SIST EN 13771-1:2004
(Main)Compressors and condensing units for refrigeration - Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: Refrigerant compressors
Compressors and condensing units for refrigeration - Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: Refrigerant compressors
This part 1 of the European Standard applies only to refrigerant compressors and describes a number of selected performance test methods. These methods provide sufficiently accurate results for the determination of the refrigerating capacity, power absorbed, refrigerant mass flow, isentropic efficiency and the coefficient of performance. This standard applies only to performance tests conducted at the manufacturer's works or wherever the equipment for testing to the accuracy required is available. The type of measuring instrument and the limits within which measurements shall be made are listed in normative annex A.
Kältemittel-Verdichter und Verflüssigungssätze für die Kälteanwendung - Leistungsprüfung und Prüfverfahren - Teil 1: Kältemittel-Verdichter
Dieser Teil der Europäischen Norm gilt nur für Kältemittel-Verdichter und beschreibt eine Reihe von ausgewählten Leistungsprüfverfahren. Diese Verfahren ermöglichen ausreichend genaue Ergebnisse zur Bestimmung von
Kälteleistung, Leistungsaufnahme, Kältemittelmassenstrom, Gütegrad und Leistungszahl.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nur für Leistungsprüfungen, die beim Hersteller durchgeführt werden oder wo die Einrichtung für eine Prüfung mit der erforderlichen Genauigkeit vorhanden ist.
Die Art der Messinstrumente und die Grenzen, in denen die Messungen durchgeführt werden müssen, sind in dem normativen Anhang A aufgeführt.
Compresseurs et unités de condensation pour la réfrigération - Essais de performances et méthodes d'essai - Partie 1: Compresseurs pour fluides frigorigenes
La présente partie de la norme européenne s'applique uniquement aux compresseurs pour fluides frigorigenes et décrit des méthodes d'essai des performances choisies. Ces méthodes fournissent des résultats suffisamment précis pour la détermination de la puissance frigorifique, de la puissance absorbée, du débit masse du fluide frigorigene, du rendement isentropique et du coefficient de performance.
La présente norme s'applique uniquement aux essais de performance réalisés dans l'usine du fabricant ou partout ou l'équipement d'essai est disponible avec la précision requise.
Les types d'appareils de mesure et les incertitudes admissibles dans lesquelles les mesures doivent etre réalisées sont donnés a l'annexe A.
Compressors and condensing units for refrigeration - Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: Refrigerant compressors
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Compressors and condensing units for refrigeration - Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: Refrigerant compressorsKältemittel-Verdichter und Verflüssigungssätze für die Kälteanwendung - Leistungsprüfung und Prüfverfahren - Teil 1: Kältemittel-VerdichterCompresseurs et unités de condensation pour la réfrigération - Essais de performances et méthodes d'essai - Partie 1: Compresseurs pour fluides frigorigenesCompressors and condensing units for refrigeration - Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: Refrigerant compressors27.200Hladilna tehnologijaRefrigerating technology23.140VWURMLCompressors and pneumatic machinesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13771-1:2003SIST EN 13771-1:2004en01-januar-2004SIST EN 13771-1:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 13771-1:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13771-1April 2003ICS 23.140; 27.200English versionCompressors and condensing units for refrigeration -Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: RefrigerantcompressorsCompresseurs et unités de condensation pour laréfrigération - Essais de performances et méthodes d'essai- Partie 1: Compresseurs pour fluides frigorigènesKältemittel-Verdichter und Verflüssigungssätze für dieKälteanwendung - Leistungsprüfung und Prüfverfahren -Teil 1: Kältemittel-VerdichterThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 January 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13771-1:2003 ESIST EN 13771-1:2004
EN 13771-1:2003 (E)2ContentspageForeword.31Scope.32Normative references.33Terms, definitions and symbols.44General requirements.75Test methods.116Determination of the power absorbed by the compressor.217Test report.21Annex A (normative)
Measuring instruments and the uncertainties of measurement.23Bibliography.26SIST EN 13771-1:2004
EN 13771-1:2003 (E)3ForewordThis document EN 13771-1:2003 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 113 "Heat pumps and airconditioning units", the secretariat of which is held by AENOR.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by October 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby October 2003.It consists of the following parts:Part 1: Refrigerant compressorsPart 2: Condensing units for refrigerationAnnex A is normative.This document includes a Bibliography.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard : Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.1 ScopeThis part of this European Standard applies only to refrigerant compressors and describes a number of selectedperformance test methods. These methods provide sufficiently accurate results for the determination of therefrigerating capacity, power absorbed, refrigerant mass flow, isentropic efficiency and the coefficient ofperformance.This standard applies only to performance tests conducted at the manufacturer's works or wherever the equipmentfor testing to the accuracy required is available.The type of measuring instrument and the allowable uncertainty within which measurements shall be made arelisted in normative annex A.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 378-1:2000, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 1: Basicrequirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria.EN 378-2, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 2: Design,construction, testing, marking and documentation.EN ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices - Part 1: Orifice plates,nozzles and Venturi tubes inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full (ISO 5167-1:1991).ISO/TR 5168, Measurement of fluid flow - Evaluation of uncertainties.SIST EN 13771-1:2004
EN 13771-1:2003 (E)43 Terms, definitions and symbolsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1 Terms and definitions3.1.1refrigerating capacity (F0)product of the mass flow of refrigerant through the compressor and the difference between the specific enthalpy ofthe refrigerant at the compressor inlet and the specific enthalpy of saturated liquid. The refrigerant at thecompressor inlet is superheated above the suction dew point temperature to the stated value. The saturated liquidis at a pressure corresponding to the compressor discharge dew point temperature3.1.2volumetric efficiency (hv)ratio of the actual volume rate of flow under suction conditions at the requirements specified in 4.9, to thedisplacement of the compressor3.1.3power absorbed —for externally driven compressors: the power at the compressor shaft;—for motor compressors: the electrical power input at the motor terminals3.1.4refrigerant mass flow qm )total refrigerant mass flow at the compressor suction inlet3.1.5isentropic efficiency (hi)ratio of the product of the mass flow and the change in isentropic enthalpy across the compressor to the powerabsorbed3.1.6coefficient of performanceCOPr)ratio of the refrigerating capacity to the power absorbedNOTEAll the above are at the basic test condition.3.1.7oil circulation in the refrigerating systemxoil)ratio of the measured oil mass flow to the mass flow of the circulating oil/refrigerant mixture3.2 SymbolsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the symbols of Table 1 apply.SIST EN 13771-1:2004
EN 13771-1:2003 (E)5Table 1 — SymbolsSymbolDesignationSIunitcSpecific heat capacity of liquidJ/(kg K)coilSpecific heat capacity of oilJ/(kg K)fNominal electrical frequencyHzfaActual electrical frequencyHzFHeat leakage factorW/Khl 2Specific enthalpy of liquid refrigerant at bubble point corresponding to thepressure at the compressor outlet according to the basic test conditionsJ/kghl 4Specific enthalpy of liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condensorJ/kghl 5Specific enthalpy of liquid refrigerant at the inlet in the expansion deviceJ/kghgtSpecific enthalpy of refrigerant vapour at the compressor outlet having the sameentropy as the refrigerant vapour at the compressor inlet (basic test conditions)J/kghg 1Specific enthalpy of the refrigerant vapour at the compressor inlet at the basictest conditionsJ/kghg 3Specific enthalpy of the refrigerant vapour at the inlet of the condenserJ/kghg 6Specific enthalpy of the refrigerant vapour at the outlet of the calorimeterJ/kgnNominal compressor speed1/minnaActual compressor speed1/minPPower absorbedWP0Power absorbed at the basic test conditions
WPaActual power absorbedWpg 1Absolute pressure, compressor inletMPapg 2Absolute pressure, compressor outletMPag 3Pressure of the refrigerant vapour entering the condenserMPapg 6Pressure of the refrigerant
vapour of the evaporator outletMPapl 4Pressure of the refrigerant liquid leaving the condenserMPapl 5Pressure of the refrigerant liquid entering the expansion deviceMPaSIST EN 13771-1:2004
EN 13771-1:2003 (E)6Table 1 (continued)SymbolDesignationSIunitpsAbsolute pressure of the secondary fluidMPaqmRefrigerant mass flow as determined by the testkg/sqm
0Refrigerant mass flow at the basic test conditionskg/sqmfFluid mass flowkg/sqmoilOil mass flowkg/sqmxMass flow of liquid refrigerant/oil mixturekg/sqvRefrigerant volume flowm3/sqvxVolume flow of refrigerant/oil mixturem3/staAmbient temperature°CtcMean surface temperature of the calorimeter (basic test conditions)°CtgaActual temperature at the compression inlet°Ctg 1Refrigerant vapour temperature at the compressor inlet (basic test conditions)°Ctg 3Temperature of the refrigerant vapour entering condenser°Ctg 6Temperature of the refrigerant vapour at the evaporator outlet°Ctl 2Saturation temperature of the liquid refrigerant corresponding to the pressure atthe compressor outlet°Ctl 4Temperature of the refrigerant liquid leaving the condenser°Ctl 5Temperature of the refrigerant liquid entering the expansion device°CtrAverage bubble point temperature of the refrigerant°CtsSaturation temperature of the secondary fluid°CtxReference temperature°C1Inlet temperature of the fluid°Ct2Outlet temperature of the fluid°CUNominal electrical voltageVVswCompressor displacementm3/sxoilOil circulation in the refrigerating system, expressed in kilogram per kilogram ofmixturekg/kgCOPrCoefficient of performance—hiIsentropic efficiency—hvVolumetric efficiency—vgaActual specific volume of refrigerant vapour at the inlet of the compressorm3/kgvg 1Specific volume of refrigerant vapour at the inlet of the compressor at the basictest conditionsm3/kgrmDensity of refrigerant corresponding to pressure and temperature at which theflow rate is measuredkg/m3FiHeat input to the calorimeterWFnElectrical input to the heaterWF0Refrigerating capacity of the compressor at the basic test conditionsWSIST EN 13771-1:2004
EN 13771-1:2003 (E)73.3 Refrigerant circuit state pointsFigure 1 illustrates the state of the refrigerant as it passes through the systema) Circuit diagramKey1 Condenser2 Expansion device3 Compressor4 Evaporatorb) Pressure vs enthalpy diagramFigure 1 - Refrigerant circuit4 General requirements4.1 Calculation methods4.1.1 PrincipleThe determination of the refrigerating capacity of a compressor at the basic test conditions comprises:¾ the evaluation of the actual mass flow of refrigerant through the compressor when operating within the limitsallowed to the basic test conditions in 4.9;¾ the correction of this mass flow to that, at the basic test conditions using the ratio of the actual specific volume(vga) of the refrigerant vapour at the compressor suction to the specific volume of the vapour at the basic testconditions (vg 1);¾ the product of the corrected mass flow and the difference between the specific enthalpies at the basic testconditions of the refrigerant vapour at the compressor suction (hg 1) and the liquid refrigerant at a pressurecorresponding the compressor discharge dew point temperature (hl 2).NOTEFor the purposes of this standard it is assumed that the volume flow rate is constant when the compressor isoperating within the limits allowed in 4.9.SIST EN 13771-1:2004
EN 13771-1:2003 (E)84.1.2 Specific enthalpyThe value of the specific enthalpy is taken from recognised data of the thermodynamic properties of the refrigerantused. The determining parameters are: the pressure and the temperature at the compressor inlet and the pressure atthe compressor outlet. If operation with an oil separator is specified by the manufacturer, the pressure is measured atthe oil separator outlet.4.1.3 Refrigerant mass flowThe refrigerant mass flow is either measured directly or calculated from measured values.4.1.4 Power absorbedThe value for the power absorbed includes the power absorbed by such ancillaries that are necessary for operation ofthe compressor. Within a superheat range of ± 5 K it is assumed that the power consumption will stay constant.4.1.5 Basic equationsThe refrigerant mass flowqm determined by measurement is converted to the basic test conditions using the followingequation:aggammnnvvqq××=10(1)For motor compressors, the correction factorn/na is replaced byf/fa.The refrigerating capacity as defined in 3.1.1 for compressors is calculated using the following equation:)(2100lgmhhq-×=F(2)The power absorbed as defined in 3.1.3 is converted from the measured power absorbed to the basic test conditionsusing the following equation:aannPP×=0(3)For motor compressors, the correction factorn/na is replaced byf/fa.The volumetric efficiency hv as defined in 3.1.2 is calculated using the following equation:gaswmgggaswmvvVqvvvVq×=××=11h(4)NOTEWithin the limits specified in this European Standard, it is assumed that the volumetric efficiency is constant.The isentropic efficiency hi as defined in 3.1.5 is calculated using the following equation:010Phhqggtmi-=h(5)The coefficient of performanceCOPr as defined in 3.1.6 is calculated using the following equation:00PCOPrF=(6)SIST EN 13771-1:2004
EN 13771-1:2003 (E)94.2 Requirements for the selection of test methods4.2.1 GeneralGenerally two different test methods from those taken from clause 5 shall be used at the same time. The results of thetwo methods shall correlate within 4 %. The test result is the mean value of the two methods.4.2.2 Second concurrent testWhere testing devices are in constant use and are subject to periodical calibration in accordance with therecommended EN ISO 9001 a second concurrent test is not necessary.4.3 Test period4.3.1 GeneralThe tests described relate exclusively to those refrigerant compressors and test installations which permit continuousoperation and which can hold the fluctuations of all influencing factors within the specified limits for a certain time.These conditions are described as steady states and are defined precisely in 4.9.4.3.2 Steady state conditionsAfter the compressor has been started, adjustments shall be made during a preliminary run until the major readingsrequired for the test are within the allowable deviations.Steady state conditions shall be reached for at least 15 min before each test.4.3.3 Recording of measured dataOnce steady state has been reached, the measured data shall be registered on recording instruments. At least onecomplete measuring cycle shall be carried out every minute. The test period shall be at least 15 min and the averageshall be formed from all measured values.4.4 Pressure and temperature measuring pointsThe pressure and temperature measuring points for the compressor shall be mounted at the same place which islocated at a distance of at least 4 times the diameter of a straight pipe but not less than 150 mm from the shut-offvalves or connections to the compressor. The diameter of the pipe shall be consistent with that of the flange on thecompressor for a length of at least 8 times the pipe diameter.4.5 Oil circulationThe circulating quantity of oil is determined after the test.From the liquid phase of the refrigerant circuit the refrigerant/oil mixture is poured into a collecting device intended forthis specific purpose and the oil fraction is determined.For repeated testing of one compressor model, the oil circulation of which is known, random sampling is sufficient.Alternative procedures with the same accuracy may be used. The collecting device shall be constructed with dueregard to EN 378-2.4.6 FractionationThe composition of zeotropic refrigerants shall be analysed when a new batch sample is delivered.When leaks are found the composition of the refrigerant charge shall be adjusted in order to ensure that therefrigerant is in accordance with the correct specification or the charge shall be replaced and the test repeated.SIST EN 13771-1:2004
EN 13771-1:2003 (E)10NOTEZeotropic refrigerants have a certain composition in the as-specified condition. Changes in pressure andtemperature can cause a change in the concentration of the different components in the circulating refrigerant. This can beexacerbated by unfavourable distribution of the refrigerant in the circuit, leakage from the system and selective oil solubility. Thethermodynamic properties will also change with resulting inaccuracies in the determination of performance data.4.7 Calibration and requirements regarding accuracy4.7.1 Calibration of calorimeters for methods A, B and C4.7.1.1 Calorimeters for methods A, B and C shall be calibrated by determining a heat leakage factor)(axittF-=F(7)which describes the heat exchange between the calorimeter and the ambient.4.7.1.2 The reference temperaturex depends on the calorimeter type which determines the heat flux to theambient. It can be:a) the saturation temperaturets of the secondary fluid (e.g. method A);b) the mean surface temperaturetc of the calorimeter (e.g. method B);c) the average refrigerant bubble point temperaturetr of a calorimeter (e.g. method C).4.7.1.3 The following method shall be used to determine the heat leakage factor:Before starting the test maintain the ambient temperatureta constant and supply a heat flow Fi to maintain thereference temperaturetx approximately 15 K above the ambient temperature. After thermal equilibrium has beenestablished, take readings at intervals of 1 h. Thermal equilibrium is reached, when four successive readings fulfill thefollowing conditions:a) the ambient temperatureta does not vary by more than ± 1 K;b) the reference temperaturetx does not vary by more than ± 0,5 K;c) if an intermittently operated electrical heater or a heating by means of liquid is used, the readings of heat inputdo not vary by more than ± 5 %. Where liquid is used for heating, the mass flowqmf shall be controlled so thatthe temperature drop is not less than 5 K.The heat flow to the calorimeter is given by the following:a) for heating by means of liquid flow: Fi =c (t1 - t2)qmf;b) for electric heating: the heat flow Fi is equal to the electrical power input of the heater Fn.4.7.2 Determination of the refrigerating capacityMeasuring instruments shall be selected and calibrated so that the final refrigerating capacity is within a limit of± 2,5 %.4.7.3 Determination of the power absorbed by the compressorMeasuring instruments shall be selected and calibrated so that the final power absorbed is within a limit of ± 1 % formotor compressors taken at the motor terminals, and ± 2,5 % for open compressors.4.7.4 Measuring instrumentsMeasuring instruments and the uncertainties of measurement required are listed in annex A.SIST EN
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