SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
(Main)Food processing machinery - Bowl lifting and tilting machines - Safety and hygiene requirements
Food processing machinery - Bowl lifting and tilting machines - Safety and hygiene requirements
This European Standard specifies safety and hygiene requirements for the design, installation, operation and maintenance of lifting and tilting machines used, in bakeries, for lifting and/or tilting a container or a machine with non removable bowl containing dough or pastry and for tipping the contents at the top end of the stroke.
The lifting and tilting machines can be stationary or movable and are designed for semi-manufactured products (mixtures of flour, water and other ingredients) or raw material (flour, mixtures etc.). The direction of lifting can be vertical, inclined or combined and follows a track fixed by mechanical guides, or articulated arms.
This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to lifting and tilting machines, when used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4).
This European Standard does not deal with the hazards due to the mixing or other function of the bowl (for dough mixers see EN 453).
The following machines are excluded:
- experimental and testing machines under development by the manufacturer;
- domestic appliances;
- automatic mobile equipment, for example bucket trucks;
- lift trucks;
- automatic devices working in automatic production lines (where the initiation of the movement is not due to an human action).
Also excluded, are the hazards due to the powered movement of mobile machines.
When drafting this European Standard, it has been assumed that the machines are not intended to be cleaned with a water jet.
Noise is not considered to be a significant hazard by lifting and tilting machines for bakery. This does not mean that the manufacturer of the machine is absolved from reducing noise and making a noise declaration. A noise test code is therefore given in Annex A.
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Hub- und Kippeinrichtungen für Bottiche - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen
Dieses Dokument beschreibt die Sicherheits und Hygieneanforderungen für die Konstruktion, den Betrieb und die Wartung von Hub und Kippeinrichtungen, die zum Anheben und/oder Kippen eines Troges oder einer Maschine mit einem in Bäckereien genutzten nichtaustauschbaren mit Teig oder Konditoreiwaren gefüllten Bottich und zum Auskippen des Inhalts am oberen Endanschlag genutzt werden.
Die Hub und Kippeinrichtungen können fest stehend oder verfahrbar sein und sind für halbfertige Produkte (Mischungen aus Mehl, Wasser und anderen Zutaten) und Rohstoffe (Mehl, Mischungen usw.) konstruiert. Die Hubrichtung kann vertikal, geneigt oder kombiniert sein und folgt einer Bahn, die durch mechanische Führungen oder Gelenkarme festgelegt ist.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt signifikante Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse, die auf Hub und Kippeinrichtungen zutreffen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und unter Bedingungen von durch den Hersteller vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendungen verwendet werden (siehe Abschnitt 4).
Folgende Maschinen sind ausgeschlossen:
- Versuchs und Prüfmaschinen, die beim Hersteller in Entwicklung sind;
- Haushaltsgeräte;
- kraftbewegte Hebezeuge, wie z. B. Trogförderer;
- Hubwagen;
- automatische in Produktionslinien arbeitende Geräte (bei denen die Bewegung nicht durch eine unmittelbare Aktion des Operators ausgelöst wird).
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für angetriebene Ausrüstungen, die die Beweglichkeit der Hub- und Kippeinrichtung unterstützen.
Während der Erarbeitung dieser Europäischen Norm wurde angenommen, dass es nicht vorgesehen ist, diese Maschinen mit einem Wasserstrahl zu reinigen.
Die Gefährdung durch Lärm wird bei diesen Maschinen als nicht signifikant eingestuft. Das bedeutet nicht, dass der Hersteller dieser Maschinen von Geräuschminderungsmaßnahmen und einer Erklärung zur Geräuschentwicklung befreit ist. Dafür ist das Geräuschmessverfahren im Anhang A angehängt.
(...)
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Machines élévateurs/basculeurs de cuve - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l'hygiène
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions d'hygiène et de sécurité relatives à la conception, l'installation, le fonctionnement et la maintenance des élévateurs et basculeurs utilisés dans les boulangeries pour le levage et/ou le basculement d'un conteneur ou d'une machine équipés d'une cuve non amovible contenant de la pâte ou de la pâtisserie, et pour le renversement du contenu en fin de couse haute.
Les élévateurs/basculeurs peuvent être fixes ou amovibles et sont conçus pour des produits semi-finis (mélanges de farine, eau et autres ingrédients) ou pour des matières premières (farine, mélanges, etc.). L'élévation peut être verticale, oblique ou combinée et suit un parcours déterminé par des guides mécaniques ou des bras articulés.
!La présente Norme européenne traite des phénomènes dangereux, situations et événements dangereux significatifs spécifiques aux élévateurs et aux basculeurs, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés normalement et dans des conditions de mauvaise utilisation raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant (voir Article 4)."
La présente Norme européenne ne traite pas des phénomènes dangereux provoqués par le mélange ou une autre fonction de la cuve (pour les pétrins, voir l'EN 453).
Les machines suivantes sont exclues :
les machines expérimentales et d'essais en cours de mise au point par le fabricant ;
les appareils domestiques ;
les équipements mobiles automatiques, par exemple les chariots à godet ;
les chariots-élévateurs ;
les appareils automatiques utilisés sur des chaînes de production automatisées (avec lesquelles l'activation du mouvement n'est pas due à l'action de l'homme).
!La présente Norme européenne ne traite pas des équipements électriques pouvant être fournis dans le but de favoriser la mobilité des élévateurs/basculeurs de cuve mobiles."
Lors de l'élaboration de la présente Norme européenne, il a été supposé que les machines ne sont pas destinées à être nettoyées au moyen d'un jet d'eau.
Stroji za predelavo hrane - Dvigalniki in zvračalniki za posode - Varnostne in higienske zahteve
Ta evropski standard določa varnostne in higienske zahteve za načrtovanje, namestitev, delovanje in vzdrževanje dvigalnikov in zvračalnikov uporabljenih za pekarne, za dvigovanje in/ali zvračanje zabojnika ali stroja z neodstranljivo posodo, ki vsebuje testo ali krhko testo in za odlaganje vsebine na zgornjem koncu giba. Dvigalni in zvračalni stroji so lahko stalni ali premični in so načrtovani za polizdelane izdelke (mešanica moke, vode in druge sestavine) ali surove materiale (moka, mešanice itd.). Smer dvigovanja je lahko navpična, poševna ali kombinirana in sledi tirnici, pritrjeni z mehanskimi vodili ali zgibnimi rokami. Ta evropski standard obravnava velike nevarnosti, nevarne situacije in primere, ki se tičejo dvižnih in zvračalnih strojev, kadar se uporabljajo, kot je predvideno, in pod pogoji napačne uporabe, ki jih razumno predvidi proizvajalec (glej Klavzulo 4). Ta evropski standard se ne ukvarja z nevarnostmi, ki so posledica mešanja ali druge funkcije posode (za mešalnike testa glej EN 453). Izvzeti so naslednji stroji: - eksperimentalni in preskusni stroji, ki jih razvija proizvajalec; -gospodinjske naprave; - samodejne prenosne naprave, na primer dvižne košare; - viličarji; - samodejne naprave, ki delujejo v samodejnih proizvodnih linijah (kjer do zagona gibanja ne pride zaradi človeškega delovanja). Ta evropski standard se ne ukvarja z gnano opremo, ki lahko služi za pomoč pri gibanju premičnih dvigalnikov in zvračalnikov. Med pripravo osnutka tega evropskega standarda je bilo predvideno, da stroji niso namenjeni za čiščenje z vodnim curkom. Hrup dvigalnikov in zvračalnikov ne šteje kot velika nevarnost za pekarne. To ne pomeni, da je proizvajalec stroja oproščen zmanjševanja hrupa in priprave označbe hrupa. Preskusna koda hrupa je podana v Dodatku A. Ta evropski standard ne velja za dvigalnike in zvračalnike za pekarne, ki so bili izdelani pred datumom, ko je CEN objavil ta evropski standard.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Hub- und Kippeinrichtungen für Bottiche - Sicherheits- und HygieneanforderungenMachines pour les produits alimentaires - Machines élévateurs/basculeurs de cuve - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l'hygièneFood processing machinery - Bowl lifting and tilting machines - Safety and hygiene requirements67.260Tovarne in oprema za živilsko industrijoPlants and equipment for the food industryICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13288:2005+A1:2009SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010en01-marec-2010SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13288:2005+A1
December 2009 ICS 67.260 Supersedes EN 13288:2005English Version
Food processing machinery - Bowl lifting and tilting machines - Safety and hygiene requirements
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Machines élévateurs/basculeurs de cuve - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l'hygiène
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Hub- und Kippeinrichtungen für Bottiche - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 August 2005 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 1 November 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13288:2005+A1:2009: ESIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
!!!!Protection against earth faults in control circuits"""" . 175.3.5 Emergency stop . 175.3.6 Start function !!!!deleted text"""" . 185.3.7 Unexpected start-up !!!!deleted text"""" . 185.3.8
!!!!Motor enclosures"""" . 185.3.9 Electrical requirements of controls . 185.4 Hygiene requirements . 185.4.1 Food area . 185.4.2 Splash area . 185.4.3 Non food area . 185.5 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles . 205.6 Pneumatic and hydraulic equipment . 206 Verification of safety and hygiene requirements and/or protective measures . 207 Information for use . 217.1 General . 217.2 Signal and warning devices . 217.3 Instruction handbook . 217.4 Marking . 23SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
Noise test code for lifting and tilting machines for bakery (Grade 2 of accuracy) . 24A.1 Terms and definitions . 24A.2 Installation and mounting conditions . 24A.3 Operating conditions . 24A.3.1 Operating conditions for machines of types A and B . 24A.3.2 Operating conditions for machines of type C . 24A.4 Emission sound pressure level determination . 25A.5 Measurement uncertainties . 25A.6 Information to be recorded . 25A.7 Information to be reported. 25A.8 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 26Annex B (normative)
Principles of design to ensure the cleanability of lifting and tilting machines for bakery . 27B.1 Definitions . 27B.2 Materials of construction . 27B.2.1
!!!!Type of materials"""" . 27B.2.2 Surface conditions . 27B.3 Design . 29B.3.1 Connections of internal surfaces . 29B.3.2 Surface assemblies and overlaps . 32B.3.3 Fasteners . 36B.3.4 Feet, support and bases for cleaning the machines underneath . 38B.3.5 Ventilation openings . 39B.3.6 Hinges . 40B.3.7 Control panel . 41Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC . 43Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""" . 44Bibliography . 45
“double guide” (the bowl or mixing machine moves on two vertical or inclined guides and can be dismantled. The device is generally provided with a cable or chain hoist mechanism); and “articulated arm” machines (the bowl or mixing machine can be dismantled and is moved by one or more articulated arms driven mechanically or hydraulically or pneumatically) exist. 3.2.2 Type A: Lifting and tilting bowl (see Figures 1a, 1b and 1c) The bowl can be dismantled from the dough mixer. It moves on vertical or inclined guides or is guided by one or more articulated arms. The device is generally provided with a cable or chain hoist mechanism. SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
Figure 1a: Type A — Simple guide Figure 1b: Type A — Double guide Figure 1c: Type A — Articulated arm 3.2.3 Type B: Lifting and tilting mixing machine (see Figures 2a and 2b) The mixing machine (usually dough mixer) is incorporated to the elevator and guided by a single or double, vertical or inclined mast or even by one or more articulated arms. Raising or lowering may be by a screw or chain or hydraulic or pneumatic lifting system. SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
Figure 2a: Type B — Mixing machine incorporated into simple guide elevator
Figure 2b: Type B — Mixing machine incorporated into articulated arm elevator 3.2.4 Type C: Tilting bowl (see Figure 3) The bowl can be dismantled from the dough mixer and is located on a fork or platform. When the bowl is in position, the machine makes a rotation around a fixed axis. The device is driven mechanically or hydraulically or pneumatically. SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
Figure 3: Type C — Tilting bowl machine 4 List of significant hazards 4.1 General This Clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. Before using this European Standard it is important to carry out a risk assessment of the lifting and tilting machine to check that its significant hazards are identified in this clause. 4.2 Mechanical hazards Figures 4a, 4b, and 4c indicate the hazard zones. Individual hazards in these zones are as follows: Zone 1: Area below bowl and/or mixing machine: hazards of trapping and crushing at ground level during normal descent; hazards of impact or crushing by uncontrolled descent e. g. in the event of mechanical failure or failure of the control system; Zone 2:
Path of movement of bowl and/or mixing machine: hazards of impact with moving parts; hazards of crushing or shearing between moving and fixed components; Zone 3: Transmission machinery and (where used) pulleys and chains or wire ropes: hazards of drawing in, shearing, crushing or entanglement; SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
Figure 4b — Danger zones for
a double guide machine
Figure 4c — Danger zones for an articulated arm machine 4.3 Electrical hazards Hazard of electric shock from direct or indirect contact with live components. Hazard of external influences on electrical equipment (e.g. cleaning with water). 4.4 Hazard generated by neglecting hygienic design principles The neglect of hygienic principles can create unacceptable modification of foodstuff and therefore a risk to human health of the operator and consumer, i.e. through physical, chemical or microbial pollution. SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
Figure 5 — Physical delimitation of the hazard area
5.2.2.2 Uncontrolled descent of the bowl or mixing machine shall be prevented. All the following measures are necessary as far as they are relevant: a) ensure satisfactory mechanical integrity, the machine shall satisfy the static and dynamic tests set out in 5.2.6; SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
5.2.6.1 General Static and dynamic tests shall be carried out on each machine. Stability test can be carried out as a type examination. Machines shall be designed to be stable and shall comply with the following requirements: if the machine is fixed, the instruction handbook shall indicate the value of forces at fixing points and the machine shall pass the tests given in 5.2.6.2.2 and 5.2.6.2.3; if the machine is not fixed, it shall pass the tests given in 5.2.6.2.2, 5.2.6.2.3 and 5.2.6.2.4. Moreover, independent machines with castors shall have at least two castors (or sets of castors) fitted with a locking device which stops the castors from turning and the wheels from rolling. 5.2.6.2 Overload tests 5.2.6.2.1 General For the purpose of this European Standard, the critical mass for the overload tests is the sum of: mass of the bowl and its support or the entire mixing machine; plus nominal mass of dough specified by the manufacturer in the instruction handbook. 5.2.6.2.2 Static test This test consists of loading the machine vessel with a load equal to 150 % of the maximum load declared by the manufacturer, and raising it to the position just before bowl tipping. The test duration shall be at least of one hour without moving the bowl. During the test, the capability of the structure to maintain the load in position shall be verified. In case of hydraulic and pneumatic devices, a lowering of 10 cm/h is permissible. At the end of the test, after load removal, no permanent deformation shall be observed. 5.2.6.2.3 Dynamic test The test consists of loading the machine with 110 % of the maximum load declared by the manufacturer, and carrying out three complete raising and lowering movements with this load without tilting at the nominal speed (or the highest speed in case of different speed). The mechanisms shall function correctly during the test, but neither velocity nor heating is to be considered. During this test, also the safety devices, referred in 5.2.2.2, shall be tested. After their operation, a 200 mm load movement is permissible. SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
The machines shall have sufficient immunity to electromagnetic disturbances to enable them to operate safely as intended and not fail to danger when exposed to the levels and types of disturbances intended by the manufacturer. The manufacturer of the machines shall design, install and wire the equipment and sub-assemblies taking into account the recommendations of the suppliers of these sub-assemblies. 5.3.2 Protection against electric shock !!!!deleted text"""" The electrical equipment shall comply with !Clause 6 of EN 60204-1:2006". For wheel-mounted lifting and tilting machines, the manufacturer shall specify in the instructions handbook: rules for installation of the cable; and/or type of supply cable to be used for limiting the risk of damaging the cable. 5.3.3 Power circuits !!!!deleted text"""" Devices for detection and interruption of over-current have to be applied to each live conductor in compliance with !7.2.3 of EN 60204-1:2006". In case of single phase machines, no such device is required for the earthed neutral conductor ! 5.3.4 Protection against earth faults in control circuits For machinery supplied from a single-phase conductor and an earthed neutral conductor, there is no requirement for double pole interruption of the control circuit. The single pole interruption shall be in the phase conductor (see 9.4.3.1 of EN 60204-1:2006). 5.3.5 Emergency stop Machines shall be fitted with at least one emergency stop (see 10.7 of EN 60204-1:2006), as far as the risk assessment carried out by the manufacturer doesn't allow to establish that such a device would not reduce the stopping time, or would not enable the special measures, required to deal with the risk, to be taken. In general no emergency stop is required for bowl lifting and tilting machines. In this case particular attention shall be given to the accessibility of the normal OFF switch from the operator position." SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
Start devices shall be designed to reduce the risk of inadvertent operation by conforming to !10.6 of EN 60204-1:2006".
5.3.7 Unexpected start-up !!!!deleted text""""
The hazards from mechanical parts unexpectedly restarting by restoration of energy supply after an interruption shall be provided by conforming to !7.5 of EN 60204-1:2006". ! 5.3.8 Motor enclosures Where a motor has a degree of protection lower than IP23 (see EN 60529:1991) it shall be mounted inside an enclosure (see 14.2 of EN 60204-1:2006) that guarantees a minimum degree of protection of IP23 (see EN 60529:1991)." 5.3.9 Electrical requirements of controls
Control actuating devices, signals and display elements shall have a degree of protection IP54 (see EN 60529). 5.4 Hygiene requirements Lifting and tilting machines shall be designed and manufactured in accordance with EN 1672-2 and Annex B of this European Standard. The three areas defined in EN 1672-2 are shown in Figures 6a) and 6b) and are in general at least as follows; the precise boundary between the areas depends on the detailed design of the machine. 5.4.1 Food area The food area includes: inside and lip of the container; internal surfaces of the hopper (e. g. for a dough mixer lifting machine, see Figure 6b, mark 1). 5.4.2 Splash area The splash area includes: external surfaces of the bowl with the exception of the bottom. 5.4.3 Non food area This area includes the rest of the machine. SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
Key
Food area
Splash area
Non food area Figure 6a — Hygiene areas on double guide lifting and tilting machine
Key 1 Hopper for transfer
Food area
Splash area
Non food area Figure 6b — Hygiene areas on mixing machine incorporated to elevator SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
By inspection and by measurement. 5.2.5 Zone 4 – Discharge zone By inspection. 5.2.6 Mechanical strength and stability Individual static and dynamic tests. Type test for the stability. !5.3 Electrical hazard Verification shall be in accordance with Clause 18 of EN 60204-1:2006." 5.4 Hygiene requirements In accordance with Clause 6 of EN 1672-2:2005 and Annex B of this European Standard. 5.5 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles By measurement of the forces, by inspection of the visibility of the indications, buttons, etc. 5.6 Pneumatic and hydraulic equipment By inspection and testing. 7 Information for use 7.1 General Information for use shall meet the requirements of Clause 6 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003. An instruction handbook shall be provided. 7.2 Signal and warning devices Permanent warnings shall be provided for the residual risks. Where possible pictograms shall be used according to EN 61310-1. Example of warnings to be considered are listed below: warning for the hazard due to the descending bowl (if no complete enclosure); for movable machines, warning that the machine should not be moved with the load in high position, and a prohibition of standing on the machine during transportation. 7.3 Instruction handbook The manufacturer shall provide an instruction handbook in accordance with 6.5 in EN ISO 12100-2:2003. Specially, the instruction handbook shall provide: a) provisions for handling, transportation, storage, installation, starting up; SIST EN 13288:2006+A1:2010
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