SIST ISO 14385-1:2019
Stationary source emissions - Greenhouse gases - Part 1: Calibration of automated measuring systems
Stationary source emissions - Greenhouse gases - Part 1: Calibration of automated measuring systems
ISO 14385-1:2014 specifies the procedures for establishing quality assurance for automated measuring systems (AMS) installed on industrial plants for the determination of the concentration of greenhouse gases in flue and waste gas and other flue gas parameters.
ISO 14385-1:2014 specifies a procedure to calibrate the AMS and determine the variability of the measured values obtained by an AMS, which is suitable for the validation of an AMS following its installation.
ISO 14385-1:2014 is designed to be used after the AMS has been accepted according to the procedures specified in ISO 14956.
Émissions de sources fixes - Gaz à effet de serre - Partie 1: Étalonnage des systèmes de mesurage automatiques
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Toplogredni plini - 1. del: Kalibracija avtomatskih merilnih sistemov
Ta dokument določa postopke za vzpostavitev ravni zagotavljanja kakovosti avtomatskih merilnih sistemov (AMS) v industrijskih obratih za določanje koncentracije toplogrednih plinov v dimovodih ter odpadnih plinov in drugih parametrov dimnega plina. Ta del standarda ISO 14385 določa postopek za kalibracijo avtomatskih merilnih sistemov in določitev spremenljivosti izmerjenih vrednosti, pridobljenih iz avtomatskih merilnih sistemov, ki je primeren za potrjevanje avtomatskega merilnega sistema po njegovi namestitvi. Ta del standarda ISO 14385 je zasnovan tako, da se uporablja po tem, ko je avtomatski merilni sistem potrjen in sprejet v skladu s postopki, določenimi v standardu ISO 14956.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2019
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Toplogredni plini - 1. del: Kalibracija avtomatskih
merilnih sistemov
Stationary source emissions - Greenhouse gases - Part 1: Calibration of automated
measuring systems
Émissions de sources fixes - Gaz à effet de serre - Partie 1: Étalonnage des systèmes
de mesurage automatiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 14385-1:2014
ICS:
13.020.40 Onesnaževanje, nadzor nad Pollution, pollution control
onesnaževanjem in and conservation
ohranjanje
13.040.40 Emisije nepremičnih virov Stationary source emissions
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14385-1
First edition
2014-08-01
Stationary source emissions —
Greenhouse gases —
Part 1:
Calibration of automated measuring
systems
Émissions de sources fixes — Gaz à effet de serre —
Partie 1: Étalonnage des systèmes de mesurage automatiques
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 5
4.1 Symbols . 5
4.2 Abbreviations . 6
5 Principle . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Limitations . 6
5.3 Measurement site and installation . 7
5.4 Testing laboratories performing SRM measurements . 8
6 Calibration and validation of the AMS . 8
6.1 General . 8
6.2 Functional test . 8
6.3 Calibration and validation of multiple/complex measurement systems . 8
6.4 Parallel measurements with an SRM . 9
6.5 Procedure: calibration and validation of the AMS by means of parallel measurements .11
6.6 Report .18
7 Documentation .18
Annex A (normative) Functional test of AMS .19
Annex B (normative) Test of linearity .23
Annex C (normative) Documentation .25
Annex D (informative) Example of calculation of the calibration function .27
Annex E (informative) Procedure for the identification of outliers .30
Annex F (informative) Measurement uncertainty .34
Bibliography .35
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1, Stationary
source emissions.
ISO 14385 consists of the following parts, under the general title Stationary source emissions —
Greenhouse gases:
— Part 1: Calibration of automated measuring systems
— Part 2: Ongoing quality control of automated measuring systems
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The measurement of greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane) in a framework
of emission trading requires an equal and known quality of data.
This part of ISO 14385 describes the quality assurance procedures for calibration and ongoing quality
control needed to ensure that automated measuring systems (AMS) installed to measure emissions
of greenhouse gases to air are capable of meeting the uncertainty requirements on measured values
specified, e.g. by legislation, competent authorities, or in an emission trade scheme.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14385-1:2014(E)
Stationary source emissions — Greenhouse gases —
Part 1:
Calibration of automated measuring systems
1 Scope
This part of ISO 14385 specifies the procedures for establishing quality assurance for automated
measuring systems (AMS) installed on industrial plants for the determination of the concentration of
greenhouse gases in flue and waste gas and other flue gas parameters.
This part of ISO 14385 specifies a procedure to calibrate the AMS and determine the variability of
the measured values obtained by an AMS, which is suitable for the validation of an AMS following its
installation.
This part of ISO 14385 is designed to be used after the AMS has been accepted according to the procedures
specified in ISO 14956.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14385-2, Stationary source emissions — Greenhouse gases — Part 2: Ongoing quality control of
automated measuring systems
ISO 14956, Air quality — Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a
required measurement uncertainty
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
automated measuring system
AMS
measuring system permanently installed on site for continuous monitoring of emissions
Note 1 to entry: An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method.
Note 2 to entry: Apart from the analyser, an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. sample probe, sample
gas lines, filters, flow meters, regulators, delivery pumps, blowers) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter,
water vapour removal devices, converters, diluters). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices
that are required for regular functional checks.
3.2
calibration function
linear relationship between the values of the SRM and the AMS with the assumption of a constant
residual standard deviation
3.3
calibration gas
gas of known composition that can be used to check the response of the AMS
3.4
competent authority
organization or organizations which implement the requirements of legislation and regulate installations
which must comply with the requirements of legislation
3.5
confidence interval
interval estimator (T , T ) for the parameter θ with the statistics T and T as interval limits and for
1 2 1 2
which it holds that P[T < θ < T ] ≥ 1 – α
1 2
Note 1 to entry: The two-sided 95 % confidence interval of a normal distribution is illustrated in Figure 1, where
T = Θ – 1,96σ is the lower 95 % confidence limit;
1 0
T = Θ + 1,96σ is the upper 95 % confidence limit;
2 0
I = T – T = 2 × 1,96 × σ is the length of the 95 % confidence interval;
2 1 0
σ = I / (2 × 1,96) is the standard deviation associated with a 95 % confidence interval;
n is the number of observed values;
f is the frequency;
m is the measured value.
Figure 1 — Illustration of the 95 % confidence interval of a normal distribution
Note 2 to entry: In this part of ISO 14385, the standard deviation, σ is estimated by parallel measurements
0,
with an SRM. It is assumed that the requirement for σ , presented in terms of an allowable uncertainty budget,
i.e. variability is provided by the regulators. In the procedures of this part of ISO 14385, the premise is that the
required variability is given as σ itself, or as a quarter of the length of the full 95 % confidence interval.
[SOURCE: ISO 3534-1:2006, 1.28, modified: Figure 1 has been added. Notes 1 and 2 are different.]
3.6
drift
monotonic change of the calibration function over stated maintenance interval, which results in a change
of the measured value
3.7
extractive AMS
AMS having the detection unit physically separated from the gas stream by means of a sampling system
2 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
------------------
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14385-1
First edition
2014-08-01
Stationary source emissions —
Greenhouse gases —
Part 1:
Calibration of automated measuring
systems
Émissions de sources fixes — Gaz à effet de serre —
Partie 1: Étalonnage des systèmes de mesurage automatiques
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 5
4.1 Symbols . 5
4.2 Abbreviations . 6
5 Principle . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Limitations . 6
5.3 Measurement site and installation . 7
5.4 Testing laboratories performing SRM measurements . 8
6 Calibration and validation of the AMS . 8
6.1 General . 8
6.2 Functional test . 8
6.3 Calibration and validation of multiple/complex measurement systems . 8
6.4 Parallel measurements with an SRM . 9
6.5 Procedure: calibration and validation of the AMS by means of parallel measurements .11
6.6 Report .18
7 Documentation .18
Annex A (normative) Functional test of AMS .19
Annex B (normative) Test of linearity .23
Annex C (normative) Documentation .25
Annex D (informative) Example of calculation of the calibration function .27
Annex E (informative) Procedure for the identification of outliers .30
Annex F (informative) Measurement uncertainty .34
Bibliography .35
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1, Stationary
source emissions.
ISO 14385 consists of the following parts, under the general title Stationary source emissions —
Greenhouse gases:
— Part 1: Calibration of automated measuring systems
— Part 2: Ongoing quality control of automated measuring systems
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The measurement of greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane) in a framework
of emission trading requires an equal and known quality of data.
This part of ISO 14385 describes the quality assurance procedures for calibration and ongoing quality
control needed to ensure that automated measuring systems (AMS) installed to measure emissions
of greenhouse gases to air are capable of meeting the uncertainty requirements on measured values
specified, e.g. by legislation, competent authorities, or in an emission trade scheme.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14385-1:2014(E)
Stationary source emissions — Greenhouse gases —
Part 1:
Calibration of automated measuring systems
1 Scope
This part of ISO 14385 specifies the procedures for establishing quality assurance for automated
measuring systems (AMS) installed on industrial plants for the determination of the concentration of
greenhouse gases in flue and waste gas and other flue gas parameters.
This part of ISO 14385 specifies a procedure to calibrate the AMS and determine the variability of
the measured values obtained by an AMS, which is suitable for the validation of an AMS following its
installation.
This part of ISO 14385 is designed to be used after the AMS has been accepted according to the procedures
specified in ISO 14956.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14385-2, Stationary source emissions — Greenhouse gases — Part 2: Ongoing quality control of
automated measuring systems
ISO 14956, Air quality — Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a
required measurement uncertainty
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
automated measuring system
AMS
measuring system permanently installed on site for continuous monitoring of emissions
Note 1 to entry: An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method.
Note 2 to entry: Apart from the analyser, an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. sample probe, sample
gas lines, filters, flow meters, regulators, delivery pumps, blowers) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter,
water vapour removal devices, converters, diluters). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices
that are required for regular functional checks.
3.2
calibration function
linear relationship between the values of the SRM and the AMS with the assumption of a constant
residual standard deviation
3.3
calibration gas
gas of known composition that can be used to check the response of the AMS
3.4
competent authority
organization or organizations which implement the requirements of legislation and regulate installations
which must comply with the requirements of legislation
3.5
confidence interval
interval estimator (T , T ) for the parameter θ with the statistics T and T as interval limits and for
1 2 1 2
which it holds that P[T < θ < T ] ≥ 1 – α
1 2
Note 1 to entry: The two-sided 95 % confidence interval of a normal distribution is illustrated in Figure 1, where
T = Θ – 1,96σ is the lower 95 % confidence limit;
1 0
T = Θ + 1,96σ is the upper 95 % confidence limit;
2 0
I = T – T = 2 × 1,96 × σ is the length of the 95 % confidence interval;
2 1 0
σ = I / (2 × 1,96) is the standard deviation associated with a 95 % confidence interval;
n is the number of observed values;
f is the frequency;
m is the measured value.
Figure 1 — Illustration of the 95 % confidence interval of a normal distribution
Note 2 to entry: In this part of ISO 14385, the standard deviation, σ is estimated by parallel measurements
0,
with an SRM. It is assumed that the requirement for σ , presented in terms of an allowable uncertainty budget,
i.e. variability is provided by the regulators. In the procedures of this part of ISO 14385, the premise is that the
required variability is given as σ itself, or as a quarter of the length of the full 95 % confidence interval.
[SOURCE: ISO 3534-1:2006, 1.28, modified: Figure 1 has been added. Notes 1 and 2 are different.]
3.6
drift
monotonic change of the calibration function over stated maintenance interval, which results in a change
of the measured value
3.7
extractive AMS
AMS having the detection unit physically separated from the gas stream by means of a sampling system
2 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
3.8
in-situ AMS
AMS having the detection unit in the gas stream, or in a part of it
3.9
instrument reading
indication of the measured value directly provided by the AMS without using the calibration function
3.10
legislation
directives, acts, ordinances, and regulations
3.11
low-level cluster
cluster of measurement values less than the maximum permissible uncertainty and between 0 % and
15 % of the lowest measuring range
3.12
measurand
[5]
particular quantity subject to measurement
3.13
measured component
constituent of the waste gas for which a defined measurand is to be determined by measurement
3.14
measured value
estimated value of the measurand derived from an output signal
Note 1 to entry: This usually involves calculations related to the calibration process and conversion to required
quantities
Note 2 to entry: A measured value is a short-term average. The averaging time can be, e.g. 10 min, 30 min, or 1 h.
3.15
period of unattended operation
maximum admissible interval of time for which the performance characteristics will rema
...
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