SIST EN ISO 10256:2003
(Main)Head and face protection for use in ice hockey (ISO 10256:2003)
Head and face protection for use in ice hockey (ISO 10256:2003)
ISO 10256:2003 specifies performance requirements and test methods for head and face protection for use in ice hockey.
Perfarmance requirements and test methods, where appropriate, are given for the following: construction; shock absorption; puck-impact resistance; penetration; retention-system properties; field of vision; marking and information.
The head and face protection is intended for use by players, goalkeepers and certain functionaries (e.g. referees).
Kopf- und Gesichtsschutz zur Benutzung beim Eishockey (ISO 10256:2003)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Anforderungen an die Funktionsfähigkeit und Prüfungen für den Kopf- und Gesichtsschutz zur Benutzung beim Eishockey fest.
ANMERKUNG 1 Der Zweck ist die Verringerung der Gefahr von Kopf- und Gesichtsverletzungen, ohne die Form oder die Attraktivität des Spiels zu beeinflussen.
ANMERKUNG 2 Eishockey ist ein Sport, bei dem eine Verletzungsgefahr besteht. Diese Internationale Norm ist nur für Helme und Gesichtsschutz zur Benutzung beim Eishockey bestimmt. Eishockeyhelme bieten keinen Schutz gegen Hals- oder Wirbelsäulenverletzungen. Schwere Kopf-, Gehirn- oder Wirbelsäulenverletzungen, einschließlich Lähmungen oder Tod, können trotz der Benutzung eines Eishockeyhelmes nach dieser Internationalen Norm vorkommen.
Anforderungen an die Funktionsfähigkeit und Prüfverfahren, wo anwendbar, sind für folgende Punkte festgelegt:
a) Konstruktion;
b) stoßdämpfende Eigenschaften;
c) Puckaufprallwiderstand;
d) Durchdringungsfestigkeit;
e) Eigenschaften der Trageeinrichtung;
f) Sichtfeld;
g) Kennzeichnung und Information.
Der Kopf- und Gesichtsschutz ist bestimmt zur Benutzung durch
a) Spieler,
b) Torwarte und
c) bestimmte Begleitpersonen (z. B. Schiedsrichter).
Protections de tete et de visage destinées a etre utilisée en hockey sur glace (ISO 10256:2003)
L'ISO 10256:2003 spécifie les exigences de performance et les méthodes d'essai relatives aux protections de tête et de visage destinées à être utilisées en hockey sur glace.
Les exigences de performance et les méthodes d'essai sont, s'il y a lieu, données pour les aspects suivants: fabrication; absorption des chocs; résistance à l'impact du palet; pénétration; propriétés du système de rétention; champ visuel; marquage et informations.
Les protections de tête et de visage sont destinées aux joueurs, aux gardiens de but et à certaines autorités (par exemple les arbitres).
Ščitnik glave in obraza za uporabo pri hokeju na ledu (ISO 10256:2003)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 10256:2003
01-december-2003
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 967:1998
âþLWQLNJODYHLQREUD]D]DXSRUDERSULKRNHMXQDOHGX ,62
Head and face protection for use in ice hockey (ISO 10256:2003)
Kopf- und Gesichtsschutz zur Benutzung beim Eishockey (ISO 10256:2003)
Protections de tete et de visage destinées a etre utilisée en hockey sur glace (ISO
10256:2003)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 10256:2003
ICS:
13.340.20 Varovalna oprema za glavo Head protective equipment
97.220.20 Oprema za zimske športe Winter sports equipment
SIST EN ISO 10256:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 10256
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2003
ICS 13.340.20; 97.220.20 Supersedes EN 967:1996
English version
Head and face protection for use in ice hockey (ISO
10256:2003)
Protections de tête et de visage destinées à être utilisée en Kopf- und Gesichtsschutz zur Benutzung beim Eishockey
hockey sur glace (ISO 10256:2003) (ISO 10256:2003)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 August 2003.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 10256:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN ISO 10256:2003 (E)
CORRECTED 2003-11-05
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 10256:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 83
"Sports and recreational equipment" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 158
"Head protection", the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2004, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2004.
This document supersedes EN 967:1996.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZB, which is an integral part of this
document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 10256:2003 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10256:2003 without any
modifications.
NOTE Normative references to International Standards are listed in Annex ZA (normative).
2
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EN ISO 10256:2003 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their relevant European publications
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of
any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies (including amendments).
NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated
by (mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN Year
ISO 960 1998 Plastics - Polyamides (PA) - EN ISO 960 1997
Determination of water content
3
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EN ISO 10256:2003 (E)
Annex ZB
(informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential
requirements or other provisions of EU Directives
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive:
- Directive 89/686/EEC
- Directive 93/68/EEC
- Directive 93/95/EEC
- Directive 96/58/EC
Compliance with this Standard provides one means of conforming with the specific essential
requirements of the Directives concerned and associated EFTA Regulations.
WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products
falling within he scope of this Standard.
The following clauses of this document are likely to support requirements of the Directives:
Table ZB.1 - Relationship between this European Standard and Directives
EN ISO 10256 Directives
Clauses
5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.3.1, 5.3.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.2 1.1
5.1.1, 5.1.2, 5.1.3 1.2
5.2.5 1.3
8, 9 1.4
5.2.5 2.1
5.3, 5.4 2.3
5.2.5 2.5
5.2.5 2.9
82.12
5.2.3, 5.2.4, 5.3.2, 5.3.3, 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 6.4, 6.8 3.1
4
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10256
Second edition
2003-09-15
Head and face protection for use in ice
hockey
Protections de tête et de visage destinées à être utilisées en hockey sur
glace
Reference number
ISO 10256:2003(E)
©
ISO 2003
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
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ii © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
3.1 General. 2
3.2 Helmet . 3
3.3 Face protection . 5
4 Types of head and face protectors . 9
5 Requirements . 9
5.1 General. 9
5.2 Special requirements for helmets . 10
5.3 Special requirements for full-face protectors . 11
5.4 Special requirements for eye protectors (visors). 13
6 Test methods. 14
6.1 Sampling . 14
6.2 Inspection and determination of mass (for helmet/face protector combinations fitting
headforms of size E or smaller). 15
6.3 Conditioning . 15
6.4 Helmets — Determination of shock-absorbing capacity . 15
6.5 Determination of retention-system strength and effectiveness for helmets. 16
6.6 Determination of vision quality . 17
6.7 Determination of penetration characteristics . 17
6.8 Face protectors — Determination of puck-impact resistance. 18
7 Test report. 19
8 Permanent marking. 20
9 Information for users . 20
Annex A (normative) Impact drop test using a free-fall test apparatus with a guided carrier . 35
Annex B (normative) Impact drop test using a guided monorail device . 38
Annex C (informative) Optical-quality test methods. 41
Annex D (normative) Method for measuring peripheral fields of vision and bilateral scotoma . 45
Annex E (informative) Method for measuring peripheral field of vision. 47
© ISO 2003 — All rights reserved iii
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10256 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 83, Sports and recreational equipment,
Subcommittee SC 5, Ice hockey equipment and facilities.
This second edition cancels and replaces ISO 10256:1996, ISO 10257:1996 and EN 967:1996.
iv © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
Introduction
The intention of head and face protection is to reduce the frequency and severity of localized injuries to the
head and that part of the face surrounded by the protector. The protective function is such that the force from
impacts against the protector is distributed and dampened and the penetration of objects is counteracted.
Head and face protection for use in ice hockey comprise helmets and an associated face protector. Face
protectors can consist of eye protectors (visors) or full-face protectors. Helmets are tested and assessed as a
separate unit, but face protectors are always tested and assessed together with the helmet or helmets for
which the face protector is intended.
To achieve the performance of which it is capable, and to ensure stability on the head, a helmet and
associated face protector should be as closely fitting as possible consistent with comfort. In use, it is essential
that the helmet and associated face protector be securely fastened, with any chin strap or neck strap adjusted
according to the manufacturer's instructions.
ISO/TC 83/SC 5 is aware that specifications for the performance of the helmet and the face protector are
required to reduce the risk of injury in ice hockey. There was consensus that most of today's head and face
protectors meet the performance requirements of this International Standard. However, the goal of
ISO/TC 83/SC 5 is to promote the use of better materials and/or constructions as they become available to
meet the future requirements of the sport of ice hockey. ISO/TC 83/SC 5 is also aware that in order to provide
for comfort and correct fitting and use, helmets and face protectors should have low mass consistent with
providing the appropriate performance characteristics.
© ISO 2003 — All rights reserved v
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10256:2003(E)
Head and face protection for use in ice hockey
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies performance requirements and test methods for head and face
protection for use in ice hockey.
NOTE 1 The intent is to reduce the risk of injury to the head and face without compromising the form or appeal of the
game.
NOTE 2 Ice hockey is a sport in which there is a risk of injury. This International Standard is intended only for helmets
and face protectors used for ice hockey. Ice hockey helmets afford no protection from neck or spinal injury. Severe head,
brain or spinal injuries, including paralysis or death, may occur in spite of using an ice hockey helmet in accordance with
this International Standard.
Performance requirements and test methods, where appropriate, are given for the following:
a) construction;
b) shock absorption;
c) puck-impact resistance;
d) penetration;
e) retention-system properties;
f) field of vision;
g) marking and information.
The head and face protection is intended for use by
a) players,
b) goalkeepers and
c) certain functionaries (e.g. referees).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 6487:2002, Road vehicles — Measurement techniques in impact tests — Instrumentation
EN 960:1994, Headforms for use in the testing of protective helmets
CAN/CSA Z262.4-00, Ice hockey pucks
© ISO 2003 — All rights reserved 1
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
ASTM F1446, Standard test methods for equipment and procedures used in evaluating the performance
characteristics of protective headgear
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 General
3.1.1
acceleration of a body
a
(self-explanatory)
NOTE Acceleration is measured in metres per second squared, in units of g.
3.1.2
acceleration of a body due to gravity
g
2
(self-explanatory, g = 9,806 m/s )
3.1.3
central vertical axis
line relative to the headform that lies in the median plane of symmetry, and that is normal to the basic plane at
a point equidistant from the front and back of the headform
3.1.4
Gadd Severity Index
GSI
weighted impulse criterion measure that estimates the injury hazard to the human head based on an impact
and determined from the acceleration-time wave form, and mathematically defined by the equation
tt+
01
2,5
GSI = atd
∫
t
0
where
a is the acceleration of a body, in metres per second squared;
t is the time in seconds, at the 5 g level;
t is the time of impact, i.e. pulse duration, in seconds, measured from the 5 g level.
1
3.1.5 Planes
3.1.5.1
basic plane of the human head
Frankfurt Horizontal
plane that is located at the level of the external upper borders of the ear canal (external auditory meatus) and
the inferior margins of the orbits of the eyes
3.1.5.2
basic plane of a headform
plane relative to the headform that corresponds to the basic plane of the human head
2 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
3.1.5.3
reference plane
construction plane parallel to the basic plane of the headform at a distance from it which is a function of the
size of the headform
3.1.5.4
frontal plane
vertical plane that is perpendicular to the median and reference planes and passes through the crown of the
headform
See Figure 1.
3.1.5.5
horizontal plane
plane that passes across the body at right angles to both the frontal and median planes
See Figure 1.
3.1.5.6
median plane
vertical plane that passes through the headform from front to back and divides the headform into right and left
halves
See Figure 1.
3.1.6
permanent marking and warning
information that remains legible and cannot be removed in its entirety under normal use conditions
See Clause 8.
3.2 Helmet
3.2.1
retention system
system which secures the helmet firmly to the head by passing under the mandible, in whole or in part, when
adjusted according to the manufacturer's instructions
3.2.2
drop height
vertical distance between the lowest point (impact point) of the elevated helmet and the impact surface
3.2.3
fastening system
those devices used to connect all components of the helmet
3.2.4
helmet
device intended to reduce the risk of head injury to ice hockey participants and including
a) the outer covering and shock-attenuating system,
b) the retention system,
c) all associated hardware, and
d) the manufacturer's attachments
NOTE a) to d) can be discussed individually in relation to their function as part of the helmet as a whole.
© ISO 2003 — All rights reserved 3
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
3.2.5
helmet model
category of helmets that do not differ in such essential respects as the materials, dimensions, construction of
the helmet, retention system or the protective padding
3.2.6 Impact sites (defined in relation to the headform) (see Figure 2)
3.2.6.1
crown
point where the central vertical axis meets the top of the headform
3.2.6.2
front
point on the median plane which is 50 mm above the anterior intersection with the reference plane
3.2.6.3
front boss
point 25 mm above the reference plane and 45° from the anterior intersection of the median plane and the
reference plane (intersection of the reference and frontal planes)
3.2.6.4
side
point 25 mm above the reference plane and 90° from the anterior intersection of the median plane and the
reference plane (intersection of the reference and frontal planes)
3.2.6.5
rear boss
point on the reference plane and 135° from the anterior intersection of the median plane and the reference
plane
3.2.6.6
rear
point at the posterior intersection of the median and reference planes
3.2.7
liner
material inside the outer covering of the helmet, with a principal objective to absorb kinetic energy generated
by an impact to the head, this material, or part of it, ensuring a snug comfortable fit of the helmet on the head
3.2.8
maximum value of acceleration
a
max
maximum acceleration encountered during impact, in units of g
3.2.9
natural frequency
frequency at which a system will tend to oscillate when displaced from its static equilibrium position
3.2.10
outer covering
shell
outer material that gives the helmet its form
3.2.11
support assembly
drop assembly in the monorail system minus the weight of the headform, ball clamp, ball-clamp bolts, and
accelerometer
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
3.2.12
securely attached label and tag
label or tag affixed at the time of manufacture, and which is normally removed at the time of helmet use
See 5.4.6 and Clause 8.
3.3 Face protection
3.3.1
chip
readily visible macroscopic particle missing from the protector
3.3.2
collimated light source (source of illumination)
quartz halogen lamp (17 lx or 1,68 foot candles) producing a 100 mm beam at 6 m distance which is centred
on the pupils of the eyes of the headform or on the midpoint between the pupils of the eyes of the headform,
this centring being maintained at all times during the test
3.3.3
combination
combined unit of a face protector or visor placed on a hockey helmet with which it is designed to be used
3.3.4
computer interface
linkage between the computer, the goniometer and the sensors, enabling a fully automated measurement
process via a menu-driven operation
3.3.5
dioptre
measure of the power of a lens or a prism equal to the reciprocal of its focal length expressed in metres
3.3.6
face protector
device intended to reduce the risk of injury to the eyes and face of ice hockey participants
3.3.7
field of vision
projection outward of all retinal points (the nervous layer of the eye) at which visual sensations can be initiated
See Figure 3.
3.3.7.1
temporally
refers to an angle in the horizontal plane measured from the primary position of gaze to the right for the right
eye and from the primary position of gaze to the left for the left eye
3.3.7.2
nasally
refers to an angle in the horizontal plane measured from the primary position of gaze to the left for the right
eye and from the primary position of gaze to the right for the left eye
3.3.7.3
inferior
downward
refers to an angle in the vertical plane measured downwards from the horizontal
© ISO 2003 — All rights reserved 5
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
3.3.7.4
superior
upward
refers to an angle in the vertical plane measured upwards from the horizontal
3.3.8
glabella
most prominent midline point between the eyebrows, identical to the bony glabella of the frontal bone
3.3.9
goniometer
positioning device that moves the headform such that the angular rotation and movement in both the
horizontal and vertical directions enables a spherical scan to be made of the fields of vision as seen through a
face protector or visor
3.3.10
haze
percentage of transmitted light that, in passing through the specimen, deviates from the incident beam by
forward scattering
3.3.11 Impact sites
3.3.11.1
side impact
point half-way between the mouth level and the eye level in the horizontal plane, 25° to the median plane and
in the direction of the axis formed by the intersection of the median plane and the frontal plane
See Figure 11.
3.3.11.2
eye impact
point in the horizontal plane 25° to the median plane and in the direction of the eye
See Figure 11.
3.3.11.3
mouth impact
point in the intersection between the horizontal plane and the median plane in the direction of the centre of the
mouth
See Figure 11.
3.3.12
interpupillary distance
PD
distance, in millimetres, between the centres of the pupils of both eyes on the facially-featured headform
3.3.13
laser
luminous device used for alignment of the sensors
EXAMPLE Helium-neon (He-Ne) laser, power 0,5 mW, monochromatic light source.
WARNING — Observe safety rules when using a laser.
3.3.14
luminous transmittance
ratio of the light transmitted by a medium to the incident light
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
3.3.15
menton
lowest point on the mandibular symphysis
3.3.16
no-contact zone
designated zone of the headform where contact is not permitted during the puck-impact resistance test
See 5.3.3 and 5.4.3, and Figures 13 and 14.
3.3.17
optical clarity
sharpness of an image
3.3.18
optical quality field of vision area
that area on a transparent face protector or visor determined by the outline of a cone whose axis projects
along the primary position of gaze and extends 35° (radius of fixation), the apex of the cone being centred on
each pupil, the area generated by each cone being joined above and below and extended to a point 90°
laterally to each side in the horizontal plane
See Figure C.1.
3.3.19
orbit
either a quadrilateral, pyramidal cavity situated at the upper and anterior part of the face, or the bony cavity
containing the eyeball and other associated tissues within the orbit
3.3.20
orbitale
lowermost point on the inferior margin of the orbit (infraorbital margin)
3.3.21
peripheral field of vision
oval-shaped field extending 90° temporally, 60° inferiorly, 45° nasally and 35° superiorly
See Figure 4.
3.3.22
photosensor
sensor 5 mm in diameter centred in the pupils of the headform, covered by a 5 mm translucent lens of 8 mm
radius of curvature, convex forward
NOTE 1 The photo sensor is cosine corrected, e.g. provided with a diffusing cover which is a means of correcting the
light-sensitive surface for wide angles of incidence.
NOTE 2 Light contact with the sensor produces an electrical signal that is fed into a computer interface.
3.3.23
porion
highest point on the upper margin of the cutaneous, external auditory meatus
3.3.24
primary position of gaze
line running forward from the centre of the pupil parallel to the median and horizontal planes
See Figure 1.
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ISO 10256:2003(E)
3.3.25
prism dioptre
unit used in measuring the deviating power of a prism
NOTE This power in prism dioptres is 100 times the tangent of the angle of deviation of a ray of light.
3.3.26
prism imbalance
light passing through a lens and entering one eye is deviated by an amount differing in direction from the
same light passing through the lens and entering the other eye
3.3.27
protector
face protector or a visor as they are defined in 3.3.6 or 3.3.34
3.3.28
resolution
ability of an optical system to distinguish two points at their minimum separation
3.3.29
scan area
oval, peripheral fields area, specified by superior, temporal, inferior and nasal directions
3.3.30
scotoma
blind spot in the field of vision
3.3.31
securely attached label and/or tag
label or tag affixed at the time of manufacture, and which is normally removed at the time of face-protector or
visor use
See 5.4.6 and Clause 8.
3.3.32
subnasal
Sn
deepest point on the concavity of the anterior surface of the maxilla in the midline, within 3,0 mm of the floor of
the nose
See Figure 6.
3.3.33
threshold value
output reading obtained when the collimated light beam has been centred on the midpoint between the pupils
in the primary position of gaze
NOTE The headform is rotated 90° i
...
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