SIST-TS CEN/TS 14472-1:2003

Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings - Design, preparation and installation - Part 1: General

This Technical Specification gives recommendations for the installation of resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings in new or existing buildings.  It describes procedures in design, installation and maintenance which are in use throughout Europe for all floor covering materials and highlights the major differences that may exist in different national procedures.
The guidelines in this Technical Specification are intended for use in cases where manufacturer's instructions, taking account of the national code of practice in the country where the installation is to be made, are not available. References to the national codes that are currently available are listed in the bibliography of the various parts of this Technical Specification.
All parts of the Technical Specification are intended to supplement, and not conflict with, National Standards.

Elastische, textile und Laminatbodenbeläge - Planung, Vorbereitung und Verlegung - Teil 1: Allgemeines

Diese Technische Spezifikation gibt Empfehlungen für die Verlegung von elastischen, textilen und Laminatbodenbelägen in Neubauten oder vorhandenen Gebäuden. Sie beschreibt Verfahren für Planung, Verlegung und Pflege wie sie in ganz Europa bei allen Bodenbelagmaterialien üblich sind und geht besonders auf die großen möglichen Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen nationalen Verfahren ein.
Die Richtlinien dieser Technischen Spezifikation von CEN sind - unter Berücksichtigung der Bestimmungen des Landes, in dem der Bodenbelag verlegt werden soll, - für die Fälle vorgesehen, wo Herstelleranweisungen fehlen.  Aktuelle geltende nationale Bestimmungen sind in den Literaturhinweisen der verschiedenen Teile dieser Technischen Spezifikation aufgeführt.
Alle Teile dieser Technischen Spezifikation sollen Nationale Normen ergänzen und ihnen nicht widersprechen.

Revetements de sol résilients, textiles et stratifiés - Conception, préparation et installation - Partie 1: Généralités

Netekstilne, tekstilne in laminatne talne obloge – Načrtovanje, priprava in namestitev – 1. del: Splošno

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2003
• ICS: 97.150 - Floor coverings
• Technical Committee: ITEK - Textile and textile products
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Oct-2003
• Due Date: 01-Oct-2003
• Completion Date: 01-Oct-2003
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Ref Project: CEN/TS 14472-1:2003 - Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings - Design, preparation and installation - Part 1: General

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 14472-1:2003
01-oktober-2003
1HWHNVWLOQHWHNVWLOQHLQODPLQDWQHWDOQHREORJH±1DþUWRYDQMHSULSUDYDLQ
QDPHVWLWHY±GHO6SORãQR
Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings - Design, preparation and installation - Part
1: General
Elastische, textile und Laminatbodenbeläge - Planung, Vorbereitung und Verlegung - Teil
1: Allgemeines
Revetements de sol résilients, textiles et stratifiés - Conception, préparation et
installation - Partie 1: Généralités
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 14472-1:2003
ICS:
59.080.60 Tekstilne talne obloge Textile floor coverings
97.150 Netekstilne talne obloge Non-textile floor coverings
SIST-TS CEN/TS 14472-1:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 14472-1:2003

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 14472-1:2003
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 14472-1
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
June 2003
ICS 59.080.60, 97.150
English version
Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings - Design,
preparation and installation - Part 1: General
Revêtements de sol résilients, textiles et stratifiés - Elastische, textile und Laminatbodenbeläge – Planung,
Conception, préparation et installation - Partie 1: Vorbereitung und Verlegung - Teil 1: Allgemeines
Généralités
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 30 september 2002 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available. It
is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible
conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 14472-1:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
Foreword. 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Terms and definitions. 5
3 Exchange of information. 6
3.1 General. 6
3.2 Project. 6
3.3 Contract conditions . 6
3.4 Special attendance . 6
3.5 Design . 6
3.6 Testing . 7
3.7 Health and Safety. 7
3.8 Responsibilities. 7
3.9 Maintenance . 7
4 Selection of materials. 8
5 Subfloors . 8
5.1 General. 8
5.2 Materials. 8
5.3 Concrete and screed bases . 9
5.4 Moisture content of the subfloor. 10
Standard. 11
5.5 Timber bases. 12
5.6 Smoothing and/or levelling compounds . 13
5.7 Existing floor covering . 13
6 Installation . 14
7 Completion . 14
Bibliography . 15
1) Standards and other documents concerning vocabulary for floor and floor coverings. 15
2) European Standards for resilient, textile and laminated floor coverings . 15
3) National codes and standards for the construction of floor bases. 16
Other standards of general relevance to floor coverings and their installation . 18
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Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 14472-1:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 134 “Resilient,
textile and laminate floor coverings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
The Technical Specification CEN/TS 14472, Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings — Design,
preparation and installation, consists of the following four parts:
Part 1: General
Part 2: Textile floor coverings
Part 3: Laminate floor coverings
Part 4: Resilient floor coverings
This document includes a Bibliography.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by December 2003.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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Introduction
European Standards are currently available for
• resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings
• classification schemes that define the characteristics of a location where a floor covering is to be used, and
enable an appropriate product to be selected.
For these products to give satisfactory service, they also need to be installed competently, and to receive
appropriate maintenance in service. Certain countries have issued guides and/or standards that define good
practice for installation and maintenance.
To date, although there has been substantial trade in floor coverings between different countries in Europe,
these have largely been installed using the methods of the country importing them. Relatively little installation
work has been conducted across European borders, but it is likely that this will increase.
The Technical Specification is not intended to replace the existing national guides or standards on installation.
Its purpose is:
a) to identify a framework of good practice common to the existing national standards,
b) to identify the principal technical differences in approach between them,
and hence
c) to foster good standards of installation across Europe, including countries where there is no national
standard on installation,
d) to enable a specifier to specify a common procedure for installation for work in his country, which may be
conducted by installers from other countries, and
e) to enable an installer to conduct work more easily in another country.
This Technical Specification and national codes of practice for the installation of floor coverings give guidance on
the associated design and building work that should be addressed if the floor covering installation is to be
conducted successfully. These references are not intended as comprehensive guidance on the wider aspects of
that work, which should be conducted in accordance with the appropriate codes. Certain codes for the wider
aspects of design and building work are listed in the bibliographyof this Technical Specification and/or in national
codes on the installation of floor coverings.
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1 Scope
This Technical Specification gives recommendations for the installation of resilient, textile and laminate floor
coverings in new or existing buildings. It describes procedures in design, installation and maintenance which are
in use throughout Europe for all floor covering materials and highlights the major differences that may exist in
different national procedures.
The guidelines in this Technical Specification are intended for use in cases where manufacturer's instructions,
taking account of the national code of practice in the country where the installation is to be made, are not
available. References to the national codes that are currently available are listed in the bibliography of the
various parts of this Technical Specification.
All parts of the Technical Specification are intended to supplement, and not conflict with, National Standards.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the following terms and definitions apply:
2.1
fabricated substrate
manufactured board made from wood, wood particles or wood fibres in panel form, calcium sulfate (gypsum),
etc., to provide a suitable surface to receive the specified floor covering.
2.2
screed (see EN 13318)
layer of well compacted material, commonly a mixture of cement and aggregate, applied in situ to a concrete
base at the appropriate thickness.
2.3
mastic asphalt
mixture of bitumen and an inert mineral aggregate.
2.4
impregnation
treatment of a base or a screed by application of a liquid product intended to penetrate the pores without forming a
continuous layer on the surface.
2.5
levelling layer
layer of compacted material, applied in situ to a sound base or screed where there is a need to raise the level of the floor
surface to level a floor that is out of true, or to give a uniform absorbency where water-based adhesives are to be used.
2.6
flowing screed
insitu applied material that sets hydraulically or by chemical cure. Normally a proprietary compound to be
used in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. It is poured or pumped directly to the concrete
slab to form a smooth level surface, ready to receive most floor coverings.
2.7
anhydrite screed
formulated flowing screed based on hydraulically setting calcium sulfate.
2.8
underlay
for definition of this term as applied to specific types of floor covering see parts 2, 3 and 4 of this document.
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3 Exchange of information
3.1 General
In order for the correct floor covering to be installed in appropriate conditions, at the right time, etc, it is
essential that all parties have a clear understanding of the requirements of the project, e.g. new build or
refurbishment, and of the implications for all concerned. To ensure that this is achieved, it is essential that
there is wide consultation between all parties involved in the project, including sub-contractors and materials
suppliers. This consultation should start early in the design stage but will be necessary throughout the
contract, especially should requirements or time scales change and as new sub-contract work is initiated.
As each project will be unique it is impossible to give a definitive list of the information to be exchanged, but
the following are typical examples.
3.2 Project
The name and location of projects and personnel involved in pre-contract negotiations should be identified.
3.3 Contract conditions
A programme for commencement and completion of work should be defined, including any specific
requirement for sequenced completion.
3.4 Special attendance
Access, unloading, hoisting and storage facilities, heat, light and power and any additional items considered
necessary to expedite the work should be provided.
3.5 Design
3.5.1 General
The flooring layout and specifications, based on building type and occupational uses should be provided, for
example:
a) type of use : building, rooms;
b) type and density of foot and/or wheeled traffic;
c) specific requirements : fire resistance period, acoustic absorption level, slip resistance;
d) particulars of use : staining, potentially abrasive conditions.
3.5.2 Floor details
The completed drawings/specification should provide comprehensive information on:
a) whether upper floor, ground floor or below ground level;
b) whether ground-supported or suspended construction;
c) particulars of any under floor heating installation or security installation;
d) position and treatment of expansion joints;
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e) curing and drying times of screeds and bases likely to be required before the installation of floor
coverings;
f) screed or base with finished floor level, permissible departure from datum and class of surface regularity
required;
g) in refurbishment work, the type and condition of existing base or floor finish and any type of treatment
required;
h) type of damp-proof membrane and position within the floor construction, in particular, the need for surface
applied membrane where likely drying times for the base exceed time available in the programme;
i) choice of substrate, underlayment, adhesives, intermediate products and floor covering;
j) requirements for jointing e.g. seam welding, direction of material and position of seams; or the position
and type of expansion joint profiles;
k) size, position and design of barrier zones.
3.5.3 Barrier zone
Entrance flooring systems will reduce the dirt, grit and water carried into the building by foot traffic, hence will reduce wear
and the risk of slipping when the building is in service. The size, position and design of the barrier zone should be
considered at the design stage, but preferably should be a minimum length of 3 m from the entrance to be effective.
3.5.4 Associated details
Details of abutments, skirtings, services (embedded or sleeved), movement joints, separating strips, pattern or border
details and junction with other adjacent flooring should be provided.
3.6 Testing
Details of any conformity testing of the base, screed, floor covering, etc which is to be conducted, and the
party which is to be responsible for this testing. The implications of this also have to be considered in 3.3. For
instance, it is essential that the responsibility is defined for ensuring that bases or screeds meet the specified
standards of level, smoothness, dryness and soundness (impact crushing resistance) before any subsequent
or finishing trades are called to commence work.
3.7 Health and Safety
Arrangements for liaison and cooperation on health and safety requirements between the different parties in the contract
should be established.
3.8 Responsibilities
Responsibilities for cleaning the construction on completion and giving it initial protection should be defined.
3.9 Maintenance
The customer should be left with adequate details of the maintenance required to enable the floor covering to perform
satisfactorily in use. The recommendations should include details of the various types of cleaning and maintenance
needed and the time scales at which they should be carried out. It is preferable that such instructions should be in clear,
written form, and cover the recommended maintenance methods appropriate for all the types of floor coverings installed.
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For practical information concerning cleaning and maintenance reference should be made to the existing national
documents.
4 Selection of materials
Guidance on the selection of appropriate floor coverings together with references to classification schemes and
specifications for particular types of floor coverings is given in parts 2,3 and 4 of this CEN Technical Specification.
5 Subfloors
5.1 General
New subfloors should be constructed in accordance with the recommendations given in the relevant national or European
standards.
Those responsible for the design and construction of the subfloor should ensure that it meets the requirements, i.e. should
ensure that it has the necessary characteristics to allow the floor covering to be installed successfully before the installer
of the floor covering is asked to commence work.
These characteristics include:
a) regularity of concrete floors and screeds;
b) moisture content of concrete floors and screeds;
c) integrity of screeds;
d) making-good of cracks;
e) treatment of construction joints;
f) gaps and changes of level;
g) moisture content of wooden subfloors;
h) presence of asbestos in an existing floor covering.
5.2 Materials
5.2.1 Fabricated substrates
Fabricated substrates may be selected from the following:
a) plywood;
b) particle board;
c) fibreboard (e.g. hardboard, MDF);
d) gypsum board
e) others.
The strength and construction of the fabricated substrate should be able to function in use without swelling, delamination
or disintegration.
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5.2.2 Cementitious based substrates (levelling layer)
A levelling layer is used where a conventional sand/cement screed is considered unsuitable because of
thickness or other limitations
The leveling layer may be a cementitious underlay consisting of a specially formulated blend of cement and binder and
both fine and coarse aggregates. The binder is commonly a natural rubber latex or synthetic polymer.
5.2.3 Anhydrite screed
It is recommended that the carbide bomb is used to test for moisture content. It is essential to abrade the surface to
remove laitance if a flooring adhesive is to be applied, and to provide a barrier primer if cement based products are to be
applied. The screed manufacturer should be contacted for advice regarding primers.
5.2.4 Edging, dividing strips and nosings
Edging, dividing strips and nosings are available in wood, metal and plastics. These may be used between similar or
dissimilar types, thicknesses, or colours of floor covering, at door openings, or to act as a finish to a floor edge.
5.2.5 Adhesives
The adhesive selected should be considered at the design stage because it may influence the performance
during installation, in use, or later during removal. The recommendations of the floor covering manufacturer
and adhesive manufacturers should be taken into account, and followed precisely if they are specific as to the
type of adhesive which should be used. In particular, recommendations should be followed concerning the
application tool, e.g. notched trowel (including the correct size, shape and number of notches) or roller, or
heated iron, the coverage rate and any follow on process, rolling etc.
Low emission adhesives may be used to meet requirements on internal air quality, during installation or in
service.
Conductive adhesives are available for static sensitive areas. They contain carbon black, metalised fibres or
particles.
None of the adhesives can be considered effective as a damp-proof membrane.
5.3 Concrete and screed bases
5.3.1 General
The appearance and performance of the floor coverings covered by this Technical Specification are
determined to a large extent by the quality of the prepared base or screed on which the various floor coverings
are laid. The subfloor should be constructed in accordance with the recommendations given in the national or
preferable European standards.
Those responsible for the design and construction of the subfloor should ensure that it meets the
requirements for hardness, strength, soundness, levels and surface regularities, dryness and other design
parameters before floor covering installation is commenced.
The appropriate thicknesses are given in national standards. The screed should be suitably finished to
receive the underlay, or floor coverings to be applied, and to enable the floor covering to be laid to the
designated level.
Flowing screeds or power floated screeds that have a final very dense surface may reduce adhesion and in a
number of cases mechanical treatment or a thin latex screed layer may be required.
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5.3.2 Surface treatments
These treatments are not recommended in general, but in some specific situations they can give good solutions.
5.3.2.1 Chemical hardening solutions
Chemical hardening solutions and resinous seals may be used on bases and screeds but there is a risk of
interaction between the hardener and the floor covering adhesives. In cases where they have been used, it is
essential that the treated surfaces are mechanically removed.
5.3.2.2 Curing membranes
Curing membranes may affect adhesion and should be mechanically removed.
5.3.2.3 Power floating/power trowelling of directly finished concrete
Power floating/power trowelling of directly finished concrete may affect adhesion and the advice of the
adhesive manufacturer should be sought regarding the specification for surface preparation.
5.3.3 Regularity of concrete floors and screeds
The evenness of the installation surface may be measured using a straight edge and a slip gauge.
5.3.4 Integrity of screeds
The basic requirements regarding the stability and solidity of the installation surface are the same as for other
types of floor covering, i.e. the floor surface should be inspected with respect to its strength and load-bearing
capacity.
BS 8204-1 and NF P 14-201-1 describe tests for the integrity of screeds. Ö NORM B 2236-1 clause 2.6.2 and
annex A describe a scratch test for the surface strength of screeds.
5.3.5 Making-good of cracks
Cracks, hairline fractures and damaged areas should be properly repaired.
5.3.6 Treatment of joints in concrete
Expansion joints are intended to experience movement in service and should be sealed with flexible sealant
and/or covered with an expansion joint profile, but the floor covering should not be installed across them.
Construction joints and contraction joints do not experience movement in service and may be covered by the
floor covering. These joints are treated in the same way as cracks.
5.4 Moisture content of the subfloor
5.4.1 General
New work carried out in accordance with national codes can be expected to be protected against rising damp
by a damp-proof membrane or by other measures in design, but the residual damp present in new concrete or
screeds (cement-based or anhydrite) can prevent successful installation. It is particularly important to
ascertain the moisture content of mineral subfloors (cement screed floor, anhydrite screed floor, etc,) in both
existing and newly-installed floors, already covered (ceramic tiling, natural stone, plastic etc.).
The values required by national codes are defined in Table 1.
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Table 1 — Summary of requirements of national codes
Nature of requirement Defined requirement
Standard
BS 5325 relative humidity of air pocket 75% max.
in equilibrium with
BS 8203 concrete/cement screed.
NF P 62-203-1 moisture content by oven 3% max.
drying at 70ºC, for
concrete/cement screed.
This technique is also
acceptable in Germany.
NF P 62-203-1 also permits the
use of other methods.
Swedish Code of Relative humidity of air in Plastic floor coverings
practice Hus AMA 98 drilled holes in the base.
filler £ 50 %       RH < 85 %
filler > 50 %       RH < 90 %
with foam backing  RH < 90%
Linoleum         RH < 90%
or to manufacturer's recommendation
Ö NORM B 2236-1 Moisture content by carbide Cement screed
bomb (CM method). - normal use     2,5 % max.
 - heated screed  1,8 % max.
Gypsum or anhydrite
This is officially recognised in
Germany. - normal use     0,6% max.
 - heated screed  0,3% max.
Polymer-modified or flowing screeds as
recommended by manufacturer.
CSTC Technical Moisture content by carbide Impermeable floor coverings
Information Note 165 bomb (CM method) - on anhydrite base           1% max.
 - on cement screeds   3% max.
permeable synthetic floor coverings
as recommended by manufacturer of floor
coverings and adhesive
NOTE The values obtained using the different techniques are not directly comparable
5.4.2 Damp-proofing solid floors and eliminating construction moisture
5.4.2.1 Damp-proofing solid floors
As the floor coverings included in this European Report together with many adhesives and smoothing
compounds used with them may be adversely affected by moisture, subfloors should be so constructed as to
protect the floor covering installation from moisture or water vapour from the ground.
Materials and methods for damp-proofing solid floors are described e.g. as in BS 8102. It should not be assumed that
existing ground supported concrete floors are adequately damp-proofed. Where existing structures do not incorporate
adequate moisture protection proprietary surface applied membranes should be used. Integral waterproofers incorporated
in the concrete or screed will not provide adequate damp protection for the floor coverings and will retard the drying
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process. Beam and block construction floors whether finished with cement-sand, screed or particleboard should
incorporate a vapour control layer.
5.4.2.2 Eliminating construction moisture
Before the floor covering installation, it is necessary to ensure not only that the floor is constructed to prevent moisture
transmission from the ground but also that sufficient water used in the construction is eliminated.
Usually the floor covering is fixed directly to the concrete base slab or on to a screed laid above this. In either case the
amount of water used is more than that required for hydration of any cement used because extra water is normally
required to give adequate workability to the mix. It is essential that the excess water be allowed to evaporate and the time
for this to happen should be taken into account at the planning stage. Estimated drying times are necessarily only very
approximate as drying is influenced by ambient conditions, the concrete used, thickness and surface finish.
For a cement-sand screed laid directly over a damp-proof membrane, one day should be allowed for each millimeter of
thickness for the first 50 mm, followed by an increasing time for each millimeter above this thickness. It is reasonable to
expect a screed 50 mm thick drying under good conditions, to be sufficiently dry in two months.
For thick concrete bases laid directly over a damp-proof membrane long drying times are required. The
time/thickness relationship used to predict
...