oSIST prEN 442-2:2011

Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test methods and rating

This European Standard defines procedures for determining the standard thermal outputs of heating
appliances fed with water or steam at temperatures below 120 °C, supplied by a remote heat source.
This European Standard specifies the laboratory arrangements and testing methods to be adopted, the
admissible tolerances, the criteria for selecting the samples to be tested and for verifying the conformity of the
current production with the samples tested at the initial test.
This European Standard also defines the additional common data that the manufacturer shall provide to the
trade in order to ensure the correct application of the products.
This European Standard does not apply to independent heating appliances.

Heizkörper und Konvektoren - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren und Leistungsangabe

Diese Europäische Norm legt die Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Norm-Wärmeleistungen von Heizkörpern und Konvektoren zum Betrieb mit Wasser oder Dampf unter 120 °C aus einer getrennten Wärmequelle fest.
Diese Europäische Norm bestimmt die von den Prüflaboratorien zu treffenden Vorkehrungen und die anzuwendenden Prüfverfahren. Die zulässigen Abweichungen, die Kriterien für die Auswahl der Prüflinge und den Nachweis der Übereinstimmung der Werte aus der laufenden Fertigung mit den Ergebnissen des Prüflings aus der Erstprüfung.
Diese Europäische Norm legt auch zusätzliche, einheitliche Angaben fest, die der Hersteller dem Markt zur Verfügung stellen muss, um die richtige Verwendung der Produkte sicherzustellen.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für selbständige Heizgeräte.

Radiateurs et convecteurs - Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai et d'évaluation

La présente Norme européenne définit les procédures de détermination des puissances thermiques
nominales des appareils de chauffage alimentés avec de l'eau ou de la vapeur à des températures inférieures
à 120 °C, fournie par une source de chaleur extérieure.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les dispositifs de laboratoire et les méthodes d'essai à adopter, les
tolérances admissibles, ainsi que les critères pour la sélection des échantillons à soumettre à essai et pour la
vérification de la conformité de la production courante avec les échantillons initialement soumis à essai.
La présente Norme européenne définit également les données additionnelles usuelles que le fabricant doit
stipuler dans sa documentation commerciale afin d'assurer une utilisation correcte des produits.
La présente Norme européenne ne s'applique pas aux dispositifs de chauffage indépendants.

Ogrevala in konvektorji - 2. del: Preskusne metode in vrednotenje rezultatov

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 30-Mar-2011
• ICS: 91.140.10 - Central heating systems
• Technical Committee: OGS - Heating for buildings
• Current Stage: 98 - Abandoned project (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 07-Oct-2013
• Due Date: 12-Oct-2013
• Completion Date: 07-Oct-2013
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/129 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on space heating appliances
• Ref Project: prEN 442-2 - Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test methods and rating

Relations

• Revised: SIST EN 442-2:1997/A2:2004 - Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test Methods and rating
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Revised: SIST EN 442-2:1997/A1:2002 - Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test methods and rating
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Revised: SIST EN 442-2:1997 - Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test methods and rating
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Revised: SIST EN 442-2:1997/A1:2002 - Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test methods and rating
• Effective Date: 18-Oct-2010
• Revised: SIST EN 442-2:1997/A2:2004 - Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test Methods and rating
• Effective Date: 18-Oct-2010
• Revised: SIST EN 442-2:1997 - Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test methods and rating
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008

Overview

oSIST prEN 442-2:2011 is a European Standard developed by CEN that specifies test methods and rating procedures for radiators and convectors used in central heating systems. It focuses on determining the standard thermal outputs of heating appliances operating with hot water or steam at temperatures below 120 °C. These appliances are typically fed by a remote heat source and do not include independent heating units such as self-contained gas or electric heaters.

This standard establishes the laboratory setup, testing procedures, and evaluation criteria to obtain repeatable and reliable thermal performance data. It also defines the requirements for sample selection, conformity verification, and essential manufacturer data to be shared within the supply chain. oSIST prEN 442-2:2011 ensures that heating appliances are tested under consistent conditions for fair comparison and optimal application.

Key Topics

• Scope and Application
  • Applies to radiators and convectors connected to a remote heat source, operating under 120 °C.
  • Excludes independent heating appliances with integral heat sources.
• Definitions
  • Clarifies terms such as radiator, convector, free convection, forced convection, thermal output, type, model, and module.
• Test Methods
  • Specifies apparatus and test system arrangements, including reference installations and master radiators for calibration.
  • Details weighing and electric methods for measuring thermal output.
  • Outlines preparation procedures and measurement accuracy requirements.
• Sample Selection and Conformity
  • Criteria for selecting heating appliances/models for initial and supplementary tests.
  • Procedures for verifying production conformity with tested samples.
  • Acceptable tolerances and repeatability assessments per ISO standards.
• Data Reporting and Manufacturer Obligations
  • Standardized presentation of thermal output results and characteristic equations.
  • Additional technical data manufacturers must provide for product application.
• Quality Assurance
  • Calibration protocols for test instruments and traceability requirements.
  • Guidelines for laboratory competence based on EN 17025.

Applications

oSIST prEN 442-2:2011 serves as a foundational reference for:

• Manufacturers of radiators and convectors to accurately determine and declare thermal outputs.
• Testing laboratories implementing standardized procedures to ensure test validity and repeatability.
• Product certification bodies confirming compliance with European thermal performance standards.
• Design engineers and specifiers selecting heating appliances with confidence about their efficiency and suitability.
• Distributors and trade professionals relying on precise, comparable performance data to inform customers.

Adhering to oSIST prEN 442-2:2011 helps assure consistent product quality, promotes fair market competition, and supports energy-efficient heating system design.

Related Standards

• EN 442-1: Technical specifications and requirements for radiators and convectors – Complements oSIST prEN 442-2:2011 by establishing product features and safety criteria.
• EN 17025: General requirements for testing laboratories – Provides the framework for laboratory competency and quality assurance.
• ISO 5725: Precision of measurement methods and results – Guides the determination of repeatability and reproducibility in thermal output testing.
• EN 10088-1: Stainless steels – Relevant for materials used in radiator construction.
• prEN 442-3: Evaluation of conformity – Specifies methods for ongoing product conformity assessment based on initial tests.

Keywords

Radiators and convectors, thermal output, heating appliances, test methods, laboratory testing, conformity verification, central heating systems, forced convection, free convection, thermal performance rating, EN 442-2, CEN standard, European Standard, heat emitter, HVAC testing

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2011
Ogrevala in konvektorji - 2. del: Preskusne metode in vrednotenje rezultatov
Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test methods and rating
Heizkörper und Konvektoren - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren und Leistungsangabe
Radiateurs et convecteurs - Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai et d'évaluation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 442-2
ICS:
91.140.10 Sistemi centralnega Central heating systems
ogrevanja
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2010
ICS 91.140.10 Will supersede EN 442-2:1996
English Version
Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test methods and rating
Radiateurs et convecteurs - Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai et Heizkörper und Konvektoren - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren und
d'évaluation Leistungsangabe
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 130.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 442-2 rev:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Definitions . 6
4 Symbols and units of measurement . 8
5 Selection of heating appliances to be tested . 10
5.1 Classification . 10
5.2 Selection of models to be tested for determining the thermal outputs of a type . 10
5.3 Testing samples submission and identification . 12
5.4 Supplementary test . 16
6 Laboratory arrangements and test methods . 16
6.1 Principle . 16
6.2 Apparatus . 16
6.2.1 Test system . 16
6.2.2 Reference test installation . 16
6.2.3 Master radiators . 18
6.2.4 Verification of test installation repeatability and reproducibility . 23
6.2.5 Accuracy of measuring instruments and devices . 28
6.2.6 Calibration of measuring instruments . 28
6.3 Preparation for thermal output test. 28
6.4 Test methods . 29
6.4.1 General . 29
6.4.2 Weighing method . 29
6.4.3 Electric method . 29
6.4.4 Measurements and calculations . 29
6.4.5 Determination of the characteristic equation . 32
6.5 Presentation of results . 32
6.5.1 Standard thermal output of a model . 32
6.5.2 Determination of the catalogue outputs of a type made at variable water flow rate. . 33
7 Test report . 33
Annex A (normative) Master radiators dimensional verification . 35
Annex B (informative) Determination of pressure drop . 40
B.1 Pressure drop equation of a type . 40
B.1.1 Pressure drop characteristic equation of a model . 41
B.2 Test method . 41
B.2.1 Test circuit . 41
B.2.2 Pressure tappings . 41
B.3 Test procedure . 41
B.3.1 Setting up . 41
B.4 Measurements of differential pressures using an inverted U tube manometer . 41
B.4.1 Techniques of measurement . 42
B.4.2 Surface tension effect . 42
B.4.3 Leakage . 42
B.4.4 Air pockets in connecting piping . 42
B.4.5 Blocked pressure holes . 42
B.4.6 Level of inlet and outlet connections. 42
B.4.7 Damping (throttling) of excessive movement (oscillation) of inverted U tube manometer
liquid . 42
Annex C (normative) Least squares regression for a model . 46
Annex D (normative) Analysis of test results by the method of least squares multiple regression . 47
Annex E (normative) Specimen of the test report . 49
Annex F (informative) Apparatus and method for checking the bulk temperature measuring
devices . 52
Annex G (informative) Examples of typical appliances according to table 4 . 54
Annex H (normative) Determination of the ΦM values of the master radiators primary set . 64
Annex J (normative) Traceability of the thermal output measurement of radiators and convectors . 65
J.1 Scope . 65
J.2 Thermal output traceability . 65
J.2.1 Reference test installations . 65
J.2.2 Approved test installations . 66
J.3 Handling of the Master radiator sets . 66
Annex K (normative) Calibration Procedure . 67
K.1 RRT Organizational course. . 67
K.2 Test procedure and submission of results . 67
K.3 Test analysis and assessment . 68
Annex L (normative) Pretreatment and paint testing method . 70

Foreword
This document (prEN 442-2:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 130 “Space heating
appliances without integral heat sources”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 442-2:1996, EN 442-2:1996/A1:2000, EN 442-2:1996/A2:2003.
This European Standard comes from an output of the project SMT4 - CT97 - 2127 funded by the European
Commission DGXII-RDT.
Introduction
This European Standard results from the recognition that the heating appliances falling into the field of
application hereinafter stated are traded on the basis of their thermal output.
To evaluate and compare different appliances it is therefore necessary to refer to a single stipulated value,
hereinafter called the standard thermal outputs.
The standard thermal outputs are defined value taken from the characteristic equation.
The pre-requisites of the standard thermal outputs, as defined by this European Standard, are the following:
 to be representative of the actual output of the appliance in different operating conditions;
 to be reproducible within the tolerances defined by this European Standard, taking into account the state
of measuring techniques;
 to be representative of the thermal output, obtainable under the same test conditions, of any identical
sample taken out of the current production (within the tolerances defined by this European Standard taking
into account the state of measuring techniques and methods of manufacture).
This European Standard for radiators and convectors consists of the following Parts:
 Part 1: Technical specifications and requirements
 Part 2: Test methods and rating
 Part 3: Evaluation of conformity

1 Scope
This European Standard defines procedures for determining the standard thermal outputs of heating
appliances fed with water or steam at temperatures below 120 °C, supplied by a remote heat source.
This European Standard specifies the laboratory arrangements and testing methods to be adopted, the
admissible tolerances, the criteria for selecting the samples to be tested and for verifying the conformity of the
current production with the samples tested at the initial test.
This European Standard also defines the additional common data that the manufacturer shall provide to the
trade in order to ensure the correct application of the products.
This European Standard does not apply to independent heating appliances.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.

EN 442-1 Radiators and convectors - Part 1: Technical specifications and requirements
EN 10088-1 Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
EN 17025 General criteria for the operation of testing laboratories
ISO 31-4 Quantities and units - Part 4: Heat
ISO 5725 Precision of test methods -Determination of repeatability and reproducibility for a standard
test method by inter-laboratory tests
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply:

3.1 heating appliance
A device having the purpose of transferring heat in order to provide specific temperature conditions inside
buildings.
3.2 independent heating appliance
A self-contained heating appliance which does not need to be connected to a remote heat source (e.g. a
boiler) as it contains its own heat source (e.g. gas fired appliances, electric appliances, heat pump
appliances).
3.3 radiator
A heating appliance which emits heat by free convection and radiation. Radiators can be produced with
different materials (e.g. steel, aluminium, cast-iron) and with different designs (e.g. plate type, column type,
tube type).
3.4 sectional heating appliances (mainly applied to radiators)
A heating appliance manufactured in sections of identical design and traded in this form which can be joined
together into modular assemblies so that the desired output can be obtained.
3.5 free convection heating appliance
A heating appliance which does not contain a fan or similar device to activate the air flow over heat emitter
(see 3.6 and 3.7).
3.6 forced convection heating appliance
A heating appliance which requires the action of a fan or similar device to blow or draw air over the heat
emitter.
3.7 convector
A heating appliance which emits heat almost entirely by free convection. A convector comprising at least a
heat emitter and a casing which provides an unheated convective chimney of defined height.
3.8 fan-assisted radiator or convector
A radiator or a convector equipped with a fan to increase the convective heat emission, characterized by two
thermal outputs, one with the fan off and the other with the fan in operation.
3.9 height of the unheated convective chimney
The vertical distance between the lowest edge of the convector and the bottom of the air outlet section.
It applies to convectors only, being a main factor influencing their thermal output.
3.10 wet heating surface; primary heating surface
The portion of the heat emitting surface which is always in contact with the primary fluid (water or steam).
3.11 dry heating surface; secondary heating surface
The portion of the heat emitting surface which is in contact with air only (e.g. fins projecting from the wet
surface).
3.12 family of heating appliances
A group of heating appliances of similar design and construction and of identical material, positions of primary
fluid connections and other related variables that particularly affect the conditions of flow of the primary fluid
within the heating appliance.
3.13 type of heating appliances
A group of at least three heating appliances of similar design whose cross-section remains unchanged while
the height or length varies or which have a systematic variation of only one characteristic dimension of the dry
heating surfaces providing that this does not affect the water side (e.g. the height of convector fins on panel
radiator).
3.14 model
Heating appliance of defined height, length and depth within a type.
3.15 range of heights
Difference between the maximum and minimum height of the models in a type.
3.16 module of heating appliances
The reference length of the useful portion of a heating appliance. In the case of sectional heating appliances
the module coincides with the section.
In the case of non-sectional heating appliances a length of 1 m is assumed as the module. In the case of
convectors, a length of 1 m of the heat emitter (not the casing) is assumed as the module.
The thermal output of any model can be obtained by multiplying the thermal output of the module by the
number of sections or the length of the heating appliance in metres, as appropriate.
3.17 sample
A heating appliance whose thermal output shall be determined or has been determined; its dimensions
shall not deviate from the data indicated in the production drawings by more than the dimensional tolerances
specified in this European Standard
3.18 inlet water temperature
The bulk temperature of the water entering the heating appliance.
3.19 outlet water temperature
The bulk temperature of the water leaving the heating appliance.
3.20 temperature drop
The difference between inlet and outlet water temperature.
3.21 mean water temperature
The arithmetical mean of inlet and outlet water temperature.
3.22 reference air temperature
The air temperature measured on the vertical line at the centre of the test booth, 0,75 m above the floor level.
3.23 excess temperature
Difference between mean water temperature and reference air temperature.
3.24 standard excess temperature
The excess temperature of 50 K as determined in the standard conditions (inlet water temperature of 75 °C,
outlet water temperature of 65 °C and reference air temperature of 20 °C).
3.25 standard excess low temperature
The excess temperature of 30 K at standard flow rate .
3.26 air pressure
The air pressure measured at the test place.
3.27 standard air pressure
It is defined as 101,325 kPa (1,01325 bar).
3.28 water flow rate
The amount of water flowing through the heating appliance per unit of time.
3.29 standard water flow rate
The water flow rate relating to standard test conditions.
3.30 standard rated thermal output
The thermal output of a heating appliance defined at 50 K excess temperature
3.31 standard low temperature thermal output
The thermal output of a heating appliance defined at 30 K excess temperature.
3.32 characteristic equation
The equation that gives the thermal output as a function of the excess temperature at constant water flow rate.
The characteristic equation is a power function with a specific characteristic exponent.
3.33 standard characteristic equation
The characteristic equation which is valid for standard water flow rate and from which the standard thermal
output can be found for the standard excess temperature of 50 K.
3.34 regression equation of a type
The equation which gives the standard thermal outputs and the characteristic exponent of all the models
within a type as a function of one characteristic dimension. The regression equation for the determination of
thermal outputs is a power function, in which the characteristic exponent is a linear function of the
characteristic dimension.
3.35 standard thermal output of the module
The standard thermal output of a model divided either by the number of sections or by the length in metres.
3.36 test pressure
Pressure to which the heating appliance is submitted during the manufacturing process (i.e. factory test
pressure).
3.37 maximum operating pressure
The maximum system pressure to which the heating appliance may be submitted as stated by manufacturer.
3.38 maximum operating temperature
The maximum inlet water temperature allowed by the manufacturer.
3.30 test installation
The combination of:
 test booth and other related parts;
 measuring instruments and related equipment.
3.40 test system
The combination of:
 test installation;
 master radiators.
3.41 test systems circuit
A group of test systems convened to comply with the specifications and procedures of this European Standard
and to a periodical comparison of test results.
3.42 repeatability of a test installation
Capability of one test installation to provide test results on one given master radiator within the tolerance
specified by this European Standard (see 6.2.4).
3.43 reproducibility of a test installation
Capability of different test installations to provide test results on one given set of master radiators within the
tolerance specified by this European Standard (see 6.2.4).
3.44 pressure drop
The difference of pressure between water inlet and water outlet of the heating appliance.
3.45 standard pressure drop
The drop in pressure between inlet and outlet of the appliance heat emitter on the primary fluid side, when the
appliance is fed at the standard water flow rate.

3.46 supplementary test
A test for the purpose of establishing the effect of minor technical modifications on the thermal output of
radiators that have already been tested.
(not mentioned in the text of the standard)
4 Symbols and units of measurement
Table 1 — Symbols, quantity and units of measurement
Quantity Symbol Unit
Thermal output Φ
W
Standard thermal output Φ
S
W
Modular thermal output Φ
L
W
Reference value of a master radiator Φ
W
Reference value of a primary set of master radiators for interlaboratory
Φ
M
comparisons
W
Electrical method heat losses Φ
V
W
Electric power
P W
el
Thermodynamic temperature
T K
Temperature
t °C
Inlet water temperature
t °C
Outlet water temperature
t °C
Temperature drop
t -t K
1 2
Mean water temperature
t °C
m
Reference room air temperature
t °C
r
Excess temperature
∆T K
Specific heat capacity
c J/kg K
p
Specific enthalpy
h J/kg
Inlet water enthalpy
h J/kg
Outlet water enthalpy
h J/kg
Water flow rate
q kg/s
m
Standard water flow rate
q kg/s
ms
Pressure
p kPa
Maximum operating pressure
p kPa
max
Pressure drop
∆p kPa
Repeatability tolerance
S ──
Reproducibility tolerance
S ──
m
Overall height of the heating appliance
H m
Range of heights
H m
r
Overall length of the heating appliance
L m
Length of a section
L m
S
Number of sections
N ──
S
Thermal resistance
R m K/W
Time interval
τ s
5 Selection of heating appliances to be tested
5.1 Classification
5.1.1 Heating appliances shall be grouped into families and types according to the definition in this European
Standard. A family can include different types.

5.1.2 For the purposes of determining catalogue outputs, a family shall be divided into a number of separate
types (in a family of radiators there may, for example, be single or double panels, with or without convector
surfaces, using the same basic components).

5.1.3 The output of each model shall not be greater than 3500 W and the minimum thermal output of the
selected model shall be not less than 200 W at standard rated excess temperature.
On request of the manufacturer lower thermal output could be tested and the deviation from the previous
requirements shall be registered in the test report.

5.2 Selection of models to be tested for determining the thermal outputs of a type
5.2.1 Selection of models to be tested when the variable characteristic dimension is the overall height and the
cross-section of the variable part is constant.
5.2.1.1 When a type includes only models of height 300 mm and greater, the models to be tested within that
type shall be selected in accordance with 5.2.1.2 to 5.2.1.5.
If the type also includes heights below 300 mm the minimum height below 300 mm shall be tested in addition
to the above models to be selected in accordance with 5.2.1.2 to 5.2.1.5.
For a type in which all heights are below 300 mm, only the minimum and the maximum height shall be tested.
5.2.1.2 The minimum number of models to be tested within a type is determined by the range of heights as
shown in table 2.
Table 2 — Minimum number of models to be tested

Range of heights ( m ) Number of models
H = H - H to be tested
r max min
≤ 1 m 3
> 1 m 4
5.2.1.3 The minimum length of the models to be tested shall be 1 m or the closest to 1 m. In the case of
sectional radiators, having height H < 1 m, the minimum number of sections shall be 10 or the minimum
length 0,8 m. For sectional radiator having height greater than 1 m the minimum length shall be 0,45 m.
5.2.1.4 In the case of H ≤ 1 m, the models to be tested shall be three; the minimum and maximum height of
r
the range and an intermediate height so that H is equal, to or the closest value greater than:
int
H = H - ×H
int
max 2 r
where H is the maximum height of the type.
max
5.2.1.5 In the case of 1 m < H ≤ 2,5 m, the models to be tested shall be four; the minimum and maximum
r
height of the range and two intermediate heights so that H and H are the closest values respectively to:
int1 int2
H = H - ×H
int1
max 3 r
And H = H - ×H
int 2
max 3 r
5.2.2 Selection of models to be tested when the variable characteristic dimension for the type is other than
the overall height.
The minimum number of models to be tested is three, having the same overall height and respectively, the
minimum, intermediate and maximum value of the relevant characteristic dimension (see 5.2.1.4).
The measured values shall be used to determine the characteristic equation of the type.
For the equation to be valid, all the measured thermal outputs shall fall within ±2 % of the prediction of the
equation.
If any value falls outside this range, the type shall be divided and new equations derived for each subset of the
results.
5.2.2.1  Selection of models to be tested when a type includes horizontal parallel flow models.
This procedure applies to tubular radiator classified as “ towel or bathroom radiators", according to figure G.3
If a type includes horizontal, parallel flow models with different heights and lengths, output of models having
L and L respectively shall be tested. If there are more than 3 heights, the thermal output for all heating
min max
appliances having L and L respectively shall be established using the respective characteristic equation.
min max
For each height, the thermal output for models having length included between L and L shall be linearly
min max
interpolated. The adopted procedure shall be noted in the test report.

5.2.2.2  Straight or curved towel or bathroom radiator.
For “towels and bathroom radiators” having similar external size (height, length, external diameter of the
tubes) and different shape of horizontal tube (straight or curved):
If it is proved by at least 2 tests that the difference between the thermal output of the model having straight
tube and the model having curved tube, is within +/- 4,0 % , then the catalogue data of the models having
curved tube can be assumed equal to the equivalent models having straight tubes.
5.2.2.3   Towel and bathroom radiator water circulation
For “towel and bathroom radiator” having the same external size (height, length, depth and external diameter
of the tube) but different internal circulation of the hot water, if it is proved by at least 2 tests that the
difference between the thermal output of the models having different internal circulation is within +/- 4,0 % ,
then the catalogue data of all the models can be assumed to be equal. If the difference exceeds +/- 4,0 % the
models are classified as different type and so tested for any specific internal water circulation.

5.2.2.4   Different surface treatments  (chromed, polished, etc.)
Models having same external size (height, length, depth and external diameter of the tube) but different
surface treatment (i.e.: painted, chromed or mechanically polished), shall be tested as follows :
Models painted and chromed shall be tested according to EN 442-2 point 5.2
For models having other surface treatments (for example: satinated or polished) the minimum number of
samples to be tested shall be defined as follow:
1) for each other type, two models, having the minimum and the maximum heat output as
measured on painted model, shall be tested only to determine the less favourable reduction coefficient;
2) the thermal output of all the models, shall be calculated using the reduction coefficient
determined according point 1) .

5.2.2.5 On request of manufacturers the influence of water flow rate on thermal output shall be verified.
For models in which the mass flow rate has influence on the thermal output additional characteristics must be
tested, setting half and double standard mass flow.

5.3 Testing samples submission and identification
5.3.1 On initial application for the testing of a family of heating appliances, or of a type within a family, heating
appliance samples and product drawings shall be submitted to the testing laboratory.
Product drawings shall be submitted by the manufacturer
5.3.2 The product drawings shall:
 show all dimensions and features having an influence on the heat emission, including the detail of welds
or other assembly methods used;
 state the type of material and the nominal material thicknesses of an wet or dry surfaces, with the
thickness tolerances, and type of paint.
5.3.3 Before proceeding with the thermal output testing, the laboratory shall identify the appliance against the
drawing and shall note conformity of the sample with the drawing in respect of:
 dimensional tolerances given in table 3;
 material thickness tolerances of convective surfaces, shown on the product drawings.
The laboratory shall also measure the mass and the water content of the sample models. The relevant values
shall be reported in the test report.
The models for test shall be selected as specified in 5.2 of this European Standard.
5.3.4 Samples of heating appliances already in production shall be taken from the production line or
manufacturer's stock by the laboratory or its authorized representative.
Samples of prototype appliances shall be submitted by the manufacturer.

Table 3 — Dimensional tolerances
dimensions in millimetres or %
STEEL RADIATORS CAST EXTRUDED CAST FINNED TUBE CONVECTORS
ALUMINIUM ALUMINIUM
(1)
Overall height of IRON
Panel Radiators Tubular Sectional Lamellar
heat exchanger (per section) (per section)
(per section)
H ≤ 250   ± 3,0
250 < H ≤ 500   ± 3,5  Height of

Casing
± 2,5 ± 2,5 (HC
500 < H
+ 4 / - 2 + 4 / - 2 ± 2 + 4 / - 2
H ≤ 600 ± 4,0
+4 / -2
600 < H ≤ 900 + 5 / - 2 + 5 / - 2 ± 2 + 5 / - 2
+5 / -2
900 < H + 6 / - 2 + 6 / - 2 ± 2 + 6 / - 2
+6 / -2
Overall Depth of
heat exchanger
Depth of Casing +4 / -3
(TC,
All measures
+ 4 / - 3 ± 1,5 ± 2 ± 2 ± 0,65 + 0 / - 1

D ≤ 100  ± 2
100 < D ± 3
Curved models ± 5 ± 5
Overall Length of
heat exchanger
Length of
Casing
(LC)
All measures
± 1,5 % ± 1,5 % ± 1,5 % ± 1,5 % ± 0,65 ± 0,2

+/- 5
L ≤ 1000    ± 5
+/- 0,5%
1000 < L ± 0,5 %
Height of
convector surfaces
+/- 1
+ 3 / - 1,5 + 3 / - 1,5 + 3 / - 1,5 + 0,2 / - 0 + 0,2 / - 0,8 Height of fins
(HF)
Depth of convector
surfaces Depth of fins +/- 1,5
(DF)
± 1,5 ± 2 ± 1,5 + 0,2 / - 0 + 0,2 / - 0,8

+/- 2
Distance  ± 0,5 ± 0,5 + 0 / - 1,2 + 0,8 / - 1,2
between
connection
centre
Material +/- 0,06 +/- 0,06 Material +/- 0,05
thickness of thickness of fins
convectors (TF)
Number of fins +/- 5%
(NF)
Finned length +/- 5%
Distance casing +/- 5
to fins (TA)
Distance casing +/- 5
to fins (BA)
1)
For tubular radiators, height refers to the dimension across header sections regardless of orientation of wall mountings.

5.4 Supplementary test
Upon manufacturer's request minor technical modifications may be investigated.
The testing laboratory investigates the effect of the change on heat output .
If the supplementary test reveals a deviation within +/- 4,0 % of the measured standard thermal output, the
manufacturer may declare the old value of the standard thermal output.
If the difference exceeds +/- 4,0 % the models are classified as a different type in accordance with 5.2.
The findings of the supplementary test have to be demonstrated as follows:
- in the case of an assessment based on a visual check: by a written confirmation with the reference to
the new drawing submitted by the manufacturer

- in the case of measurements: by a complete test report

6 Laboratory arrangements and test methods
6.1 Principle
The aim of the test is to determine the standard thermal outputs of the heating appliance using its standard
characteristic equation, which is to be obtained according to 6.4.5.

6.2 Apparatus
6.2.1 Test system
For the purposes of this European Standard, a test system shall consist of:
a) a test installation;
b) a set of three master radiators built according to 6.2.3.
For the purposes of this European Standard, test installations are classified as reference and approved.

6.2.2 Reference test installation
The reference test installation shall contain the following equipment:
a) a closed unventilated booth comprising the test space within which the heating appliance under test is to
be installed, equipped with water cooled surfaces to maintain specific thermal conditions independent of the
external ambient, built according to 6.2.2.1;
b) apparatus for cooling the water circulating in the walls of the closed booth;
c) a primary heating circuit feeding the appliance under test, built in accordance with 6.4;
d) measuring and checking instruments complying with the requirements of 6.2.5 and 6.2.6.
6.2.2.1 Reference test booth
6.2.2.1.1 Test booth dimensions
The test booth shall have the following internal dimensions:
 length: (4 ± 0,02) m;
 width:  (4 ± 0,02) m;
 height: (3 ± 0,02) m.
6.2.2.1.2 Test booth construction
The test booth shall be constructed with sandwich panels cooled by water (see figure 1). The internal surface
of the booth shall be smooth and made from flat sheets of steel. The sandwich panels (see figures 1 and 2)
are made up of:
 a steel panel, water cooled;
 insulating foam injected between the steel panel and an external steel sheet, to form a single
self-supporting body;
 an external steel sheet, 0,6 mm nominal thickness.
The steel water cooled panels (see figure 3) are made up of two sheets welded together:
 one flat having 2 mm thickness;
 the other of 1 mm thickness having undulating shape to form waterways with a cross-section
approximately 150 mm .
The thickness of the insulating foam layer shall be 80 mm. The minimum overall thermal resistance of each
wall, floor and ceiling shall be 2,5 m K/W The wall behind the appliance under test is made by the same
sandwich panels but it is disconnected from the cooling system (the steel panels are empty). The inside
surfaces of the test booth shall be covered with a dull paint having an emissivity of at least 0,9. The panels are
assembled so that the structure of the test booth is self-supporting, without thermal bridges (see figure 4). The
connections of the cooling panels to the circuit are made following a three-pipe circuit scheme (see figure 5).
The holes allowing water and electric connections with the outside of the test booth are provided with devices
for air tightness.
6.2.2.1.3 Tightness of the test booth
The test booth construction shall be sufficiently tight to prevent uncontrolled air infiltration.
6.2.2.1.4 Cooling system
The water cooling system shall be designed in such a manner that at the highest admissible output of the
testing appliance, the temperature difference occurring on the cooled internal surfaces of the test booth will not
be more than ± 0,5 K compared with the average temperature of all cooled surfaces. In order to assure this,
each panel shall be supplied with a flow rate of at least 80 kg/h per m of internal surface. This condition is a
pre-requisite for operating the test booth.
During the tests the average temperature of the cooled internal surface shall be regulated so that the
reference air temperature will be (20 ± 0,5) °C and will comply with steady state conditions.
The surface average temperature is the mean of the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the relevant
surface.
6.2.2.2 Measurements in the booth
6.2.2.2.1 Temperature measurements in the booth
Temperature measurements shall be made in the booth: - to determine the reference room temperature;
- to monitor the thermal state of the test installation.
6.2.2.2.2 Air temperature measuring points
On the central vertical axis of the booth:
a) at the reference air temperature point 0,75 m from the floor,
b) at the following additional points:
0,05 m from the floor,
1,50 m from the floor,
0,05 m from the ceiling.
Dimensions in mm
Figure 1 — Sandwich panel cooled by water
6.2.2.2.3 Temperatures of the internal surfaces
On the back beside wall apart from the central point, a point on the centre axis at 0,5 m from the floor.
The surface temperatures (excluding those of the wall behind the heating appliance) shall be maintained within
a ± 0,3 K spread.
6.2.2.2.4 Other measurements
Air pressure.
6.2.3 Master radiators
6.2.3.1 General
The purposes of the master radiators are the following:
a) to verify that the reproducibility of test values among test installations is within the limits set by this
European Standard;
b) to verify that reference and approved test installations give test results within the limits set by this
European Standard;
c) to establish a common basis for all test installations in verifying that the repeatability of test values in
each laboratory is within the limits set by this European Standard.

To verify the reproducibility among test installations
built to the present European Standard, a single set of master radiators constructed and verified according
to the present European Standard will be circulated among reference test installations to determine the
respective Φ and Φ values (see 6.2.4.3.3).
0 M
This single set of master radiators is named “primary set”. Each laboratory shall equip itself with a set of
master radiators constructed and verified to the present European Standard. This set, named “secondary
set”, shall be used to verify the repeatability of the test installation. The secondary set of one reference test
booth, shall be used to verify the reproducibility of approved test installations.

Dimensions in mm
Figure 2 — Sandwich panel cooled by water with hole for external connections
Dimensions in mm
Figure 3 — Steel water cooled panel cross-section
Figure 4 — Panel assembly
Figure 5 — Cooling circuits
6.2.3.2 Determination of Φ . and Φ values of master radiators (primary set)
0 M
Each reference test installation shall state a single Φ reference value for each master radiator. This Φ reference
0 0
value may be derived from the results of more than one test.
A mean value shall be calculated from the reference values stated by the reference test installations, having
discarded aberrant values. This shall be taken as the reference value Φ of each master radiator. The Φ reference
M 0
value, submitted by each reference test installation shall be within ±1 % (S tolerance), of the reference value Φ
m M
for each master radiator.
6.2.3.3 Dimensions
The main dimensions of the three master radiators are given in figures 6, 7, 8.

6.2.3.4 Material
)
The master radiators sha
...