SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
(Main)Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles - Part 1: Performance testing
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles - Part 1: Performance testing
This part of IEC 62660 specifies performance and life testing of secondary lithium-ion cells
used for propulsion of electric vehicles including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid
electric vehicles (HEV).
NOTE 1 Secondary lithium-ion cell used for propulsion of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) can be tested by
the procedure either for BEV application or HEV application, according to the battery system design, based on the
agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer.
This document specifies the test procedures to obtain the essential characteristics of lithiumion
cells for vehicle propulsion applications regarding capacity, power density, energy density,
storage life and cycle life.
This document provides the standard test procedures and conditions for testing basic
performance characteristics of lithium-ion cells for vehicle propulsion applications, which are
indispensable for securing a basic level of performance and obtaining essential data on cells
for various designs of battery systems and battery packs.
NOTE 2 Based on the agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer, specific test conditions can be
selected in addition to the conditions specified in this document. Selective test conditions are described in Annex A.
NOTE 3 The performance tests for the electrically connected lithium-ion cells can be performed with reference to
this document.
NOTE 4 The test specification for lithium-ion battery packs and systems is defined in ISO 12405-4 [1].
Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärzellen für den Antrieb von Elektrostraßenfahrzeugen - Teil 1: Prüfung des Leistungsverhaltens
Eléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers électriques - Partie 1: Essais de performance
IEC 62660-1:2018 est disponible sous forme de IEC 62660-1:2018 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.
L'IEC 62660-1:2018 spécifie les essais de performance et de durée de vie des accumulateurs lithium-ion utilisés pour la propulsion des véhicules électriques, incluant les véhicules électriques à batterie (BEV) et les véhicules électriques hybrides (HEV). Le présent document spécifie les procédures d'essai afin d’obtenir les caractéristiques essentielles des éléments lithium-ion destinés aux applications de propulsion de véhicules; ces caractéristiques concernent la capacité, la densité de puissance, la densité d'énergie, la durée de stockage et la durée de vie. Le présent document spécifie les procédures d'essai et les conditions normalisées pour effectuer les essais des caractéristiques de performance fondamentales des éléments lithium-ion destinés aux applications de propulsion de véhicules; ces caractéristiques sont indispensables pour fixer un niveau de performance de base et obtenir des données essentielles pour différentes conceptions de systèmes de batteries et de packs de batteries. L'IEC 62660-1:2018 annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2010. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) L’objet de chaque essai a été ajouté.
b) L’essai de puissance a été révisé pour clarification, et une partie informative de l’essai des caractéristiques courant-tension a été transférée à la nouvelle Annexe C.
Sekundarni litij-ionski členi za pogon električnih cestnih vozil - 1. del: Preskušanje zmogljivosti
Ta del standarda IEC 62660 določa preskušanje zmogljivosti in življenjske dobe sekundarnih litij-ionskih členov za pogon električnih vozil, vključno z električnimi akumulatorskimi vozili (BEV) in hibridnimi električnimi vozili (HEV).
OPOMBA 1: Sekundarni litij-ionski člen za pogon priključnega hibridnega električnega vozila (PHEV) je mogoče preskusiti s postopkom uporabe BEV ali uporabe HEV v skladu z zasnovo baterijskega sistema na podlagi dogovora med proizvajalcem členov in kupcem.
Ta dokument določa preskusne postopke za pridobitev osnovnih lastnosti litij-ionskih členov za pogon vozil v povezavi z zmogljivostjo, gostoto porazdelitve moči, gostoto porazdelitve energije, obdobjem skladiščenja in življenjsko dobo.
Ta dokument podaja standardne preskusne postopke in pogoje za preskušanje osnovnih lastnosti zmogljivosti litij-ionskih členov za pogon vozil, ki so nepogrešljive za zagotavljanje osnovne ravni zmogljivosti in pridobivanje osnovnih podatkov o členih za različne zasnove baterijskih sistemov ter akumulatorjev.
OPOMBA 2: Na podlagi dogovora med proizvajalcem člena in kupcem je mogoče poleg pogojev, določenih v tem dokumentu, izbrati posebne preskusne pogoje. Selektivni preskusni pogoji so opisani v dodatku A.
OPOMBA 3: Preskusi zmogljivosti električno povezanih litij-ionskih členov je mogoče opraviti s sklicevanjem na ta dokument.
OPOMBA 4: Specifikacija preskusa za litij-ionske akumulatorje in sisteme je opredeljena v standardu ISO 12405-4 [1].
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
01-maj-2019
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 62660-1:2011
Sekundarni litij-ionski členi za pogon električnih cestnih vozil - 1. del: Preskušanje
zmogljivosti
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles - Part 1:
Performance testing
Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärzellen für den Antrieb von Elektrostraßenfahrzeugen - Teil 1:
Prüfung des Leistungsverhaltens
Eléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers
électriques - Partie 1: Essais de performance
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62660-1:2019
ICS:
29.220.20 Kislinski sekundarni členi in Acid secondary cells and
baterije batteries
43.120 Električna cestna vozila Electric road vehicles
SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62660-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2019
ICS 29.220.20; 43.120 Supersedes EN 62660-1:2011
English Version
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road
vehicles - Part 1: Performance testing
(IEC 62660-1:2018)
Eléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärzellen für den Antrieb von
des véhicules routiers électriques - Partie 1: Essais de Elektrostraßenfahrzeugen - Teil 1: Prüfung des
performance Leistungsverhaltens
(IEC 62660-1:2018) (IEC 62660-1:2018)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2019-01-16. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62660-1:2019 E
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
EN IEC 62660-1:2019 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 21/975/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62660-1, prepared by IEC/TC 21
"Secondary cells and batteries" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN IEC 62660-1:2019.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2019-10-16
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2022-01-16
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 62660-1:2011.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62660-1:2018 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 62660-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62660-2
IEC 62660-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62660-3
IEC 61434:1996 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61434:1996 (not modified)
2
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
EN IEC 62660-1:2019 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
ISO/TR 8713 - Electrically propelled road vehicles - Vocabulary - -
3
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
IEC 62660-1
®
Edition 2.0 2018-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles –
Part 1: Performance testing
Éléments d’accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers
électriques –
Partie 1: Essais de performance
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.220.20; 43.120 ISBN 978-2-8322-6288-7
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
– 2 – IEC 62660-1:2018 © IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Test conditions . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Measuring instruments . 9
4.2.1 Range of measuring devices . 9
4.2.2 Voltage measurement . 9
4.2.3 Current measurement . 9
4.2.4 Temperature measurements . 9
4.2.5 Other measurements . 10
4.3 Tolerance . 10
4.4 Thermal stabilization . 10
5 Dimension measurement . 10
6 Mass measurement . 12
7 Electrical measurement . 12
7.1 General . 12
7.2 General charge conditions . 12
7.3 Capacity . 12
7.4 SOC adjustment . 13
7.5 Power . 13
7.5.1 General . 13
7.5.2 Test method . 13
7.5.3 Calculation of power density . 14
7.5.4 Calculation of regenerative power density . 15
7.6 Energy . 15
7.6.1 General . 15
7.6.2 Test method . 16
7.6.3 Calculation of energy density . 16
7.7 Storage test . 17
7.7.1 General . 17
7.7.2 Charge retention test . 17
7.7.3 Storage life test . 18
7.8 Cycle life test . 18
7.8.1 General . 18
7.8.2 BEV cycle test . 18
7.8.3 HEV cycle test . 22
7.9 Energy efficiency test . 26
7.9.1 General . 26
7.9.2 Common tests for BEV and HEV applications . 26
7.9.3 Test for cells of BEV application . 28
7.9.4 Energy efficiency calculation for cells of HEV application . 29
Annex A (informative) Selective test conditions . 31
Annex B (informative) Cycle life test sequence . 33
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IEC 62660-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 3 –
Annex C (informative) Current-voltage characteristic test . 36
C.1 General . 36
C.2 Test method . 36
Bibliography . 39
Figure 1 – Example of temperature measurement of cell . 9
Figure 2 – Examples of maximum dimensions of cell . 11
Figure 3 – Dynamic discharge profile A for BEV cycle test . 20
Figure 4 – Dynamic discharge profile B for BEV cycle test . 22
Figure 5 – Discharge-rich profile for HEV cycle test . 24
Figure 6 – Charge-rich profile for HEV cycle test. 25
Figure 7 – Typical SOC swing by combination of two profiles for HEV cycle test . 26
Figure B.1 – Test sequence of BEV cycle test . 34
Figure B.2 – Concept of BEV cycle test . 35
Figure C.1 – Test order of the current-voltage characteristic test . 37
Table 1 – Discharge conditions . 12
Table 2 – SOC and temperature condition for power test . 13
Table 3 – Dynamic discharge profile A for BEV cycle test . 20
Table 4 – Dynamic discharge profile B for BEV cycle test . 21
Table 5 – Discharge-rich profile for HEV cycle test . 24
Table 6 – Charge-rich profile for HEV cycle test . 25
Table A.1 – Capacity test conditions . 31
Table A.2 – Power test conditions . 31
Table A.3 – Cycle life test conditions . 31
Table A.4 – Conditions for energy efficiency test for BEV application . 32
Table B.1 – Test sequence of HEV cycle test . 35
Table C.1 – Charge and discharge current for the current-voltage characteristic test . 36
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SECONDARY LITHIUM-ION CELLS FOR
THE PROPULSION OF ELECTRIC ROAD VEHICLES –
Part 1: Performance testing
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62660-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 21:
Secondary cells and batteries.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2010. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) The purpose of each test has been added.
b) The power test has been revised for clarification, and an informative part of the current-
voltage characteristic test has been moved to the new Annex C.
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
IEC 62660-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 5 –
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
21/975/FDIS 21/985/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 62660 series, published under the general title Secondary
lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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INTRODUCTION
The commercialization of electric road vehicles including battery, hybrid and plug-in hybrid
electric vehicles has been accelerated in the global market, responding to the global concerns
on CO reduction and energy security. This, in turn, has led to rapidly increasing demand for
2
high-power and high-energy-density traction batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are estimated to
be one of the most promising secondary batteries for the propulsion of electric vehicles. In the
light of the rapid spread of hybrid electric vehicles and the emergence of battery and plug-in
hybrid electric vehicles, a standard method for testing performance requirements of lithium-
ion batteries is indispensable for securing a basic level of performance and obtaining
essential data for the design of vehicle systems and battery packs.
This document specifies performance testing for automobile traction lithium-ion cells that
basically differ from the other cells including those for portable and stationary applications
specified by other IEC standards. For automobile application, it is important to note the usage
specificity; i.e. the design diversity of automobile battery packs and systems, and specific
requirements for cells and batteries corresponding to each of such designs. Based on these
facts, the purpose of this document is to provide a basic test methodology with general
versatility, which serves a function in common primary testing of lithium-ion cells to be used in
a variety of battery systems.
1
This document is associated with ISO 12405-4 [1] .
IEC 62660-2 [2] specifies the reliability and abuse testing for lithium-ion cells for electric
vehicle application.
IEC 62660-3 [3] specifies the safety requirements of lithium-ion cells for electric vehicle
application.
___________
1
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
IEC 62660-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 7 –
SECONDARY LITHIUM-ION CELLS FOR
THE PROPULSION OF ELECTRIC ROAD VEHICLES –
Part 1: Performance testing
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62660 specifies performance and life testing of secondary lithium-ion cells
used for propulsion of electric vehicles including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid
electric vehicles (HEV).
NOTE 1 Secondary lithium-ion cell used for propulsion of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) can be tested by
the procedure either for BEV application or HEV application, according to the battery system design, based on the
agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer.
This document specifies the test procedures to obtain the essential characteristics of lithium-
ion cells for vehicle propulsion applications regarding capacity, power density, energy density,
storage life and cycle life.
This document provides the standard test procedures and conditions for testing basic
performance characteristics of lithium-ion cells for vehicle propulsion applications, which are
indispensable for securing a basic level of performance and obtaining essential data on cells
for various designs of battery systems and battery packs.
NOTE 2 Based on the agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer, specific test conditions can be
selected in addition to the conditions specified in this document. Selective test conditions are described in Annex A.
NOTE 3 The performance tests for the electrically connected lithium-ion cells can be performed with reference to
this document.
NOTE 4 The test specification for lithium-ion battery packs and systems is defined in ISO 12405-4 [1].
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
ISO/TR 8713, Electrically propelled road vehicles – Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 8713 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
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3.1
battery electric vehicle
BEV
electric vehicle with only a traction battery as power source for vehicle propulsion
3.2
hybrid electric vehicle
HEV
vehicle with both a rechargeable energy storage system and a fuelled power source for
propulsion
3.3
rated capacity
C
n
capacity value of a cell in ampere hours (Ah) determined under specified conditions and
declared by the cell manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: n in C is the time base in hours (h). In this document, n = 3 for BEV application and n = 1 for
n
HEV application unless otherwise specified.
3.4
I
t
reference test current in amperes (A) which is expressed as
I = C / 1
t n
Note 1 to entry: 1 has a dimension of time in hours (h).
Note 2 to entry: See IEC 61434:1996 [4], Clause 2.
3.5
room temperature
temperature of 25 °C ± 2 K
3.6
secondary lithium-ion cell
cell
secondary single cell whose electric energy is derived from the insertion and extraction
reactions of lithium ions between the anode and the cathode
Note 1 to entry: The secondary lithium-ion cell is a basic manufactured unit providing a source of electric energy
by direct conversion of chemical energy. It consists of electrodes, separators, electrolyte, container and terminals,
and is designed to be charged electrically.
3.7
state of charge
SOC
capacity in a cell expressed as a percentage of rated capacity
3.8
charge retention
ability of a cell to retain capacity on open circuit under specified conditions of storage
4 Test conditions
4.1 General
The details of the instrumentation used shall be provided in any report of results.
Test and measurement shall be conducted with caution to prevent a short circuit.
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
IEC 62660-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 9 –
NOTE Test and measurement can be conducted under fixing condition recommended by the cell manufacturer.
4.2 Measuring instruments
4.2.1 Range of measuring devices
The instruments used shall enable the values of voltage, current and temperature to be
measured. The range of these instruments and measuring methods shall be chosen so as to
ensure the accuracy specified for each test.
For analogue instruments, this implies that the readings shall be taken in the last third of the
graduated scale.
Any other measuring instruments may be used provided they give an equivalent accuracy.
4.2.2 Voltage measurement
The resistance of the voltmeters used shall be at least 1 MΩ/V.
4.2.3 Current measurement
The entire assembly of ammeter, shunt and leads shall be of an accuracy class of 0,5 or
better.
4.2.4 Temperature measurements
The cell temperature shall be measured by use of a surface temperature measuring device
capable of an equivalent scale definition and accuracy of calibration as specified in 4.2.1. The
temperature shall be measured at a location which most closely reflects the cell temperature.
The temperature may be measured at additional appropriate locations, if necessary.
The examples for temperature measurement are shown in Figure 1. The instructions for
temperature measurement specified by the cell manufacturer shall be followed.
Prismatic or flat cell Cylindrical cell
Temperature measuring device
Cell
Cell Cell
Insulating material
IEC
Figure 1 – Example of temperature measurement of cell
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4.2.5 Other measurements
Other values may be measured by use of a measuring device, provided that it complies
with 4.3.
4.3 Tolerance
The overall accuracy of controlled or measured values, relative to the specified or actual
values, shall be within the following tolerances:
a) ± 0,1 % for voltage;
b) ± 1 % for current;
c) ± 2 K for temperature;
d) ± 0,1 % for time;
e) ± 0,1 % for mass;
f) ± 0,1 % for dimensions.
These tolerances comprise the combined accuracy of the measuring instruments, the
measurement technique used, and all other sources of error in the test procedure.
4.4 Thermal stabilization
For the stablization of cell temperature, the cell shall be soaked to a specified ambient
temperature for a minimum of 12 h. This period may be reduced if thermal stabilization is
reached. Thermal stabilization is considered to be reached if after one interval of 1 h, the
change of cell temperature is lower than 1 K.
5 Dimension measurement
The maximum dimension of the total width, thickness or diameter, and height of a cell shall be
measured at room temperature up to three significant figures in accordance with the
tolerances in 4.3.
Examples of maximum dimensions are shown in Figures 2a to 2f.
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SIST EN IEC 62660-1:2019
IEC 62660-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 11 –
IEC
IEC
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01-maj-2019
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Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles - Part 1:
Performance testing
Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärzellen für den Antrieb von Elektrostraßenfahrzeugen - Teil 1:
Prüfung des Leistungsverhaltens
Eléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers
électriques - Partie 1: Essais de performance
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62660-1:2019
ICS:
29.220.20 .LVOLQVNLVHNXQGDUQLþOHQLLQ Acid secondary cells and
EDWHULMH batteries
43.120 (OHNWULþQDFHVWQDYR]LOD Electric road vehicles
SIST EN 62660-1:2019 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 62660-1:2019
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SIST EN 62660-1:2019
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62660-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2019
ICS 29.220.20; 43.120 Supersedes EN 62660-1:2011
English Version
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road
vehicles - Part 1: Performance testing
(IEC 62660-1:2018)
Eléments d'accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärzellen für den Antrieb von
des véhicules routiers électriques - Partie 1: Essais de Elektrostraßenfahrzeugen - Teil 1: Prüfung des
performance Leistungsverhaltens
(IEC 62660-1:2018) (IEC 62660-1:2018)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2019-01-16. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62660-1:2019 E
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EN IEC 62660-1:2019 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 21/975/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62660-1, prepared by IEC/TC 21
"Secondary cells and batteries" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN IEC 62660-1:2019.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2019-10-16
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2022-01-16
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 62660-1:2011.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62660-1:2018 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 62660-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62660-2
IEC 62660-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62660-3
IEC 61434:1996 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61434:1996 (not modified)
2
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EN IEC 62660-1:2019 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
ISO/TR 8713 - Electrically propelled road vehicles - Vocabulary - -
3
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SIST EN 62660-1:2019
IEC 62660-1
®
Edition 2.0 2018-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles –
Part 1: Performance testing
Éléments d’accumulateurs lithium-ion pour la propulsion des véhicules routiers
électriques –
Partie 1: Essais de performance
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.220.20; 43.120 ISBN 978-2-8322-6288-7
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Test conditions . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Measuring instruments . 9
4.2.1 Range of measuring devices . 9
4.2.2 Voltage measurement . 9
4.2.3 Current measurement . 9
4.2.4 Temperature measurements . 9
4.2.5 Other measurements . 10
4.3 Tolerance . 10
4.4 Thermal stabilization . 10
5 Dimension measurement . 10
6 Mass measurement . 12
7 Electrical measurement . 12
7.1 General . 12
7.2 General charge conditions . 12
7.3 Capacity . 12
7.4 SOC adjustment . 13
7.5 Power . 13
7.5.1 General . 13
7.5.2 Test method . 13
7.5.3 Calculation of power density . 14
7.5.4 Calculation of regenerative power density . 15
7.6 Energy . 15
7.6.1 General . 15
7.6.2 Test method . 16
7.6.3 Calculation of energy density . 16
7.7 Storage test . 17
7.7.1 General . 17
7.7.2 Charge retention test . 17
7.7.3 Storage life test . 18
7.8 Cycle life test . 18
7.8.1 General . 18
7.8.2 BEV cycle test . 18
7.8.3 HEV cycle test . 22
7.9 Energy efficiency test . 26
7.9.1 General . 26
7.9.2 Common tests for BEV and HEV applications . 26
7.9.3 Test for cells of BEV application . 28
7.9.4 Energy efficiency calculation for cells of HEV application . 29
Annex A (informative) Selective test conditions . 31
Annex B (informative) Cycle life test sequence . 33
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Annex C (informative) Current-voltage characteristic test . 36
C.1 General . 36
C.2 Test method . 36
Bibliography . 39
Figure 1 – Example of temperature measurement of cell . 9
Figure 2 – Examples of maximum dimensions of cell . 11
Figure 3 – Dynamic discharge profile A for BEV cycle test . 20
Figure 4 – Dynamic discharge profile B for BEV cycle test . 22
Figure 5 – Discharge-rich profile for HEV cycle test . 24
Figure 6 – Charge-rich profile for HEV cycle test. 25
Figure 7 – Typical SOC swing by combination of two profiles for HEV cycle test . 26
Figure B.1 – Test sequence of BEV cycle test . 34
Figure B.2 – Concept of BEV cycle test . 35
Figure C.1 – Test order of the current-voltage characteristic test . 37
Table 1 – Discharge conditions . 12
Table 2 – SOC and temperature condition for power test . 13
Table 3 – Dynamic discharge profile A for BEV cycle test . 20
Table 4 – Dynamic discharge profile B for BEV cycle test . 21
Table 5 – Discharge-rich profile for HEV cycle test . 24
Table 6 – Charge-rich profile for HEV cycle test . 25
Table A.1 – Capacity test conditions . 31
Table A.2 – Power test conditions . 31
Table A.3 – Cycle life test conditions . 31
Table A.4 – Conditions for energy efficiency test for BEV application . 32
Table B.1 – Test sequence of HEV cycle test . 35
Table C.1 – Charge and discharge current for the current-voltage characteristic test . 36
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SECONDARY LITHIUM-ION CELLS FOR
THE PROPULSION OF ELECTRIC ROAD VEHICLES –
Part 1: Performance testing
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62660-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 21:
Secondary cells and batteries.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2010. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) The purpose of each test has been added.
b) The power test has been revised for clarification, and an informative part of the current-
voltage characteristic test has been moved to the new Annex C.
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IEC 62660-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 5 –
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
21/975/FDIS 21/985/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 62660 series, published under the general title Secondary
lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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INTRODUCTION
The commercialization of electric road vehicles including battery, hybrid and plug-in hybrid
electric vehicles has been accelerated in the global market, responding to the global concerns
on CO reduction and energy security. This, in turn, has led to rapidly increasing demand for
2
high-power and high-energy-density traction batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are estimated to
be one of the most promising secondary batteries for the propulsion of electric vehicles. In the
light of the rapid spread of hybrid electric vehicles and the emergence of battery and plug-in
hybrid electric vehicles, a standard method for testing performance requirements of lithium-
ion batteries is indispensable for securing a basic level of performance and obtaining
essential data for the design of vehicle systems and battery packs.
This document specifies performance testing for automobile traction lithium-ion cells that
basically differ from the other cells including those for portable and stationary applications
specified by other IEC standards. For automobile application, it is important to note the usage
specificity; i.e. the design diversity of automobile battery packs and systems, and specific
requirements for cells and batteries corresponding to each of such designs. Based on these
facts, the purpose of this document is to provide a basic test methodology with general
versatility, which serves a function in common primary testing of lithium-ion cells to be used in
a variety of battery systems.
1
This document is associated with ISO 12405-4 [1] .
IEC 62660-2 [2] specifies the reliability and abuse testing for lithium-ion cells for electric
vehicle application.
IEC 62660-3 [3] specifies the safety requirements of lithium-ion cells for electric vehicle
application.
___________
1
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
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IEC 62660-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 7 –
SECONDARY LITHIUM-ION CELLS FOR
THE PROPULSION OF ELECTRIC ROAD VEHICLES –
Part 1: Performance testing
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62660 specifies performance and life testing of secondary lithium-ion cells
used for propulsion of electric vehicles including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid
electric vehicles (HEV).
NOTE 1 Secondary lithium-ion cell used for propulsion of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) can be tested by
the procedure either for BEV application or HEV application, according to the battery system design, based on the
agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer.
This document specifies the test procedures to obtain the essential characteristics of lithium-
ion cells for vehicle propulsion applications regarding capacity, power density, energy density,
storage life and cycle life.
This document provides the standard test procedures and conditions for testing basic
performance characteristics of lithium-ion cells for vehicle propulsion applications, which are
indispensable for securing a basic level of performance and obtaining essential data on cells
for various designs of battery systems and battery packs.
NOTE 2 Based on the agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer, specific test conditions can be
selected in addition to the conditions specified in this document. Selective test conditions are described in Annex A.
NOTE 3 The performance tests for the electrically connected lithium-ion cells can be performed with reference to
this document.
NOTE 4 The test specification for lithium-ion battery packs and systems is defined in ISO 12405-4 [1].
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
ISO/TR 8713, Electrically propelled road vehicles – Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 8713 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
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3.1
battery electric vehicle
BEV
electric vehicle with only a traction battery as power source for vehicle propulsion
3.2
hybrid electric vehicle
HEV
vehicle with both a rechargeable energy storage system and a fuelled power source for
propulsion
3.3
rated capacity
C
n
capacity value of a cell in ampere hours (Ah) determined under specified conditions and
declared by the cell manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: n in C is the time base in hours (h). In this document, n = 3 for BEV application and n = 1 for
n
HEV application unless otherwise specified.
3.4
I
t
reference test current in amperes (A) which is expressed as
I = C / 1
t n
Note 1 to entry: 1 has a dimension of time in hours (h).
Note 2 to entry: See IEC 61434:1996 [4], Clause 2.
3.5
room temperature
temperature of 25 °C ± 2 K
3.6
secondary lithium-ion cell
cell
secondary single cell whose electric energy is derived from the insertion and extraction
reactions of lithium ions between the anode and the cathode
Note 1 to entry: The secondary lithium-ion cell is a basic manufactured unit providing a source of electric energy
by direct conversion of chemical energy. It consists of electrodes, separators, electrolyte, container and terminals,
and is designed to be charged electrically.
3.7
state of charge
SOC
capacity in a cell expressed as a percentage of rated capacity
3.8
charge retention
ability of a cell to retain capacity on open circuit under specified conditions of storage
4 Test conditions
4.1 General
The details of the instrumentation used shall be provided in any report of results.
Test and measurement shall be conducted with caution to prevent a short circuit.
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NOTE Test and measurement can be conducted under fixing condition recommended by the cell manufacturer.
4.2 Measuring instruments
4.2.1 Range of measuring devices
The instruments used shall enable the values of voltage, current and temperature to be
measured. The range of these instruments and measuring methods shall be chosen so as to
ensure the accuracy specified for each test.
For analogue instruments, this implies that the readings shall be taken in the last third of the
graduated scale.
Any other measuring instruments may be used provided they give an equivalent accuracy.
4.2.2 Voltage measurement
The resistance of the voltmeters used shall be at least 1 MΩ/V.
4.2.3 Current measurement
The entire assembly of ammeter, shunt and leads shall be of an accuracy class of 0,5 or
better.
4.2.4 Temperature measurements
The cell temperature shall be measured by use of a surface temperature measuring device
capable of an equivalent scale definition and accuracy of calibration as specified in 4.2.1. The
temperature shall be measured at a location which most closely reflects the cell temperature.
The temperature may be measured at additional appropriate locations, if necessary.
The examples for temperature measurement are shown in Figure 1. The instructions for
temperature measurement specified by the cell manufacturer shall be followed.
Prismatic or flat cell Cylindrical cell
Temperature measuring device
Cell
Cell Cell
Insulating material
IEC
Figure 1 – Example of temperature measurement of cell
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4.2.5 Other measurements
Other values may be measured by use of a measuring device, provided that it complies
with 4.3.
4.3 Tolerance
The overall accuracy of controlled or measured values, relative to the specified or actual
values, shall be within the following tolerances:
a) ± 0,1 % for voltage;
b) ± 1 % for current;
c) ± 2 K for temperature;
d) ± 0,1 % for time;
e) ± 0,1 % for mass;
f) ± 0,1 % for dimensions.
These tolerances comprise the combined accuracy of the measuring instruments, the
measurement technique used, and all other sources of error in the test procedure.
4.4 Thermal stabilization
For the stablization of cell temperature, the cell shall be soaked to a specified ambient
temperature for a minimum of 12 h. This period may be reduced if thermal stabilization is
reached. Thermal stabilization is considered to be reached if after one interval of 1 h, the
change of cell temperature is lower than 1 K.
5 Dimension measurement
The maximum dimension of the total width, thickness or diameter, and height of a cell shall be
measured at room temperature up to three significant figures in accordance with the
tolerances in 4.3.
Examples of maximum dimensions are shown in Figures 2a to 2f.
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IEC 62660-1:2018 © IEC 2018 – 11 –
IEC
IEC
Figure 2a – Cylindrical cell (1) Figure 2b – Cylindrical c
...
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