SIST EN 4723:2015
(Main)Aerospace series - Standardized measurement methods for comfort and living space criteria for aircraft passenger seats
Aerospace series - Standardized measurement methods for comfort and living space criteria for aircraft passenger seats
This European Standard specifies requirements and measurement methods for the assessment of
passenger living space and comfort. Its aim is to improve the passenger comfort quality of aircraft
cabins and provide measurement methods to compare cabin seat layouts and seats.
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Standardisierte Meßmethoden für Komfort und Living Space Kriterien bei Passagiersitzen im Flugzeug
Série aérospatiale - Mesure standardisée du confort et de léspace de vie des sièges passagers dávion
Aeronavtika - Standardizirane metode za merjenje kriterija udobja in življenjskega prostora potniških sedežev v zračnih plovilih
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve in merilne metode za oceno
življenjskega prostora in udobja potnikov. Njegov namen je izboljšati kakovost letalskih kabin v povezavi z udobjem za potnike
ter podati merilne metode za primerjavo postavitve kabinskih sedežev in kakovosti sedežev.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 4723:2015
01-november-2015
$HURQDYWLND6WDQGDUGL]LUDQHPHWRGH]DPHUMHQMHNULWHULMDXGREMDLQåLYOMHQMVNHJD
SURVWRUDSRWQLãNLKVHGHåHYY]UDþQLKSORYLOLK
Aerospace series - Standardized measurement methods for comfort and living space
criteria for aircraft passenger seats
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Standardisierte Meßmethoden für Komfort und Living Space
Kriterien bei Passagiersitzen im Flugzeug
Série aérospatiale - Mesure standardisée du confort et de léspace de vie des sièges
passagers dávion
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 4723:2015
ICS:
49.095 Oprema za potnike in Passenger and cabin
oprema kabin equipment
SIST EN 4723:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 4723:2015
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2015
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 49.095
English Version
Aerospace series - Standardized measurement methods
for comfort and living space criteria for aircraft passenger
seats
Série aérospatiale - Mesure standardisée du confort et Luft- und Raumfahrt - Sandardisierte Meßmethoden
de l'espace de vie des sièges passagers d'avion für Komfort und Living Space Kriterien bei
Passagiersitzen im Flugzeug
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 March 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 4723:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Abbreviations and definitions . 6
4 Requirements . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Comfort and living space metrics . 7
5 Technical/geometric definitions and measurement methods . 9
5.1 General . 9
5.2 Cushion reference point (CRP) . 9
5.2.1 CRP definition . 9
5.2.2 CRP measurement method . 9
5.3 Seat reference point (SRP) . 10
5.3.1 SRP definition . 10
5.3.2 SRP measurement method . 10
5.4 Seat measurement reference point (SMRP) / Seat comfort reference point (SCRP) . 11
5.4.1 SMRP/SCRP definition . 11
5.4.2 SMRP / SCRP measurement method . 11
5.5 H-point . 11
5.5.1 H-point definition. 11
5.5.2 H-point measurement method . 12
6 Living space . 12
6.1 Pitch and 3-D living space . 12
6.1.1 Pitch and 3-D living space definition . 12
6.1.2 Pitch and 3-D living space measurement method . 13
6.2 Shin clearance (SHC) . 13
6.2.1 SHC definition . 13
6.2.2 SHC measurement method . 13
6.3 Shoulder obstruction height (SOH) . 14
6.3.1 SOH definition . 14
6.3.2 SOH measurement method . 14
6.4 Table height over bottom cushion edge (TH) . 15
6.4.1 TH definition . 15
6.4.2 TH measurement method . 15
6.5 Visual space (VS) . 15
6.5.1 VS definition . 15
6.5.2 VS measurement method . 16
6.6 Knee space (KS) . 16
6.6.1 KS definition . 16
6.6.2 KS measurement method . 16
6.7 Foot Space (FS) . 17
6.7.1 FS definition . 17
6.7.2 FS measurement method . 17
6.8 Bed length in full recline position . 17
6.8.1 Bed length in full recline position definition . 17
2
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
6.8.2 Bed length in full recline measurement method . 18
6.9 Armrest length (ARL) . 18
6.9.1 ARL definition . 18
6.9.2 ARL measurement method . 18
6.10 Armrest width in total (ARW) . 19
6.10.1 ARW definition . 19
6.10.2 ARW measurement method . 19
6.11 Seat width between armrests (SWAR) . 19
6.11.1 SWAR definition . 19
6.11.2 SWAR measurement methods . 20
6.12 Armrest height over compressed cushion height (ACH) . 20
6.12.1 ACH definition . 20
6.12.2 ACH measurement method . 20
6.13 Bed width at elbow level (43 in / 1 092,2 mm from end of bed) in full recline position . 20
6.13.1 Bed width at elbow level in full recline position definition . 20
6.13.2 Bed width at elbow level in full recline position measurement method . 21
6.14 Bed width at shoulder level . 21
6.14.1 Bed width at shoulder level definition. 21
6.14.2 Bed width at shoulder level measurement method . 22
7 Comfort . 22
7.1 Armrest top height over seat bottom cushion (TACH) . 22
7.1.1 TACH definition . 22
7.1.2 TACH measurement method. 23
7.2 Cushion height above cabin floor level (CHoF) . 23
7.2.1 Cushion height above cabin floor level definition . 23
7.2.2 Cushion height above cabin floor level measurement method . 23
7.3 Average bed angle in full recline position . 23
7.3.1 Average bed angle in full recline position definition . 23
7.3.2 Average bed angle in full recline position measurement method . 24
7.4 Headrest thickness (HT) . 24
7.4.1 Headrest thickness definition . 24
7.4.2 Headrest thickness measurement method . 25
7.5 Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions . 25
7.5.1 Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions definitions . 25
7.5.2 Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions measurement method . 25
7.6 Seat depth . 26
7.6.1 Seat depth definition . 26
7.6.2 Seat depth measurement method . 26
7.7 Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline) . 26
7.7.1 Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline) definition . 26
7.7.2 Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline) measurement method . 27
7.8 Seat bottom pressure mapping / distribution (BPD) . 27
7.8.1 Seat bottom pressure mapping definition . 27
7.8.2 Seat bottom pressure mapping measurement method . 28
7.9 Foam hardness. 28
7.9.1 Foam hardness definition . 28
7.9.2 Foam hardness measurement method . 28
7.10 Integrated seat climate definition . 28
7.10.1 Integrated seat climate definition . 28
7.10.2 Integrated seat climate measurement method. 28
3
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 4723:2015) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries
Association of Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN).
After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this European
Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member
countries of ASD, prior to its presentation to CEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2016, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
4
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements and measurement methods for the assessment of
passenger living space and comfort. Its aim is to improve the passenger comfort quality of aircraft
cabins and provide measurement methods to compare cabin seat layouts and seats.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 1856, Flexible cellular polymeric materials — Determination of compression set (ISO 1856)
SAE AS8049B, Performance Standard for Seats in Civil Rotorcraft, Transport Aircraft, and General
1)
Aviation Aircraft
1)
SAE J826, Devices for Use in Defining and Measuring Vehicle Seating Accommodations
ASTM D3574, Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials — Slab, Bonded, and Molded
2)
Urethane Foams
1)
Published by: SAE National (US) Society of Automotive Engineers (http://www.sae.org/).
2)
Published by: ASTM National (US) American Society for Testing and Materials (http://www.astm.org/).
5
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
3 Abbreviations and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations and definitions apply.
A/C Aircraft
ACH Armrest height over compressed cushion height
ARL Armrest length
ARW Armrest width
ATD Anthropomorphic test dummy
BPD Seat bottom pressure distribution / mapping
CAD Computer-aided design
CCD Compressed cushion datum
CHoF Cushion height over floor level
CRP Cushion reference point
E/C Economy Class
e.g. exempli gratia (for example)
FS Foot space
H-point Hip-point
HR Headrest
HT Headrest thickness
KS Knee space
LR Long range
P/C Premium Class
PAX Passenger
SAE Society of automotive engineers
SCRP Seat comfort reference point
SHC Shine clearance
SOH Shoulder obstruction height
SMRP Seat measurement reference point
SRP Seat reference point
SWAR Seat width between armrests
TACH Armrest top height over seat bottom cushion
TH Table height over bottom cushion
TTL Taxi-take off-landing
VS Visual space
w/o Without
6
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
4 Requirements
4.1 General
For the aim of this document, the aircraft coordinate system is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Aircraft coordinate system
4.2 Comfort and living space metrics
Compliance with airworthiness requirements, e.g. passageways, minimum aisle widths between
armrests etc. are mandatory.
Comfort and living space criteria are often mixed up. Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 indicate the category
each criterion belongs to.
Table 1 — Economy class passenger seats
Living space Comfort
Economy class seat metrics
Pitch Armrest height relative to cushion height
3-D living space Seat surface climate
Shin clearance at 60°, 45° Cushion height above cabin floor level
Shin clearance at 35° for LR A/C only Seat depth
Shoulder obstruction height Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline)
Table height over bottom cushion edge Headrest thickness
Visual space Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions
Knee space For seats with kinematics and hinge point in the backrest
traverse path of headrest including extreme positions for basic
and hinged position
Clearance height below seat in front Seat pan pressure mapping
Length of armrest Headrest type (hammock, movable x-ways, integrated in
backrest foam)
Width of armrest Foam hardness
Seat width between armrests
Usable seat bottom cushion width between armrests
Ingress/egress at 28 in (711,2 mm), 30 in (762 mm), 32 in
(812,8 mm) pitch, each with backrest table
deployed/undeployed at no and full recline
7
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
Table 2 — Premium class passenger seats lie flat
Living space Comfort
Lie flat business class metrics
Shoulder obstruction height Armrest height relative to cushion height
Pitch Seat height
Table height over bottom cushion edge Cushion height above cabin floor level in upright (TTL) mode
3-D living space Seat surface climate
Visual space Total seat depth in full recline position
Knee space Average bed angle in full recline position
Bed length in full recline position Headrest thickness
Seat bottom width in upright (TTL) position Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions
Bed width at elbow level 43 in (1 092,2 mm) from end of bed in Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline)
full recline position
Bed with at shoulder level 60 in (1 524 mm) from end of bed in Seat pan pressure mapping
full recline position
Length of armrest Headrest type (hammock, movable x-ways, integrated in
backrest foam)
Width of armrest Foam hardness
Seat width between armrests
Usable seat bottom cushion width between armrests
Table 3 — Premium class passenger seats full flat
Living space Comfort
Full flat/full horizontal business class metrics
Shoulder obstruction height Armrest height relative to cushion height
Pitch Seat height
3-D living space Seat surface climate
Table height over bottom cushion edge Cushion height above cabin floor level in upright (TTL) mode
Visual space Total seat depth in full recline position
Knee space Headrest thickness
Bed length in full recline position Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions
Seat bottom width in upright (TTL) position Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline)
Bed width at elbow level 43 in (1 092,2 mm) from end of bed in Seat pan pressure mapping
full recline position
Living space at elbow level in full recline position Headrest type (hammock, movable x-ways, integrated in
backrest foam)
Bed width at shoulder level 60 in (1 524 mm) from end of bed Foam hardness
in full recline position
Length of armrest
Width of armrest
Seat width between armrests
Usable seat bottom cushion width between armrests
8
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
5 Technical/geometric definitions and measurement methods
5.1 General
This clause specifies the different geometrical points from which measures are taken. Measuring
methods are indicated below each of the measure explanations and figures. They shall be used to
provide an objective and reproducible result for each seat measured. Measurements shall be carried out
as indicated using anthropomorphic dummies (95%ile, 50%ile male and 5%ile Japanese female)
according to SAE AS8049B if not stated differently. In case of non-availability, humans matching the
anthropomorphic data may be used. Measures shall be taken in an upright and fully reclined position.
5.2 Cushion reference point (CRP)
5.2.1 CRP definition
The cushion reference point (CRP), see Figure 2, is defined as the intersection of the plane of the
uncompressed top of the seat cushion with the plane perpendicular to the seat cushion, which touches
the most forward surface of the uncompressed centre of the seat back.
If a lumbar device is provided, and if it alters the position of the CRP, then the most extended position
(most forward position of the CRP) must be considered.
Key
1 Uncompressed cushions centre line
2 Plane perpendicular to seat cushion touching most forward surface of uncompressed centre of seat back
3 Cushion reference point (CRP)
4 Top of track
Figure 2 — Cushion reference point (CRP)
5.2.2 CRP measurement method
Place a thin, but rigid sheet of metal or plastic on top of the uncompressed seat bottom cushion and
place a back square /tri-square with a long upper leg on top. Move the back square /tri-square towards
the uncompressed centre of the backrest cushion until it touches the most forward position of the
backrest cushion, be it a fully extended lumbar support or in the case of no lumbar support, the backrest
cushion itself. The point of intersection between the prolonged line of the contact to the backrest
cushion and the plane of the uncompressed seat bottom cushion perpendicular to it marks the cushion
reference point.
9
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
5.3 Seat reference point (SRP)
5.3.1 SRP definition
The seat reference point (SRP), see Figure 3, is the intersection of the compressed cushion datum (CCD)
and the back tangent line of a seat occupied by a 75 kg to 80 kg (160 lb to 180 lb) subject or 50%ile
male anthropomorphic test dummy (ATD). The methods achieving SRP data are derived from
SAE AS8049B.
Key
1 Compressed seat cushion lowest point (for H-point method plane 97 mm below H-point)
2 Seat reference point (SRP)
3 Top of track
Figure 3 — Seat reference point (SRP)
5.3.2 SRP measurement method
The SRP shall be measured in accordance with SAE AS8049B. The preferred measurement method is:
measure SRP with H-Point machine according to SAE J826.
H-point method using H-point machine - procedure for establishing SRP:
1) Place an H-point machine in the seat in accordance with SAE J826 and measure the horizontal and
vertical coordinate of a seat datum point (typically the front stud), the H-point, and note the
indicated seat back angle.
2) Establish the back tangent line. The back tangent line is the line parallel to the seat back angle
passing through a point 127 mm (5,0 in) directly behind the H-point.
3) Establish the compressed cushion datum (CCD). The CCD is a line parallel to the floor water line
97 mm (3,8 in) below the H-point.
4) The SRP is located at the intersection of the CCD and the back tangent line.
CAUTION — Measurement tolerances of up to ± 4 mm (0,157 in) in x-direction and ± 4 mm (0,157 in)
in z-direction need to be taken into account during measurement procedure with the H-point machine.
Measurement tolerances of up to ± 15 mm (0,591 in) in x-direction and ± 2 mm (0,079 in) in z-direction
need to be taken into account for repeated setting of the dummy in the seat.
10
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SIST EN 4723:2015
EN 4723:2015 (E)
5.4 Seat measurement reference point (SMRP) / Seat comfort reference point (SCRP)
5.4.1 SMRP/SCRP definition
The seat measurement reference point (SMRP) or seat comfort reference point (SCRP), see Figure 4, is
defined per common known criteria as the intersection of two extended planes:
The “compressed seat cushion height” plane runs parallel to the airplane floor at the point of maximum
compression of the seat bottom cushion by a 77 kg (170 lb) passenger.
The “seatback plane”: A six-inch wide plane parallel to the vertical centre axis of the seatback; running
through the front surface of the compressed seatback at points 3 in (76,2 mm) and 23 in (584,2 m
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 4723:2014
01-julij-2014
$HURQDYWLND6WDQGDUGL]LUDQHPHWRGH]DPHUMHQMHNULWHULMDXGREMDLQåLYOMHQMVNHJD
SURVWRUDSRWQLãNLKVHGHåHYY]UDþQLKSORYLOLK
Aerospace series - Standardized measurement methods for comfort and living space
criteria for aircraft passenger seats
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Standardisierte Meßmethoden für Komfort und Living Space
Kriterien bei Passagiersitzen im Flugzeug
Série aérospatiale - Mesure standardisée du confort et de léspace de vie des sièges
passagers dávion
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 4723
ICS:
49.095 Oprema za potnike in Passenger and cabin
oprema kabin equipment
oSIST prEN 4723:2014 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 4723:2014
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oSIST prEN 4723:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 4723
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2014
ICS
English Version
Aerospace series - Standardized measurement methods for
comfort and living space criteria for aircraft passenger seats
Série aérospatiale - Mesure standardisée du confort et de Luft- und Raumfahrt - Standardisierte Meßmethoden für
léspace de vie des sièges passagers dávion Komfort und Living Space Kriterien bei Passagiersitzen im
Flugzeug
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee ASD-STAN.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 4723:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 4723:2014
prEN 4723:2014 (E)
Contents
Page
Foreword .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Abbreviations and definitions .6
4 Requirements .7
4.1 General .7
4.2 Comfort and living space metrics .7
5 Technical/geometric definitions and measurement methods .9
5.1 Cushion reference point (CRP) .9
5.1.1 CRP definition .9
5.1.2 CRP measurement method .9
5.2 Seat reference point (SRP) . 10
5.2.1 SRP definition . 10
5.2.2 SRP measurement method . 10
5.3 Seat measurement reference point (SMRP) / Seat comfort reference point (SCRP) . 11
5.3.1 SMRP/SCRP definition . 11
5.3.2 SMRP / SCRP measurement method . 11
5.4 H-point . 11
5.4.1 H-point definition . 11
5.4.2 H-point measurement method . 12
6 Living space . 12
6.1 Pitch & 3-D living space . 12
6.1.1 Pitch & 3-D living space definition . 12
6.1.2 Pitch & 3-D living space measurement method . 13
6.2 Shin clearance (SHC) . 13
6.2.1 SHC definition . 13
6.2.2 SHC measurement method . 13
6.3 Shoulder obstruction height (SOH) . 14
6.3.1 SOH definition . 14
6.3.2 SOH measurement method . 14
6.4 Table height over bottom cushion edge (TH) . 15
6.4.1 TH definition . 15
6.4.2 TH measurement method . 15
6.5 Visual space (VS) . 15
6.5.1 VS definition . 15
6.5.2 VS measurement method . 16
6.6 Knee space (KS). 16
6.6.1 KS definition . 16
6.6.2 KS measurement method . 16
6.7 Foot Space (FS) . 17
6.7.1 FS definition . 17
6.7.2 FS measurement method . 17
6.8 Bed length in full recline position . 17
6.8.1 Bed length in full recline position definition . 17
6.8.2 Bed length in full recline measurement method . 18
6.9 Armrest length (ARL) . 18
6.9.1 ARL definition . 18
6.9.2 ARL measurement method . 18
2
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oSIST prEN 4723:2014
prEN 4723:2014 (E)
6.10 Armrest width in total (ARW) . 19
6.10.1 ARW definition . 19
6.10.2 ARW measurement method. 19
6.11 Seat width between armrests (SWAR) . 19
6.11.1 SWAR definition . 19
6.11.2 SWAR measurement methods . 20
6.12 Armrest height over compressed cushion height (ACH) . 20
6.12.1 ACH definition . 20
6.12.2 ACH measurement method . 20
6.13 Bed width at elbow level (43 in / 1 092,2 mm from end of bed) in full recline position . 20
6.13.1 Bed width at elbow level in full recline position definition . 20
6.13.2 Bed width at elbow level in full recline position measurement method . 21
6.14 Bed width at shoulder level . 21
6.14.1 Bed width at shoulder level definition . 21
6.14.2 Bed width at shoulder level measurement method . 22
7 Comfort . 22
7.1 Armrest top height over seat bottom cushion (TACH) . 22
7.1.1 TACH definition . 22
7.1.2 TACH measurement method . 23
7.2 Cushion height above cabin floor level (CHoF) . 23
7.2.1 Cushion height above cabin floor level definition . 23
7.2.2 Cushion height above cabin floor level measurement method . 23
7.3 Average bed angle in full recline position . 23
7.3.1 Average bed angle in full recline position definition . 23
7.3.2 Average bed angle in full recline position measurement method . 24
7.4 Headrest thickness (HT) . 24
7.4.1 Headrest thickness definition . 24
7.4.2 Headrest thickness measurement method . 25
7.5 Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions . 25
7.5.1 Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions definitions . 25
7.5.2 Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions measurement method . 25
7.6 Seat depth . 26
7.6.1 Seat depth definition . 26
7.6.2 Seat depth measurement method . 26
7.7 Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline) . 26
7.7.1 Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline) definition . 26
7.7.2 Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline) measurement method . 27
7.8 Seat bottom pressure mapping / distribution (BPD) . 27
7.8.1 Seat bottom pressure mapping definition . 27
7.8.2 Seat bottom pressure mapping measurement method . 28
7.9 Foam hardness . 28
7.9.1 Foam hardness definition . 28
7.9.2 Foam hardness measurement method . 28
7.10 Integrated seat climate definition . 28
7.10.1 Integrated seat climate definition . 28
7.10.2 Integrated seat climate measurement method . 28
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Foreword
This document (prEN 4723:2014) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of
Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN).
After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has
received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of ASD,
prior to its presentation to CEN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements and measurement methods for the capturing of passenger
living space and comfort.
The aim of this document is to improve the passenger comfort quality of the aircraft cabins and provide
measurement methods to clearly compare cabin seat layouts and seats in terms of the above.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 1856, Flexible cellular polymeric materials — Determination of compression set
SAE AS8049B, Performance Standard for Seats in Civil Rotorcraft, Transport Aircraft, and General Aviation
1)
Aircraft
1)
SAE J826, Devices for Use in Defining and Measuring Vehicle Seating Accommodations
ASTM D3574, Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials — Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane
2)
Foams
1)
Published by: SAE National (US) Society of Automotive Engineers http://www.sae.org/
2)
Published by: ASTM National (US) American Society for Testing and Materials http://www.astm.org/
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3 Abbreviations and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations and definitions apply.
A/C Aircraft
ACH Armrest height over compressed cushion height
ARL Armrest length
ARW Armrest width
ATD Anthropomorphic test dummy
BPD Seat bottom pressure distribution / mapping
CAD Computer-aided design
CCD Compressed cushion datum
CHoF Cushion height over floor level
CRP Cushion reference point
E/C Economy Class
e.g. exempli gratia (for example)
FS Foot space
H-point Hip-point
HR Headrest
HT Headrest thickness
KS Knee space
LR Long range
P/C Premium Class
PAX Passenger
SAE Society of automotive engineers
SCRP Seat comfort reference point
SHC Shine clearance
SOH Shoulder obstruction height
SMRP Seat measurement reference point
SRP Seat reference point
SWAR Seat width between armrests
TACH Armrest top height over seat bottom cushion
TH Table height over bottom cushion
TTL Taxi-take off-landing
VS Visual space
w/o Without
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4 Requirements
4.1 General
For the aim of this document the aircraft coordinate system is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Aircraft coordinate system
4.2 Comfort and living space metrics
Compliance with airworthiness requirements, e.g. passageways, minimum aisle widths between armrests etc.
are mandatory.
Comfort and living space criteria are often mixed up. Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 indicate the category each
criterion belongs to.
Table 1 — Economy class passenger seats
Living space Comfort
Economy class seat metrics
Pitch Armrest height relative to cushion height
3-D living space Seat surface climate
Shin clearance at 60°, 45° Cushion height above cabin floor level
Shin clearance at 35° for LR A/C only Seat depth
Shoulder obstruction height Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline)
Table height over bottom cushion edge Headrest thickness
Visual space Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions
Knee space For seats with kinematics and hinge point in the backrest
traverse path of headrest including extreme positions for
basic and hinged position
Clearance height below seat in front Seat pan pressure mapping
Length of armrest Headrest type (hammock, movable x-ways, integrated in
backrest foam)
Width of armrest Foam hardness
Seat width between armrests
Usable seat bottom cushion width between armrests
Ingress/egress at 28 in (711,2 mm), 30 in (762 mm), 32 in
(812,8 mm) pitch, each with backrest table
deployed/undeployed at no and full recline
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Table 2 — Premium class passenger seats lie flat
Living space Comfort
Lie flat business class metrics
Shoulder obstruction height Armrest height relative to cushion height
Pitch Seat height
Table height over bottom cushion edge Cushion height above cabin floor level in upright (TTL) mode
3-D living space Seat surface climate
Visual space Total seat depth in full recline position
Knee space Average bed angle in full recline position
Bed length in full recline position Headrest thickness
Seat bottom width in upright (TTL) position Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions
Bed width at elbow level 43 in (1 092,2 mm) from end of bed Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline)
in full recline position
Bed with at shoulder level 60 in (1 524 mm) from end of bed Seat pan pressure mapping
in full recline position
Length of armrest Headrest type (hammock, movable x-ways, integrated in
backrest foam)
Width of armrest Foam hardness
Seat width between armrests
Usable seat bottom cushion width between armrests
Table 3 — Premium class passenger seats full flat
Living space Comfort
Full flat/full horizontal business class metrics
Shoulder obstruction height Armrest height relative to cushion height
Pitch Seat height
3-D living space Seat surface climate
Table height over bottom cushion edge Cushion height above cabin floor level in upright (TTL) mode
Visual space Total seat depth in full recline position
Knee space Headrest thickness
Bed length in full recline position Traverse path of headrest including extreme positions
Seat bottom width in upright (TTL) position Backrest angle to seat bottom cushion (with and w/o recline)
Bed width at elbow level 43 in (1 092,2 mm) from end of bed Seat pan pressure mapping
in full recline position
Living space at elbow level in full recline position Headrest type (hammock, movable x-ways, integrated in
backrest foam)
Bed width at shoulder level 60 in (1 524 mm) from end of bed Foam hardness
in full recline position
Length of armrest
Width of armrest
Seat width between armrests
Usable seat bottom cushion width between armrests
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5 Technical/geometric definitions and measurement methods
This chapter informs about the different geometrical points from which measures are taken. Measuring
methods are indicated below each of the measure explanations and sketches. They shall help to provide an
objective and reproducible result for each seat measured. Measurements shall be carried out as indicated
using anthropomorphic dummies (95%ile, 50%ile male and 5%ile Japanese female) according to
SAE AS8049B if not stated differently. In case of non-availability, humans matching the anthropomorphic data
can be used. Generally speaking, measures shall be taken in an upright and fully reclined position.
5.1 Cushion reference point (CRP)
5.1.1 CRP definition
The cushion reference point (CRP), see Figure 2, is defined as the intersection of the plane of the
uncompressed top of the seat cushion with the plane perpendicular to the seat cushion, which touches the
most forward surface of the uncompressed centre of the seat back.
If a lumbar device is provided, and if it alters the position of the CRP, then the most extended position (most
forward position of the CRP) must be considered.
Key
1 Uncompressed cushions centre line
2 Plane perpendicular to seat cushion touching most forward surface of uncompressed centre of seat back
3 Cushion reference point (CRP)
4 Top of track
Figure 2 — Cushion reference point (CRP)
5.1.2 CRP measurement method
Place a thin, but rigid sheet of metal or plastic on top of the uncompressed seat bottom cushion and place a
back square /tri-square with a long upper leg on top. Move the back square /tri-square towards the
uncompressed centre of the backrest cushion until it touches the most forward position of the backrest
cushion, be it a fully extended lumbar support or in the case of no lumbar support, the backrest cushion itself.
The point of intersection between the prolonged line of the contact to the backrest cushion and the plane of
the uncompressed seat bottom cushion perpendicular to it marks the cushion reference point.
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5.2 Seat reference point (SRP)
5.2.1 SRP definition
The seat reference point (SRP), see Figure 3, is the intersection of the compressed cushion datum (CCD) and
the back tangent line of a seat occupied by a 75 kg to 80 kg (160 lb to 180 lb) subject or 50%ile male
anthropomorphic test dummy (ATD). The methods achieving SRP data is derived from SAE AS8049B.
Key
1 Compressed seat cushion lowest point (for H-point method plane 97 mm below H-point)
2 Seat reference point (SRP)
3 Top of track
Figure 3 — Seat reference point (SRP)
5.2.2 SRP measurement method
The SRP shall be measured in accordance with SAE AS8049B. The preferred measurement method is:
measure SRP with H-Point machine according to SAE J826.
H-point method using H-point machine - procedure for establishing SRP:
1) Place an H-point machine in the seat in accordance with SAE J826 and measure the horizontal and
vertical coordinate of a seat datum point (typically the front stud), the H-point, and note the indicated
seat back angle.
2) Establish the back tangent line. The back tangent line is the line parallel to the seat back angle
passing through a point 127 mm (5.0 in) directly behind the H-point.
3) Establish the compressed cushion datum (CCD). The CCD is a line parallel to the floor water line
97 mm (3.8 in) below the H-point.
4) The SRP is located at the intersection of the CCD and the back tangent line.
CAUTION — Measurement tolerances of up to ± 4 mm (0.157 in) in x-direction and ± 4 mm (0.157 in) in
z-direction need to be taken into account during measurement procedure with the H-point machine.
Measurement tolerances of up to ± 15 mm (0.591 in) in x-direction and ± 2 mm (0.079 in) in z-direction need
to be taken into account for repeated setting of the dummy in the seat.
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5.3 Seat measurement reference point (SMRP) / Seat comfort reference point (SCRP)
5.3.1 SMRP/SCRP definition
The seat measurement reference point (SMRP) or seat comfort reference point (SCRP), see Figure 4, is
defined per common known criteria as the intersection of two extended planes:
The “compressed seat cushion height” plane runs parallel to the airplane floor at the point of maximum
compression of the seat bottom cushion by a 77 kg (170 lb) passenger.
The “seatback plane”: A six-inch wide plane parallel to the vertical centre axis of the seatback; running
through the front surface of the compressed seatback at points 3 in (76,2 mm) and 23 in (584,2 mm) above
the “compressed seat cushion height”.
Key
1 Compressed seatback at 23 in (584,2 mm)
2 SMRP/SCRP
3 Compressed seat cushion lowest point
4 Compressed seatback at 3 in (76,2 mm)
5 Top of track
Figure 4 — Seat comfort reference point (SCRP/SMRP)
5.3.2 SMRP / SCRP measurement method
The SMRP/SCRP is to be measured with a 3-D CAD system. The seat including the full geometry of the seat
cushions need to be reflected in the 3-D CAD system. The compressed seat bottom cushion plane shall be
drawn parallel to the top of track plane at a height to which a 77 kg (170 lb) weight passenger equivalent to a
50%ile SAE anthropomorphic dummy has compressed the cushion. The seatback plane is designed by
drawing a six-inch wide plane parallel to the vertical centre axis of the seatback and running through the front
surface of the compressed seatback at points 3 in (76,2 mm) and 23 in (584,2 mm) above the previously
measured compressed seat cushion height.
5.4 H-point
5.4.1 H-point definition
The H-point is defined as the point where centre-lines of upper torso and femoral of the dummy (50%ile male)
seated in upright position meet, see Figure 5.
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