SIST EN 13848-3:2022
(Main)Railway applications - Track - Track geometry quality - Part 3: Measuring systems - Track construction and maintenance machines
Railway applications - Track - Track geometry quality - Part 3: Measuring systems - Track construction and maintenance machines
This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements for measuring systems fitted on Track Construction and Maintenance Machines to give an evaluation of track geometry quality when they measure any one or more of the parameters described in EN 13848-1.
This European Standard also gives the acceptable differences from EN 13848-1 when using chord measurements.
This European Standard does not specify:
- requirements for vehicle acceptance;
- criteria for track works acceptance;
- requirements for Urban Rail Systems. However, parts of it can be used as a reference until a specific Standard is published.
Only systems put into service after the standard comes into force are concerned.
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Gleislagequalität - Teil 3: Messsysteme - Gleisbau- und Instandhaltungsmaschinen
Dieses Dokument legt die Mindestanforderungen für Messsysteme, die im Gleisbau- und Instandhalt-ungsmaschinen eingesetzt werden, damit eine Bewertung der Qualität der Gleisgeometrie erfolgen kann, wenn mit ihnen ein oder mehrere Parameter nach EN 13848 1 gemessen werden fest.
Dieses Dokument gibt außerdem die akzeptablen Unterschiede aus EN 13848 1 für die Nutzung von Sehnenmessungen an.
Dieses Dokument legt Folgendes nicht fest:
— Anforderungen an die Abnahme von Fahrzeugen;
— Kriterien für die Abnahme von Gleisarbeiten;
— Anforderungen an Schienennahverkehrssysteme.
Nur nach dem Inkrafttreten dieses Dokuments in Betrieb genommene Systeme sind hiervon betroffen.
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Qualité géométrique de la voie - Partie 3 : Systèmes de mesure - Engins de travaux et de maintenance de la voie
Le présent document spécifie les exigences minimales relatives aux systèmes de mesure qui sont installés sur des engins de travaux et de maintenance de la voie et qui permettent d'évaluer la qualité géométrique de la voie en mesurant un ou plusieurs paramètres décrits dans l'EN 13848-1.
Le présent document spécifie également les différences acceptables par rapport à l'EN 13848-1 en cas de mesure à corde.
Le présent document ne spécifie pas :
- les exigences relatives à la réception du véhicule ;
- les critères relatifs à la réception des travaux ;
- les exigences relatives aux réseaux ferroviaires urbains.
Seuls les systèmes mis en service après la mise en application du présent document sont concernés.
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Kakovost tirne geometrije - 3. del: Merilni sistemi - Tirna mehanizacija za gradnjo in vzdrževanje
Ta evropski standard določa minimalne zahteve za merilne sisteme, nameščene na tirno mehanizacijo za gradnjo in vzdrževanje, ki se uporabljajo za vrednotenje kakovosti tirne geometrije pri merjenju enega ali več parametrov iz standarda EN 13848-1.
Ta evropski standard navaja tudi sprejemljive razlike v primerjavi s standardom EN 13848-1 pri uporabi meritev tetiv.
Ta evropski standard ne zajema:
– zahtev za prevzem vozila;
– meril za prevzem del na progi;
– zahtev za mestne železniške sisteme. Vendar pa je mogoče njegove dele uporabiti kot referenco, dokler ni objavljen poseben standard.
Uporablja se za sisteme, ki se začnejo uporabljati po začetku veljavnosti standarda.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13848-3:2022
01-februar-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13848-3:2009
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Kakovost tirne geometrije - 3. del:
Merilni sistemi - Tirna mehanizacija za gradnjo in vzdrževanje
Railway applications - Track - Track geometry quality - Part 3: Measuring systems -
Track construction and maintenance machines
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Gleislagequalität - Teil 3: Messsysteme - Gleisbau- und
Instandhaltungsmaschinen
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Qualité géométrique de la voie - Partie 3 : Systèmes de
mesure - Engins de travaux et de maintenance de la voie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13848-3:2021
ICS:
45.080 Tračnice in železniški deli Rails and railway
components
93.100 Gradnja železnic Construction of railways
SIST EN 13848-3:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13848-3:2022
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SIST EN 13848-3:2022
EN 13848-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 93.100 Supersedes EN 13848-3:2009
English Version
Railway applications - Track - Track geometry quality -
Part 3: Measuring systems - Track construction and
maintenance machines
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Qualité géométrique Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Gleislagequalität - Teil
de la voie - Partie 3 : Systèmes de mesure - Engins de 3: Messsysteme - Gleisbau- und
construction et de maintenance de la voie Instandhaltungsmaschinen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 October 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13848-3:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 13848-3:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 6
5 Track geometry measuring system fitted on OTMMs . 6
5.1 General description . 6
5.2 Environmental conditions . 8
5.3 Track features input . 9
5.4 Localization device . 9
5.5 Measuring devices . 10
5.6 Resolution . 10
5.7 Signal processing . 11
5.8 Data processing and analysis . 11
5.9 Data presentation and storage . 12
6 Testing of track geometry measuring and recording system . 13
6.1 Introduction . 13
6.2 Calibration . 13
6.3 Validation . 13
6.4 Adjustment . 19
Annex A (normative) Parameters measured by track construction and maintenance
machine . 20
Annex B (informative) Principles of measurement . 23
Annex C (normative) Description of field tests: values to be respected . 26
Annex D (informative) Track geometry measurement uncertainty . 28
Bibliography . 33
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EN 13848-3:2021 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 13848-3:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2022, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13848-3:2009.
The main differences between this version and the previous version are the following:
— Formula (1) has been revised using the Math Type tool.
— Table D.1 has been drafted as a table rather than a figure.
This document is one of the series EN 13848 “Railway applications — Track — Track Geometry quality”
as listed below:
— Part 1: Characterization of track geometry
— Part 2: Measuring systems — Track recording vehicles
— Part 3: Measuring systems — Track construction and maintenance machines
— Part 4: Measuring systems — Manual and lightweight devices
— Part 5: Geometric quality levels
— Part 6: Characterization of track geometry quality
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
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EN 13848-3:2021 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies the minimum requirements for measuring systems fitted on track construction
and maintenance machines to give an evaluation of track geometry quality when they measure any one
or several of the parameters described in EN 13848-1.
This document also gives the acceptable differences from EN 13848-1 when using chord measurements.
This document does not specify:
— requirements for vehicle acceptance;
— criteria for track works acceptance;
— requirements for Urban Rail Systems.
Only systems put into service after the document comes into force are concerned.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13848-1:2019, Railway applications — Track — Track geometry quality — Part 1: Characterization
of track geometry
EN 13848-2:2020, Railway applications — Track — Track geometry quality — Part 2: Measuring systems
— Track recording vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
track construction and maintenance machine
OTMM
self-propelled or hauled machine/vehicle which is used in construction, maintenance and/or
improvement of the quality of the infrastructure and which is equipped with a track geometry
measuring system
Note 1 to entry: Track construction and maintenance machines are part of on-track machines (OTM).
3.2
sensor
device which detects, measures and translates characteristics of track geometry into quantities that can
be used for further data processing
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3.3
measuring direction
course between two points on a track, independent of orientation of the OTMM
Note 1 to entry: Between two given points A and B, there are two opposite directions: A to B and B to A.
3.4
orientation
physical positioning of an OTMM, with regards to which end of the vehicle is leading or trailing
3.5
repeatability
degree of agreement between the values of successive measurements of the same parameter made
under the same conditions, within a short period of time, where the individual measurements are
carried out on the same section of track using the same measurement and interpretation methods,
subject to the following:
— similar speed;
— same measuring direction;
— same OTMM orientation;
— similar environmental conditions
3.6
reproducibility
degree of agreement between the values of successive measurements of the same parameter made
under varying conditions, within a short period of time, where the individual measurements are carried
out on the same section of track using the same measurement and interpretation methods, subject to
one or more of the following:
— variation of speed;
— different measuring directions;
— different OTMM orientations;
— different environmental conditions
3.7
validation
set of tests for determining if the measuring system of an OTMM complies with the requirements of this
document
3.8
calibration
set of procedures for adjusting the measuring devices of OTMMs in order to meet the requirements of
this document as defined in [14]
3.9
event
record of a track or line-side feature that can be either technical, physical or natural
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3.10
localization
information required to locate events and the measured track geometry
3.11
reference track
track with known characteristics, to allow adequate testing of the track geometry measuring and
recording system
3.12
transfer function
refer to Annex A of EN 13848-2:2020
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviations
No. Symbol Designation Unit
1 D1 Wavelength range 3 m < λ ≤ 25 m m
2 D2 Wavelength range 25 m < λ ≤ 70 m m
3 D3 Wavelength range 70 m < λ ≤ 150 m for longitudinal level m
Wavelength range 70 m < λ ≤ 200 m for alignment
4 Lo Lower limit of wavelength range D1, D2, D3 m
5 Lu Upper limit of wavelength range D1, D2, D3 m
6 λ Wavelength m
7 ℓ Twist base-length m
8 OTMM Track construction and maintenance machine -
9 Vmax Maximum possible measuring speed of an OTMM km/h
10 Vmin Minimum possible measuring speed of an OTMM km/h
11 Vwork Working speed of an OTMM km/h
5 Track geometry measuring system fitted on OTMMs
5.1 General description
This document concerns only the track geometry measuring systems installed on the OTMMs used to
measure the parameters described in EN 13848-1. It does not cover the other measurement systems;
for example those used for the tamping process.
For the purpose of this document, the track geometry measuring system fitted on OTMMs is divided into
several units as represented in Figure 1 below:
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Figure 1 — Track geometry measuring system
The track geometry measuring system installed on an OTMM is required to:
— measure track geometry parameters;
— measure the distance run by the OTMM during measuring operations;
— associate these two measurements in order to set up a precise location and process the measured
data, preferably on board, in order to analyse the track geometry parameters;
— record these parameters on computer readable media;
— calculate, based on the direct measured parameters, other parameters of the track geometry (e.g.
twist, curvature);
— process the measured data, in order to analyse the track geometry parameters;
— present and store the results.
The track geometry measuring system shall produce reliable results under normal operating conditions
of machine.
OTMMs, compliant to this document, can be used for track quality monitoring and safety assurance on
track sections where maintenance works are carried out.
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OTMMs can be also used for track geometry quality assessment. This can be done:
— in compliance with the requirements of EN 13848-2 or
— in compliance with the requirements of this document. In this case the reduced quality level of the
measurements has to be taken into account.
This document takes account of the capabilities of the equipment on existing OTMMs in its
requirements and as a consequence some of the requirements of EN 13848-1 have been modified.
There is no requirement for an OTMM to measure all the parameters listed in EN 13848-1. However, the
measured parameters and their processing shall at least meet the requirements stated in this
document.
If OTMMs, compliant to this standard, are used as track geometry recording vehicles, any reduced
quality level of the measurements compared to those compliant with EN 13848-2 has to be considered.
NOTE Due to OTMMs having a short chord length (10 m to 15 m), decolouring the signal into longer
wavelengths than D1 is not practised.
The track geometry measurement should be made on a loaded track as defined in EN 13848-1. It has to
be considered that load changes over time or differences in the load distribution over the chord length
affect the measurement.
Contrarily to the measuring systems fitted to track recording vehicles, the measuring systems fitted to
OTMMs are not required to measure in both orientations.
Any measurements made during the working mode as defined in EN 14033-1:2017 (3.10) shall not
constrain the working process of the OTMM, e.g. the measuring and the working speed are
complementary.
5.2 Environmental conditions
5.2.1 Introduction
All the measuring devices and hardware components fitted on an OTMM shall produce reliable results
under the environmental conditions specified below.
5.2.2 Climatic conditions
The effects of climatic conditions on components outside and inside the OTMM shall be considered.
These shall include:
— Outside components:
— ambient temperature;
— condensation, particularly with sudden variation of temperature at the entrance or at the exit
of a tunnel;
— possibility of extreme weather conditions (heavy rain, snow, direct sunlight …);
— ambient relative humidity.
— Inside components:
— ambient temperature for operating and storage conditions;
— ambient relative humidity.
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5.2.3 Operating conditions
The effects of operating conditions shall be considered. These shall include:
— ballast or iron fragments impacts;
— grease on the rail;
— reflection condition of the rail;
— characteristic light conditions;
— dust, water and snow in connection with aerodynamic conditions;
— safety requirements (e.g. laser beam);
— vibrations and shocks;
— electromagnetic environment;
— compatibility with signalling and communication systems.
5.3 Track features input
The track features input supports the data analysis (see 5.8) and shall include at least:
— set of limit values of track geometry parameters as defined by the infrastructure manager;
— line speed.
Other inputs can be beneficial as, for example:
— geo-spatial positioning;
— line side features such as switches, level crossings, bridges, tunnels;
— track components and track alignment design parameters.
All this data should be able to be entered by manual or automatic means.
5.4 Localization device
Data localization shall be referenced either to track axis or to a reference rail.
The reference point for the data localization system may be the kilometre post or other fixed points.
The localization device gives the OTMM's position along the track and shall fulfil the following
functions:
— synchronises the position with the reference point by various methods, using for example the
satellite based positioning system, active or passive beacons, track layout or other singular points;
— measures the distance covered by the OTMM, compensating for any backward movement, and is
generally based on sampling signals, which could be given by a wheel-mounted encoder or any
other equivalent method;
— corrects manually or automatically the inaccuracies caused by:
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— wear, sliding, conicity of the OTMM wheels;
— non-homogeneous reference post distances (e.g. posts that are greater or less than one
kilometre apart);
— uncertainty (refer to EN 13848-1:2019, 3.5) of the distance run transducer.
5.5 Measuring devices
5.5.1 General
Track geometry measuring relies on sensors, signal transmission and signal processing following
various measuring principles as described in Annex B.
The maximum and the minimum speed shall be specified and documented according to the
characteristics of the measurement system and the used OTMM.
The speed range shall be from standstill to the maximum permissible measuring speed of the OTMM if a
chord-type measuring system is used. This maximum permissible measuring speed can be different if
performed during or before/after the work.
If an inertial-type measurement system is used, a minimum speed may be necessary to measure some
parameters.
5.5.2 Sensors
The sensors shall measure in real time the track geometry parameters or their components. In order to
measure the parameters under track loaded conditions, the sensors placed under the vehicle’s frame
should be as close as possible to one of the vehicle’s loaded axles to respect measurement conditions
indicated in EN 13848-1. The sensors can be either contact type or non-contact type sensors.
The sensors’ mechanical and electrical characteristics (frequency response, signal-to-noise ratio, gain,
etc.) shall be adequate to enable the generation of track geometry parameters, independently of the
environmental conditions on the railway network and the working mode.
5.5.3 Signal transmission
Signal transmission comprises all components which are necessary for data interchange between the
sensors and the signal processing unit.
It shall at least comply with the following requirements:
— no phase shift;
— no distortion of results data;
— compliance with current industry-accepted data interchange standards.
The transmission characteristics shall be appropriate to the maximum measuring speed of the OTMM
and the data volume.
5.6 Resolution
The resolution, as defined in EN 13848-1, shall be ≤ 0,5 mm for every measured principal track
geometric parameter.
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5.7 Signal processing
5.7.1 Introduction
A track geometry parameter is obtained from the signals coming from one or several sensors. The signal
processing shall include sampling and can include signal filtering, amplification and calculation.
5.7.2 Sampling
The sampling for track geometry signals shall be triggered by a distance-based event so that the
measurements are spatially orientated at equidistant intervals along the length of the track.
All measurements shall be sampled at intervals not larger than 0,5 m.
5.7.3 Filtering
If filtering is used, the filter characteristics like the transition (cut-off) wavelength, type of filter and the
rate of attenuation (number of poles) shall be specified.
To prevent aliasing of the data the analogue signal shall be filtered in accordance with the sampling
theorem.
If filters are applied to the recorded track data, they shall have the following main characteristics:
— lower cut-off wavelength, defined at –3 dB, Lo = lower limit of at least wavelength range D1 (for
high-pass and band-pass filters);
— upper cut-off wavelength, defined at –3 dB, Lu = upper limit of at least wavelength range D1 (for
low-pass and band-pass filters);
— to avoid long measurement distances before and after the tamping sections, it is not mandatory to
meet the tolerance bands of EN 13848-1:2019, Annex C.
5.8 Data processing and analysis
5.8.1 General requirements
The data processing system hardware shall be suitable for use aboard an OTMM.
The software shall be flexible and modular in order to facilitate modifications, e.g. filter
implementations or output formats, according to any additional requirements of the infrastructure
manager.
An increase in the number of input signals as well as of the number of calculations made shall be
foreseen in the system design.
To prevent the interruption of the track geometry measurement and the loss of recorded data in case
the measuring hardware power supply fails, an adequate uninterruptible power supply should be
provided.
5.8.2 Data merging
In order to assess the track geometry quality, the track parameters shall be synchronised with track
localization and track features.
5.8.3 Parameter analysis
The parameter analysis shall be performed in order to achieve the data presentation and storage
requirements.
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5.9 Data presentation and storage
5.9.1 Operator interface
The operator's system interface shall at least provide the following possibilities:
— access to and modification of the definition of track geometry parameters, their scaling on the
graph and their analysis;
— access to and modification of the system configuration parameters;
— access to all diagnostic information of the measuring system in order to detect and analyse
malfunctions;
— input of user remarks.
5.9.2 Data presentation
The data shall be presented as a minimum in a graphical way and shall contain:
— the measured parameters;
— the thresholds of each track geometry parameter;
— the localization information or distance run from the starting point.
Invalid measurement data should be marked e.g. when it has been measured outside the valid speed
range.
Printing the graphs during the measuring should be facilitated.
Presenting the track features (5.3) on the graphs should also be facilitated.
5.9.3 Data storage
As a minimum, the following data shall be stored in a prescribed retrievable format:
— measured parameters;
— localization information or distance run from the starting point;
— date and time of the recording run;
— system settings used during measurement, processing and data analysis;
— identification of the OTMM;
— user remarks.
If information on measurement validity is available, it should be stored.
Data shall be exportable in an open-standard file format e.g. csv or xml.
5.9.4 Data transmission
The data shall be transferable between the measuring system of the OTMM and external systems.
It should be easily done e.g. using removable storage media, data network or a radio link complying
with an industry standard.
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6 Testing of track geometry measuring and recording system
6.1 Introduction
This clause covers actions and procedures, which are necessary to ensure effective operation of both
the measuring devices and the corresponding processing system.
Compliance shall be demonstrated by the following procedures:
a) Calibration
This ensures an accurate setting of the devices within the track geometry measuring and recording
system.
b) Validation and adjustment
This demonstrates that the whole system complies with the requirements needed to operate correctly
for the measured parameters.
This also ensures that the system continues to operate correctly during routine operations.
The corresponding checks and modifications should be mentioned in a log.
6.2 Calibration
The measuring device shall be calibrated to ensure the continued accuracy of measurements. The
calibration is performed according to a specified process. It shall be carried out by appointment by the
manufacturer or the user.
NOTE Usually the calibration is made before the delivery of the measuring system.
6.3 Validation
6.3.1 Overview
Validation procedure includes the following steps:
— extended validation (see 6.3.2);
— routine validation (see 6.3.3): on a more frequent basis.
6.3.2 Extended validation
6.3.2.1 Overview
After the calibration of the track geometry recording system, a method based on comparison between
different measurement runs on the same section of track shall be used to validate the recording system.
For OTMMs, there exist three extended validation tests:
— the complete test is dedicated to new or modified track geometry measuring systems (see 6.3.2.3);
— an alternative method is dedicated to a copy of systems that have already been tested through the
complete test e.g. for a series of identical track geometry measuring systems (see 6.3.2.4);
— the simplified test is dedicated to regular checks (see 6.3.2.5).
All comparisons of validation tests shall be carried out according to 6.3.2.6.
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Before each of these tests, static tests shall be performed (see 6.3.2.2).
In case the characteristics of the OTMMs are very different even if the track geometry measuring system
is the same, complete tests should be carried out.
6.3.2.2 Static tests
Static tests concern mainly track gauge and cross level measurements. This consists of comparing the
measured value with a defined reference.
6.3.2.3 Validation of a new system
This validation procedure shall be applied to initial testing of a new or a modified track geometry
measuring system; for initial testing both repeatability and reproducibility tests shall be carried out:
— measuring mode: at maximum and minimum measurement speed;
— working mode: for systems able to measure in working mode, contains maximum working speed
and some stops.
As OTMMs are not dedicated track geometry recording vehicles, a reduced number of test conditions
may be performed in comparison
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13848-3:2020
01-julij-2020
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Kakovost tirne geometrije - 3. del:
Merilni sistemi - Tirna mehanizacija za gradnjo in vzdrževanje
Railway applications - Track - Track geometry quality - Part 3: Measuring systems -
Track construction and maintenance machines
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Gleislagequalität - Teil 3: Messsysteme - Gleisbau- und
Instandhaltungsmaschinen
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Qualité géométrique de la voie - Partie 3 : Systèmes de
mesure - Engins de travaux et de maintenance de la voie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13848-3
ICS:
45.080 Tračnice in železniški deli Rails and railway
components
93.100 Gradnja železnic Construction of railways
oSIST prEN 13848-3:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 13848-3:2020
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oSIST prEN 13848-3:2020
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 13848-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2020
ICS 93.100 Will supersede EN 13848-3:2009
English Version
Railway applications - Track - Track geometry quality -
Part 3: Measuring systems - Track construction and
maintenance machines
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Qualité géométrique Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Gleislagequalität - Teil
de la voie - Partie 3 : Systèmes de mesure - Engins de 3: Messsysteme - Gleisbau- und
travaux et de maintenance de la voie Instandhaltungsmaschinen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13848-3:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 6
5 Track geometry measuring system fitted on TCMMs . 6
5.1 General description . 6
5.2 Environmental conditions . 8
5.3 Track features input . 9
5.4 Localization device . 9
5.5 Measuring devices . 10
5.6 Resolution . 10
5.7 Signal processing . 10
5.8 Data processing and analysis . 11
5.9 Data presentation and storage . 11
6 Testing of track geometry measuring and recording system . 12
6.1 Introduction . 12
6.2 Calibration . 13
6.3 Validation . 13
6.4 Adjustment . 18
Annex A (normative) Parameters measured by track construction and maintenance
machine . 19
Annex B (informative) Principles of measurement . 22
B.1 General Description . 22
B.2 Longitudinal level and alignment . 22
B.3 Track gauge . 23
B.4 Cross level . 24
B.5 Twist . 24
Annex C (normative) Description of field tests: values to be respected . 25
C.1 General . 25
C.2 Repeatability . 25
C.3 Reproducibility . 26
Annex D (informative) Track geometry measurement uncertainty . 27
D.1 General . 27
D.2 Evaluating uncertainty for track geometry measurement systems used on TCMMs . 28
D.3 Measurement uncertainty: limit values . 29
Bibliography . 32
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European foreword
This document (prEN 13848-3:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 13848-3:2009.
This document is one of the series EN 13848 “Railway applications — Track — Track Geometry quality”
as listed below:
— Part 1: Characterization of track geometry
— Part 2: Measuring systems – Track recording vehicles
— Part 3: Measuring systems – Track construction and maintenance machines
— Part 4: Measuring systems – Manual and lightweight devices
— Part 5: Geometric quality levels
— Part 6: Characterization of track geometry quality
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1 Scope
This document specifies the minimum requirements for measuring systems fitted on track construction
and maintenance machines to give an evaluation of track geometry quality when they measure any one
or several of the parameters described in EN 13848-1.
This document also gives the acceptable differences from EN 13848-1 when using chord measurements.
This document does not specify:
— requirements for vehicle acceptance;
— criteria for track works acceptance;
— requirements for Urban Rail Systems.
Only systems put into service after the document comes into force are concerned.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13848-1:2019, Railway applications - Track - Track geometry quality - Part 1: Characterization of
track geometry
EN 13848-2:2006, Railway applications - Track - Track geometry quality - Part 2: Measuring systems -
Track recording vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
track construction and maintenance machine (TCMM)
self-propelled or hauled machine/vehicle which is used in construction, maintenance and/or
improvement of the quality of the infrastructure and which is equipped with a track geometry
measuring system
Note 1 to entry: Track construction and maintenance machines are part of on-track machines (OTM).
3.2
sensor
device which detects, measures and translates characteristics of track geometry into quantities that can
be used for further data processing
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3.3
measuring direction
course between two points on a track, independent of orientation of the TCMM
Note 1 to entry: Between two given points A and B, there are two opposite directions: A to B and B to A
3.4
orientation
physical positioning of a TCMM, with regards to which end of the vehicle is leading or trailing
3.5
repeatability
degree of agreement between the values of successive measurements of the same parameter made
under the same conditions, within a short period of time, where the individual measurements are
carried out on the same section of track using the same measurement and interpretation methods,
subject to the following:
— similar speed;
— same measuring direction;
— same TCMM orientation;
— similar environmental conditions
3.6
reproducibility
degree of agreement between the values of successive measurements of the same parameter made
under varying conditions, within a short period of time, where the individual measurements are carried
out on the same section of track using the same measurement and interpretation methods, subject to
one or more of the following:
— variation of speed;
— different measuring directions;
— different TCMM orientations;
— different environmental conditions
3.7
validation
set of tests for determining if the measuring system of a TCMM complies with the requirements of this
document
3.8
calibration
set of procedures for adjusting the measuring devices of TCMMs in order to meet the requirements of
this document as defined in JCGM 200:2012
3.9
event
record of a track or line-side feature that can be either technical, physical or natural
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3.10
localization
information required to locate events and the measured track geometry
3.11
reference track
track with known characteristics, to allow adequate testing of the track geometry measuring and
recording system
3.12
transfer function
refer to Annex A of EN 13848-2
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviations
No. Symbol Designation Unit
1 D1 Wavelength range 3 m < λ ≤ 25 m m
2 D2 Wavelength range 25 m < λ ≤ 70 m m
3 D3 Wavelength range 70 m < λ ≤ 150 m for longitudinal level m
Wavelength range 70 m < λ ≤ 200 m for alignment
4 Lo Lower limit of wavelength range D1, D2, D3 m
5 Lu Upper limit of wavelength range D1, D2, D3 m
6 λ Wavelength m
7 ℓ Twist base-length m
8 TCMM Track construction and maintenance machines -
9 Vmax Maximum possible measuring speed of a TCMM km/h
10 Vmin Minimum possible measuring speed of a TCMM km/h
11 Vwork Working speed of a TCMM km/h
5 Track geometry measuring system fitted on TCMMs
5.1 General description
This document concerns only the track geometry measuring systems installed on the TCMMs used to
measure the parameters described in EN 13848-1. It does not cover the other measurement systems;
for example those used for the tamping process.
For the purpose of this document, the track geometry measuring system fitted on TCMMs is divided into
several units as represented in Figure 1 below:
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Figure 1 — Track geometry measuring system
The track geometry measuring system installed on a TCMM is required to:
— measure track geometry parameters;
— measure the distance run by the TCMM during measuring operations;
— associate these two measurements in order to set up a precise location and process the measured
data, preferably on board, in order to analyse the track geometry parameters;
— record these parameters on computer readable media;
— calculate, based on the direct measured parameters, other parameters of the track geometry (e.g.
twist, curvature);
— process the measured data, in order to analyse the track geometry parameters;
— present and store the results.
The track geometry measuring system shall produce reliable results under normal operating conditions
of machine.
TCMMs, compliant to this document, can be used for track quality monitoring and safety assurance on
track sections where maintenance works are carried out.
TCMMs can be also used for track geometry quality assessment. This can be done:
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— in compliance with the requirements of EN 13848-2 or
— in compliance with the requirements of this document. In this case the reduced quality level of the
measurements has to be taken into account.
This document takes account of the capabilities of the equipment on existing TCMMs in its
requirements and as a consequence some of the requirements of EN 13848-1 have been modified.
There is no requirement for a TCMM to measure all the parameters listed in EN 13848-1. However, the
measured parameters and their processing shall at least meet the requirements stated in this
document.
If TCMMs, compliant to this standard, are used as track geometry recording vehicles, any reduced
quality level of the measurements compared to those compliant with EN 13848-2 has to be considered.
NOTE Due to TCMMs having a short chord length (10 to 15 m), decolouring the signal into longer
wavelengths than D1 is not practiced.
The track geometry measurement should be made on a loaded track as defined in EN 13848-1. It has to
be considered that load changes over time or differences in the load distribution over the chord length
affect the measurement.
Contrarily to the measuring systems fitted to track recording vehicles, the measuring systems fitted to
TCMMs are not required to measure in both orientations.
Any measurements made during the working mode as defined in EN 14033-1:2017 (3.8, 3.9 and 3.10)
shall not constrain the working process of the TCMM e.g. the measuring and the working speed are
complementary.
5.2 Environmental conditions
5.2.1 Introduction
All the measuring devices and hardware components fitted on a TCMM shall produce reliable results
under the environmental conditions specified below.
5.2.2 Climatic conditions
The effects of climatic conditions on components outside and inside the TCMM shall be considered.
These shall include:
— Outside components:
— ambient temperature;
— condensation, particularly with sudden variation of temperature at the entrance or at the exit
of a tunnel;
— possibility of extreme weather conditions (heavy rain, snow, direct sunlight …);
— ambient relative humidity.
— Inside components:
— ambient temperature for operating and storage conditions;
— ambient relative humidity.
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5.2.3 Operating conditions
The effects of operating conditions shall be considered. These shall include:
— ballast or iron fragments impacts;
— grease on the rail;
— reflection condition of the rail;
— characteristic light conditions;
— dust, water and snow in connection with aerodynamic conditions;
— safety requirements (e.g. laser beam);
— vibrations and shocks;
— electromagnetic environment;
— compatibility with signalling and communication systems.
5.3 Track features input
The track features input supports the data analysis (see 5.8) and shall include at least:
— Set of limit values of track geometry parameters as defined by the infrastructure manager
— Line speed
Other inputs can be beneficial as, for example
— Geo-spatial positioning;
— Line side features such as switches, level crossings, bridges, tunnels;
— Track components and track alignment design parameters.
All this data should be able to be entered by manual or automatic means.
5.4 Localization device
Data localization shall be referenced either to track axis or to a reference rail.
The reference point for the data localization system may be the kilometre post or other fixed points.
The localization device gives the TCMM's position along the track and shall fulfil the following functions:
— synchronises the position with the reference point by various methods, using for example the
satellite based positioning system, active or passive beacons, track layout or other singular points;
— measures the distance covered by the TCMM, compensating for any backward movement, and is
generally based on sampling signals, which could be given by a wheel-mounted encoder or any
other equivalent method;
— corrects manually or automatically the inaccuracies caused by:
— wear, sliding, conicity of the TCMM wheels;
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— non-homogeneous reference post distances (e.g. mileposts that are greater or less than one
mile apart);
— uncertainty (refer to EN 13848-1:2019, 3.5) of the distance run transducer.
5.5 Measuring devices
5.5.1 General
Track geometry measuring relies on sensors, signal transmission and signal processing following
various measuring principles as described in Annex B.
The maximum and the minimum speed shall be specified according to the characteristics of the used
TCMM.
The speed range shall be from standstill to the maximum permissible measuring speed of the TCMM if a
chord-type measuring system is used. This maximum permissible measuring speed can be different if
performed during or before/after the work.
If an inertial-type measurement is used, a minimum speed is necessary to measure some parameters.
5.5.2 Sensors
The sensors shall measure in real time the track geometry parameters or their components. In order to
measure the parameters under track loaded conditions, the sensors placed under the vehicle’s frame
should be as close as possible to one of the vehicle’s loaded axles to respect measurement conditions
indicated in EN 13848-1. The sensors can be either contact type or non-contact type sensors.
The sensors’ mechanical and electrical characteristics (frequency response, signal-to-noise ratio, gain,
etc.) shall be adequate to enable the generation of track geometry parameters, independently of the
environmental conditions on the railway network and the working mode.
5.5.3 Signal transmission
Signal transmission comprises of all components which are necessary for data interchange between the
sensors and the signal processing unit.
It shall at least comply with the following requirements:
— no phase shift;
— no distortion of results data;
— compliance with current industry-accepted data interchange standards.
The transmission characteristics shall be appropriate to the maximum measuring speed of the TCMM
and the data volume.
5.6 Resolution
The resolution, as defined in EN 13848-1, shall be ≤ 0,5 mm for every measured principal track
geometric parameter.
5.7 Signal processing
5.7.1 Introduction
A track geometry parameter is obtained from the signals coming from one or several sensors. The signal
processing shall include sampling and can include signal filtering, amplification and calculation.
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5.7.2 Sampling
The sampling for track geometry signals shall be triggered by a distance-based event so that the
measurements are spatially orientated at equidistant intervals along the length of the track.
All measurements shall be sampled at intervals not larger than 0,5 m;
5.7.3 Filtering
If filtering is used, the filter characteristics like the transition (cut-off) wavelength, type of filter and the
rate of attenuation (number of poles) shall be specified.
To prevent aliasing of the data the analogue signal shall be filtered in accordance with the sampling
theorem.
If filters are applied to the recorded track data, they shall have the following main characteristics:
— lower cut-off wavelength, defined at –3 dB, Lo = lower limit of at least wavelength range D1 (for
high-pass and band-pass filters);
— upper cut-off wavelength, defined at –3 dB, Lu = upper limit of at least wavelength range D1 (for
low-pass and band-pass filters);
— to avoid long measurement distances before and after the tamping sections, it is not mandatory to
meet the tolerance bands of EN 13848-1:2019, Annex C.
5.8 Data processing and analysis
5.8.1 General requirements
The data processing system hardware shall be suitable for use aboard a TCMM.
The software shall be flexible and modular in order to facilitate modifications, e.g. filter
implementations or output formats, according to any additional requirements of the infrastructure
manager.
An increase in the number of input signals as well as of the number of calculations made shall be
foreseen in the system design.
To prevent the interruption of the track geometry measurement and the loss of recorded data in case
the measuring hardware power supply fails, an adequate uninterruptible power supply should be
provided.
5.8.2 Data merging
In order to assess the track geometry quality, the track parameters shall be synchronised with track
localization and track features.
5.8.3 Parameter analysis
The parameter analysis shall be performed in order to achieve the data presentation and storage
requirements.
5.9 Data presentation and storage
5.9.1 Operator interface
The operator's system interface shall at least provide the following possibilities:
— access to and modification of the definition of track geometry parameters, their scaling on the
graph and their analysis;
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— access to and modification of the system configuration parameters;
— access to all diagnostic information of the measuring system in order to detect and analyse
malfunctions.
— input of user remarks.
5.9.2 Data presentation
The data shall be presented as a minimum in a graphical way and shall contain:
— the measured parameters;
— the thresholds of each track geometry parameter
— the localization information or distance run from the starting point;
Printing the graphs during the measuring should be facilitated.
Presenting the track features on the graphs should also be facilitated.
5.9.3 Data storage
As a minimum, the following data shall be stored in a prescribed retrievable format:
— measured parameters;
— localization information or distance run from the starting point;
— date and time of the recording run;
— System settings used during measurement, processing and data analysis
— identification of the TCMM;
— user remarks;
If information on measurement validity is available, it should be stored.
Data shall be exportable in an open-standard file format e.g. csv or xml.
5.9.4 Data transmission
The data shall be transferable between the measuring system of the TCMM and external systems.
It should be easily done e.g. using removable storage media, data network or a radio link complying
with an industry standard.
6 Testing of track geometry measuring and recording system
6.1 Introduction
This clause covers actions and procedures, which are necessary to ensure effective operation of both
the measuring devices and the corresponding processing system.
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Compliance shall be demonstrated by the following procedures:
a) Calibration
This ensures an accurate setting of the devices within the track geometry measuring and recording
system.
b) Validation and adjustment
This demonstrates that the whole system complies with the requirements needed to operate correctly
for the measured parameters.
This also ensures that the system continues to operate correctly during routine operations.
The corresponding checks and modifications should be mentioned in a log.
6.2 Calibration
The measuring device shall be calibrated to ensure the continued accuracy of measurements. The
calibration is performed according to a specified process. It shall be carried out by appointment by the
manufacturer or the user.
NOTE Usually the calibration is made before the delivery of the measuring system.
6.3 Validation
6.3.1 Overview
Validation procedure includes the following steps:
— extended validation (see 6.3.2);
— routine validation (see 6.3.3): on a more frequent basis.
6.3.2 Extended validation
6.3.2.1 Overview
After the calibration of the track geometry recording system, a method based on comparison between
different measurement runs on the same section of track shall be used to validate the recording system.
For TCMMs, there exist three extended validation tests:
— the complete test is dedicated to new or modified track geometry measuring systems (see 6.3.2.3);
— an alternative method is dedicated to a copy of systems that have already been tested through the
complete test e.g. for a series of identical track geometry measuring systems (see 6.3.2.4);
— the simplified test is dedicated to regular checks (see 6.3.2.5).
All comparisons of validation tests shall be carried out according to 6.3.2.6.
Before each of these tests, static tests shall be performed (see 6.3.2.2).
In case the characteristics of the TCMMs are very different even if the track geometry measuring system
is the same, complete tests should be carried out.
6.3.2.2 Static tests
Static tests concern mainly track gauge and cross level measurements. This consists of comparing the
measured value with a de
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