SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
(Main)Snow throwers - Safety requirements and test procedures - Part 3: Ride-on snow throwers (ISO 8437-3:2019)
Snow throwers - Safety requirements and test procedures - Part 3: Ride-on snow throwers (ISO 8437-3:2019)
This part of ISO 8437 specifies safety requirements and test procedures applicable to powered ride-on snow
throwers.
Schneefräsen - Sicherheitsanforderungen und Prüfverfahren - Teil 3: Schneefräsen mit Fahrersitz (ISO 8437-3:2019)
Dieser Teil der ISO 8437 bestimmt Sicherheitsanforderungen und Prüfungsverfahren für Schneefräsen mit aufsitzendem Maschinenführer und Verbrennungsmotoren.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt die für Schneefräsen zutreffenden signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und -ereignisse, bei denen die Maschine bestimmungsgemäß genutzt wird und unter Bedingungen der fehlerhaften Nutzung, die vom Hersteller vernünftigerweise vorhersehbar sind.
Diese Internationale Norm gilt nicht für:
elektrisch betriebene und batteriebetriebene Schneefräsen
tragbare Schneefräsen
Schneeräummaschinen und Geräte für Flughäfen oder Autobahnen
Maschinen zur Verwendung in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen
Diese Internationale Norm behandelt keine Gefährdungen in Bezug auf:
Batteriestromkreise, die 42 V überschreiten;
Stromnetze, die mit dem Anwurfmotor verbunden werden
Erdungsschaltkreise des Magnetzünders;
Arbeitsumgebungen;
die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit
Diese Internationale Norm gilt nur für Maschinen, die nach dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieser Norm hergestellt wurden.
Chasse-neige - Exigences de sécurité et essais - Partie 3: Chasse-neige à conducteur porté (ISO 8437-3:2019)
Le présent document spécifie les exigences de sécurité qui s'appliquent aux chasse-neige à moteur à combustion à conducteur porté. Il est destiné à être utilisé avec l'ISO 8437-1 et l'ISO 8437-4 afin de se conformer pleinement aux exigences et mettre en œuvre tous les moyens de vérification pour les chasse-neige à conducteur porté.
La série ISO 8437 traite des phénomènes dangereux, des situations dangereuses et des événements dangereux significatifs applicables aux chasse-neige lorsqu'ils sont utilisés comme prévu et dans des conditions raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant.
Elle ne s'applique pas:
— aux chasse-neige électriques et à batterie;
— aux chasse-neige portatifs;
— aux machines et au matériel de déneigement pour aéroports ou autoroutes;
— aux machines destinées à être utilisées dans des atmosphères explosibles.
Elle ne traite pas des phénomènes dangereux associés:
— aux circuits de batterie dépassant 42 V;
— aux démarreurs raccordés à l'alimentation secteur;
— aux circuits de mise à la masse de la magnéto;
— à l'environnement de travail;
— à la compatibilité électromagnétique.
La série ISO 8437 ne s'applique pas aux machines fabriquées avant sa date de publication.
Snežne freze - Varnostne zahteve in preskusni postopki - 3. del: Snežne freze, na katerih se sedi (ISO 8437-3:2019)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
01-junij-2021
Snežne freze - Varnostne zahteve in preskusni postopki - 3. del: Snežne freze, na
katerih se sedi (ISO 8437-3:2019)
Snow throwers - Safety requirements and test procedures - Part 3: Ride-on snow
throwers (ISO 8437-3:2019)
Schneefräsen - Sicherheitsanforderungen und Prüfverfahren - Teil 3: Schneefräsen mit
Fahrersitz (ISO 8437-3:2019)
Chasse-neige - Exigences de sécurité et essais - Partie 3: Chasse-neige à conducteur
porté (ISO 8437-3:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ICS:
43.160 Vozila za posebne namene Special purpose vehicles
SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
EN ISO 8437-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 43.160
English Version
Snow throwers - Safety requirements and test procedures
- Part 3: Ride-on snow throwers (ISO 8437-3:2019)
Chasse-neige - Exigences de sécurité et essais - Partie Schneefräsen - Sicherheitsanforderungen und
3: Chasse-neige à conducteur porté (ISO 8437-3:2019) Prüfverfahren - Teil 3: Schneefräsen mit Fahrersitz
(ISO 8437-3:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 February 2019.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 8437-3:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
EN ISO 8437-3:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
EN ISO 8437-3:2021 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 8437-3:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23 "Tractors
and machinery for agriculture and forestry" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 144
“Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 8437-3:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 8437-3:2021 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 8437-3
First edition
2019-07
Snow throwers — Safety requirements
and test procedures —
Part 3:
Ride-on snow throwers
Chasse-neige — Exigences de sécurité et essais —
Partie 3: Chasse-neige à conducteur porté
Reference number
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Snow thrower safety requirements and test procedures . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Controls . 2
4.2.1 General. 2
4.2.2 Engine stopping and starting . 5
4.2.3 Collector and impeller control . 6
4.2.4 Directional control . 7
4.2.5 Clutch control requirements for traction clutch or neutral, or both . 7
4.2.6 Traction speed control . 8
4.2.7 Steering control . 9
4.2.8 Operator-presence control (OPC) .10
4.3 Guards, shields, chutes, deflectors and housings .10
4.3.1 General.10
4.3.2 Hot surfaces.13
4.3.3 Engine exhaust.13
4.4 Fuel .13
4.4.1 Fuel tank overfill test .13
4.4.2 Fuel line axial pull test .13
4.5 Electrical equipment: battery-powered circuits (not including magneto grounding
circuits) .14
4.5.1 Insulated cables .14
4.5.2 Battery installation .14
4.5.3 Overload protection .14
4.5.4 Terminals and non-insulated electrical parts .14
4.6 Power drive .14
4.7 Probe test .14
4.7.1 Test procedure .14
4.7.2 Test acceptance .15
4.8 Electromagnetic immunity .15
4.9 Noise .15
4.10 Vibration .15
5 Instructions for use .16
5.1 Instruction handbook .16
5.2 Markings .16
5.3 Warnings .16
6 Ride–on machines with snow thrower attachment: specific requirements .16
6.1 Service brake .16
6.1.1 Requirements .16
6.1.2 Test procedure .16
6.1.3 Service brake strength requirements .17
6.2 Parking brake .17
6.2.1 Requirements .17
6.2.2 Test procedure .18
6.3 Stability .18
6.3.1 Requirements .18
6.3.2 Test procedure .19
6.3.3 Test acceptance .19
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
Annex A (normative) Instruction handbook .20
Bibliography .23
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture
and forestry, Subcommittee SC 13, powered lawn and garden equipment.
This first edition of ISO 8437-3, together with ISO 8437-1, ISO 8437-2 and ISO 8437-4, cancels and
replaces ISO 8437:1989, which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Amendment
ISO 8437:1989/Amd.1:1997.
A list of all parts in the ISO 8437 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
Introduction
The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows.
a) Type-A standards (basic standards) give basic concepts, principles for design and general aspects
that can be applied to machinery.
b) Type-B standards (generic safety standards) deal with one or more safety aspects or safeguards
that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
1) type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature,
noise);
2) type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-handed controls, interlocking devices, pressure
sensitive devices, guards).
c) Type-C standards (machinery safety standards) deal with detailed safety requirements for a
particular machine or group of machines.
ISO 8437 is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When provisions of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the provisions of this type-C standard shall take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type-C
standard.
vi © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
Snow throwers — Safety requirements and test
procedures —
Part 3:
Ride-on snow throwers
1 Scope
This document specifies safety requirements applicable to combustion engine powered ride-on snow
throwers. It is intended to be used with ISO 8437-1 and ISO 8437-4 to achieve the full requirements and
means for ride-on snow throwers.
The ISO 8437 series deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to snow
throwers used as intended and under the conditions reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It does not apply to the following:
— electrically powered and battery powered snow throwers;
— hand-held snow throwers;
— airport or highway snow removal machines and equipment;
— machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.
It does not deal with hazards related to the following:
— battery circuits exceeding 42 V;
— mains connected starting motor;
— magneto grounding circuits;
— working environment;
— electromagnetic compatibility.
The ISO 8437 series is not applicable to machines that were manufactured before the date of its
publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3411, Earth-moving machinery — Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space
envelope
ISO 5395-3, Garden equipment — Safety requirements for combustion-engine-powered lawnmowers —
Part 3: Ride-on lawnmowers with seated operator
ISO 8437-1:2019, Snow throwers — Safety requirements and test procedures — Part 1: Terminology and
common tests
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
ISO 8437-4:2019, Snow throwers — Safety requirements and test procedures — Part 4: Information on
national and regional provisions
ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in ISO 8437-1 and ISO 12100 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
4 Snow thrower safety requirements and test procedures
4.1 General
The machines shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause.
In addition, the machine shall be designed in accordance with the principles of ISO 12100 for hazards
relevant but not significant that are not dealt with by this document (e.g. sharp edges on the outside of
the machine).
A slip-resistant surface or other means shall be provided to minimize the possibility of an operator’s
foot slipping off the foot supports or platforms.
Machines with a snow thrower shall be equipped with two red-colour reflex reflectors. They shall face
rearward and be mounted a minimum of 305 mm above the ground. A red tail light, visible at 91,4 m,
may be substituted for reflectors. Reflectors or tail lights shall be provided with the snow thrower
attachments if the propelling machine is not equipped with reflectors or tail lights.
For additional regional and national requirements, see ISO 8437-4:2019, Clause 6.
4.2 Controls
4.2.1 General
Operator controls shall be located within, and have a range of movement which remains within, the
operator control position given in Figure 1, except for
— engine controls,
— snow discharge chute and deflector control(s),
— manual lift,
— hydrostatic bypass valve, and
— parking brake.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and measurement.
The controls shall be designed such that they can be operated by an operator with and without arctic
mittens see Figure 2.
Compliance shall be checked by functional test.
No controls shall be in any hazard zone (see Figure 1).
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional test.
Pedals shall have a slip-resistant surface or other means of minimizing the possibility of the operator’s
foot slipping off the pedals.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional test.
Controls where the purpose is not obvious to the user shall have the function, direction and/or method
of operation clearly identified by a durable label or mark except for the steering wheel, manual lift
controls, and snow discharge chute and deflector controls, which are optional.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and labels shall be tested in accordance with
ISO 8437-1:2019, 5.3.
Detailed instructions on the operation of all controls shall be provided in an instruction handbook (see
Annex A).
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
Key
A operator position
B collector hazard zone
C discharge hazard zone
D discharge limit
Figure 1 — Operator position and hazard zones: ride-on snow throwers
4 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
Key
A pressed flat
NOTE 1 All dimensions approximate, without hand in glove.
NOTE 2 Material: buckskin outer shell with knit liner.
Figure 2 — Arctic mitten
4.2.2 Engine stopping and starting
4.2.2.1 Starting device
A switch operated by a removable key, or a similar device, shall be provided to prevent unauthorized
starting of the engine unless a manual starter (such as an integral starter rope) is the only means of
starting the engine. Any engine starting device shall require intentional activation in order to start the
engine. Snow throwers shall not be provided with a starter operated by means of a loose rope.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional test.
4.2.2.2 Stopping device
An engine stopping device shall be provided. The device shall not depend on sustained manual pressure
for its continued operation. An emergency stop device is not required.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional test.
4.2.2.3 Hand-operated
The direction of motion for a handle-mounted engine speed hand-lever control shall be
a) generally forward or upward, or both, to increase speed, and
b) generally rearward or downward, or both, to decrease speed.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional test.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 5
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SIST EN ISO 8437-3:2021
ISO 8437-3:2019(E)
4.2.2.4 Foot-operated
When a foot-operated engine speed control pedal is provided, it shall be operated by the right foot with
the direction of motion generally forward or downward, or both, to increase speed. It shall be located
within the operator control position.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional test.
4.2.2.5 Drive interlock for starting
A means shall be provided to prevent starting of the engine unless
a) the collector and impeller drive are disengaged, and
b) the traction drive is disengaged or in a neutral position.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional test.
4.2.2.6 Engine speed
For regional and national requirements on engine speed, see ISO 8437-4:2019, Clause 6.
4.2.3 Collector and impeller control
4.2.3.1 Operator-presence control
A means shall be provided to automatically stop the impeller and/or collector or kill the engine
when the operator leaves the operator position. The collector and/or impeller may resume operation
upon reactivation of the operator-presence control, provided the collector and impeller did not stop.
Additional requirements are given at 4.2.8.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and functional test.
4.2.3.2 Stopping time
The impeller and/or collector shall stop within 5 s, and comply with 4.2.3.4 when the control is
disengaged.
The engine shall be set at the equipment manufacturer’s maximum specified speed. The control shall be
fixed to maintain the maximum speed.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection, measurement, and test in accordance with 4.2.3.4.
4.2.3
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 8437-3:2016
01-junij-2016
Snežne freze - Varnostne zahteve in preskusni postopki - 3. del: Snežne freze, na
katerih se sedi (ISO/DIS 8437-3:2016)
Snow throwers - Safety requirements and test procedures - Part 3: Ride-on snow
throwers (ISO/DIS 8437-3:2016)
Schneefräsen - Sicherheitsanforderungen und Prüfverfahren - Teil 3: Schneefräsen mit
Fahrersitz (ISO/DIS 8437-3:2016)
Chasse-neige - Exigences de sécurité et essais - Partie 3: Chasse-neige à conducteur
porté (ISO/DIS 8437-3:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 8437-3
ICS:
43.160 Vozila za posebne namene Special purpose vehicles
oSIST prEN ISO 8437-3:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 8437-3:2016
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 8437-3:2016
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 8437-3
ISO/TC 23/SC 13 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2016-04-07 2016-07-06
Snow throwers — Safety requirements and test
procedures —
Part 3:
Ride-on snow throwers
Chasse-neige — Exigences de sécurité et essais —
Partie 3: Chasse-neige à conducteur assis
ICS: 43.160
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
committee secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
composition will be undertaken at publication stage.
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 8437-3:2016(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2016
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 8437-3:2016
ISO/DIS 8437-3:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 8437-3:2016
ISO/DIS 8437-3:2016(E)
Contents
Foreword. 3
Introduction . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references. 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Snow thrower safety requirements and test procedures . 6
Annex A (normative) .22
A.1 Instruction Handbook .22
A.2 Markings.23
A.3 Warnings .24
A.4 Label durability requirements.24
Bibliography .24
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 8437-3:2016
ISO/DIS 8437-3:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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ISO 8437 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and Machinery for Agriculture and
Forestry, Subcommittee SC 13, Lawn and Garden Equipment.
ISO 8437 consists of the following parts under the general title Snow thrower – Safety requirements
and test procedures:
Part 1: Terminology and common tests
Part 2: Pedestrian controlled snow throwers
Part 3: Ride-on snow throwers
Part 4: National and regional provisions
Introduction
The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows:
a) Type-A standards (basic standards) give basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects
that can be applied to machinery;
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b) Type-B standards (generic safety standards) deal with one or more safety aspects or safeguards that
can be used across a wide range of machinery:
type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise);
type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-handed controls, interlocking devices, pressure sensitive
devices, guards);
c) Type-C standards (machinery safety standards) deal with detailed safety requirements for a
particular machine or group of machines.
This international standard is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
When provisions of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the provisions of this type-C standard shall take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type-C
standard.
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Snow throwers – Safety requirements and test procedures – Part
3: Ride-on snow throwers
1 Scope
This part of ISO 8437 defines terms and definitions and common test methods applicable to combustion
engine powered ride-on snow throwers.
This standard deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to snow
throwers used as intended and under the conditions reasonably foreseen by the manufacturer.
This international standard does not apply to:
electrically powered and battery powered snow throwers
hand-held snow throwers
airport or highway snow removal machines and equipment
machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
This international standard does not deal with hazards related to:
battery circuits exceeding 42 V;
mains connected starting motor
magneto grounding circuits;
working environment;
electromagnetic compatibility
This international standard is not applicable to machines which are manufactured before the date of its
publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3767 – 1 1998 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and
garden equipment -- Symbols for operator controls and other displays --
Part 1: Common symbols
ISO 3864-1 2011 Graphical symbols -- Safety colours and safety signs -- Part 1: Design
principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas
ISO 5673 - 1 2005 Agricultural tractors and machinery -- Power take-off drive shafts and
power-input connection -- Part 1: General manufacturing and safety
requirements
ISO 8437 - 1 201x Snow throwers – Safety requirements and test procedures - Part 1:
Terminology and common tests
ISO 8437 - 2 201x Snow throwers – Safety requirements and test procedures – Part 2:
Pedestrian controlled snow throwers
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ISO 8437 - 4 201x Snow throwers – Safety requirements and test procedures - Part 4:
Information on national and regional provisions
ISO 12100 2010 Safety of machinery – General principles of design – risk assessment and
risk reduction
ISO 13857 2008 Safety of machinery -- Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being
reached by upper and lower limbs
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in ISO 12100 and ISO 8437-1 apply.
4 Snow thrower safety requirements and test procedures
4.1 General
The machines shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In
addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of ISO 12100 for hazards relevant
but not significant, which are not dealt with by this document (e.g. sharp edges on the outside of the
machine).
Snow throwers shall also be marked according to A.2 and carry warnings according to A.3.
The instruction handbook to be provided with the snow thrower shall comply with A.1.
4.2 Controls
4.2.1 General
Except as indicated in the following list operator controls shall be located within, and have a range of
movement which remains within, the operator control position given in Figure 2:
engine controls
snow discharge chute and deflector control(s)
manual lift.
The controls shall be designed such thatthey can be operated by an operator with and without artic
mittens see Figure 1.
No controls shall be in any hazard zone (see Figure 2).
Pedals shall have a slip-resistant surface or other means of minimizing the possibility of the operator’s
foot slipping off the pedals and be easy to clean.
Controls, whose purpose is not obvious to the user, shall have the function, direction and/or method of
operation clearly identified by a durable label or mark.
Detailed instructions on the operation of all controls shall be provided in an instruction handbook.
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Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
Key
A Pressed Flat
Notes
1 All dimensions approximate, without hand in glove
2 Material – Buckskin outer shell with knit liner
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Figure 1 – Arctic mitten
Key
A Operator position
B Collector hazard zone
C Discharge hazard zone
D Discharge limit
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Figure 2 – Operator position and hazard zones – Ride-on snow throwers
4.2.2 Engine stopping and starting
4.2.2.1 Starting device
A switch operated by a removable key, or a similar device, shall be provided to prevent unauthorized
starting of the engine unless a manual starter (such as an integral starter rope) is the only means of
engine starting. Any engine starting device shall require intentional activation in order to start the
engine. Snow throwers shall not be provided with a starter operated by means of a loose rope.
Compliance to be checked by inspection.
4.2.2.2 Stopping device
An engine stopping device shall be provided. The device shall not depend on sustained manual pressure
for its continued operation.
NOTE An emergency stop device is not required.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.2.3 Hand operated
The direction of motion for an engine speed hand-lever control shall be generally forward or upward, or
both, to increase speed, and generally rearward or downward, or both, to decrease speed.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.2.4 Foot operated
When a foot-operated engine speed control pedal is provided, it shall be operated by the right foot with
the direction of motion generally forward or downward, or both, to increase speed. It shall be located
within the operator control position.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.2.5 Drive interlock
A means shall be provided to prevent starting of the engine unless: (a) the impeller and collector drive
are disengaged and (b) the traction drive is disengaged or in neutral.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection
4.2.3 Impeller and collector control
4.2.3.1 Automatic stop
A means shall be provided that will automatically stop the impeller and collector or kill the engine when
the operator leaves the operator position. The impeller may resume operation upon reactivation of the
operator-presence control, provided the impeller and collector did not stop. It shall require reactivation
after stopping and shall comply with the requirement of 4.2.3.2.
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Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.3.2 Stopping time
The impeller and collector shall stop within 5 seconds, and comply with 4.2.3.5, when the control is
disengaged.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.3.3 Impeller or traction engagement control
A means shall be provided to permit the machine to be transported under its own power without the
impeller engaged. A means shall also be provided to permit engagement of the impeller without
engagement of traction drive.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.3.4 Impeller controls test
4.2.3.4.1 Test acceptance
The criteria for failure shall be the same as in 4.2.3.2. In addition, the machine shall have failed this test
if the impeller rotates more than three (3) revolutions in the 15-minute test period.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.4 Directional control
Except for lever steer snow throwers, forward/reverse directional controls shall require at least one of
the following:
a distinct change in direction of the control actuation (for example, right angle to general path of
control motion) at a point before a change in direction occurs; or
a distinct change in force level at the point of entry into the selected direction; or
a positive means of retarding machine acceleration, for example hydrostatic control with valves
operated by rigid linkages.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.5 Clutch control requirements for traction clutch, neutral or both
4.2.5.1 General
A ride-on lawnmower equipped with a clutch control system meeting the requirements of ISO 5395-3
for the clutch control shall be considered compliant to this section when using the same traction control
system with a snow thrower attachment.
Subsections 4.2.5.2, 4.2.5.3, 4.2.5.4, 4.2.5.5, and 4.2.5.6 shall apply to machines with a clutch control
system that are not compliant to ISO 5395-3.
4.2.5.2 Foot pedal control
When provided, a foot pedal control shall be actuated by the operator’s left foot, with the direction of
motion generally forward or downward, or both, for disengagement. Operator presence controls shall
not be included in this requirement.
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Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.5.3 Hand-operated control
When provided, a hand-operated control shall be moved generally rearward or toward the operator for
disengagement. Operator-presence controls shall not be included in this requirement.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.5.4 Operator presence control (OPC)
A generally forward or downward motion on a foot-actuated operator presence control, when provided,
shall produce clutch engagement. A right-foot operator-presence control shall be outboard of the
service brake pedal.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.5.5 Traction clutch
When a foot-operated (either foot) combination machine clutch or neutral return, or both, and a brake
control is used, the direction of actuation shall be generally forward or downward, or both, to cause
traction disengagement. Provision shall be made to retain control of the machine during the transition
zone of brake disengagement to traction engagement.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.5.6 Lever steer
On lever-steer machines, the engagement or disengagement of the clutch is accomplished by
displacement of the lever(s). Movement of the lever(s) generally forward shall result in forward motion.
Movement of the lever(s) generally rearward shall result in rearward motion.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.6 Traction speed control
A ride-on lawnmower equipped with a traction control system meeting the requirements of ISO 5395-3
for the speed control shall be considered compliant to this section when using the same traction control
system with a snow thrower attachment.
Fixed-ratio transmission speed selector controls, when provided, shall be located within the operator
control position and the shifting patterns shall be clearly identified with a durable label.
A hand-operated direction control for engine drive machines (non-variable speed), when provided,
shall be moved generally forward for forward machine motion, and generally rearward for rearward
machine motion. A neutral position shall be provided and provisions shall be made to retard movement
of the control into the forward or rearward directions. A hand-operated direction control for electric
drive machines (non-variable speed), when provided, shall be moved generally forward for forward
machine motion, and generally rearward for rearward machine motion. Provisions shall be made to
retard movement of the control or its effect when moving into the forward or rearward directions.
A hand-operated variable speed traction control, when provided, shall be moved generally forward or
upward, or both, to increase speed.
A single-lever hand-operated combination directional and variable speed control, when provided, shall
have a definite neutral zone with some means of retarding the control or its effect when moving into the
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forward or rearward direction. The control shall be moved generally forward for forward travel and
increasing forward speed and shall be moved generally rearward for rearward travel and increasing
rearward speed. The control shall remain in the selected position or move to a slower speed position
unless repositioned by operator action.
The foot-actuated combination directional and variable speed control shall be operated as follows:
a) If a single pedal is used for the combination directional and variable speed control, it shall be
operated by the right foot. It shall produce forward motion with a generally forward or downward toe
motion on the pedal and rearward motion with a generally rearward or downward heel motion.
Increased displacement of the pedal shall produce increased speed in either direction. Provisions shall
be made for a definite neutral zone with some means of retarding the control or its effect when moving
into the generally forward or rearward directions;
b) If two pedals are used for the combination directional and variable speed control, they shall
both be operated by the right foot. Generally forward or downward motion on the outer pedal shall
produce reverse motion and increase rearward speed of the machine. Generally forward or downward
motion on the inner pedal shall produce forward motion and increase forward speed of the machine.
For lever-steer machines, movement of the lever(s) shall be generally forward for forward motion, and
generally rearward for rearward motion. Increased displacement of the lever(s) shall produce
increased traction speed. A neutral zone or position shall be provided.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.7 Steering control
4.2.7.1 General
The steering mechanism shall not lock in any position.
Tiller bar steering shall not be permitted.
The machine shall turn right when the steering controls are turned in a clockwise motion. The machine
shall turn left when the steering controls are turned in a counter clockwise motion (except for lever
steering systems).
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.7.2 Steering lever (s) on lever steer machines
Steering control(s) motion shall not be hindered.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.7.3 Lever-steer machines with two control levers
The machine shall turn right when the left lever is displaced further in the direction of machine travel
than the right lever. The machine shall turn left when the right lever is displaced further in the direction
of machine travel than the left lever.
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Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.7.4 Lever steer with a single control lever with lateral displacement for steering control
The machine shall turn right when the lever is moved generally to the right. The machine shall turn left
when the lever is moved generally to the left.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.2.7.5 Lever-steer machines with a single control lever with rotational displacement for
steering control
The machine shall turn right when the left extremity of the control is rotated in the direction of
intended machine travel. The machine shall turn left when the right extremity of the control is rotated
in the direction of intended machine travel.
Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.3 Operator presence control (OPC)
4.3.1 General
The snow thrower shall be fitted with an operator presence control device which:
requires activation by the operator before the snow thrower’s traction, impeller and collector
can be started;
and requires continuous activation by the operator to allow rotation of the impeller and
collector and the activation of the traction drive;
and automatically activates the stopping of the impeller and collector rotation and traction drive
when the operator leaves the operating position used when clearing snow.
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A ride-on lawnmower equipped with an operator presence control system meeting the OPC
requirements of ISO 5395-3 for the cutting means shall be considered compliant when using the same
OPC system with a snow thrower attachment.
4.3.2 Restart of the impeller and collector
From a complete stop position, restart of the impeller and collector shall require two separate and
distinct actions including as one of the actions, the activation of the OPC. If these actions are carried out
using the same hand, the actions shall be separate and dissimilar to prevent accidental restarting of the
impeller and collector.
4.3.3 Restart of the impeller and collector before complete stop
If the OPC is reactivated without the operator leaving the operator’s position and before the impeller
and collector and/or traction drive have stopped, the impeller and collector and/or traction drive can
resume operation if there is sufficient kinetic energy to restart the engine.
4.3.4 Automatic or single action stopping and starting of the impeller and collector
Automatic or single action stopping and starting of the impeller and collector shall be allowed during
continuous operation of the OPC.
4.4 Guards, shields, chutes, deflectors, and housings
4.4.1 General
All guards, shields, chutes, and deflectors shall be designed to prevent removal from the machine
without tools.
Snow discharge chute shall be provided to control the direction of discharge.
Snow discharge deflectors shall be provided to direct the flow of snow discharge leaving the discharge
guides. The deflector may be part of the discharge guide.
The discharge limit shall not intersect the operator control position, as illustrated in figure 2.
The collector/impeller housing sides shall cover the diametrical extremities of the collector/impeller
except as shown in Figure 3A. The housing opening limits shall not intersect the operator control
position (see figures 2).
Both ends of collector/impeller shall be safeguarded by a solid-walled enclosure. In the edge zone of the
ends the solid-wall enclosure may be replaced by a maximum of two reject rings as shown in Figure 3B.
These solid walls shall have a smooth, uninterrupted surface. The cavity between the solid wall
enclosures and the reject ring or between each reject ring shall not exceed 50mm. No part of the
collector/impeller shall protrude radially past the solid-wall enclosure by more than 25.4mm and
axially by more than 10mm.
Ancillary openings, such as those required to facilitate manufacture or mount accessories, shall
not intersect the operator control position. Intersection, as applied here, is defined as allowing
line-of-sight between the collector and/or impeller, and the operator control position.
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Compliance shall be checked by inspection and test in accordance with ISO 8437-1.
Key
A Opening limits
B Minimum side of collector housing
C Maximum diametral extremity of collector/impeller
Figure 3A – Snow thrower housing
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Key
A Opening limits
B Maximum diametral extremity of collector/impeller
C Reject Ring
Figure 3B – Snow thrower housing
4.4.2 Power drive
Nip and pinch points (related to exposed gears, friction drive components, belts, chains, and idlers) and
outside faces of pulleys, sheaves, sprockets, and gears shall be guarded by location or otherwise
guarded to prevent inadvertent contact by the operator during normal starting, mounting, and
operation of the machine.
These guarding requirements shall not apply during maintenance activities and to rotating shaft s
protruding less than half of the outside diameter.
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Compliance shall be checked by inspection.
4.4.3 Hot surfaces
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and test in acc
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