock ≥ 220 °C (see clause 3.2.2).
  • Dimensional & electrical specs: Nominal conductor diameters per IEC 60317‑0‑1; electrical resistance and conductor tolerances follow the general requirements.
  • Mechanical & electrical tests: Includes elongation, springiness, flexibility/adherence (peel tests), heat shock, cut‑through, resistance to abrasion, solvents and refrigerants, breakdown voltage, continuity of insulation, temperature index, solderability, heat/solvent bonding, dielectric dissipation, resistance to transformer oil and loss of mass.
  • New/updated tests: Addition of the pin hole test to detect coating discontinuities that can compromise insulation integrity.
  • Normative application: References to IEC 60317‑0‑1:2013 and other IEC test method series (e.g., IEC 60851) are normative for application of requirements and test methods.

Applications

EN 60317‑38 is intended for manufacturers and users of insulated winding wire for electrical windings where high thermal performance and robust coating adhesion are required. Typical applications include:

  • Electric motors and generators
  • Transformers and inductors for power electronics
  • High‑temperature coils and actuators
  • Automotive and industrial equipment subject to elevated operating temperatures and chemical exposure

Who uses this standard

  • Winding wire manufacturers and formulators (quality and R&D)
  • Motor, transformer and coil designers specifying wire insulation systems
  • Test laboratories and quality assurance teams performing compliance testing
  • Procurement and certification bodies verifying material conformity

Related standards

  • IEC/EN 60317‑0‑1:2013 - General requirements for enamelled round copper wire (normative)
  • IEC 60851 series - Test methods for winding wires
  • IEC 60264 series - Packaging of winding wires

EN 60317‑38:2014 provides the technical baseline for selecting and qualifying polyester/polyesterimide + polyamide‑imide triple‑coated, class 200 enamelled copper wire for reliable, high‑temperature winding applications.

Standard

SIST EN 60317-38:2014

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Frequently Asked Questions

SIST EN 60317-38:2014 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Specifications for particular types of winding wires - Part 38: Polyester or polyesterimide overcoated with polyamide-imide enamelled round copper wire, class 200, with a bonding layer". This standard covers: IEC 60317-38:2013 specifies the requirements of enamelled round copper winding wire of class 200 with a triple coating. The underlying coating is based on polyester or polyesterimide resin, which may be modified providing it retains the chemical identity of the original resin and meets all specified wire requirements. The secondary coating is based on polyamide-imide resin. The third coating is a bonding layer based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. NOTE - A modified resin is a resin that has undergone a chemical change, or contains one or more additives to enhance certain performance or application characteristics. The range of nominal conductor diameters covered by this part is: - Grade 1B: 0,050 mm up to and including 1,600 mm; - Grade 2B: 0,050 mm up to and including 1,600 mm. The nominal conductor diameters are specified in Clause 4 of IEC 60317-0-1:2013. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1992, Amendment 1:1997 and Amendment 2:1999. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - new 3.2.2 containing general notes on winding wire, formerly a part of the scope; - revision to references to IEC 60317-0-1:2013 to clarify that their application is normative; - new Clause 23, Pin hole test. Key words: requirements of enamelled round copper winding wire, class 200, triple coating

IEC 60317-38:2013 specifies the requirements of enamelled round copper winding wire of class 200 with a triple coating. The underlying coating is based on polyester or polyesterimide resin, which may be modified providing it retains the chemical identity of the original resin and meets all specified wire requirements. The secondary coating is based on polyamide-imide resin. The third coating is a bonding layer based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. NOTE - A modified resin is a resin that has undergone a chemical change, or contains one or more additives to enhance certain performance or application characteristics. The range of nominal conductor diameters covered by this part is: - Grade 1B: 0,050 mm up to and including 1,600 mm; - Grade 2B: 0,050 mm up to and including 1,600 mm. The nominal conductor diameters are specified in Clause 4 of IEC 60317-0-1:2013. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1992, Amendment 1:1997 and Amendment 2:1999. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - new 3.2.2 containing general notes on winding wire, formerly a part of the scope; - revision to references to IEC 60317-0-1:2013 to clarify that their application is normative; - new Clause 23, Pin hole test. Key words: requirements of enamelled round copper winding wire, class 200, triple coating

SIST EN 60317-38:2014 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 29.060.10 - Wires; 77.150.30 - Copper products. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

SIST EN 60317-38:2014 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 60317-38:2001/A2:2001, SIST EN 60317-38:2001, SIST EN 60317-38:2001/A1:2002, SIST EN 60317-38:2014/A1:2024, SIST EN 60317-38:2001, SIST EN 60317-38:2001/A1:2002, SIST EN 60317-38:2001/A2:2001. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

You can purchase SIST EN 60317-38:2014 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.

Standards Content (Sample)


2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Spécifications pour types particuliers de fils de bobinage - Partie 38: Fil de section circulaire en cuivre émaillé avec polyester ou polyesterimide et avec surcouche polyamide-imide, classe 200, avec une couche adhérenteSpecifications for particular types of winding wires - Part 38: Polyester or polyesterimide overcoated with polyamide-imide enamelled round copper wire, class 200, with a bonding layer29.060.10ŽiceWiresICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 60317-38:2014SIST EN 60317-38:2014en01-april-2014SIST EN 60317-38:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 60317-38:2001/A2:2001SIST EN 60317-38:2001/A1:2002SIST EN 60317-38:20011DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60317-38 NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2014
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC -
All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60317-38:2014 E
ICS 29.060.10 Supersedes EN 60317-38:1994 + A1:1998 + A2:2000
English version
Specifications for particular types of winding wires -
Part 38: Polyester or polyesterimide overcoated with polyamide-imide, enamelled round copper wire, class 200, with a bonding layer (IEC 60317-38:2013)
Spécifications pour types particuliers de fils de bobinage -
Partie 38: Fil de section circulaire en cuivre émaillé avec polyester ou polyesterimide et avec surcouche polyamide-imide, classe 200, avec une couche adhérente (CEI 60317-38:2013)
Technische Lieferbedingungen für bestimmte Typen von Wickeldrähten -
Teil 38: Runddrähte aus Kupfer, verzinnbar und verbackbar, lackisoliert mit Polyester oder Polyesterimid und darüber mit Polyamidimid, Klasse 200 (IEC 60317-38:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-11-18. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
The following dates are fixed: • latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2014-08-18 • latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2016-11-18
This document supersedes EN 60317-38:1994.
The numbering of clauses in this standard is not continuous from Clauses 20 and 30 in order to reserve space for possible future wire requirements prior to those for wire packaging.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60317-38:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60264 Series NOTE Harmonized as EN 60264 Series (not modified). IEC 60317 Series NOTE Harmonized as EN 60317 Series (not modified). IEC 60851 Series NOTE Harmonized as EN 60851 Series (not modified).
- 3 - EN 60317-38:2014 Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE
When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60317-0-1 2013 Specifications for particular types
of winding wires -
Part 0-1: General requirements - Enamelled round copper wire EN 60317-0-1 2014
IEC 60317-38 Edition 2.0 2013-10 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Specifications for particular types of winding wires –
Part 38: Polyester or polyesterimide overcoated with polyamide-imide, enamelled round copper wire, class 200, with a bonding layer
Spécifications pour types particuliers de fils de bobinage –
Partie 38: Fil de section circulaire en cuivre émaillé avec polyester ou polyesterimide et avec surcouche polyamide-imide, classe 200, avec une couche adhérente
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE M ICS 29.060.10 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-8322-1139-7
– 2 – 60317-38 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS FOREWORD . 3 INTRODUCTION . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms, definitions, general notes and appearance . 6 3.1 Terms and definitions . 6 3.2 General notes . 6 3.2.1 Methods of test . 6 3.2.2 Winding wire . 6 3.3 Appearance . 7 4 Dimensions . 7 5 Electrical resistance . 7 6 Elongation . 7 7 Springiness . 7 8 Flexibility and adherence . 7 9 Heat shock . 7 10 Cut-through . 7 11 Resistance to abrasion (nominal conductor diameters from 0,250 mm up to and including 1,600 mm) . 7 12 Resistance to solvents . 8 13 Breakdown voltage . 8 14 Continuity of insulation . 8 15 Temperature index . 8 16 Resistance to refrigerants . 8 17 Solderability . 9 18 Heat or solvent bonding . 9 18.1 Heat bonding . 9 18.1.1 Heat bonding strength of a helical coil . 9 18.1.2 Bond strength on a twisted coil . 10 18.2 Solvent bonding . 11 19 Dielectric dissipation factor . 11 20 Resistance to transformer oil . 11 21 Loss of mass . 11 23 Pin hole test . 11 30 Packaging . 11 Bibliography . 12
Table 1 – Resistance to abrasion . 8 Table 2 – Loads . 10 SIST EN 60317-38:2014

60317-38 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ____________
SPECIFICATIONS FOR PARTICULAR TYPES OF WINDING WIRES –
Part 38: Polyester or polyesterimide overcoated with polyamide-imide, enamelled round copper wire, class 200, with a bonding layer
FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental a
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記事タイトル:SIST EN 60317-38:2014 - 特定の巻線線材の仕様 - 第38部:ポリエステルまたはポリエステルイミドを被覆したポリアミドイミド樹脂絶縁の丸型銅線、200クラス、結合層を伴う 記事内容:このIEC 60317の一部では、トリプルコーティングを備えた200クラスの丸型銅巻線線材の要件が規定されています。基層コーティングはポリエステルまたはポリエステルイミド樹脂に基づいており、元の樹脂の化学的同一性を保持し、すべての指定された線材の要件を満たしている限りにおいて変更することができます。第二のコーティングはポリアミドイミド樹脂に基づいており、第三のコーティングは熱可塑性または熱硬化性樹脂に基づく結合層です。注:変更された樹脂とは、化学的変化を受けたり、特定の性能や応用特性を向上させるために1つ以上の添加剤を含んだ樹脂のことを指します。本パートで対象となる名目導体直径の範囲は次の通りです: - 1B グレード:0.050mmから1.600mmまで - 2B グレード:0.050mmから1.600mmまで 名目導体直径はIEC 60317-0-1:2013の第4節で指定されています。

제목: SIST EN 60317-38:2014 - 특정 윈딩 와이어 유형에 대한 사양 - 파트 38: 폴리에스터 또는 폴리에스터이미드로 코팅된 폴리아미드-이미드 장식 라운드 동선 동선, 200등급, 결합층 포함 내용: 이 IEC 60317의 일부는 200등급의 삼중 코팅을 가진 폴리에스터 또는 폴리에스터이미드 재질에 놓인 라운드 동선의 요구 사항을 명시한다. 기본 코팅은 폴리에스터 또는 폴리에스터이미드 수지에 기초하며, 원래의 수지의 화학적 식별성을 유지하며 모든 지정된 와이어 요구 사항을 충족하는 한 수정 될 수 있다. 두 번째 코팅은 폴리아미드-이미드 수지에 기초한다. 세 번째 코팅은 열가소성 또는 열경화성 수지에 기초한 결합층이다. 비고: 수정된 수지란 화학적 변화를 겪거나 특정 성능 또는 응용 특성을 향상시키기 위해 하나 이상의 첨가제가 포함된 수지를 의미한다. 이 파트에서 다루는 명목 동도 길이의 범위는 다음과 같다: - 1B등급 : 0.050mm에서 1.600mm까지 - 2B등급 : 0.050mm에서 1.600mm까지 명목 동도의 지정된 길이는 IEC 60317-0-1:2013의 절 4에서 명시되어 있다.

기사 제목 : SIST EN 60317-38:2014 - 특정 유형의 고압 포장 전도선에 대한 규격 - 38부 : 폴리에스터 또는 폴리에스터이미드로 코팅 된 폴리아미드이미드 도금 동 원사, 200등급, 접착층과 함께 기사 내용 : 이 IEC 60317의 이 부분은 200등급의 삼중 코팅이 있는 폴리에스터로 이루어진 동 원동선에 대한 요구 사항을 명시한다. 기본 코팅은 폴리에스터나 폴리에스터이미드 수지를 기반으로 하며, 이는 원재 수지의 화학적 동일성을 유지하고 모든 지정된 전선 요구 사항을 충족하는 한 개선될 수 있다. 두 번째 코팅은 폴리아미드이미드 수지를 기반으로 한다. 세 번째 코팅은 열가소성 또는 열경화성 수지를 기반으로 한 접착층이다. 참고로 개정 수지는 화학적 변화를 거친 수지이거나 특정 성능이나 응용 특성을 강화하기 위해 하나 이상의 첨가제가 포함 된 수지이다. 이 부분에서 다루는 명목 전도체 직경의 범위는 다음과 같다 : - 1B등급 : 0.050mm에서 1.600mm까지 - 2B등급 : 0.050mm에서 1.600mm까지 명목 전도체 직경은 IEC 60317-0-1:2013의 4조에 명시되어 있다.

The article discusses the specifications for a type of winding wire called SIST EN 60317-38:2014. This wire is made of round copper and has a triple coating. The first coating is made of polyester or polyesterimide resin, which can be modified as long as it meets all the requirements. The second coating is made of polyamide-imide resin, and the third coating is a bonding layer made of either a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. The article also mentions that the nominal conductor diameters vary depending on the grade, ranging from 0.050 mm to 1.600 mm.

記事のタイトル:SIST EN 60317-38:2014-特定の種類のコイル線の仕様-パート38:ポリエステルまたはポリエステリミドで被覆されたポリアミドイミドエナメル丸銅線、クラス200、ボンディング層付き 記事の内容:このIEC 60317の一部は、クラス200の三重コーティングが施されたポリエステル製の丸銅巻線の要件を規定しています。基礎となるコーティングはポリエステルまたはポリエステリミド樹脂であり、元の樹脂の化学的同一性を保ち、指定された全ての線の要件を満たしていれば変更されることがあります。二次コーティングはポリアミドイミド樹脂で、三次コーティングは熱可塑性または熱硬化性樹脂からなるボンディング層です。注:改変された樹脂とは、化学的な変化が行われた樹脂または特定の性能や応用特性を向上させるための1つ以上の添加剤が含まれた樹脂を指します。この規格は、次の範囲の名目導体径をカバーしています: - 1Bグレード:0.050mmから1.600mmまで - 2Bグレード:0.050mmから1.600mmまで 名目導体径は、IEC 60317-0-1:2013の4節で指定されています。

The article discusses the specifications for a type of winding wire known as SIST EN 60317-38:2014. This wire is made of round copper and has a triple coating. The first coating is made of polyester or polyesterimide resin, which may be modified as long as it still meets the requirements of the original resin. The second coating is made of polyamide-imide resin. The third coating is a bonding layer made of either thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. The article also mentions that the wire is available with two different grades, 1B and 2B, which accommodate different diameters of the conductor.