oSIST prEN 845-2:2010
(Main)Specification for ancillary components for masonry - Part 2: Lintels
Specification for ancillary components for masonry - Part 2: Lintels
This European Standard specifies requirements for prefabricated lintels for spans over clear openings in a masonry wall up to a maximum of 4,5 m and made from steel, autoclaved aerated concrete, manufactured stone, concrete, fired clay units, calcium silicate units, natural stone units or using a combination of these materials.
Festlegungen für Ergänzungsbauteile für Mauerwerk - Teil 2: Stürze
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an vorgefertigte Stürze, die aus Stahl, Porenbeton, Betonwerksteinen, Beton, Mauerziegeln, Kalksandsteinen, Natursteinen oder aus einer Kombination dieser Baustoffe bestehen, für Stützweiten mit einer lichten Weite bis zu maximal 4,5 m fest.
Vorgefertigte Stürze können entweder vollständige Stürze oder der vorgefertigte Teil eines bauseits zu ergänzenden Sturzes sein.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für:
a) vollständig auf der Baustelle hergestellte Stürze;
b) Stürze, deren Zugzonen auf der Baustelle hergestellt werden;
c) Holzstürze;
d) unbewehrte Stürze aus Naturstein.
Lineare Bauteile für Stützweiten über 4,5 m in Mauerwerkswänden und lineare Bauteile, die unabhängig eine tragende Funktion erfüllen (z.B. Balken), sind nicht Gegenstand dieser Norm.
Spécifications pour composants accessoires de maçonnerie - Partie 2: Linteaux
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions concernant les linteaux préfabriqués d’une portée maximale de 4,5 m au-dessus de l’ouverture libre, et réalisés en acier, béton cellulaire autoclavé, pierre artificielle, béton, éléments en terre cuite, éléments en silicate de calcium, éléments en pierre naturelle, ou en combinant ces matériaux. Les poutres en béton et en acier selon l'EN 1090-1, l'EN 12602 et l'EN 13225, selon le cas, ne sont pas couvertes par la présente norme.
Les linteaux préfabriqués peuvent être des linteaux complets ou constituer la partie préfabriquée d’un linteau composite.
Les types de linteau suivants ne sont pas couverts par la présente Norme européenne :
a) linteaux entièrement réalisés sur le chantier ;
b) linteaux dont les parties tendues sont réalisées sur le chantier ;
c) linteaux en bois ;
d) linteaux en pierre naturelle, sans armature.
La présente norme ne traite pas des composants linéaires posés au-dessus d’ouvertures supérieures à 4,5 m dans des murs en maçonnerie et des composants linéaires destinés à être utilisés indépendamment, dans des rôles structurels (par exemple, les poutres).
Specifikacija za dodatne komponente zidovja - 2. del: Preklade
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 845-2:2010
01-marec-2010
Specifikacija za dodatne komponente zidovja - 2. del: Preklade
Specification for ancillary components for masonry - Part 2: Lintels
Festlegungen für Ergänzungsbauteile für Mauerwerk - Teil 2: Stürze
Spécifications pour composants accessoires de maçonnerie - Partie 2: Linteaux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 845-2
ICS:
91.060.10 Stene. Predelne stene. Walls. Partitions. Facades
Fasade
91.080.30 Zidane konstrukcije Masonry
oSIST prEN 845-2:2010 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 845-2:2010
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oSIST prEN 845-2:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 845-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2010
ICS 91.080.30 Will supersede EN 845-2:2003
English Version
Specification for ancillary components for masonry - Part 2:
Lintels
Spécifications pour composants accessoires de Festlegungen für Ergänzungsbauteile für Mauerwerk - Teil
maçonnerie - Partie 2: Linteaux 2: Stürze
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 125.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 845-2:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 845-2:2010 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 3
1 Scope. 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 6
3.1 Terms and definitions . 6
3.2 Symbols . 8
4 Materials . 12
4.1 Steel lintels . 12
4.2 Concrete lintels . 12
4.3 Masonry lintels . 12
4.4 Combined and composite lintels . 13
5 Requirements . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Dimensions, mass and limit deviations . 14
5.3 Mechanical performance and information to obtain the mechanical performance . 14
5.4 Durability . 16
5.5 Water penetration and installation . 16
5.6 Thermal properties . 16
5.7 Freeze/thaw resistance . 17
5.8 Resistance to fire . 17
5.9 Water absorption . 17
5.10 Water vapour permeability . 18
6 Description and designation . 18
7 Marking . 21
8 Evaluation of conformity . 21
8.1 General . 21
8.2 Initial type tests . 21
8.3 Factory production control . 23
8.4 Sampling for initial type testing and independent testing of consignments . 23
Annex A (informative) Method for assessment of loads on lintels . 25
Annex B (informative) Recommendations for installation of lintels . 26
Annex C (normative) Corrosion protection systems . 28
Annex D (normative) Scheme of factory production control . 32
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the
EU Construction Products Directive . 34
Bibliography . 39
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Foreword
This document (prEN 845-2:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 125
“Masonry”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 845-2:2003.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports the essential requirements of the
EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC).
For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA which is an integral part of this standard.
In this European Standard the Annexes A and B are informative and the Annexes C and D are normative.
This Part has been modified, including the introduction of additional requirements, taking into account
the detailed answer by CEN/TC 125 to EC mandate M116 for masonry as well as details of the
relationship of this new harmonized European Standard with the EU Directives.
EN 845 “Specification for ancillary components for masonry” consists of the following Parts:
— Part 1: Wall ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets.
— Part 2: Lintels.
— Part 3: Bed joint reinforcement of steel meshwork.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements for prefabricated lintels for spans over clear openings
in a masonry wall up to a maximum of 4,5 m and made from steel, autoclaved aerated concrete,
manufactured stone, concrete, fired clay units, calcium silicate units, natural stone units, or using a
combination of these materials. Concrete and steel beams conforming to EN 1090-1, EN 12602 and
EN 13225, as appropriate, are not covered by this Standard.
Prefabricated lintels can be either complete lintels or the prefabricated part of a composite lintel.
This European Standard is not applicable to:
a) Lintels completely made on site;
b) Lintels of which, the tensile parts are made on site;
c) Timber lintels;
d) Natural stone lintels, not reinforced.
Linear components spanning clear openings greater than 4,5 m in masonry walls and linear
components intended for use independently in a structural role (e.g. beams) are not covered by this
standard.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any
of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or
revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including
amendments).
EN 206-1, Concrete — Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity.
EN 771-1, Specification for masonry units — Part 1: Clay masonry units.
EN 771-2, Specification for masonry units — Part 2: Calcium silicate masonry units.
EN 771-3, Specification for masonry units — Part 3: Aggregate concrete masonry units. (Dense and
light-weight aggregates)
EN 771-4, Specification for masonry units — Part 4: Autoclaved aerated concrete masonry units.
EN 771-5, Specification for masonry units — Part 5: Manufactured stone masonry units.
EN 771-6, Specification for masonry units — Part 6: Natural stone masonry units.
EN 772-1, Methods of test for masonry units — Part 1: Determination of compressive strength.
EN 772-11, Methods of test for masonry units — Part 11: Determination of water absorption of
aggregate concrete, manufactured stone and natural stone masonry units due to capillary action and
the initial rate of water absorption of clay masonry units.
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EN 772-22, Methods of test for masonry units — Part 22: Determination of freeze/thaw resistance of
clay masonry units.
EN 846-9, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 9: Determination of flexural
resistance, and shear resistance of lintels.
EN 846-11, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 11: Determination of
dimensions and bow of lintels.
EN 846-13, Methods of test for ancillary components for masonry — Part 13: Determination of
resistance to impact, abrasion and corrosion of organic coatings.
EN 990, Test methods for verification of corrosion protection of reinforcement in autoclaved aerated
concrete and lightweight aggregate concrete with open structure.
EN 998-2, Specification for mortar for masonry — Part 2: Masonry mortar.
EN 1090-1, Steel and aluminium structural components — General delivery conditions.
EN 1745, Masonry and masonry products — Methods for determining design thermal values.
EN 10025-1, + new titles to add.
EN 10025-2, + new titles to add.
EN 10080, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Weldable reinforcing steel — General.
EN 10088-1, Stainless steels — Part 1: List of stainless steels.
EN 10088-2, Stainless steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of
corrosion resisting steels for general purposes.
EN 10088-3, Stainless steels — Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars,
rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes.
EN 10111, Continuously hot rolled low carbon steel sheet and strip for cold forming — Technical
delivery conditions.
EN 10130, Cold rolled low carbon steel flat products for cold forming — Technical delivery conditions.
prEN 10138 Parts 1, 2 and 3, Prestressing steels + titles to add.
EN 10143, Continuously hot-dip coated steel sheet and strip — Tolerances on dimensions and shape.
EN 10326, Continuously hot dip coated strip and sheet of structural steels — Technical delivery
conditions.
EN 10327, Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of low carbon steelfor cold forming —
Technical delivery conditions.
EN 12602, Prefabricated reinforced components of autoclaved aerated concrete.
EN 12620, Aggregates for concrete.
EN 13225, Precast concrete products — Linear structural elements.
EN 13501-2, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 2: Classification
using data from fire resistance tests excluding ventilation services.
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EN ISO 1461, Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles — Specifications and
test methods (ISO 1461:1999).
EN ISO 1463, Metallic and oxide coatings. Measurement of coating thickness — Microscopical
method (ISO 1463:2003).
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE 1 Examples of lintel types are shown in Figures 1 to 3. The figures are only for illustration of lintel types.
Other details such as bearings, thermal insulation systems and damp proof courses are not shown.
NOTE 2 General dimensions defined in clause 3 are illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.
3.1.1
autoclaved aerated concrete lintel
lintel manufactured using reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete
3.1.2
bearing length
length of the end of a lintel which bears on its support
3.1.3
built-in length
minimum length needed to anchor the reinforcing bars
3.1.4
clear opening
clear distance between lintel supports
3.1.5
combined lintel
lintel consisting of two or more structural elements each one acting with compression and tension
zones
3.1.6
composite lintel
lintel comprising a prefabricated part and a complementary element of in-situ masonry or concrete
above, acting together
3.1.7
composite lintel height
overall height of the tension and compression zones of a composite lintel
3.1.8
concrete lintel
3.1.9
lintel manufactured using reinforced or prestressed concrete
declared value
value for a product property, determined in accordance with this standard, that a manufacturer is
confident of achieving bearing, in mind the variability of the manufacturing process
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3.1.10
effective span
distance between the centres of the bearing of a lintel, or the clear opening spanned by the lintel plus
the overall height of the lintel including any complementary element, whichever is the lesser
3.1.11
flexural resistance
mean uniformly distributed load at which failure of a sample of lintel specimens occurs (or a lower
load at which tests are stopped in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the
lintel)
3.1.12
lintel
lineal element supporting load over an opening in a masonry wall
3.1.13
lintel height
overall height of the prefabricated part of a lintel
3.1.14
lintel length
overall length of the prefabricated lintel
3.1.15
load bearing capacity
mean value for a sample of lintels of the total of the uniformly distributed load at failure or at an
extreme deflection, whichever is the lesser
3.1.16
load ratio
the ratio of inner leaf load to outer leaf load on a lintel supporting a double-leaf or cavity wall
3.1.17
masonry lintel
lintel comprising one or more shell casing units completed by the incorporation within the shell casing
of reinforced or prestressed concrete
3.1.18
shear resistance
mean shear load at which failure of a sample of lintel specimens occurs (or a lower load at which tests
are stopped in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the lintel)
3.1.19
shell casing unit
preformed component with one or more channels into which is incorporated either reinforced or
prestressed concrete
3.1.20
single lintel
prefabricated lintel acting alone
3.1.21
declared deflection
the deflection at one third of the declared load capacity of the lintel
3.1.22
steel lintel
lintel manufactured from steel
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3.1.23
structural shell casing unit
shell casing unit which is made of a material with a compressive strength not less than that of the infill
concrete
3.2 Symbols
NOTE General dimensions are illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.
b is the smallest width of a structural shell casing unit specimen, in mm, (see Figure 5);
s
b is the bearing length, in mm;
d is the height of the prefabricated part of the composite lintel;
ppcl
d is the composite lintel height, in mm;
c
d is the lintel height, in mm;
l
δ is the declared deflection in a vertical direction, in mm;
dv
δ is the declared deflection in a horizontal direction, in mm;
dh
h is the height of the masonry unit;
u
t is the thickness of the bedjoint;
bj
h is the cut length of a structural shell casing unit specimen, in mm, (see Figure 5);
s
l is the lintel length, in mm;
l is the clear opening, in mm;
o
l is the effective length, in mm;
e
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1
2
Key
1 Supported masonry
2 Single lintel
Figure 1 — Example of a single lintel (see 3.1.19)
1
2
3
Key
1 Supported masonry
2 Complementary element (masonry or concrete)
3 Prefabricated part
Figure 2 — Example of a composite lintel (see 3.1.4)
9
d
l
d
c
d
l
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1
3
2
Key
1 supported masonry - outer leaf 3 Inner leaf lintel
2 Outer leaf lintel 4 Supported masonry – inner leaf
Figure 3 — Example of a combined lintel (see 3.1.3)
10
d
l
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l
b
l
0
l
E
Key
1 Lintels other than composite lintels
2 Composite lintel
Figure 4 — General dimensions
11
d
l
d
l
d
c
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4 Materials
4.1 Steel lintels
Steel lintels shall be fabricated from carbon steel conforming to EN 10025, EN 10136, EN 10137,
EN 10130, EN 10111, or from stainless steels conforming to EN 10088.
4.2 Concrete lintels
Concrete lintels shall be fabricated from reinforced or prestressed concrete with or without non
structural shell casing units.
Steel for the reinforcement of concrete shall conform to EN 10080.
Stainless steel reinforcement shall conform to EN 10088.
Prestressing steels shall conform to EN 10138.
For lintels covered by this standard, wire diameters shall be 2,5 mm or greater.
The concrete shall conform to EN 206-1 (material requirement clauses only).
Autoclaved aerated concrete shall conform to EN 12602 (definition and material requirement clauses
only).
4.3 Masonry lintels
Masonry lintels shall be fabricated using reinforced or prestressed concrete, masonry mortar, and
structural or non-structural shell casing masonry units in accordance with the following standards:
a) concrete and steel (see 4.2);
b) masonry mortar (see EN 998-2);
c) shell casing units shall be made from:
1) clay (see EN 771-1, materials clauses only);
2) calcium silicate (see EN 771-2, materials clauses only);
3) aggregate concrete (see EN 771-3, materials clauses only);
4) autoclaved aerated concrete (see EN 771-4, materials clauses only);
5) manufactured stone (see EN 771-5, materials clauses only);
6) natural stone (see EN 771-6, materials clauses only).
NOTE All shell casing units may contribute to the mechanical performance of the lintel. However, where
their contribution is verified by calculation methods or the shell casing units are taken into account in
providing cover to the reinforcement, they are deemed to be structural shell casing units.
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The compressive strength of structural shell casing units shall be determined in accordance with the
principles of EN 772-1 using a cut specimen. Specimen set up and dimensional relationships are
given in Figure 5.
The compressive strength may also be determined on the basis of a single test specimen tested in
accordance with EN 846-9.
1
2
Key
1 Two specimens tested together to achieve symmetrical loading
2 Cut length h equals smallest width b
s s
Figure 5 — Specimens for compressive strength test on structural shell casing units
Corresponding mortar joints shall be selected to meet the design performance requirements of the
e
lintel, see footnote to Table C.3.
4.4 Combined and composite lintels
If the declaration or additional information for composite lintels includes an assumption about
materials or components needed, but not supplied by the lintel manufacturer, to complete the lintel,
then the required properties shall be specified in accordance with this or other relevant European
Standards or European Technical Approvals.
5 Requirements
5.1 General
The requirements and properties specified in this standard shall be defined in terms of the test
methods and procedures referred to in this European Standard.
NOTE 1 Guidance on the use and installation of lintels is given in Annexes A and B.
NOTE 2 The conformity criteria given in 5.2 to 5.10 inclusive relate to initial type tests (see 8.2) and, where
relevant, consignment testing (see 8.4).
For production evaluation, conformity criteria in the factory production control documentation shall be
defined.
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B
H
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5.2 Dimensions, mass and limit deviations
5.2.1 Dimensions
The length, width and height of the lintel shall be declared and, in the case of non rectangular shapes
or cross sections, a drawing of the configuration with dimensions shall be given.
5.2.2 Mass per unit area
The mass and the mass per unit area on elevation of the lintel shall be declared. The mass shall be
determined from specimens sampled in accordance with clause 8 using instruments capable of
measuring and weighing the specimen to an error limit of 0,1 % of each reading. The mean mass of
the specimens shall be divided by the product of the mean overall length and the mean overall height
to give the mass per unit area on elevation. The deviation from the declared value of mass shall not
exceed 5 %.
5.2.3 Built-in length
The required minimum built-in length needed to anchor the reinforcing bars, which shall be not less
than 100 mm, shall be declared.
5.2.4 Deviation from declared values
When sampled in accordance with clause 8 and measured by the method of EN 846-11, the
deviations from the declared values for dimensions and intended shapes or cross-sections shall not
exceed those given in Table 1.
Table 1 — Dimensional deviations
Dimension Limit deviation
Length ± 15 mm
Width and height ± 5 mm
Straightness or bow (horizontal and 0,5 % of the length, subject to a maximum value of
vertical curvature) 10 mm from the intended profile
Camber of prefabricated part of the 0,7 % of the length from the intended profile
composite lintel
5.3 Mechanical performance and information to obtain the mechanical performance
5.3.1 Single lintels, combined lintels and composite lintels as defined in 3.1
5.3.1.1 General
The load bearing capacity shall be declared from the results of tests, using test methods specified in
this standard, or from their interpretation.
Calculation models may be used to interpret and extend the results obtained from testing. The
calculation models should be based on a mechanical approach and appropriate material properties.
Historic test data may be used to demonstrate the validity of the calculation model.
The manufacturer may also declare the failure mode appropriate to the declared value (shear,
anchorage, compression or tension).
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The ultimate demonstration of compliance with this standard shall be by testing in accordance with the
methods in EN 846-9, samples selected in accordance with Clause 8; the load bearing capacity
obtained from tests shall be greater than the declared value.
NOTE See 3.1.9 for definition of the term ‘declared value’.
5.3.1.2 Load bearing capacity and load ratio
The requirements for flexural resistance in accordance with 5.3.1.3 and shear load resistance in
accordance with 5.3.1.5 shall be met in all cases.
NOTE The declared value of load bearing capacity is based on the lesser of the flexural resistance
(see 5.3.1.3) and twice the shear load resistance (see 5.3.1.5).
The load bearing capacity in kN/m of the lintel shall be declared. Unless otherwise stated, this shall be
the value corresponding to the applicable maximum clear opening taking into account the declared
values of the required minimum bearing length and the length of the lintel.
Where lintels are intended to support two or more leaves of masonry, any restrictions on the
distribution of load across the width of the lintel in terms of the range of load ratios that can be used
shall be declared.
5.3.1.3 Flexural resistance
When sampled in accordance with clause 8 and tested by the method of EN 846-9, the flexural
resistance shall be greater than or equal to the declared value of load bearing capacity in accordance
with 5.3.1.2 and no individual value of flexural failure load shall be less than 90 % of the declared
value of load bearing capacity.
5.3.1.4 Deflection
The vertical deflection, δ and also the horizontal deflectionδ when relevant, at one third of the
dv, dh
declared load bearing capacity shall be declared. When sampled in accordance with clause 8 and
tested in accordance with EN 846-9, for flexural resistance, the appropriate mean deflections of the
sample, as relevant, measured at one third of the declared load bearing capacity shall be less than or
equal to the declared deflections δ andδ .
dv dh
NOTE It is only necessary to declare the horizontal deflection δ if it is relevant.
dh
5.3.1.5 Shear resistance
When sampled in accordance with clause 8 and tested by the method of EN 846-9, the shear
resistance shall be greater than or equal to 50 % of the declared value of load bearing capacity in
accordance with 5.3.1.2 and the shear failure load of any individual specimen shall be not less than
45 % of the declared value of load bearing capacity.
5.3.2 Prefabricated part of composite lintels
If the load bearing capacity of a composite lintel is not declared by the manufacturer, the following
parameters shall be declared for the prefabricated part:
Geometry and configuration of the prefabricated part of the lintel including the position, diameter
and yield strength of the reinforcement.
Tensile strength capacity of the prefabricated part of the lintel in the ultimate limit state. If relevant
for durability, the tensile strength shall also be given in the serviceability limit state.
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Initial shear strength between the prefabricated part of the lintel and the mortar in the bed joint
above. The declaration may either be made on the basis of fixed values or tests. The
manufacturer shall declare whether the value of bond strength has been obtained from fixed
values or from test. When the declaration is based on fixed values the characteristic initial shear
strength may be declared by reference to EN 998-2, annex C. When the declared value is based
on test then the test shall follow the procedure given in EN xxx-xx.
NOTE When the initial shear strength between the prefabricated part of the lintel and the mortar in the
bed joint above is declared the shear resistance of specimens when sampled in accordance with clause 8
and tested by the method given in EN xxx-xx shall be greater than or equal to the declared value.
5
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