oSIST prEN IEC 62146-2:2022

Grading capacitors for high-voltage alternating current circuit-breakers - Part 2: TRV capacitors

Condensateurs de répartition pour disjoncteurs à courant alternatif haute tension - Partie 2: Condensateurs TTR

Kondenzatorji za izravnavo potenciala pri visokonapetostnih odklopnikih za izmenični tok - 2. del: Kondenzatorji TRV

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 30-Jun-2022
• ICS: 31.060 - Capacitors
• ICS: 31.060.70 - Power capacitors
• Technical Committee: I09 - Imaginarni 09
• Current Stage: 4020 - Public enquire (PE) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 03-May-2022
• Due Date: 20-Sep-2022
• Ref Project: prEN IEC 62146-2:2022 - Grading capacitors for high-voltage alternating current circuit-breakers - Part 2: TRV capacitors

Standards Content (sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 62146-2:2022
01-junij-2022
Kondenzatorji za izravnavo potenciala pri visokonapetostnih odklopnikih za
izmenični tok - 2. del: Kondenzatorji TRV

Grading capacitors for high-voltage alternating current circuit-breakers - Part 2: TRV

capacitors

Condensateurs de répartition pour disjoncteurs à courant alternatif haute tension - Partie

2: Condensateurs TTR
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 62146-2:2022
ICS:
31.060.70 Močnostni kondenzatorji Power capacitors
oSIST prEN IEC 62146-2:2022 en

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN IEC 62146-2:2022
33/673/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 62146-2 ED1
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2022-04-22 2022-07-15
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
33/657/CD, 33/661A/CC
IEC TC 33 : POWER CAPACITORS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Italy Mr Stefano Zunino
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
SC 17A
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any,
in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY

SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING

Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft
for Vote (CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.

This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.

Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which

they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
TITLE:

Grading capacitors for high-voltage alternating current circuit-breakers - Part 2: TRV capacitors

PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2025
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:

Copyright © 2022 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download

this electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee

positions. You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose

without permission in writing from IEC.
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1 CONTENTS

2 CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................ 1

3 FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 4

4 1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 6

5 2 Normative references ...................................................................................................... 6

6 3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................... 7

7 4 Abbreviations .................................................................................................................. 8

8 5 Service conditions ........................................................................................................... 8

9 6 Ratings ............................................................................................................................ 8

10 6.1 Rated voltage (U ) .................................................................................................. 8

11 6.2 Rated insulation level .............................................................................................. 8

12 6.3 Rated frequency (f ) .............................................................................................. 10

13 7 Design and construction ................................................................................................ 10

14 7.1 Capacitance tolerances ......................................................................................... 10

15 7.2 Capacitor loss requirements.................................................................................. 10

16 7.3 Partial discharge level ........................................................................................... 10

17 7.4 Angle of mounting ................................................................................................. 11

18 7.5 Minimum withstand value of mechanical bending load ........................................... 11

19 7.5.1 Capacitors mounted on air insulated circuit-breaker ....................................... 11

20 7.5.2 Immersed capacitors ..................................................................................... 11

21 7.5.3 Freestanding capacitors ................................................................................ 11

22 7.6 Requirements for impregnation medium in capacitor ............................................. 11

23 7.7 Protection against corrosion .................................................................................. 11

24 7.8 Marking of the equipment ...................................................................................... 11

25 7.9 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators ............................................................ 12

26 7.10 Tightness .............................................................................................................. 12

27 8 Type tests ..................................................................................................................... 12

28 8.1 Information for identification of specimens ............................................................ 12

29 8.2 Information to be included in type-test reports....................................................... 12

30 8.3 Test conditions ..................................................................................................... 12

31 8.4 Electrical type tests ............................................................................................... 12

32 8.4.1 General ......................................................................................................... 12

33 8.4.2 Switching impulse voltage test ....................................................................... 13

34 8.4.3 Lightning and chopped impulse voltage test ................................................... 13

35 8.5 Voltage test at low and high temperature .............................................................. 14

36 8.5.1 Test procedure .............................................................................................. 14

37 8.5.2 Capacitor reduced-scale model design .......................................................... 14

38 8.6 Radio Interference Voltage (RIV) test .................................................................... 14

39 8.7 Short-circuit discharge test ................................................................................... 14

40 8.8 Resonance frequency measurements ................................................................... 15

41 8.9 Mechanical bending test ....................................................................................... 15

42 8.10 Tightness test at different temperatures ................................................................ 15

43 8.11 Tightness test to check gas ingress from pressurized environment ....................... 15

44 8.12 Vibration test ........................................................................................................ 15

45 9 Routine tests ................................................................................................................. 16

46 9.1 General ................................................................................................................. 16

47 9.2 Test conditions ..................................................................................................... 16

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48 9.3 Capacitance and loss angle measurements at power frequency ............................ 16

49 9.4 Power frequency voltage test ................................................................................ 16

50 9.5 Partial discharge test ............................................................................................ 16

51 9.6 Tightness test ....................................................................................................... 17

52 9.6.1 General ......................................................................................................... 17

53 9.6.2 Oil impregnated capacitor .............................................................................. 17

54 9.6.3 Tightness test for gas filled capacitors ........................................................... 17

55 9.7 Visual inspection and dimensional check .............................................................. 17

56 10 Recommendations for transport, storage, erection, operation, and maintenance ............ 17

57 11 Safety ............................................................................................................................ 18

58 11.1 General ................................................................................................................. 18

59 11.2 Precautions by manufacturers ............................................................................... 18

60 11.3 Precautions by users ............................................................................................ 18

61 11.4 National regulations .............................................................................................. 18

62 12 Environmental aspects .................................................................................................. 18

64 Figure 1 – Electrical type tests sequence .............................................................................. 13

65 Figure 2 – Reduced scale model capacitor element geometry ............................................... 14

66 Figure 3 – Electrical routine test sequence ........................................................................... 16

68 Table 1 – Standard insulation levels – Range I (Ur < 300 kV) ................................................. 9

69 Table 2 – Standard insulation levels – Range II (Ur ≥ 300 kV) ................................................. 9

70 Table 3 – Partial discharge test voltages and permissible levels ........................................... 10

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73 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
74 ____________
76 CAPACITORS FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUIT-
77 BREAKERS - PART 2: TRV CAPACITORS
79 FOREWORD

80 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising

81 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is t o promote international

82 co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and

83 in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,

84 Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their

85 preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with

86 may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental, and non-governmental organizations

87 liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International

88 Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two

89 organizations.

90 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international

91 consensus on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC

92 National Committees.

93 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National

94 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC

95 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any

96 misinterpretation by any end user.

97 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications

98 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between

99 any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.

100 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity

101 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any

102 services carried out by independent certification bodies.

103 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.

104 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants, or agents including individual experts and

105 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or

106 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and

107 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC

108 Publications.

109 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is

110 indispensable for the correct application of this publication.

111 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent

112 rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

113

114 International Standard IEC 62146-2 has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee 33: Power

115 capacitors and their applications.
116 The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
XX/XX/FDIS XX/XX/RVD
117

118 Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the

119 report on voting indicated in the above table.

120 This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

121 The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the

122 stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to

123 the specific document. At this date, the document will be
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124 • reconfirmed,
125 • withdrawn,
126 • replaced by a revised edition, or
127 • amended.
128
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129 CAPACITORS FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUIT-
130 BREAKERS - PART 2: TRV CAPACITORS
131
132 1 Scope

133 This part of the IEC 62146 series is applicable to TRV capacitors used on high -voltage

134 alternating current circuit-breakers with rated voltages above 100 kV with 50 Hz or 60 Hz.

135 TRV capacitors are installed phase to earth, either in parallel to the bushing on dead tank

136 circuit-breakers, or immersed inside the circuit-breaker, or freestanding close to the circuit-

137 breaker. Their function is to limit the transient recovery voltage (TRV) and the rate of rise of

138 recovery voltage (RRRV) on the circuit-breaker. Capacitors in compliance with this standard

139 can be used as TRV capacitor.

140 This standard applies to TRV capacitors falling into one or both of the following categories for:

141 – mounting on or close to air insulated switchgear (AIS) dead tank and live tank circuit-

142 breakers, or
143 – mounting on gas insulated switchgear (GIS) circuit-breakers.
144 The testing for each of the above applications is in some cases different.

145 This standard does not apply to grading capacitors installed in parallel to the chambers of the

146 circuit-breaker, which are specified in IEC 62146-1.

147 This standard does not apply to capacitors not directly associated with high-voltage alternating

148 current circuit-breakers.
149 The object of this standard is:
150 – to define uniform rules regarding performances, testing and rating
151 – to define specific safety rules
152 – to provide a guidance for installation and operation
153

154 NOTE 1: The TRV capacitor is a sub-component for the circuit-breaker and shall be specified in accordance with

155 the circuit-breaker specifications according to IEC 62271-1, IEC 62271-100, and if applicable to IEC 62271-203.

156 NOTE 2: TRV capacitors are commonly built with composite or ceramic housings (insulators). Those insulators shall

157 follow IEC 61462 or IEC 62155. Other housings can be used if they can sustain applicable type tests according to

158 IEC 61462 and IEC 62155.
159 2 Normative references

160 The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and

161 are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

162 undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)

163 applies.

164 IEC 60071-1:2019, Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules

165 IEC 60358-1:2012, Coupling capacitors and capacitor dividers – Part 1: General rules

166 IEC 60815 (all parts), Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in

167 polluted conditions

168 IEC 61462:2007, Composite hollow insulators – Pressurized and unpressurized insulators for

169 use in electrical equipment with rated voltage greater than 1 000 V – Definitions, test methods,

170 acceptance criteria and design recommendations
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171 IEC 62146-1:2013+AMD1:2016, Grading capacitors for high-voltage alternating current circuit-

172 breakers – Part 1: General

173 IEC 62155:2003, Hollow pressurized and unpressurized ceramic and glass insulators for use in

174 electrical equipment with rated voltages greater than 1 000 V

175 IEC 62271-1:2017, High-voltage switchgear and control gear – Part 1: Common specifications

176 for alternating current switchgear and control gear

177 IEC 62271-100:2021, High-voltage switchgear and control gear – Part 100: Alternating current

178 circuit-breakers

179 IEC 62271-203:2011, High-voltage switchgear and control gear – Part 203: Gas-insulated

180 metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages above 52 kV

181 IEC Guide 109, Environmental aspects – Inclusion in electrotechnical product standards

182 3 Terms and definitions

183 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

184 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following

185 addresses:
186 • IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
187 • ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
188 Clause 3 of IEC 62146-1 is applicable with the following additions:
189 3.1
190 capacitor
191 two-terminal device characterized essentially by its capacitance
192 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-13-28]
193 3.2
194 TRV capacitor

195 capacitor for installation on high-voltage circuit-breakers phase to earth, either on circuit-

196 breaker bushings or freestanding close to the circuit-breaker to limit TRV or RRRV

197 Note 1 to entry: The TRV capacitors alone are accessories of the circuit-breaker

198 3.3
199 freestanding capacitor

200 TRV capacitor installed as an accessory to the circuit-breaker and mounted in its proximity

201 Note 1 to entry: the freestading capacitor does not need to be fixed at the same supporting structure of the circuit-

202 breaker.

203 Note 2 to entry: The freestanding TRV capacitors are sometimes named standalone TRV capacitors.

204 3.4
205 ambient air temperature
206 temperature of the air at the proposed location of the capacitor
207 3.5
208 transient recovery voltage
209 TRV

210 recovery voltage during the time in which it has a significant transient character

211 Note 1 to entry: The transient recovery voltage may be oscillatory or non-oscillatory or a combination of these

212 depending on the characteristics of the circuit and the switching device. It includes the voltage shift of the neutral of

213 a polyphase circuit.
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214 Note 2 to entry: The transient recovery voltages in three-phase circuits are, unless otherwise stated, that across the

215 first pole to clear, because this voltage is generally higher than that which appears across each of the other two

216 poles.
217 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-441: 1984, IEC 62271-100:2021]
218 3.6
219 rate of rise of recovery voltage
220 RRRV

221 first peak transient recovery voltage divided by the total time from zero voltage to peak voltage

222 Note 1 to entry: Level of TRV and the RRRV are key factors in determining whether the fault can be cleared

223 successfully
224 3.7
225 Voltage factor
226 F

227 factor used when the TRV capacitor is composed of several capacitors connected in series

228 phase to earth

229 Note 1 to entry: F will affect the insulating voltage levels of the individual capacitors to add some safety margin.

230 4 Abbreviations
231 Clause 4 of IEC 62146-1 is applicable with the following additions.
F voltage factor
TRV transient recovery voltage
RRRV rate of rise of recovery voltage
232 5 Service conditions

233 For TRV capacitors installed on the circuit-breaker or immersed capacitors, the service

234 conditions are given in IEC 62146-1 clause 5.

235 For freestanding capacitors, the service conditions are given in IEC 60358-1 clause 4.

236 6 Ratings
237 6.1 Rated voltage (Ucr)

238 The rated voltage U of a TRV capacitor connected between one phase of a three-phase system

239 and earth shall be equal or greater than the value of the rated voltage U of the circuit-breaker

240 divided by √3.
241 Preferred values for U are given in IEC 62271-1.

242 NOTE: U used in IEC 62271 series and in this standard corresponds to U presented in IEC 60071-1.

r m
243
244 6.2 Rated insulation level

245 The choice of the insulation level for equipment shall be made in accordance with the standard

246 insulation levels, based on its highest voltage for equipment U . Guidance for the choice of the

247 insulation level is given below.

248 In case of TRV capacitor of an air insulated circuit-breaker installed parallel to the bushing, the

249 insulation levels are according to IEC 62271-1.

250 In case of TRV capacitor installed in a gas insulated switchgear (GIS and dead tank breaker),

251 the insulation levels are according to IEC 62271-203.
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252 In case of TRV capacitor installed freestanding, the insulation levels are according to Table 1

253 and Table 2 (adapted from IEC 60358-1). The rated insulation levels shall be based on the

254 rated voltage of the circuit-breaker U .
255 Table 1 – Standard insulation levels – Range I (Ur < 300 kV)
Rated voltage of Rated power- Rated lightning
Rated switching
the circuit- frequency withstand impulse
withstand voltage
breaker (U ) voltage withstands voltage
Range
(r.m.s.) (r.m.s.) (peak) (peak)
kV kV kV kV
100 185 450
185 450
123
230 550
230 550
145
I 275 650
275 650
170
325 750
395 950
245
460 1050

NOTE 1: For exposed installations it is recommended to choose the highest insulation level.

NOTE 2: For alternative levels, see IEC 60071-1.
256
257 Table 2 – Standard insulation levels – Range II (Ur ≥ 300 kV)
Rated voltage of Rated power- Rated lightning
Rated switching
the circuit- frequency withstand impulse
withstand voltage
breaker (U ) voltage withstands voltage
Range
(r.m.s.) (r.m.s.) (peak) (peak)
kV kV kV kV
850
395 750
950
300
950
460 850
1050
950
460 850
1050
362
1050
510 950
1175
II 1050
850
1175
570
1175
420 950
1300
1300
630 1050
1425
1175
950
550 630 1300
1300 1050
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1425
1425
680 1175
1550
1675
1300
1800
880
1800
800 1425
1950
1950
975 1550
2100
1950
1425
2100
2100
1550
2250
1100
2250
1675
2400
2400
1800
2550
2100
1675
2250
2250
1200 1800
2400
2550
1950
2700

NOTE 1: For exposed installations it is recommended to choose the highest insulation level.

NOTE 2: For alternative levels, see IEC 60071-1.
258 6.3 Rated frequency (fr)
259 The standard considered values for the rated frequency are 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
260 7 Design and construction
261 7.1 Capacitance tolerances

262 The measured capacitance shall not differ from the rated capacitance (C ) by more than ±5 %

263 for all type of TRV capacitors unless otherwise agreed between manufacturer and user.

264 7.2 Capacitor loss requirements
265 Clause 7.2 of IEC 62146-1 is applicable.
266 7.3 Partial discharge level

267 The partial discharge level shall not exceed the limits specified in Table 3 at the partial

268 discharge test voltage specified in the same table according to the procedures of 9.4.

269 Table 3 – Partial discharge test voltages and permissible levels
Permissible PD level (pC) Permissible PD level (pC)
PD test voltage (r.m.s.)
Air insulated capacitors Immersed capacitors
1,2 Ur
≤ 10 ≤5
1,2 𝑈
≤ 5 ≤ 3
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NOTE 1 The permissible PD level is also valid for frequencies different from the system frequency.

NOTE 2 For big TRV capacitance values (e.g. higher than 10 nF), laboratory background noise level lower than

3 pC or 5 pC cannot be reached, in that case, an agreement between purchaser and manufacturer should be made.

NOTE 3 For TRV capacitors composed of several units (N) connected in series, if only the capacitor units are

tested, the value of the PD test voltage for each unit will be equal to:
1,05  PD test voltage of the TRV capacitor / N
270 7.4 Angle of mounting

271 For non-immersed applications, the capacitors shall be designed to be installed in vertical or

272 oblique directions up to 45°.

273 For immersed applications, the capacitors shall be designed to be installed in any direction:

274 vertical, horizontal, or oblique.
275 7.5 Minimum withstand value of mechanical bending load
276 7.5.1 Capacitors mounted on air insulated circuit-breaker

277 These capacitors are fixed on both extremities of the circuit-breaker bushings. The bushings

278 support the mechanical stress due to the connections.

279 For these capacitors the test bending moment M shall be calculated as follows:

𝑚 1
280 𝑀 = [50 + ] × 𝑔 × × 𝑙
2 0,7
281 where:
282 𝑀 is in Nm;
283 𝑙 is the length of the capacitor in m;
284 𝑚 is the weight of the capacitor in kg;
285 𝑔 is the gravitational acceleration = 9,81 m/s .

286 Notwithstanding the above calculation, the minimum value for M shall be 2000 Nm.

287 NOTE 1 The factor of 0,7 has been taken from IEC 62155 subclause 8.3.1.

288 NOTE 2 The supplementary weight of 50 kg has been reduced in comparison with grading capacitors which can be

289 installed horizontally.
290 7.5.2 Immersed capacitors

291 The test bending moment M shall be calculated in accordance with the IEC 62146-1 clause

292 7.4.2.
293 7.5.3 Freestanding capacitors

294 The test bending moment M shall be in accordance with the minimum bending load given in

295 IEC 60358-1 clause 6.4.
296 7.6 Requirements for impregnation medium in capacitor

297 The capacitor manufacturer shall specify the type of the impregnation medium (liquid , gas or

298 dry) used in the capacitor.
299 7.7 Protection against corrosion

300 The protection against corrosion shall be in accordance with IEC 62146-1 clause 7.6.

301 7.8 Marking of the equipment

302 The capacitor shall be provided with nameplates which contain at least the following

303 information:
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304 – name or mark of the capacitor manufacturer,
305 – year of manufacture,
306 – capacitor manufacturer's type designation,
307 – serial number or equivalent,
308 – rated voltage of capacitor (U ),
309 – rated frequency of capacitor (f ),
310 – rated capac
...