SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
(Main)Acoustics - Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements - Part 3: Façade sound insulation (ISO 16283-3:2016)
Acoustics - Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements - Part 3: Façade sound insulation (ISO 16283-3:2016)
This part of ISO 16283 specifies procedures to determine the airborne sound insulation of façade
elements (element methods) and whole façades (global methods) using sound pressure measurements.
These procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m3 to 250 m3 in the frequency
range from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz.
The test results can be used to quantify, assess, and compare the airborne sound insulation in
unfurnished or furnished rooms where the sound field can or cannot approximate to a diffuse field. The
measured airborne sound insulation is frequency-dependent and can be converted into a single number
quantity to characterize the acoustic performance using the rating procedures in ISO 717-1.
The element methods aim to estimate the sound reduction index of a façade element, for example, a
window. The most accurate element method uses a loudspeaker as an artificial sound source. Other
less accurate element methods use available traffic noise. The global methods, on the other hand, aim to
estimate the outdoor/indoor sound level difference under actual traffic conditions. The most accurate
global methods use the actual traffic as sound source. A loudspeaker can be used as an artificial sound
source when there is insufficient level from traffic noise inside the room. An overview of the methods is
given in Table 1.
The element loudspeaker method yields an apparent sound reduction index which, under certain
circumstances, can be compared with the sound reduction index measured in laboratories in accordance
with ISO 10140. This method is the preferred method when the aim of the measurement is to evaluate
the performance of a specified façade element in relation to its performance in the laboratory.
The element road traffic method will serve the same purposes as the element loudspeaker method. It
is particularly useful when, for different practical reasons, the element loudspeaker method cannot be
used. These two methods will often yield slightly different results. The road traffic method tends to
result in lower values of the sound reduction index than the loudspeaker method. In Annex D, this road
traffic method is supplemented by the corresponding aircraft and railway traffic methods.
The global road traffic method yields the real reduction of a façade in a given place relative to a position
2 m in front of the façade. This method is the preferred method when the aim of the measurement is to
evaluate the performance of a whole façade, including all flanking paths, in a specified position relative
to nearby roads. The result cannot be compared with that of laboratory measurements.
The global loudspeaker method yields the sound reduction of a façade relative to a position that is 2 m
in front of the façade. This method is particularly useful when, for practical reasons, the real source
cannot be used; however, the result cannot be compared with that of laboratory measurements.
Akustik - Messung der Schalldämmung in Gebäuden und von Bauteilen am Bau - Teil 3: Fassadenschalldämmung (ISO 16283-3:2016)
Dieser Teil der ISO 16283 legt Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Luftschalldämmung von Fassadenbauteilen (Bauteilverfahren) und ganzen Fassaden (globale Verfahren) durch Schalldruckmessungen fest. Diese Verfahren sind für Raumvolumen im Bereich von 10 m³ bis 250 m³ und den Frequenzbereich von 50 Hz bis 5 000 Hz vorgesehen.
Die Prüfergebnisse können genutzt werden, um die Luftschalldämmung in unmöblierten und möblierten Räumen quantitativ zu bestimmen, zu beurteilen und miteinander zu vergleichen, wobei das Schallfeld annähernd einem diffusen Schallfeld entsprechen darf, dies jedoch nicht muss. Die gemessene Luftschalldämmung ist von der Frequenz abhängig und kann in eine Einzahlangabe umgewandelt werden, um unter Anwendung der Bewertungsverfahren nach ISO 717-1 die akustische Leistung zu charakterisieren.
Das Ziel der Bauteilverfahren besteht in der Abschätzung des Schalldämm-Maßes eines Fassadenbauteils, beispielsweise eines Fensters. Beim genauesten Bauteilverfahren kommt ein Lautsprecher als künstliche Schallquelle zum Einsatz. Weitere, weniger genaue Bauteilverfahren nutzen die vorliegenden Verkehrs-geräusche. Das Ziel der globalen Verfahren andererseits besteht in der Abschätzung der Differenz im Schallpegel im Gebäude und im Freien unter tatsächlichen Verkehrsbedingungen. Bei den genauesten globalen Verfahren wird der tatsächliche Verkehr als Schallquelle genutzt. Sofern der durch die Verkehrsgeräusche erzeugte Schallpegel innerhalb des Raums unzureichend ist, darf ein Lautsprecher als künstliche Schallquelle genutzt werden. Ein Überblick über die Verfahren ist in Tabelle 1 angegeben.
Das Bauteilverfahren mit Lautsprecher ergibt ein Bau-Schalldämm-Maß, das unter bestimmten Umständen mit dem nach ISO 10140 in Prüfständen gemessenen Schalldämm-Maß vergleichbar ist. Dieses Verfahren stellt das bevorzugte Verfahren dar, wenn das Ziel der Messung darin besteht, die Leistung eines festgelegten Fassadenbauteils im Verhältnis zu seiner Leistung im Prüfstand zu bewerten.
Das Bauteilverfahren mit Straßenverkehr dient demselben Zweck wie das Bauteilverfahren mit Lautsprecher. Es ist von besonderem Nutzen, wenn das Bauteilverfahren mit Lautsprecher aus verschiedenen praktischen Gründen nicht anwendbar ist. Die beiden Verfahren führen häufig zu geringfügig unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen. Das Verfahren mit Straßenverkehr weist eine Tendenz zu geringeren Werten des Schalldämm-Maßes als das Lautsprecherverfahren auf. In Anhang D wird dieses Straßenverkehrsverfahren durch die entsprechenden Luft- und Schienenverkehrsverfahren ergänzt.
Das globale Verfahren mit Straßenverkehr ergibt die reale Dämmung an einer Fassade an einem gegebenen Ort im Verhältnis zu einer Position 2 m vor der Fassade. Dieses Verfahren stellt das bevorzugte Verfahren dar, wenn das Ziel der Messung darin besteht, die Leistung der gesamten Fassade, einschließlich aller Flankenwege, an einer festgelegten Position im Verhältnis zu nahe gelegenen Straßen zu bewerten. Die Ergebnisse können nicht mit denen von Prüfstandsmessungen verglichen werden.
Das globale Verfahren mit Lautsprecher ergibt die Schalldämmung an einer Fassade im Verhältnis zu einer Position 2 m vor der Fassade. Dieses Verfahren ist von besonderem Nutzen, wenn die reale Quelle aus praktischen Gründen nicht anwendbar ist; die Ergebnisse können jedoch nicht mit denen von Prüfstands-messungen verglichen werden.
Tabelle 1 - Überblick über die verschiedenen Messverfahren
...
Acoustique - Mesurage in situ de l'isolement acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments de construction - Partie 3: Isolement aux bruits de façades (ISO 16283-3:2016)
ISO 16283-3:2016 spécifie les modes opératoires permettant de déterminer l'isolement acoustique aux bruits aériens des éléments de façade (méthodes par éléments) et des façades entières (méthodes globales) à l'aide de mesurages de la pression acoustique. Ces modes opératoires s'appliquent aux salles dont le volume est compris entre 10 m3 et 250 m3 aux fréquences comprises entre 50 Hz et 5 000 Hz.
Les résultats des essais peuvent être utilisés pour quantifier, évaluer et comparer l'isolement aux bruits aériens de salles non meublées ou meublées dans lesquelles le champ acoustique peut, ou ne peut pas, être assimilé à un champ diffus. L'isolement aux bruits aériens mesuré dépend de la fréquence et peut être converti en un indice unique qui caractérise la performance acoustique à l'aide des modes opératoires d'évaluation spécifiés dans l'ISO 717‑1.
Akustika - Terenska merjenja zvočne izolirnosti v stavbah in stavbnih elementih - 3. del: Izolirnost fasade (ISO 16283-3:2016)
Ta del standarda ISO 16283 določa postopke za določevanje izolirnosti fasadnih elementov (elementne metode) in celotnih fasad (globalne metode) pred zvokom v zraku na podlagi meritev zvočnega tlaka. Ti postopki so namenjeni prostorom s prostornino 10–250 m3 v frekvenčnem območju 50–5000 Hz.
Rezultate preskusa je mogoče uporabiti za kvantifikacijo, ovrednotenje in primerjavo izolirnosti pred zvokom v zraku v neopremljenih ali opremljenih prostorih, kjer je zvočno polje lahko podobno razpršenemu polju ali pa ne. Izmerjena izolirnost pred zvokom v zraku je odvisna od frekvence in jo je mogoče pretvoriti v količino, označeno z eno številko, za opredelitev akustičnih lastnosti na podlagi ocenjevalnih postopkov v standardu ISO 717-1.
Elementne metode so namenjene za oceno zvočne izolirnosti fasadnega elementa, npr. okna. Najnatančnejša elementna metoda uporablja zvočnik kot umetni vir zvoka. Druge manj natančne elementne metode uporabljajo razpoložljiv hrup prometa. Globalne metode po drugi strani so namenjene za oceno razlike v ravni zvoka na prostem/v zaprtih prostorih pri dejanskih razmerah v prometu. Najnatančnejše globalne metode uporabljajo dejanski promet kot vir zvoka. Kadar je raven hrupa prometa v zaprtem prostoru nezadostna, se lahko kot umetni vir zvoka uporabi zvočnik. Pregled metod je podan v preglednici 1.
Elementna metoda z zvočnikom poda privzeto gradbeno zvočno izolirnost, ki jo je mogoče v določenih
okoliščinah primerjati z zvočno izolirnostjo, izmerjeno v laboratorijih v skladu s standardom ISO 10140. Ta metoda je priporočljiva, kadar je namen meritve ocena zmogljivosti določenega fasadnega elementa glede na njegovo zmogljivost v laboratoriju.
Elementna metoda s cestnim prometom se uporablja za enake namene kot elementna metoda z zvočnikom. Uporabna je zlasti, kadar elementne metode z zvočnikom ni mogoče uporabiti zaradi različnih praktičnih razlogov. Rezultati obeh metod se ponavadi nekoliko razlikujejo. Vrednosti zvočne izolirnosti pri metodi s cestnim prometom so običajno nižje kot pri metodi z zvočnikom. V dodatku D je ta metoda s cestnim prometom nadomeščena z ustreznimi metodami z letalskim in železniškim prometom. Rezultat globalne metode s cestnim prometom je dejanska zvočna izolirnost fasade na danem mestu glede na položaj 2 m stran od fasade. Ta metoda je priporočljiva, kadar je namen meritve ocena zmogljivosti celotne fasade, vključno z vsemi stranskimi potmi, v določenem položaju glede na bližnje ceste. Tega rezultata ni mogoče primerjati z rezultati laboratorijskih meritev. Rezultat globalne metode z zvočnikom je dejanska zvočna izolirnost fasade glede na položaj 2 m stran od fasade. Ta metoda je uporabna zlasti, kadar dejanskega vira ni mogoče uporabiti zaradi praktičnih razlogov, vendar pa rezultata ni mogoče primerjati z rezultati laboratorijskih meritev.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
01-junij-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 140-14:2005
SIST EN ISO 140-14:2005/AC:2009
SIST EN ISO 140-5:1999
$NXVWLND7HUHQVNDPHUMHQMD]YRþQHL]ROLUQRVWLYVWDYEDKLQVWDYEQLKHOHPHQWLK
GHO ,]ROLUQRVWIDVDGH ,62
Acoustics - Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements -
Part 3: Façade sound insulation (ISO 16283-3:2016)
Akustik - Messung der Schalldämmung in Gebäuden und von Bauteilen am Bau - Teil 3:
Fassadenschalldämmung (ISO 16283-3:2016)
Acoustique - Mesurage in situ de l'isolement acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments
de construction - Partie 3: Isolement aux bruits de façades (ISO 16283-3:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16283-3:2016
ICS:
17.140.01 $NXVWLþQDPHUMHQMDLQ Acoustic measurements and
EODåHQMHKUXSDQDVSORãQR noise abatement in general
91.120.20 $NXVWLNDYVWDYEDK=YRþQD Acoustics in building. Sound
L]RODFLMD insulation
SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
EN ISO 16283-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 91.120.20; 91.060.10 Supersedes EN ISO 140-14:2004, EN ISO 140-5:1998
English Version
Acoustics - Field measurement of sound insulation in
buildings and of building elements - Part 3: Façade sound
insulation (ISO 16283-3:2016)
Acoustique - Mesurage in situ de l'isolement Akustik - Messung der Schalldämmung in Gebäuden
acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments de und von Bauteilen am Bau - Teil 3:
construction - Partie 3: Isolement aux bruits de façades Fassadenschalldämmung (ISO 16283-3:2016)
(ISO 16283-3:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 January 2016.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16283-3:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
EN ISO 16283-3:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
EN ISO 16283-3:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 16283-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43
“Acoustics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 126 “Acoustic properties of building
elements and of buildings” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2016, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by August 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 140-14:2004, EN ISO 140-5:1998.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16283-3:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16283-3:2016 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16283-3
First edition
2016-02-01
Acoustics — Field measurement of
sound insulation in buildings and of
building elements —
Part 3:
Façade sound insulation
Acoustique — Mesurage in situ de l'isolement acoustique
des bâtiments et des éléments de construction —
Partie 3: Isolement aux bruits de façades
Reference number
ISO 16283-3:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
ISO 16283-3:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
ISO 16283-3:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Instrumentation . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Calibration . 8
4.3 Verification . 8
5 Frequency range . 9
6 General . 9
7 Indoor sound pressure level measurements .11
7.1 General .11
7.2 Default procedure .11
7.2.1 Fixed microphone positions.11
7.2.2 Mechanized continuously-moving microphone.11
7.2.3 Manually scanned microphone .11
7.2.4 Minimum distances for microphone positions .13
7.2.5 Averaging times .13
7.2.6 Calculation of energy-average sound pressure levels .14
7.3 Low-frequency procedure (element or global loudspeaker methods) .15
7.3.1 General.15
7.3.2 Microphone positions .15
7.3.3 Averaging time .15
7.3.4 Calculation of low-frequency energy-average sound pressure levels .16
7.4 Background noise (default and low-frequency procedure) .16
7.4.1 General.16
7.4.2 Correction to the signal level for background noise .17
8 Reverberation time measurements in the receiving room (default and low-
frequency procedure) .17
8.1 General .17
8.2 Generation of sound field .17
8.3 Default procedure .18
8.4 Low-frequency procedure .18
8.5 Interrupted noise method .18
8.6 Integrated impulse response method .18
9 Outdoor measurements using a loudspeaker as a sound source (default and low-
frequency procedure) .19
9.1 General .19
9.2 Generation of the sound field .19
9.3 Loudspeaker requirements .19
9.4 Loudspeaker positions .20
9.5 Element loudspeaker method .20
9.5.1 Outdoor sound pressure level measurements on the test surface .20
9.6 Global loudspeaker method .21
9.6.1 Outdoor sound pressure level measurements near the façade .21
9.6.2 Large rooms or façades comprising more than one outside wall .21
9.6.3 Calculation of measurement results .21
10 Outdoor measurements using road traffic as a sound source (default procedure) .21
10.1 General .21
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
ISO 16283-3:2016(E)
10.2 Test requirements .22
10.3 Element road traffic method .22
10.3.1 General.22
10.3.2 Requirements on road traffic and façade geometry .22
10.3.3 Outdoor sound pressure level measurements on the test surface .23
10.4 Global road traffic method .23
10.4.1 Outdoor sound pressure level measurements at a distance of 2 m in front
of the façade .23
10.4.2 Calculation of measurement results .24
11 Conversion to octave bands .24
12 Expression of results .25
13 Uncertainty .26
14 Test report .26
Annex A (normative) Determination of area, S.27
Annex B (normative) Control of sound transmission through the wall surrounding the
test specimen .28
Annex C (normative) Requirements for loudspeakers .29
Annex D (informative) Examples of verification of test requirements .30
Annex E (informative) Measurements with aircraft and railway traffic noise (default procedure) 31
Annex F (informative) Forms for recording results .35
Bibliography .37
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
ISO 16283-3:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 2, Building
acoustics.
This first edition cancels and replaces ISO 140-5:1998 and ISO 140-14:2004, which have been
technically revised.
ISO 16283 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics — Field measurement of
sound insulation in buildings and of building elements:
— Part 1: Airborne sound insulation
— Part 2: Impact sound insulation
— Part 3: Façade sound insulation
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
ISO 16283-3:2016(E)
Introduction
ISO 16283 (all parts) describes procedures for field measurements of sound insulation in buildings.
Airborne, impact, and façade sound insulation are described in ISO 16283-1, ISO 16283-2, and in this
part of ISO 16283, respectively.
Field sound insulation measurements that were described previously in ISO 140-4, ISO 140-5, and
ISO 140-7 were (a) primarily intended for measurements where the sound field could be considered
to be diffuse and (b) not explicit as to whether operators could be present in the rooms during the
measurement. ISO 16283 differs from ISO 140-4, ISO 140-5, and ISO 140-7 in that (a) it applies to rooms
in which the sound field can or cannot approximate to a diffuse field, (b) it clarifies how operators
can measure the sound field using a hand-held microphone or sound level metre, and (c) it includes
additional guidance that was previously contained in ISO 140-14.
NOTE Survey test methods for field measurements of façade sound insulation are dealt with in ISO 10052.
vi © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16283-3:2016(E)
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in
buildings and of building elements —
Part 3:
Façade sound insulation
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16283 specifies procedures to determine the airborne sound insulation of façade
elements (element methods) and whole façades (global methods) using sound pressure measurements.
3 3
These procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m to 250 m in the frequency
range from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz.
The test results can be used to quantify, assess, and compare the airborne sound insulation in
unfurnished or furnished rooms where the sound field can or cannot approximate to a diffuse field. The
measured airborne sound insulation is frequency-dependent and can be converted into a single number
quantity to characterize the acoustic performance using the rating procedures in ISO 717-1.
The element methods aim to estimate the sound reduction index of a façade element, for example, a
window. The most accurate element method uses a loudspeaker as an artificial sound source. Other
less accurate element methods use available traffic noise. The global methods, on the other hand, aim to
estimate the outdoor/indoor sound level difference under actual traffic conditions. The most accurate
global methods use the actual traffic as sound source. A loudspeaker can be used as an artificial sound
source when there is insufficient level from traffic noise inside the room. An overview of the methods is
given in Table 1.
The element loudspeaker method yields an apparent sound reduction index which, under certain
circumstances, can be compared with the sound reduction index measured in laboratories in accordance
with ISO 10140. This method is the preferred method when the aim of the measurement is to evaluate
the performance of a specified façade element in relation to its performance in the laboratory.
The element road traffic method will serve the same purposes as the element loudspeaker method. It
is particularly useful when, for different practical reasons, the element loudspeaker method cannot be
used. These two methods will often yield slightly different results. The road traffic method tends to
result in lower values of the sound reduction index than the loudspeaker method. In Annex D, this road
traffic method is supplemented by the corresponding aircraft and railway traffic methods.
The global road traffic method yields the real reduction of a façade in a given place relative to a position
2 m in front of the façade. This method is the preferred method when the aim of the measurement is to
evaluate the performance of a whole façade, including all flanking paths, in a specified position relative
to nearby roads. The result cannot be compared with that of laboratory measurements.
The global loudspeaker method yields the sound reduction of a façade relative to a position that is 2 m
in front of the façade. This method is particularly useful when, for practical reasons, the real source
cannot be used; however, the result cannot be compared with that of laboratory measurements.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
ISO 16283-3:2016(E)
Table 1 — Overview of the different measurement methods
Reference in
No. Method this part of Result Field of application
ISO 16283
Element
Element Preferred method to estimate the apparent
1 9.5 R’
45°
loudspeaker sound reduction index of façade elements
Alternative to method No.1 when road
Element road
2 10.3 R’ traffic as a sound source provides a
tr,s
traffic
sufficient level
Element Alternative to method No.1 when railway
3 railway Annex E R’ traffic as a sound source provides a
rt,s
traffic sufficient level
Element Alternative to method No.1 when aircraft
4 aircraft Annex E R’ traffic as a sound source provides a
at,s
traffic sufficient level
Global
D
ls,2m,nT
Global
5 9.6 Alternative to methods Nos. 6, 7, and 8
loudspeaker
D
ls,2m,n
Preferred method to estimate the global
D
tr,2m,nT
Global road
6 10.4 sound insulation of a façade exposed to road
traffic
D
tr,2m,n
traffic as a sound source
Global Preferred method to estimate the global
D
rt,2m,nT
7 railway Annex E sound insulation of a façade exposed to
D
rt,2m,n
traffic railway traffic as a sound source
Global Preferred method to estimate the global
D
at,2m,nT
8 aircraft Annex E sound insulation of a façade exposed to
D
at,2m,n
traffic aircraft traffic as a sound source
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 717-1, Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 1: Airborne
sound insulation
ISO 3382-2, Acoustics — Measurement of room acoustic parameters — Part 2: Reverberation time in
ordinary rooms
ISO 12999-1, Acoustics — Determination and application of measurement uncertainties in building
acoustics — Part 1: Sound insulation
ISO 15712-3, Building acoustics — Estimation of acoustic performance of buildings from the performance
of elements — Part 3: Airborne sound insulation against outdoor sound
ISO 18233, Acoustics — Application of new measurement methods in building and room acoustics
IEC 60942, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators
IEC 61183, Electroacoustics — Random-incidence and diffuse-field calibration of sound level meters
IEC 61260, Electroacoustics — Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 16283-3:2016
ISO 16283-3:2016(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
average outdoor sound pressure level on the test surface
L
1,s
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the surface and time average of the squared sound
pressure to the square of the reference sound pressure, the surface average being taken over the entire
test surface including reflecting effects from the test specimen and façade
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
1,s
3.2
average outdoor sound pressure level at a distance 2m in front of the façade
L
1,2m
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the time average of the squared sound pressure to the
square of the reference sound pressure, at a position 2 m in front of the façade
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
1,2m
3.3
energy-average sound pressure level in a room
L
2
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound
pressure to the square of the reference sound pressure, the space average is taken over the central zone
of the roo
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
01-september-2014
$NXVWLND7HUHQVNDPHUMHQMD]YRþQHL]ROLUQRVWLYVWDYEDKLQVWDYEQLKHOHPHQWLK
GHO ,]ROLUQRVWIDVDGH ,62',6
Acoustics - Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements -
Part 3: Façade sound insulation (ISO/DIS 16283-3:2014)
Akustik - Messung der Schalldämmung in Gebäuden und von Bauteilen am Bau - Teil 3:
Fassadenschalldämmung (ISO/DIS 16283-3:2014)
Acoustique - Mesurage in situ de l'isolation acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments de
construction - Partie 3: Isolation des bruits de façades (ISO/DIS 16283-3:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 16283-3
ICS:
17.140.01 $NXVWLþQDPHUMHQMDLQ Acoustic measurements and
EODåHQMHKUXSDQDVSORãQR noise abatement in general
91.120.20 $NXVWLNDYVWDYEDK=YRþQD Acoustics in building. Sound
L]RODFLMD insulation
oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 16283-3
ISO/TC 43/SC 2 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2014-06-12 2014-11-12
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in
buildings and of building elements —
Part 3:
Façade sound insulation
Acoustique — Mesurage in situ de l’isolation acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments de construction —
Partie 3: Isolation des bruits de façades
ICS: 91.120.20;91.060.10
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and processed under the ISO lead mode of collaboration
as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member
bodies for a parallel five month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments
received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
formal vote in CEN.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
committee secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
composition will be undertaken at publication stage.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 16283-3:2014(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2014
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3:2014(E)
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as
permitted under the applicable laws of the user’s country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract
from it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
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Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Instrumentation . 8
5 Frequency range . 9
6 General . 9
7 Indoor sound pressure level measurements . 11
8 Reverberation time measurements in the receiving room (default and low-frequency
procedure) . 17
9 Outdoor measurements using a loudspeaker as a sound source . 19
10 Outdoor measurements using road traffic as a sound source . 22
11 Conversion to octave bands . 25
12 Expression of results . 26
13 Uncertainty . 26
14 Test report . 27
Annex A (normative) Determination of area, S . 28
Annex B (normative) Control of sound transmission through the wall surrounding the test
specimen . 29
Annex C (normative) Requirements for loudspeakers . 30
Annex D (informative) Examples of verification of test requirements . 31
Annex E (informative) Measurements with aircraft and railway traffic noise . 32
Annex F (informative) Forms for recording results . 36
Bibliography . 38
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 16283-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 2, Building
acoustics.
Together with ISO 16283-1 this edition cancels and replaces ISO 140-5:1998 and ISO 140-14:2004
ISO 140-7:1998, and together with ISO 16283-2 this this edition cancels and replaces ISO 140-14:2004 of
which have been technically revised.
ISO 16283 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics — Field measurement of sound
insulation in buildings and of building elements:
Part 1: Airborne sound insulation
Part 2: Impact sound insulation
Part 3: Façade sound insulation
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
Introduction
ISO 16283 (all parts) describes procedures for field measurements of sound insulation in buildings. Airborne,
impact and façade sound insulation are described in ISO 16283-1, ISO 16283-2 and ISO 16283-3,
respectively.
Field sound insulation measurements that were previously described in ISO 140-4, -5, and -7 were (a)
primarily intended for measurements where the sound field could be considered to be diffuse, and (b) not
explicit as to whether operators could be present in the rooms during the measurement. ISO 16283 differs
from ISO 140-4, -5, and -7 in that (a) it applies to rooms in which the sound field may, or may not approximate
to a diffuse field, (b) it clarifies how operators can measure the sound field using a hand-held microphone or
sound level meter and (c) it includes additional guidance that was previously contained in ISO 140-14.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved v
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 16283-3
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in
buildings and of building elements — Part 3: Façade sound
insulation
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16283 specifies procedures to determine the airborne sound insulation of facade elements
(element methods) and whole facades (global methods) using sound pressure measurements. These
3 3
procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m to 250 m in the frequency range from
50 Hz to 5 000 Hz.
The test results can be used to quantify, assess and compare the airborne sound insulation in unfurnished or
furnished rooms where the sound field may, or may not approximate to a diffuse field. The measured airborne
sound insulation is frequency-dependent and can be converted into a single number quantity to characterise
the acoustic performance using the rating procedures in ISO 717-1.
The element methods aim to estimate the sound reduction index of a façade element, for example a window.
The most accurate element method uses a loudspeaker as an artificial sound source. Other, less accurate,
element methods use available traffic noise. The global methods, on the other hand, aim to estimate the
outdoor/indoor sound level difference under actual traffic conditions. The most accurate global methods use
the actual traffic as sound source. A loudspeaker may be used as an artificial sound source when there is
insufficient level from traffic noise inside the room. An overview of the methods is given in Table 1.
The element loudspeaker method yields an apparent sound reduction index which, under certain
circumstances can be compared with the sound reduction index measured in laboratories in accordance with
ISO 10140. This method is the preferred method when the aim of the measurement is to evaluate the
performance of a specified façade element in relation to its performance in the laboratory.
The element road traffic method will serve the same purposes as the element loudspeaker method. It is
particularly useful when, for different practical reasons, the element loudspeaker method cannot be used.
These two methods will often yield slightly different results. The road traffic method tends to result in lower
values of the sound reduction index than the loudspeaker method. In Annex D this road traffic method is
supplemented by the corresponding aircraft and railway traffic methods.
The global road traffic method yields the real reduction of a façade in a given place relative to a position 2 m in
front of the façade. This method is the preferred method when the aim of the measurement is to evaluate the
performance of a whole façade, including all flanking paths, in a specified position relative to nearby roads.
The result cannot be compared with that of laboratory measurements.
The global loudspeaker method yields the sound reduction of a façade relative to a position that is 2 m in front
of the façade. This method is particularly useful when, for practical reasons, the real source cannot be used,
however the result cannot be compared with that of laboratory measurements.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 1
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
Table 1 — Overview of the different measurement methods
Reference in this
No. Method part of ISO Result Field of application
16283
Element
Element Preferred method to estimate the apparent
1 9.5 R’
45°
loudspeaker sound reduction index of facade elements
Alternative to method No.1 when road
Element road
2 R’ traffic as a sound source provides a
10.3
tr,s
traffic
sufficient level
Alternative to method No.1 when railway
Element
3 Annex E R’ traffic as a sound source provides a
rt,s
railway traffic
sufficient level
Alternative to method No.1 when air traffic
Element air
4 Annex E R’ as a sound source provides a sufficient
at,s
traffic
level
Global
D
ls,2m,nT
Global
5 9.6 Alternative to methods Nos. 6, 7 and 8
loudspeaker
D
ls,2m,n
D Preferred method to estimate the global
tr,2m,nT
Global road
6 10.4 sound insulation of a facade exposed to
traffic
D road traffic as a sound source
tr,2m,n
D Preferred method to estimate the global
rt,2m,nT
Global
7 Annex E sound insulation of a facade exposed to
railway traffic
D railway traffic as a sound source
rt,2m,n
D
Preferred method to estimate the global
at,2m,nT
Global air
8 Annex E sound insulation of a facade exposed to air
traffic
D traffic as a sound source
at,2m,n
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 717-1, Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 1: Airborne
sound insulation
ISO 3382-2, Acoustics — Measurement of room acoustic parameters — Part 2: Reverberation time in ordinary
rooms
2 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
ISO 12999-1, Determination and application of uncertainties in building acoustics — Part 1: Sound insulation
ISO 15712-3, Building acoustics — Estimation of acoustic performance of buildings from the performance of
elements — Part 3: Airborne sound insulation against outdoor sound.
ISO 18233, Acoustics — Application of new measurement methods in building and room acoustics
IEC 60942, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators
IEC 61183, Electroacoustics — Random-incidence and diffuse-field calibration of sound level meters
IEC 61260, Electroacoustics — Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
average outdoor sound pressure level on the test surface
L
1,s
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the surface and time average of the squared sound pressure to
the square of the reference sound pressure, the surface average being taken over the entire test surface
including reflecting effects from the test specimen and façade
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
1,s
3.2
average outdoor sound pressure level at a distance 2m in front of the facade
L
1,2m
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the time average of the squared sound pressure to the square
of the reference sound pressure, at a position 2 m in front of the facade
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
1,2m
3.3
energy-average sound pressure level in a room
L
2
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound pressure to
the square of the reference sound pressure, the space average is taken over the central zone of the room
where the direct radiation from any loudspeaker or the nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has
negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
2
3.4
corner sound pressure level in a room
L
2,Corner
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the highest time average squared sound pressure from the set
of corner measurements to the square of the reference sound pressure, for the low-frequency range (50, 63,
and 80 Hz one-third octave bands)
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
2,Corner
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 3
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
3.5
low-frequency energy-average sound pressure level in a room
L
2,LF
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound pressure to
the square of the reference sound pressure in the low-frequency range (50 Hz, 63 Hz, and 80 Hz one-third
octave bands) where the space average is a weighted average that is calculated using the room corners
where the sound pressure levels are highest and the central zone of the room where the direct radiation from
any loudspeaker or the nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
2,LF
Note 2 to entry: L is an estimate of the energy-average sound pressure level for the entire room volume.
2,LF
3.6
reverberation time
T
time required for the sound pressure level in a room to decrease by 60 dB after the sound source has stopped
Note 1 to entry: T is expressed in seconds.
3.7
background noise level
measured sound pressure level in the receiving room from all sources except the sound source used for the
measurement
3.8
fixed microphone
microphone that is fixed in space by using a device such as a tripod so that it is stationary
3.9
mechanized continuously-moving microphone
microphone that is mechanically moved with approximately constant angular speed in a circle, or is
mechanically swept along a circular path where the angle of rotation about a fixed axis is between 270° and
360°
3.10
manually-scanned microphone
microphone attached to a hand-held sound level meter or an extension rod that is moved by a human operator
along a prescribed path
3.11
manually-held microphone
microphone attached to a hand-held sound level meter or a rod that is hand-held at a fixed position by a
human operator at a distance at least an arm’s length from the trunk of the operator’s body
3.12
apparent sound reduction index
R’
45°
measure of the airborne sound insulation of a building element when the sound source is a loudspeaker at an
angle of incidence is 45° and the outside microphone position is on the test surface, which is given by ten
times the common logarithm of the ratio of the sound power, W , which is incident on a test element when
1,45°
the angle of sound incidence is 45° to the total sound power radiated into the receiving room if, in addition to
the sound power, W , radiated by the test element, the sound power, W , radiated by flanking elements or by
3
2
other components, is significant
W
1,45°
'
R = 10lg (1)
45°
W + W
2 3
4 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
for which the apparent sound reduction index is evaluated using Formula (4)
S
'
R = L − L + 10lg −1,5dB (2)
45° l,s 2
A
where
S is the area of the test specimen, in square metres, determined as given in Annex A;
A is the equivalent absorption area of the receiving room, in square metres.
Note 1 to entry: R' is expressed in decibels.
45°
Note 2 to entry: In general, the sound power transmitted into the receiving room consists of the sum of several
components from different elements (window, ventilator, door, wall etc).
Note 3 to entry: Formula (2) is based on the assumption that the sound is incident from one angle only, 45°, and the
sound field in the receiving room approximates to a diffuse field.
3.13
apparent sound reduction index
R’
tr,s
measure of the airborne sound insulation of a building element when the sound source is road traffic and the
outside microphone position is on the test surface for which the apparent sound reduction index is evaluated
using Formula (4)
S
'
R = L − L + 10lg − 3dB (3)
tr,s 1,s 2,s
A
where
S is the area of the test specimen, in square metres, determined as given in Annex A;
A is the equivalent absorption area of the receiving room, in square metres.
Note 1 to entry: R' is expressed in decibels.
tr,s
Note 2 to entry: Formula (3) is based on the assumption that the sound is incident from all angles, and the sound field
in the receiving room approximates to a diffuse field.
3.14
level difference
D
2m
level difference between L and L evaluated using Formula (4)
1,2m 2
D = L − L (4)
2m 1,2m 2
Note 1 to entry: D is expressed in decibels.
2m
Note 2 to entry: The notation is D when traffic noise is used as the sound source, and D when a loudspeaker is
tr,2m ls,2m
used.
3.15
standardized level difference
D
2m,nT
level difference that is standardized to a reference value of the reverberation time in the receiving room and
calculated using Formula (5)
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 5
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
T
D = D + 10lg (5)
2m,nT 2m
T
0
where
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room;
T is the reference reverberation time; for dwellings, T = 0,5 s.
0 0
Note 1 to entry: D is expressed in decibels.
2m,nT
Note 2 to entry: The level difference is referenced to a reverberation time of 0,5 s because in dwellings with furniture
the reverberation time has been found to be reasonably independent of volume and frequency and to be approximately
equal to 0,5 s.
Note 3 to entry: The notation is D when traffic noise is used as the sound source, and D when a
tr,2m,nT ls,2m,nT
loudspeaker is used.
3.16
normalized level difference
D
2m,n
level difference that is normalized to a reference value of the absorption area in the receiving room and
calculated using Formula (6)
A
D = D −10lg (6)
2m,n 2m
A
0
where
2
A is the reference absorption area; for dwellings, A = 10 m .
0 0
Note 1 to entry: D is expressed in decibels.
2m,n
Note 2 to entry: The notation is D when traffic noise is used as the sound source, and D when a
tr,2m,n ls,2m,n
loudspeaker is used.
3.17
equivalent absorption area
A
sound absorption area which is calculated using Sabine's formula in Formula (7)
0,16V
A= (7)
T
where
V is the receiving room volume, in cubic metres;
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room.
Note 1 to entry: A is expressed in square metres.
3.18
single event level
L
E
single event level of a discrete noise event calculated using Formula (8)
6 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
t
2 2
1 p (t)
L =10 lg dt (8)
E
∫ 2
t
p
0
t 0
1
where
p(t) is the instantaneous sound pressure, in Pascals;
t -t is a stated time interval long enough to encompass all significant sound energy of a stated event;
2 1
p is the reference sound pressure, with p =20 µPa;
0 0
t is the reference duration, with t = 1s.
0 0
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
E
3.19
single event level difference
D
E,2m
level difference between the outdoor single event level, L , and the space and time average single event
E1,2m
level, L , in the receiving room and calculated using Formula (9)
E2
D = L − L (9)
E,2m E1,2m E2
Note 1 to entry: D is expressed in decibels.
E,2m
Note 2 to entry: The notation is D when air traffic is used as the sound source, and D when railway traffic
at,E,2m rt,E,2m
is used as the sound source.
3.20
standardized single event level difference
D
E,2m,nT
level difference that is standardized to a reference value of the reverberation time in the receiving room and
calculated using Formula (10)
T
(10)
D = D + 10lg
E,2m,nT E,2m
T
0
Note 1 to entry: D is expressed in decibels.
T
E,2m,n
Note 2 to entry: The notation is D when air traffic is used as the sound source, and D when railway
T T
at,E,2m,n rt,E,2m,n
traffic is used as the sound source.
3.21
normalized single event level difference
D
E,2m,n
level difference that is normalized to a reference value of the absorption area in the receiving room and
calculated using Formula (11)
A
D = D − 10lg (11)
E,2m,n E,2m
A
0
Note 1 to entry: D is expressed in decibels.
E,2m,n
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 7
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
Note 2 to entry: The notation is D when air traffic is used as the sound source, and Drt,E,2m,n when railway
at,E,2m,n
traffic is used as the sound source.
3.22
apparent sound reduction index
R’
at,s
measure of the airborne sound insulation of a building element when the sound source is air traffic and the
outside microphone position is on the test surface, it is calculated using Formula (12)
S
'
R = L − L + 10lg − 3dB (12)
at,s El,s E2
A
where
L is the spatial average value of the single event level on the surface of the test specimen which
E1,s
includes the effect of reflections from the test specimen and façade;
L is the average value of the single event level in the receiving room;
E2
S is the area of the test specimen, in square metres;
A is the equivalent absorption area of the receiving room, in square metres.
Note 1 to entry: R' is expressed in decibels.
at,s
3.23
apparent sound reduction index
R’
rt,s
measure of the airborne sound insulation of a building element when the sound source is railway traffic and
the outside microphone position is on the test surface, it is calculated using Formula (13)
S
'
R = L − L + 10lg − 3dB (13)
rt,s El,s E2
A
where
L is the spatial average value of the single event level on the surface of the test specimen which
E1,s
includes the effect of reflections from the test specimen and façade;
L is the average value of the single event level in the receiving room;
E2
S is the area of the test specimen, in square metres;
A is the equivalent absorption area of the receiving room, in square metres.
Note 1 to entry: R' is expressed in decibels.
rt,s
4 Instrumentation
4.1 General
The instruments for measuring sound pressure levels, including microphone(s) as well as cable(s),
windscreen(s), recording devices and other accessories, if used, shall meet the requirements for a class 0 or 1
instrument according to IEC 61672-1 for random incidence application.
8 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 16283-3:2014
ISO/DIS 16283-3
The microphone used for surface measurements shall have a maximum diameter of 13 mm.
Filters shall meet the requirements for a class 0 or 1 instrument according to IEC 61260.
The reverberation time measurement equipment shall comply with the requirements defined in ISO 3382-2.
4.2 Calibration
At the beginning and at the end of every measurement session and at least at the beginning and the end of
each measurement day, the entire sound pressure level measuring system shall be checked at one or more
frequencies by means of a sound calibrator meeting the requirements for a class 0 or class 1 instrument
according to IEC 60942. Each time the calibrator is used, the sound pressure level measured with the
calibrator should be noted in the field documentation of the operator. Without any further adjustment, the
difference between the readings of two consecutive checks shall be less or equal to 0,5 dB. If this value is
exceeded, the results of measurements obtained after the previous satisfactory check shall be discarded.
4.3 Verification
Compliance of the sound pressure level measuring in
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