SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
(Main)Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes - Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits (ISO 286-1:2010)
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes - Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits (ISO 286-1:2010)
This part of ISO 286 establishes the ISO code system for tolerances to be used for linear sizes of features of the following types: a) cylinder; b) two parallel opposite surfaces. It defines the basic concepts and the related terminology for this code system. It provides a standardized selection of tolerance classes for general purposes from amongst the numerous possibilities. Additionally, it defines the basic terminology for fits between two features of size without constraints of orientation and location and explains the principles of “basic hole” and “basic shaft”.
Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - ISO-Toleranzsystem für Längenmaße - Teil 1: Grundlagen für Toleranzen, Abmaße und Passungen (ISO 286-1:2010)
Dieser Teil von ISO 286 legt ein System von Toleranzen fest, die für Längenmaße von Maßelementen der Arten Zylinder und zwei parallele Ebenen. Es übersetzt zwischen ISO + und - Tolerierung nach ISO 14405 und diesem ISO-System. Es ist nur anwendbar, wenn die Hüllbedingung nach ISO 14405 gültig ist.
Er definiert auch die Grundlagen und zugehörige Terminologie für das System und stellt eine genormte Auswahl von Toleranzklassen für den allgemeinen Gebrauch aus den umfangreichen Möglichkeiten des Systems zur Verfügung.
Es definiert die grundlegende Terminologie für Passungen und erklärt die Prinzipien der "Einheitsbohrung" und "Einheitswelle"
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Systeme de codification ISO pour les tolérances sur les tailles linéaires - Partie 1: Base des tolérances, écarts et ajustements (ISO 286-1:2010)
L'ISO 286-1:2010 établit un système de codification à utiliser pour les tailles des entités dimensionnelles des types suivants: a) cylindre; b) deux surfaces parallèles opposées.
L'ISO 286-1:2010 définit les concepts fondamentaux et la terminologie relative à ce système de codification. Elle fournit une sélection normalisée des classes de tolérances pour usage général parmi les nombreuses possibilités.
En outre, elle définit la terminologie de base pour les ajustements entre deux entités dimensionnelles sans contrainte d'orientation et de position et explique les principes «d'alésage normal» et «d'arbre normal».
Specifikacija geometrijskih veličin izdelka - Tolerančni sistem ISO za dolžinske mere - 1. del: Osnova za tolerance, odstopanja in ujeme (ISO 286-1:2010)
Ta del ISO 286 vzpostavlja tolerančni sistem ISO za uporabo za dolžinske mere oblik naslednjih vrst: a) valj; b) dve vzporedni nasprotni površini. Določa osnovne koncepte in povezano terminologijo za ta kodni sistem. Zagotavlja standardiziran izbor tolerančnih razredov za splošne namene izmed vseh številnih možnosti. Poleg tega definira osnovno terminologijo za ujeme med dvema oblikama velikosti, brez omejitev glede usmerjenosti in lokacije, ter pojasnjuje načela »osnovne odprtine« in »osnovne palice«.
General Information
Relations
Related Packages
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
01-december-2010
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 20286-1:2000
SIST ISO 1829:1999
SIST ISO 286-1:1999
6SHFLILNDFLMDJHRPHWULMVNLKYHOLþLQL]GHOND7ROHUDQþQLVLVWHP,62]DGROåLQVNH
PHUHGHO 2VQRYD]DWROHUDQFHRGVWRSDQMDLQXMHPH ,62
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - ISO code system for tolerances on linear
sizes - Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits (ISO 286-1:2010)
Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - ISO-Toleranzsystem für Längenmaße - Teil
1: Grundlagen für Toleranzen, Abmaße und Passungen (ISO 286-1:2010)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Systeme de codification ISO pour les
tolérances sur les tailles linéaires - Partie 1: Base des tolérances, écarts et ajustements
(ISO 286-1:2010)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 286-1:2010
ICS:
17.040.10 Tolerance in ujemi Limits and fits
17.040.40 6SHFLILNDFLMDJHRPHWULMVNLK Geometrical Product
YHOLþLQL]GHOND *36 Specification (GPS)
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 286-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2010
ICS 17.040.10 Supersedes EN 20286-1:1993
English Version
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - ISO code system for
tolerances on linear sizes - Part 1: Basis of tolerances,
deviations and fits (ISO 286-1:2010)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Système Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - ISO-
de codification ISO pour les tolérances sur les tailles Toleranzsystem für Längenmaße - Teil 1: Grundlagen für
linéaires - Partie 1: Base des tolérances, écarts et Toleranzen, Abmaße und Passungen (ISO 286-1:2010)
ajustements (ISO 286-1:2010)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 February 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 286-1:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
EN ISO 286-1:2010 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
EN ISO 286-1:2010 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 286-1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213 "Dimensional
and geometrical product specifications and verification" in collaboration with Technical Committee
CEN/TC 290 “Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification” the secretariat of which is
held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by October 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 20286-1:1993.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 286-1:2010 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 286-1:2010 without any modification.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 286-1
Second edition
2010-04-15
Geometrical product specifications
(GPS) — ISO code system for tolerances
on linear sizes —
Part 1:
Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Système de
codification ISO pour les tolérances sur les tailles linéaires —
Partie 1: Base des tolérances, écarts et ajustements
Reference number
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2010
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
3.1 Basic terminology .2
3.2 Terminology related to tolerances and deviations .2
3.3 Terminology related to fits .5
3.4 Terminology related to the ISO fit system .9
4 ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes.11
4.1 Basic concepts and designations .11
4.2 Designation of the tolerance class (writing rules) .13
4.3 Determination of the limit deviations (reading rules).14
4.4 Selection of tolerance classes .26
5 ISO fit system.26
5.1 General .26
5.2 Generics of fits .27
5.3 Determination of a fit.27
Annex A (informative) Further information about the ISO system of limits and fits and former
practice.29
Annex B (informative) Examples of the use of ISO 286-1 to determine fits and tolerance classes .31
Annex C (informative) Relationship to the GPS matrix model .36
Bibliography.38
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 286-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product
specifications and verification.
This second edition of ISO 286-1 cancels and replaces ISO 286-1:1988 and ISO 1829:1975, which have been
technically revised.
ISO 286 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geometrical product specifications (GPS) —
ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes:
⎯ Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits
⎯ Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
Introduction
This International Standard is a geometrical product specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a
general GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain links 1 and 2 of the chain of standards on size
in the general GPS matrix.
For more detailed information on the relation of this part of ISO 286 to the GPS matrix model, see Annex C.
The need for limits and fits for machined workpieces was brought about mainly by the requirement for
interchange ability between mass produced parts and the inherent inaccuracy of manufacturing methods,
coupled with the fact that “exactness” of size was found to be unnecessary for the most workpiece features. In
order that fit function could be satisfied, it was found sufficient to manufacture a given workpiece so that its
size lay within two permissible limits, i.e. a tolerance, this being the variation in size acceptable in manufacture
while ensuring the functional fit requirements of the product.
Similarly, where a specific fit condition is required between mating features of two different workpieces, it is
necessary to ascribe an allowance, either positive or negative, to the nominal size to achieve the required
clearance or interference. This part of ISO 286 gives the internationally accepted code system for tolerances
on linear sizes. It provides a system of tolerances and deviations suitable for two features of size types:
“cylinder” and “two parallel opposite surfaces”. The main intention of this code system is the fulfilment of the
function fit.
The terms “hole”, “shaft” and “diameter” are used to designate features of size type cylinder (e.g. for the
tolerancing of diameter of a hole or shaft). For simplicity, they are also used for two parallel opposite surfaces
(e.g. for the tolerancing of thickness of a key or width of a slot).
The pre-condition for the application of the ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes for the features
forming a fit is that the nominal sizes of the hole and the shaft are identical.
The previous edition of ISO 286-1 (published in 1988) had the envelope criterion as the default association
criterion for the size of a feature of size; however, ISO 14405-1 changes this default association criterion to
the two-point size criterion. This means that form is no longer controlled by the default specification of size.
In many cases, the diameter tolerances according to this part of ISO 286 are not sufficient for an effective
control of the intended function of the fit. The envelope criterion according to ISO 14405-1 may be required. In
addition, the use of geometrical form tolerances and surface texture requirements may improve the control of
the intended function.
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 286-1:2010(E)
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — ISO code system
for tolerances on linear sizes —
Part 1:
Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits
1 Scope
This part of ISO 286 establishes the ISO code system for tolerances to be used for linear sizes of features of
the following types:
a) cylinder;
b) two parallel opposite surfaces.
It defines the basic concepts and the related terminology for this code system. It provides a standardized
selection of tolerance classes for general purposes from amongst the numerous possibilities.
Additionally, it defines the basic terminology for fits between two features of size without constraints of
orientation and location and explains the principles of “basic hole” and “basic shaft”.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
1)
ISO 286-2 , Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes —
Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts
ISO 14405-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional tolerancing — Part 1: Linear sizes
ISO 14660-1:1999, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Geometrical features — Part 1: General
terms and definitions
ISO 14660-2:1999, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Geometrical features — Part 2: Extracted
median line of a cylinder and a cone, extracted median surface, local size of an extracted feature
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14405-1 and ISO 14660-1 and the
following apply. It should be noted, however, that some of the terms are defined in a more restricted sense
than in common usage.
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 286-2:1988)
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
3.1 Basic terminology
3.1.1
feature of size
geometrical shape defined by a linear or angular dimension which is a size
[ISO 14660-1:1999, definition 2.2]
NOTE 1 The feature of size can be a cylinder, a sphere, two parallel opposite surfaces.
NOTE 2 In former editions of international standards, such as ISO 286-1 and ISO/R 1938, the meanings of the terms
“plain workpiece” and “single features” are close to that of “feature of size”.
NOTE 3 For the purpose of ISO 286, only features of size type cylinder as well as type-two parallel opposite surfaces,
defined by a linear dimension, apply.
3.1.2
nominal integral feature
theoretically exact integral feature as defined by a technical drawing or by other means
[ISO 14660-1:1999, definition 2.3]
3.1.3
hole
internal feature of size of a workpiece, including internal features of size which are not cylindrical
NOTE See also Introduction.
3.1.4
basic hole
hole chosen as a basis for a hole-basis fit system
NOTE 1 See also 3.4.1.1.
NOTE 2 For the purpose of the ISO code system, a basic hole is a hole for which the lower limit deviation is zero.
3.1.5
shaft
external feature of size of a workpiece, including external features of size which are not cylindrical
NOTE See also Introduction.
3.1.6
basic shaft
shaft chosen as a basis for a shaft-basis fit system
NOTE 1 See also 3.4.1.2.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of the ISO code system, a basic shaft is a shaft for which the upper limit deviation is zero.
3.2 Terminology related to tolerances and deviations
3.2.1
nominal size
size of a feature of perfect form as defined by the drawing specification
See Figure 1.
NOTE 1 Nominal size is used for the location of the limits of size by the application of the upper and lower limit
deviations.
NOTE 2 In former times, this was referred to as “basic size”.
2 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
3.2.2
actual size
size of the associated integral feature
NOTE 1 “Associated integral feature” is defined in ISO 14660-1:1999, 2.6.
NOTE 2 The actual size is obtained by measurement.
3.2.3
limits of size
extreme permissible sizes of a feature of size
NOTE To fulfil the requirement, the actual size shall lie between the upper and lower limits of size; the limits of size
are also included.
3.2.3.1
upper limit of size
ULS
largest permissible size of a feature of size
See Figure 1.
3.2.3.2
lower limit of size
LLS
smallest permissible size of a feature of size
See Figure 1.
3.2.4
deviation
value minus its reference value
NOTE For size deviations, the reference value is the nominal size and the value is the actual size.
3.2.5
limit deviation
upper limit deviation or lower limit deviation from nominal size
3.2.5.1
upper limit deviation
ES (to be used for internal features of size)
es (to be used for external features of size)
upper limit of size minus nominal size
See Figure 1.
NOTE Upper limit deviation is a signed value and may be negative, zero or positive.
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
Key
1 tolerance interval
2 sign convention for deviations
a
Nominal size.
b
Upper limit of size.
c
Lower limit of size.
d
Upper limit deviation.
e
Lower limit deviation (in this case also fundamental deviation).
f
Tolerance.
NOTE The horizontal continuous line, which limits the tolerance interval, represents the fundamental deviations for a
hole. The dashed line, which limits the tolerance interval, represents the other limit deviation for a hole.
Figure 1 — Illustration of definitions (a hole is used in the example)
3.2.5.2
lower limit deviation
EI (to be used for internal features of size)
ei (to be used for external features of size)
lower limit of size minus nominal size
See Figure 1.
NOTE Lower limit deviation is a signed value and may be negative, zero or positive.
3.2.6
fundamental deviation
limit deviation that defines the placement of the tolerance interval in relation to the nominal size
NOTE 1 The fundamental deviation is that limit deviation, which defines that limit of size which is the nearest to the
nominal size (see Figure 1 and 4.1.2.5).
NOTE 2 The fundamental deviation is identified by a letter (e.g. B, d).
4 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 16 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
3.2.7
∆ value
variable value added to a fixed value to obtain the fundamental deviation of an internal feature of size
See Table 3.
3.2.8
tolerance
difference between the upper limit of size and the lower limit of size
NOTE 1 The tolerance is an absolute quantity without sign.
NOTE 2 The tolerance is also the difference between the upper limit deviation and the lower limit deviation.
3.2.8.1
tolerance limits
specified values of the characteristic giving upper and/or lower bounds of the permissible value
3.2.8.2
standard tolerance
IT
any tolerance belonging to the ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes
NOTE The letters in the abbreviated term “IT” stand for “International Tolerance”.
3.2.8.3
standard tolerance grade
group of tolerances for linear sizes characterized by a common identifier
NOTE 1 In the ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes, the standard tolerance grade identifier consists of IT
followed by a number (e.g. IT7); see 4.1.2.3.
NOTE 2 A specific tolerance grade is considered as corresponding to the same level of accuracy for all nominal sizes.
3.2.8.4
tolerance interval
variable values of the size between and including the tolerance limits
NOTE 1 The former term “tolerance zone”, which was used in connection with linear dimensioning (according to
ISO 286-1:1988), has been changed to “tolerance interval” since an interval refers to a range on a scale whereas a
tolerance zone in GPS refers to a space or an area, e.g. tolerancing according to ISO 1101.
NOTE 2 For the purpose of ISO 286, the interval is contained between the upper and the lower limits of size. It is
defined by the magnitude of the tolerance and its placement relative to the nominal size (see Figure 1).
NOTE 3 The tolerance interval does not necessarily include the nominal size (see Figure 1). Tolerance limits may be
two-sided (values on both sides of the nominal size) or one-sided (both values on one side of the nominal size). The case
where the one tolerance limit is on one side, the other limit value being zero, is a special case of a one-sided indication.
3.2.8.5
tolerance class
combination of a fundamental deviation and a standard tolerance grade
NOTE In the ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes, the tolerance class consists of the fundamental
deviation identifier followed by the tolerance grade number (e.g. D13, h9, etc.), see 4.2.1.
3.3 Terminology related to fits
The concepts in this clause relate only to nominal features of size (perfect form). For the model definition of a
nominal feature of size, see ISO 17450-1:—, 3.18.
For the determination of a fit, see 5.3.
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 5
---------------------- Page: 17 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
3.3.1
clearance
difference between the size of the hole and the size of the shaft when the diameter of the shaft is smaller than
the diameter of the hole
NOTE In the calculation of clearance, the obtained values are positive (see B.2).
3.3.1.1
minimum clearance
〈in a clearance fit〉 difference between the lower limit of size of the hole and the upper limit of size of the shaft
See Figure 2.
3.3.1.2
maximum clearance
〈in a clearance or transition fit〉 difference between the upper limit of size of the hole and the lower limit of size
of the shaft
See Figures 2 and 4.
3.3.2
interference
difference before mating between the size of the hole and the size of the shaft when the diameter of the shaft
is larger than the diameter of the hole
NOTE In the calculation of an interference, the obtained values are negative (see B.2).
3.3.2.1
minimum interference
〈in an interference fit〉 difference between the upper limit of size of the hole and the lower limit of size of the
shaft
See Figure 3.
3.3.2.2
maximum interference
〈in an interference or transition fit〉 difference between the lower limit of size of the hole and the upper limit of
size of the shaft
See Figures 3 and 4.
3.3.3
fit
relationship between an external feature of size and an internal feature of size (the hole and shaft of the same
type) which are to be assembled
3.3.3.1
clearance fit
fit that always provides a clearance between the hole and shaft when assembled, i.e. the lower limit of size of
the hole is either larger than or, in the extreme case, equal to the upper limit of size of the shaft
See Figure 2.
3.3.3.2
interference fit
fit that always provides an interference between the hole and the shaft when assembled, i.e. the upper limit of
size of the hole is either smaller than or, in the extreme case, equal to the lower limit of size of the shaft
See Figure 3.
6 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 18 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
3.3.3.3
transition fit
fit which may provide either a clearance or an interference between the hole and the shaft when assembled
See Figure 4.
NOTE In a transition fit, the tolerance intervals of the hole and the shaft overlap either completely or partially;
therefore, if there is a clearance or an interference depends on the actual sizes of the hole and the shaft.
Key
1 tolerance interval of the hole
2 tolerance interval of the shaft, case 1: when the upper limit of size of the shaft is lower than the lower limit of size of
the hole, the minimum clearance is larger than zero
3 tolerance interval of the shaft, case 2: when the upper limit of size of the shaft is identical to the lower limit of size of
the hole, the minimum clearance is zero
a
Minimum clearance.
b
Maximum clearance.
c
Nominal size = lower limit of size of the hole.
NOTE The horizontal continuous wide lines, which limit the tolerance intervals, represent the fundamental deviations.
The dashed lines, which limit the tolerance intervals, represent the other limit deviations.
Figure 2 — Illustration of definitions of a clearance fit (nominal model)
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 7
---------------------- Page: 19 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
Key
1 tolerance interval of the hole
2 tolerance interval of the shaft, case 1: when the lower limit of size of the shaft is identical to the upper limit of size of
the hole, the minimum interference is zero
3 tolerance interval of the shaft, case 2: when the lower limit of size of the shaft is larger than the upper limit of size of
the hole, the minimum interference is larger than zero
a
Maximum interference.
b
Minimum interference.
c
Nominal size = lower limit of size of the hole.
NOTE The horizontal continuous wide lines, which limit the tolerance intervals, represent the fundamental deviations.
The dashed lines, which limit the tolerance intervals, represent the other limit deviations.
Figure 3 — Illustration of definitions of an interference fit (nominal model)
8 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 20 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 286-1:2010
ISO 286-1:2010(E)
Key
1 tolerance interval of the hole
2-4 tolerance interval of the shaft (some possible placements are shown)
a
Maximum clearance.
b
Maximum interference.
c
Nominal size = lower limit of size of the hole.
NOTE The horizontal continuous wide lines, which limit the tolerance interva
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 286-1:2007
01-oktober-2007
6SHFLILNDFLMDJHRPHWULMVNLKYHOLþLQL]GHOND,62WROHUDQþQLVLVWHP]DGROåLQVNH
PHUHGHO 7HPHOML]DWROHUDQFHRGVWRSDQMDLQXMHPH ,62',6
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - ISO code system for tolerances of linear
sizes - Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits (ISO/DIS 286-1:2007)
Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - ISO-Toleranzsystem für Längenmaße - Teil
1: Grundlagen für Toleranzen, Abmaße und Passungen (ISO/DIS 286-1:2007)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Systeme de codification ISO pour les
tolérances sur les tailles linéaires - Partie 1: Base des tolérances, écarts et ajustements
(ISO/DIS 286-1:2007)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 286-1
ICS:
17.040.30 Merila Measuring instruments
oSIST prEN ISO 286-1:2007 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN ISO 286-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2007
ICS 17.040.30 Will supersede EN 20286-1:1993
English Version
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - ISO code system for
tolerances of linear sizes - Part 1: Basis of tolerances,
deviations and fits (ISO/DIS 286-1:2007)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Système Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - ISO-
de codification ISO pour les tolérances sur les tailles Toleranzsystem für Längenmaße - Teil 1: Grundlagen für
linéaires - Partie 1: Base des tolérances, écarts et Toleranzen, Abmaße und Passungen (ISO/DIS 286-
ajustements (ISO/DIS 286-1:2007) 1:2007)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for second parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 290.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 286-1:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
prEN ISO 286-1:2007 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 286-1:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC
213 "Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification" in collaboration with
Technical Committee CEN/TC 290 "Dimensional and geometrical product specification and
verification", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the second parallel Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 20286-1:1993.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/DIS 286-1:2007 has been approved by CEN as prEN ISO 286-1:2007 without
any modifications.
2
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 286-1.2
ISO/TC 213 Secretariat: DS
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2007-06-21 2007-08-21
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — ISO code system
for tolerances of linear sizes —
Part 1:
Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Système de codification ISO pour les tolérances sur les tailles
linéaires —
Partie 1: Base des tolérances, écarts et ajustements
[Revision of first edition (ISO 286-1:1988)]
ICS 17.040.10
ISO/CEN PARALLEL ENQUIRY
The CEN Secretary-General has advised the ISO Secretary-General that this ISO/DIS covers a subject
of interest to European standardization. In accordance with the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as
defined in the Vienna Agreement, consultation on this ISO/DIS has the same effect for CEN
members as would a CEN enquiry on a draft European Standard. Should this draft be accepted, a
final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month FDIS
vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at publication
stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
©
International Organization for Standardization, 2007
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1.2
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall
not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the
unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as permitted
under the applicable laws of the user's country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract from it may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO's
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
©
ii ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
3.1 Basic terminology .2
3.2 Terminology related to tolerances and deviations .3
3.3 Terminology related to fits .6
3.4 Terminology related to the ISO fit system .10
4 ISO code system for tolerances of linear sizes.13
4.1 Basic concepts and designations .13
4.1.1 Relation to ISO 14405.13
4.1.2 Tolerance class.13
4.2 Designation of the tolerance class (Writing rules) .15
4.2.1 General .15
4.2.2 Size and its Tolerance.15
4.2.3 Determination of a tolerance class.15
4.3 Determination of the limit deviations (Reading rules).15
4.3.1 Determination of limit deviations using tables of ISO 286-1.16
4.3.2 Determination of limit deviations using tables of ISO 286-2.19
4.4 Selection of tolerance classes .28
5 Fit system.28
5.1 Generics of fits .28
5.1.1 Designation of fits (Writing rules).28
5.1.2 Determination of the limit deviations (Reading rules).29
5.2 Determination of a fit.29
5.2.1 Practical recommendations for determining a fit .29
5.2.2 Selection of the fit system.29
5.2.3 Determination of a specific fit by experience.29
5.2.4 Determination of a specific fit by calculation.30
Annex A (informative) Further information about the ISO system of limits and fits and former
practice.31
A.1 Former practice of default definition of linear size.31
A.1.1 Detailed interpretation of a toleranced size.31
A.2 Change of default definition of linear size.32
Annex B (informative) Examples of the use of ISO 286-1 to determine fits and tolerance classes .33
B.1 Determination of fits from the limit deviations.33
B.2 Determination of the span of a fit .34
B.3 Determination of a specific tolerance class from calculated fits .36
B.3.1 Magnitude of the tolerance.36
B.3.2 Determination of the deviations and the tolerance class.36
Annex C (informative) Relationship to the GPS matrix model .38
C.1 Information about this International Standard and its use .38
C.2 Position in the GPS matrix model.38
C.3 Related International Standards .38
Bibliography.39
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
ISO 286-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product
specifications and verification.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first editions of ISO 286-1:1988 and ISO 1829:1975, which have
been technically revised.
ISO 286 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) —
ISO code system for tolerances of linear sizes:
⎯ Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits
⎯ Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts
iv © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
Introduction
This International Standard is a Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a
general GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain links 1 and 2 of the chain of standards on size
in the general GPS matrix.
For more detailed information on the relation of this part of ISO 286 to other standards and the GPS matrix
model see Annex C.
The need for limits and fits for machined workpieces was brought about mainly by the requirement for
interchange ability between mass produced parts and the inherent inaccuracy of manufacturing methods,
coupled with the fact that "exactness" of size was found to be unnecessary for the most workpiece features. In
order that fit function could be satisfied, it was found sufficient to manufacture a given workpiece so that its
size lay within two permissible limits, i.e. a tolerance, this being the variation in size acceptable in manufacture
while ensuring the functional fit requirements of the product.
Similarly, where a specific fit condition is required between mating features of two different workpieces, it is
necessary to ascribe an allowance, either positive or negative, to the nominal size to achieve the required
clearance or interference. This International Standard gives the internationally accepted code system for
tolerances of linear sizes. It provides a system of tolerances and deviations suitable for features of size type
cylinder and type two parallel opposite surfaces. The main intention of this code system is the fulfilment of the
function fit.
The term “hole“ or “shaft“ is used to designate features of size type cylinder (e.g. for the tolerancing of
diameter of a hole or shaft) and type two parallel opposite surfaces (e.g. for the tolerancing of thickness of a
key or width of a slot).
The pre-condition for the application of the ISO code system for tolerances of linear sizes for the features
forming a fit is that the nominal sizes of the hole and the shaft are identical.
It has to be noted that the previous edition of ISO 286-1 (published 1988) had the envelope criterion as the
default association criterion for the size of a feature of size, but ISO 14405 changes this default association
criterion to the two-point size criterion. This means that form is no longer controlled by the default specification
of size.
In many cases the diameter tolerances according to this standard are not sufficient for an effective control of
the intended function of the fit. The envelope criterion according to ISO 14405 may be required. In addition the
use of geometrical form tolerances and surface texture requirements may improve the control of the intended
function.
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — ISO code system
for tolerances of linear sizes —
Part 1:
Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits
1 Scope
This part of ISO 286 establishes the ISO code-system for tolerances to be used for linear sizes of features of
size of type cylinder and type two parallel opposite surfaces.
It also defines the basic concepts and the related terminology for this code system. Furthermore, it provides a
standardized selection of tolerance classes for general purposes from amongst the numerous possibilities.
Finally, it defines the basic terminology for fits between two features of size without constrains of orientation
and location and explains the principles of "basic hole" and "basic shaft".
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of,
any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents
indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 286-2:1988, ISO system of limits and fits — Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit
deviations for holes and shafts.
ISO 3534-2:1993, Statistics - Vocabulary and symbols — Part 2: Statistical quality control.
ISO 14253-1:1998, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Inspection by measurement of workpieces
and measuring equipment — Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with
specifications.
1)
ISO 14405:— , Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing — Linear size.
ISO 14660-1:1999, Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) — Geometrical features — Part 1: General
terms and definitions.
International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM). BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, UIPAC, UIPAP,
OIML, 2nd edition, 1993.
1)
under preparation
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Basic terminology
3.1.1
feature of size
geometrical shape defined by a linear or angular dimension which is a size
[ISO 14660-1, 2.2]
NOTE 1 The feature of size can be a cylinder, a sphere, two parallel opposite surfaces.
NOTE 2 In former editions, of International standards, such as ISO 286-1 and ISO 1938, the meanings of the terms
"plain workpiece" and "single features" are close to that of "feature of size".
NOTE 3 For this standard only features of size type cylinder as well as type two parallel opposite surfaces, defined by
a linear dimension, apply.
3.1.2
nominal integral feature
theoretically exact integral feature as defined by a technical drawing or by other means
[ISO 14660-1, 2.3]
3.1.3
hole
internal feature of size of a workpiece, including internal features of size which are not cylindrical
NOTE See also Introduction.
3.1.4
basic hole
hole chosen as a basis for a hole-basis fit system
NOTE 1 See also 3.3.4.1.
NOTE 2 For the purpose of the ISO code system, a basic hole is a hole for which the lower limit deviation is zero.
3.1.5
shaft
external feature of size of a workpiece, including external feature of size which are not cylindrical
NOTE See also Introduction.
3.1.6
basic shaft
shaft chosen as a basis for a shaft-basis fit system
NOTE 1 See also 3.3.4.2.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of the ISO code system, a basic shaft is a shaft for which the upper limit deviation is zero.
2 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
3.2 Terminology related to tolerances and deviations
3.2.1
size
value either of a local size or of a global linear size or of a calculation size or of a rank order size
[ISO 14405, 3.2]
NOTE The size can only be defined on features of size.
3.2.2
nominal size
size of a feature of perfect form as defined by the drawing specification
See Figure 1.
NOTE 1 Nominal size is used for the location of the limits of size by the application of the upper and lower limit
deviations.
NOTE 2 In former times referred to as basic size.
3.2.3
actual size
size of the associated integral feature of size
See ISO 14660-1, 2.6.
NOTE The actual size is obtained by measurement.
3.2.4
limits of size
extreme permissible sizes of a feature of size
NOTE The actual size should lie between the upper and lower limits of size; the limits of size are also included.
3.2.4.1
upper limit of size
ULS
largest permissible size of a feature of size
See Figure 1.
3.2.4.2
lower limit of size
LLS
smallest permissible size of a feature of size
See Figure 1.
NOTE 1 Nominal size is used for the location of the limits of size by the application of the upper and lower limit
deviations.
NOTE 2 In former times referred to as basic size.
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
Key
a nominal size
b upper limit of size
c lower limit of size
d upper limit
deviation
e lower limit
deviation (in this
case also
fundamental
deviation)
f tolerance
g tolerance interval
h sign convention for
deviations
Figure 1 — Illustration of definitions (a hole is used as an example)
3.2.5
deviation
value minus its reference value
[VIM, clause 3.11]
NOTE For size deviations the reference value is the nominal size.
3.2.6
limit deviation
upper limit deviation or lower limit deviation from nominal size
3.2.6.1
upper limit deviation
ES
es
upper limit of size minus nominal size
See Figure 1.
NOTE Upper limit deviation is a signed value and may be negative, zero or positive.
3.2.6.2
lower limit deviation
EI
ei
lower limit of size minus nominal size
See Figure 1.
NOTE Lower limit deviation is a signed value and may be negative, zero or positive.
4 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
3.2.7
fundamental deviation
limit deviation that defines the position of the tolerance interval in relation to the nominal size
NOTE 1 The fundamental deviation is that limit deviation, which defines that limit of size, which is the nearest to the
nominal size (see Figure 1).
NOTE 2 The fundamental deviation is identified by a letter (e.g. B, d).
3.2.8
∆-value
empirical algebraically added to a fixed value to obtain the fundamental deviation
See table 2.
3.2.9
tolerance
difference between the upper and lower tolerance limits
NOTE 1 The tolerance is an absolute quantity without sign.
[ISO 14253-1:1998, 3.1]
NOTE 2 A tolerance may be two-sided or one-sided (maximum permissible value on one side; the other limit value is
zero). The tolerance interval does not necessarily include the nominal value (see Figure 1).
3.2.9.1
tolerance limits
specified values of the characteristic giving upper and/or lower bounds of the permissible value
[ISO 3534-2:1993, 1.4.3]
NOTE 1 For the purpose of this standard the characteristic is the size.
NOTE 2 For the purpose of this standard the tolerance limits are the upper limit of size and the lower limit of size.
3.2.9.2
standard tolerance
IT
any tolerance belonging to the ISO code system for tolerances of linear sizes
NOTE The letters of the symbol IT stand for "International Tolerance" grade.
3.2.9.3
standard tolerance grade
group of tolerances for linear sizes characterised by a common identifier
NOTE 1 In the ISO code system for tolerances of linear sizes, the standard tolerance grade identifier consists of the IT
followed by the grade number (e.g. IT7), see 4.1.2.3.
NOTE 2 A specific tolerance grade is considered as corresponding to the same level of accuracy for all nominal sizes.
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved 5
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
3.2.9.4
tolerance interval
variable values of the characteristic between and including the tolerance limits
[ISO 3534-2:1993, 1.4.5]
NOTE 1 The former term tolerance zone used in connection with linear dimensioning (according to ISO 286-1:1988)
has been changed to tolerance interval since an interval refers to a range on a scale whereas tolerance zone refers in
GPS to a space or an area, e.g. tolerancing according to ISO 1101.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of the ISO system of limits and fits the interval, contained between the upper and the lower
limits of size, defined by the magnitude of the tolerance and its position relative to the nominal size (see figure1).
3.2.9.5
tolerance class
combination of a fundamental deviation and a standard tolerance grade
NOTE In the ISO code system for tolerances of linear sizes, the tolerance class consists of the fundamental deviation
identifier followed by the grade number (e.g. D13, h9, etc), see 4.2.1.
3.3 Terminology related to fits
The concepts in this clause relate only to nominal features of size (perfect form). For the model definition of a
nominal feature of size see ISO 17450-1 clause 3.18.
For the determination of a fit see 5.2.1.
3.3.1
clearance
difference between the size of the hole and the size of the shaft when the diameter of the shaft is smaller than
the diameter of the hole
NOTE In the calculation of clearance the obtained values are positive (see Annex B).
3.3.1.1
minimum clearance
in a clearance fit, the difference between the lower limit of size of the hole and the upper limit of size of the
shaft
See Figure 2.
3.3.1.2
maximum clearance
in a clearance or transition fit, the difference between the upper limit of size of the hole and the lower limit of
size of the shaft
See Figures 2 and 4.
6 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 286-1
Key
a minimum clearance
b maximum clearance
c nominal size
1 tolerance interval of the hole
2 tolerance interval of the shaft, case 1: When the upper
limit of size of the shaft is lower than the lowe
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.