SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
(Main)Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4: Braking test methods (ISO 4210-4:2014)
Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4: Braking test methods (ISO 4210-4:2014)
EN ISO 4210 specifies the braking test methods for ISO 4210-2.
Fahrräder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an Fahrräder - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren für Bremsen (ISO 4210-4:2014)
Der vorliegende Teil von ISO 4210 legt die Prüfverfahren für Bremsen nach ISO 4210-2 fest.
Cycles - Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes - Partie 4: Méthodes d'essai de freinage (ISO 4210-4:2014)
ISO 4210-4:2014 spécifie les méthodes d'essai de freinage pour l'ISO 4210‑2.
Kolesa - Varnostne zahteve za kolesa - 4. del: Preskusne metode za zavore (ISO 4210-4:2014)
Standard EN ISO 4210 določa preskusne metode za zavore za standard ISO 4210-2.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
01-oktober-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14764:2006
SIST EN 14766:2006
SIST EN 14781:2006
Kolesa - Varnostne zahteve za kolesa - 4. del: Preskusne metode za zavore (ISO
4210-4:2014)
Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4: Braking test methods (ISO 4210-
4:2014)
Fahrräder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an Fahrräder - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren für
Bremsen (ISO 4210-4:2014)
Cycles - Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes - Partie 4: Méthodes d'essai de freinage
(ISO 4210-4:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ICS:
43.150 Kolesa Cycles
SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 4210-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2014
ICS 43.150 Supersedes EN 14764:2005, EN 14766:2005, EN
14781:2005
English Version
Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4: Braking test
methods (ISO 4210-4:2014)
Cycles - Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes - Partie 4: Fahrräder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an
Méthodes d'essai de freinage (ISO 4210-4:2014) Fahrräder - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren für Bremsen (ISO 4210-
4:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 June 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4210-4:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
EN ISO 4210-4:2014 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
EN ISO 4210-4:2014 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 4210-4:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 149 "Cycles" in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 333 “Cycles” the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by July 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 14764:2005, EN 14766:2005, EN 14781:2005.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4210-4:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4210-4:2014 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4210-4
First edition
2014-07-01
Cycles — Safety requirements for
bicycles —
Part 4:
Braking test methods
Cycles — Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes —
Partie 4: Méthodes d’essai de freinage
Reference number
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test methods . 1
4.1 Brake lever grip dimensions . 1
4.2 Brake levers — Position of applied force . 5
4.3 Brake-block and brake-pad assemblies — Security test . 7
4.4 Hand-operated braking-system — Strength test . 7
4.5 Back-pedal braking system — Strength test . 7
4.6 Braking performance . 8
4.7 Brakes — Heat-resistance test .25
Annex A (informative) Explanation of the method of least squares for obtaining the line of best fit
and ±20 % limit lines for braking performance linearity .26
Bibliography .29
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 149, Cycles, Subcommittee SC 1, Cycles and major
sub-assemblies.
This first edition of ISO 4210-4, together with ISO 4210-1, ISO 4210-2, ISO 4210-3, ISO 4210-5, ISO 4210-6,
ISO 4210-7, ISO 4210-8, and ISO 4210-9, cancels and replaces ISO 4210:1996, which has been technically
revised.
ISO 4210 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles:
— Part 1: Terms and definitions
— Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles
— Part 3: Common test methods
— Part 4: Braking test methods
— Part 5: Steering test methods
— Part 6: Frame and fork test methods
— Part 7: Wheels and rims test methods
— Part 8: Pedals and drive system test methods
— Part 9: Saddles and seat-post test methods
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Introduction
This International Standard has been developed in response to the demand throughout the world. The
aim is to ensure that bicycles manufactured in compliance with this International Standard will be as
safe as is practically possible. The tests are designed to ensure the strength and durability of individual
parts as well as of the bicycle as a whole, demanding high quality throughout and consideration of safety
aspects from the design stage onwards.
The scope is limited to safety considerations, and has specifically avoided standardization of components.
If the bicycle is to be used on public roads, national regulations apply.
For the purpose of improvement of repeatability and reproducibility, and considering the applicability
to all types of bicycle and the size and influence of the operator, the machine test method reflects today’s
state of the art and is preferred to the track test method.
Unless there is evidence of improvement of the test track method in the future, make this method
informative for the next revision. Users of this International Standard are invited to provide their
feedback to the ISO/TC 149/SC 1.
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles —
Part 4:
Braking test methods
1 Scope
This part of ISO 4210 specifies the braking test methods for ISO 4210-2.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document
and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4210-1, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 1: Terms and definitions
ISO 4210-2:2014, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 2: Requirements for city & trekking,
young adult, mountain and racing bicycles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4210-1 apply.
4 Test methods
4.1 Brake lever grip dimensions
4.1.1 Test method for the brake lever similar to type A or type B
Fit the gauge illustrated in Figure 1 over the handlebar grip or the handlebar (when the manufacturer
does not fit a grip) and the brake lever as shown in Figure 2 so that face A is in contact with the handlebar
or grip and the side of the brake lever. Ensure that face B spans an area of that part of the brake lever
which is intended for contact with the rider’s fingers without the gauge causing any movement of the
brake lever towards the handlebar or grip. Measure the distance, a, the distance between the last part of
the lever intended for contact with the rider’s fingers and the end of the lever. The measurement should
be conducted only on a fully assembled bicycle.
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
A face A
B face B
C rod
D 75 mm or 90 mm
Figure 1 — Brake lever grip dimension gauge for type A and type B
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
a) Type A
b) Type B
NOTE Minimum grip length is shown.
Figure 2 — Method of fitting the gauge to the brake lever and handlebar
4.1.2 Test method for the brake lever similar to type C
Fit the gauge illustrated in Figure 3 over the handlebar and brake lever as shown in Figure 4 so that face
A is in contact with the handlebar or handlebar grip and the brake lever. Put the face of cylinder B in
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
contact with the part of the grip intended for contact with the rider’s hand and check if the requirements
are met.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
A face A
B face of cylinder
C rod
Figure 3 — Brake lever grip-dimension gauge for type C
4 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Figure 4 — Method of fitting the gauge to the brake lever and handlebar for type C
4.2 Brake levers — Position of applied force
4.2.1 Type A and B brake levers
For the purposes of braking tests in this part of ISO 4210, for brake levers similar to type A or type B,
the test force shall be applied at a distance b, which is equal to either dimension a [see ISO 4210-2:2014,
Figure 2 a) and b)] as determined in 4.1.1 or 25 mm from the free end of the brake lever, whichever is the
greater [see Figure 5 a) and Figure 5 b)].
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
4.2.2 Type C brake levers
For the purposes of braking tests in this part of ISO 4210, for brake levers similar to type C, the test force
shall be applied at a distance of 25 mm from the free end of the brake lever [see Figure 5 c)].
a) Type A b) Type B
c) Type C
Key
F applied force
b ≥ 25 mm
Figure 5 — Position of applied force on the brake lever
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
4.3 Brake-block and brake-pad assemblies — Security test
Conduct the test on a fully assembled bicycle with the brakes adjusted to a correct position with a rider
or equivalent mass on the saddle. The combined mass of the bicycle and rider (or equivalent mass) shall
be 100 kg.
Actuate each brake lever with a force of 180 N applied at the point specified in Figure 5 or a force
sufficient to bring the brake lever into contact with the handlebar grip, whichever is lesser. Maintain
this force while subjecting the bicycle to five forward and five rearward movements, each of which is
not less than 75 mm distance.
Then conduct the test described in 4.4 or 4.5 as appropriate, depending on the style of brake, and then
the test described in 4.6.
4.4 Hand-operated braking-system — Strength test
Conduct the test on a fully assembled bicycle. After it has been ensured that the braking system is
adjusted according to the recommendations in the manufacturer’s instructions, apply a force to the
brake lever at the point specified in Figure 5. This force shall be 450 N, or such lesser force as is required
to bring
a) a brake lever into contact with the handlebar grip or the handlebar where the manufacturer does
not fit a grip,
b) a brake extension lever level with the surface of the handlebar or in contact with the handlebar, and
c) a secondary brake lever to the end of its travel.
Repeat the test 10 times on each brake lever, secondary brake lever, or extension lever.
4.5 Back-pedal braking system — Strength test
Conduct the test on a fully assembled bicycle. After it has been ensured that the braking system is
correctly adjusted, and with the pedal cranks in a horizontal position, as shown in Figure 6, apply a
vertically downward force to the centre of the left-hand pedal spindle. Increase the force progressively
to 1 500 N and maintain fully for 1 min.
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Key
1 chain
2 hub sprocket
3 non-drive side crank
4 cycle chain wheel and pedal crank
5 point of force application
6 pedal
Figure 6 — Back-pedal brake test
4.6 Braking performance
4.6.1 Test bicycle
Conduct the braking performance test on a fully assembled bicycle after the brakes have been subjected
to the strength test detailed in ISO 4210-2:2013, 4.6.6, and 4.6.7. Before testing the bicycle by either
method, inflate the tyres and adjust the brakes according to the manufacturer’s instructions. In the case
of rim-brakes, adjust it to the maximum clearance specified by the manufacturer.
4.6.2 Secondary brake levers
Where a bicycle is fitted with secondary brake levers attached to brake levers, bar-ends, or aerodynamic
extensions, separate tests shall be conducted for the operation of the secondary brake levers in addition
to tests with the normal levers.
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
4.6.3 Track test method
4.6.3.1 Test track
a) Use an indoor test track if possible. If an outdoor test track is used, pay special attention to ambient
conditions throughout the test.
b) The gradient of the track shall not exceed 0,5 %. If the gradient is less than 0,2 % carry out all runs
in the same direction. If the gradient lies between 0,2 % and 0,5 %, carry out alternate runs in
opposite directions.
c) The surface shall be hard, of concrete or fine asphalt, and free from loose dirt or gravel. The minimum
coefficient of friction between the dry surface and the bicycle tyre shall be 0,75.
d) The track shall be essentially dry at the commencement of tests. When testing to the requirements
of 4.6.3.6, the track shall remain dry throughout the tests.
e) The wind speed on the track shall not exceed 3 m/s during the tests.
4.6.3.2 Instrumentation
The test bicycle or the test track shall be instrumented to include the following:
a) a calibrated speedometer or tachometer (accurate to within ±5 %) to indicate to the rider the
approximate speed at the commencement of braking;
b) a velocity-recording device (accurate to within ±2 %) to record the velocity at the commencement
of braking;
c) a distance recording system (accurate to within ±1 %) to record the braking distance;
d) a water spray system, to provide wetting of the braking surface, consisting of a water reservoir
connected by tubing to a pair of nozzles at the front wheel and a pair of nozzles at the rear wheel.
A quick-acting on/off valve shall be included for control by the rider. Each nozzle shall provide a
flow of water at ambient temperature of not less than 4 ml/s. Details of the positions and directions
of nozzles for rim brakes, hub brakes, band brakes, disc brakes, and back-pedal brake are given in
Figures 7 to 13;
NOTE Figures 7 and 8 for rim brakes show side-pull callipers but the same arrangements apply to centre-
pull callipers and cantilever brakes.
e) a brake-actuation indicating system to record independently when each lever or pedal is actuated.
4.6.3.3 Mass of bicycle, rider, and instrumentation
The combined mass of the bicycle, the rider, and the instrumentation shall be 100 kg.
When wet condition braking tests are performed, the combined mass can decrease throughout the test
due to water consumption, but it shall not be less than 99 kg at the end of the valid test runs.
Where a manufacturer specifies that their bicycle can carry a mass such that the sum of that mass plus
the mass of the bicycle is in excess of 100 kg (60 kg for young adults) to some value M, apply M as total
weight.
Any extra weight shall be positioned above the rear wheel and in front of the rear axle.
4.6.3.4 Force applied to the brake levers
a) Magnitude and position of force on brake levers
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Apply a handgrip force not exceeding 180 N at the point as specified in Figure 5. Check before and after
each series of test runs to verify the lever force.
b) Optional brake-force application device
It is permissible to use a test mechanism to operate the brake lever, and when such a device is used, it
shall meet the requirements of 4.6.3.4 item a) and shall additionally control the rate of application of the
brake lever force such that 63 % of the intended lever force is applied in not less than 0,2 s.
4.6.3.5 Running — in the braking surfaces
A running-in process shall be conducted on every brake before performance testing is carried out.
Apply the brakes for not less than 3 s to maintain steady deceleration while the bicycle is being ridden at
a speed of approximately 16 km/h. Repeat this operation 10 times.
4.6.3.6 Test method — Test runs under dry conditions
Pedal the test bicycle until the specified test velocity is attained (see ISO 4210-2:2013, Table 2). Then stop
pedalling and apply the brakes. The bicycle shall be brought to a smooth, safe stop [see ISO 4210-2:2013,
4.6.8.2 item a)].
4.6.3.7 Test method — Test runs under wet conditions
The method shall be as given in 4.6.3.6, with the addition that wetting of the brake system(s) shall
commence not less than 25 m prior to the commencement of braking and shall continue until the bicycle
comes to rest. Excessive amounts of water can be swept from the test track surface between runs.
4.6.3.8 Number of valid test runs
a) If the gradient of the track is less than 0,2 %, the following runs shall be made:
1) five consecutive valid runs under dry conditions;
2) two acclimatization runs under wet conditions (results not recorded);
3) five consecutive valid runs under wet conditions.
b) If the gradient of the track lies between 0,2 % and 0,5 %, the following runs shall be made:
1) six consecutive valid runs under dry conditions with alternate runs in opposite directions;
2) two acclimatization runs under wet conditions (results not recorded);
3) six consecutive valid runs under wet conditions with alternate runs in opposite directions.
A rest period not exceeding 3 min can be taken between successive runs.
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Key
1 water nozzles
2 fork crown
3 front tee-piece
4 wheel rim
5 direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 7 — Water nozzles for rim-brake (front)
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 water nozzles
2 rear tee-piece
3 bicycle frame
4 wheel rim
5 brake assembly
6 direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 8 — Water nozzles for rim-brake (rear)
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Key
1 water nozzle
2 two water nozzles
3 hub brake
4 direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 9 — Water nozzles for hub-brake
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 water nozzle
2 bicycle frame
3 rear tee-piece
4 band brake
5 rear hub
6 direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 10 — Water nozzles for band-brake
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 front hub
2 water nozzles
3 flexible pipe
4 suspension-fork leg
5 Y-joint
6 brake-disc
7 direction of the wheel rotation
8 disc-brake calliper
Figure 11 — Water nozzles for disc-brake (front)
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 water nozzles
2 bicycle frame
3 rear hub
4 Y-joint
5 brake disc
6 disc-brake calliper
7 direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 12 — Water nozzles for disc-brake (rear)
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
Key
1 water nozzles
2 rear tee-piece
3 bicycle frame
4 brake hub
5 direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 13 — Water nozzles for back-pedal brake
4.6.3.9 Velocity/distance correction factor
A correction factor shall be applied to the measured braking distance if the velocity as checked by the
timing device is not precisely as specified in ISO 4210-2:2013, 4.6.8.1.1.
The corrected braking distance shall be determined from Formula (1):
2
V
s
S = ×S (1)
c m
V
m
where
S is the corrected braking distance (m);
c
S is the measured braking distance (m);
m
V is the specified test velocity (m/s);
s
V is the measured test velocity (m/s).
m
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SIST EN ISO 4210-4:2014
ISO 4210-4:2014(E)
4.6.3.10 Validity of test runs
a) A test run shall be considered invalid if
1) excessive side-skid causing the rider to put his foot to the ground to retain control occurs, or
2) loss of control occurs.
With certain types of braking system, it might not be possible to avoid entirely some skidding of the
rear wheel during braking. This is considered acceptable provided that 1) or 2) above do not occur
as a result.
b) If the corrected braking distance exceeds the braking distance specified in ISO 4210-2:2013, Table 2,
a test run shall be considered invalid if the velocity at the commencement of the test exceeds the
specified test velocity by more than 1,5 km/h as specified in ISO 4210-2:2013, Table 2.
c) If the corrected braking distance is less than the braking distance specified in ISO 4210-2:2013,
Table 2, a test run shall be considered invalid if the velocity at the commencement of braking is more
than 1,5 km/h below the specified test velocity.
If the corrected braking distance exceeds the braking distance specified in ISO 4210-2:2013, Table 2,
the test run shall be considered valid.
4.6.3.11 Test results
a) Braking under dry conditions
Depending on the gradient of the test track, the test result shall be the average value of the corrected
braking distance (see 4.6.3.9) of the test results of either
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 4210-4:2013
01-januar-2013
Kolesa - Varnostne zahteve za kolesa - 4. del: Preskusne metode za zavore
(ISO/DIS 4210-4:2012)
Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4: Braking test methods (ISO/DIS 4210-
4:2012)
Fahrräder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an Fahrräder - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren für
Bremsen (ISO/DIS 4210-4:2012)
Cycles - Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes - Partie 4: Méthodes d'essai de freinage
(ISO/DIS 4210-4:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 4210-4
ICS:
43.150 Kolesa Cycles
oSIST prEN ISO 4210-4:2013 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 4210-4:2013
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oSIST prEN ISO 4210-4:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN ISO 4210-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2012
ICS 43.150 Will supersede EN 14764:2005, EN 14766:2005, EN
14781:2005
English Version
Cycles - Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4: Braking test
methods (ISO/DIS 4210-4:2012)
Cycles - Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes - Partie 4: Fahrräder - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an
Méthodes d'essai de freinage (ISO/DIS 4210-4:2012) Fahrräder - Teil 4: Prüfverfahren für Bremsen (ISO/DIS
4210-4:2012)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 333.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 4210-4:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN ISO 4210-4:2013
prEN ISO 4210-4:2012 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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oSIST prEN ISO 4210-4:2013
prEN ISO 4210-4:2012 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 4210-4:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 149 "Cycles" in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 333 “Cycles” the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 14764:2005, EN 14766:2005, EN 14781:2005.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/DIS 4210-4:2012 has been approved by CEN as a prEN ISO 4210-4:2012 without any
modification.
3
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oSIST prEN ISO 4210-4:2013
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 4210-4
ISO/TC 149/SC 1 Secretariat: JISC
Voting begins on Voting terminates on
2012-11-08 2013-04-08
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles —
Part 4:
Braking test methods
Cycles — Exigences de sécurité des bicyclettes —
Partie 4: Méthodes d'essai de freinage
ICS 43.150
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and
processed under the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member bodies for a parallel
five-month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be
submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee
secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at
publication stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
© International Organization for Standardization, 2012
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as permitted
under the applicable laws of the user’s country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract from it may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
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E-mail copyright@iso.org
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Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test methods . 1
4.1 Brake-lever grip dimensions . 1
4.1.1 Test method for the brake-lever similar to Type A or Type B . 1
4.1.2 Test method for the brake-lever similar to Type C . 3
4.2 Brake-levers – Position of applied force . 5
4.2.1 Type A and B brake levers. 5
4.2.2 Type C brake levers . 5
4.3 Brake-block and brake-pad assemblies - Security test . 6
4.4 Hand-operated braking-system - Strength test . 7
4.5 Back-pedal braking system - Strength test . 7
4.6 Braking performance . 8
4.6.1 Test bicycle . 8
4.6.2 Secondary brake-levers . 9
4.6.3 Track test method . 9
4.6.4 Back-pedal brake linearity test . 19
4.6.5 Machine test method . 19
4.7 Brakes - Heat-resistance test . 25
Annex A (informative) Explanation of the method of least squares for obtaining line of best fit and
±20 % limit lines for braking performance linearity . 26
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 4210-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 149, Cycles, Subcommittee SC 1, Cycles and
major sub-assemblies.
ISO 4210 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles:
Part 1: Terms and definitions
Part 2: Requirements for city & trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles
Part 3: Common test methods
Part 4: Braking test methods
Part 5: Steering test methods
Part 6: Frame and fork test methods
Part 7: Wheel and rim test methods
Part 8: Pedal and drive system test methods
Part 9: Saddle and seat-post test methods
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Introduction
This International Standard has been developed in response to demand throughout the world, and the aim
has been to ensure that bicycles manufactured in compliance with it will be as safe as is practically possible.
The tests have been designed to ensure the strength and durability of individual parts as well as of the bicycle
as a whole, demanding high quality throughout and consideration of safety aspects from the design stage
onwards.
The scope has been limited to safety considerations, and has specifically avoided standardisation of
components.
If the bicycle is to be used on public roads, national regulations apply and it may be equipped with a lighting
system.
Statement of WG9 regarding brake performance test methods:
for the purpose of improvement of repeatability and reproducibility,
considering the applicability to all types of bicycle and size and the influence of the operator
the machine test method reflects today state of the art and should be preferred to the track test method.
Unless evidence of improvement of the test track method in the future, the WG9 recommends to make this
method informative for the next revision. Users of the standard are invited to provide their feedback to the
ISO/TC149/SC1.
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oSIST prEN ISO 4210-4:2013
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 4210-4
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles —
Part 4:
Braking test methods
1 Scope
This part of ISO 4210 specifies the braking test methods for ISO 4210-2.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
1)
ISO 4210-1:– , Cycles – Safety requirements for bicycles – Part 1: Terms and definitions
2)
ISO 4210-2:– , Cycles – Safety requirements for bicycles – Part 2: Requirements for city & trekking, young
adult, mountain and racing bicycles
3)
ISO 4210-3:– , Cycles – Safety requirements for bicycles – Part 3: Common test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions are given in ISO 4210-1.
4 Test methods
4.1 Brake-lever grip dimensions
4.1.1 Test method for the brake-lever similar to Type A or Type B
Fit the gauge illustrated in Figure 1 over the handlebar-grip or the handlebar (when the manufacturer does not
fit a grip) and the brake-lever as shown in Figures 2 so that the face A is in contact with the handlebar or grip
and the side of the brake-lever. Ensure that the face B spans an area of that part of the brake-lever which is
intended for contact with the rider's fingers without the gauge causing any movement of the brake-lever
towards the handlebar or grip. Measure the distance a, the distance between the last part of the lever
intended for contact with the rider's fingers and the end of the lever.
NOTE The measurement should be conducted only on a fully-assembled bicycle.
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4210:1996)
2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4210:1996)
3) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4210:1996)
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
A Face A
B Face B
C Rod
Figure 1 — Brake-lever grip dimension gauge for Type A and Type B
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
a) Type A
b) Type B
Figure 2 — Method of fitting the gauge to the brake-lever and handlebar
(Minimum grip length is shown)
4.1.2 Test method for the brake-lever similar to Type C
Fit the gauge illustrated in Figure 3 over the handlebar and brake lever as shown in Figure 4 so that the face A
contacts the handlebar or handlebar-grip and the brake-lever. Put the face of cylinder B in contact with the
part of the grip intended for contact with rider’s hand and check if the requirements are met.
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
A Face A
B Face of cylinder
C Rod
Figure 3 — Brake-lever grip-dimension gauge for Type C
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Figure 4 — Method of fitting the gauge to the brake-lever and handlebar for Type C
4.2 Brake-levers – Position of applied force
4.2.1 Type A and B brake levers
For the purposes of braking tests in this standard, for brake-levers similar to Type A or Type B, the test force
shall be applied at a distance, b, which is equal to either dimension a (see ISO4210-2:–, Figure 3 a) and b)) as
determined in 4.1.1 or 25 mm from the free end of the brake-lever, whichever is the greater (see Figure 5 a)
and b)).
4.2.2 Type C brake levers
For the purposes of braking tests in this standard, for brake-levers similar to Type C, the test force shall be
applied at a distance of 25 mm from the free end of the brake-lever (see Figure 5 c)).
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
a) Type A b) Type B
Key
F Applied force
b ≥ 25 mm
c) Type C
Key
F Applied force
Figure 5 — Position of applied force on the brake-lever
4.3 Brake-block and brake-pad assemblies - Security test
Conduct the test on a fully-assembled bicycle with the brakes adjusted to a correct position with a rider or
equivalent mass on the saddle. The combined mass of the bicycle and rider (or equivalent mass) shall be 100
kg.
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Actuate each brake-lever with a force of 180 N applied at the point as specified in Figures 5 or a force
sufficient to bring the brake-lever into contact with the handlebar grip, whichever is the lesser. Maintain this
force whilst subjecting the bicycle to five forward and five rearward movements, each of which is not less than
75 mm distance.
Then conduct the test described in 4.4 or 4.5 as appropriate depending on the style of brake, and then the test
described in 4.6.
4.4 Hand-operated braking-system - Strength test
Conduct the test on a fully-assembled bicycle. After it has been ensured that the braking system is adjusted
according to the recommendations in the manufacturer's instructions, apply a force to the brake-lever at the
point as specified in Figures 5. This force shall be 450 N, or such lesser force as is required to bring:
a) a brake-lever into contact with the handlebar grip or the handlebar where the manufacturer does not fit a
grip;
b) a brake extension-lever level with the surface of the handlebar or in contact with the handlebar;
c) a secondary brake lever to the end of its travel.
Repeat the test for a total of 10 times on each brake-lever, secondary brake lever or extension lever.
4.5 Back-pedal braking system - Strength test
Conduct the test on a fully-assembled bicycle. After it has been ensured that the braking system is correctly
adjusted, and with the pedal cranks in a horizontal position, as shown in Figure 6, apply a vertically-downward
force to the centre of the left-hand pedal spindle. Increase the force progressively to 1 500 N and maintain
fully for 1 min.
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Key
1 Chain
2 Hub sprocket
3 Left crank
4 Cycle chain-wheel and pedal crank
5 Point of force application
6 Pedal
Figure 6 — Back-pedal brake test
4.6 Braking performance
4.6.1 Test bicycle
Conduct the braking-performance test on a fully-assembled bicycle after the brakes have been subjected to
the strength test detailed in ISO 4210-2:–, 4.5.6, 4.5.7. Before testing the bicycle by either method, inflate the
tyres and adjust the brakes all according to the manufacturer's instructions, but in the case of rim-brakes to
the maximum clearance specified by the manufacturer.
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4.6.2 Secondary brake-levers
Where a bicycle is fitted with secondary brake-levers attached to brake-levers, bar-ends or aerodynamic
extensions, separate tests shall be conducted for the operation of the secondary brake-levers in addition to
tests with the normal levers.
4.6.3 Track test method
4.6.3.1 Test track
a) Use an indoor test-track if possible. If an outdoor test-track is used, pay special attention to ambient
conditions throughout the test;
b) the gradient of the track shall not exceed 0,5 %. If the gradient is less than 0,2 % carry out all runs in the
same direction. If the gradient lies between 0,2 % and 0,5 % carry out alternate runs in opposite
directions;
c) the surface shall be hard, of concrete or fine asphalt free from loose dirt or gravel. The minimum
coefficient of friction between the dry surface and the bicycle tyre shall be 0,75;
d) the track shall be essentially dry at the commencement of tests. When testing to the requirements of
4.6.3.6, the track shall remain dry throughout the tests;
e) the wind speed on the track shall not exceed 3 m/s during the tests.
4.6.3.2 Instrumentation
The test bicycle or the test track shall be instrumented to include the following:
a) a calibrated speedometer or tachometer (accurate to within ± 5 %) to indicate to the rider the approximate
speed at the commencement of braking;
b) a velocity recording device (accurate to within ± 2 %) to record the velocity at the commencement of
braking;
c) a distance recording system (accurate to within ± 1 %) to record the braking distance;
d) a water spray system, to provide wetting of the braking surface, consisting of a water reservoir connected
by tubing to a pair of nozzles at the front wheel and a pair of nozzles at the rear wheel. A quick-acting
on/off valve shall be included for control by the rider. Each nozzle shall provide a flow of water at ambient
temperature of not less than 4 ml/s. Details of the positions and directions of nozzles for rim-brakes, hub-
brakes, band-brakes, disc-brakes and back-pedal brake are given in Figures 7 to 13;
NOTE Figures 7 and 8 for rim-brakes show side-pull callipers but the same arrangements apply to centre-pull
callipers and cantilever brakes.
e) a brake-actuation indicating system to record independently when each lever or pedal is actuated.
4.6.3.3 Mass of bicycle, rider and instrumentation
The combined mass of the bicycle, the rider, and the instrumentation shall be 100 kg.
When wet condition braking tests are performed, the combined mass can decrease throughout the test due to
water consumption, but it shall be not less than 99 kg at the end of the valid test runs.
Where a manufacturer specifies that his bicycle can carry a mass such that the sum of that mass plus the
mass of the bicycle is in excess of 100 kg (60 kg for young adults) to some value M, apply M as total weight.
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Any extra weight shall be positioned above the rear wheel and in front of the rear axle.
4.6.3.4 Force applied to the brake-levers
a) Magnitude and position of force on brake-levers
Apply a handgrip force not exceeding 180 N at the point as specified in Figures 5. Check before and after
each series of test runs to verify the lever force.
b) Optional brake-force application device
It is permissible to use a test mechanism to operate the brake-lever, and when such a device is used, it shall
meet the requirements of 4.6.3.4 a) and shall additionally control the rate of application of the brake-lever
force such that 63 % of the intended lever force is applied in not less than 0,2 s.
4.6.3.5 Running-in the braking surfaces
A running-in process shall be conducted on every brake before performance testing is carried out.
Apply the brakes for not less than three seconds to maintain steady deceleration whilst the bicycle is being
ridden at a speed of approximately 16 km/h. Repeat this operation 10 times.
4.6.3.6 Test method — Test runs under dry conditions
Pedal the test bicycle until the specified test velocity is attained (see ISO 4210-2:–, Table 2). Then stop
pedalling and apply the brakes. The bicycle shall be brought to a smooth, safe stop (see ISO 4210-2:–, 4.5.8.2
a)).
4.6.3.7 Test method — Test runs under wet conditions
The method shall be as given in 4.6.3.6, with the addition that wetting of the brake system(s) shall commence
not less than 25 m prior to the commencement of braking and shall continue until the bicycle comes to rest.
NOTE Excessive amounts of water may be swept from the test-track surface between runs.
4.6.3.8 Number of valid test runs
a) If the gradient of the track is less than 0,2 %, the following runs shall be made:
1) five consecutive valid runs under dry conditions;
2) two acclimatisation runs under wet conditions (results not recorded);
3) five consecutive valid runs under wet conditions.
b) If the gradient of the track lies between 0,2 % and 0,5 %, the following runs shall be made:
1) six consecutive valid runs under dry conditions with alternate runs in opposite directions;
2) two acclimatisation runs under wet conditions (results not recorded);
3) six consecutive valid runs under wet conditions with alternate runs in opposite directions.
NOTE A rest period not exceeding 3 min may be taken between successive runs.
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Key
1 Water-nozzles
2 Fork crown
3 Front tee-piece
4 Wheel rim
5 Direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 7 — Water nozzles for rim-brake (front)
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Water-nozzles
2 Rear tee-piece
3 Bicycle frame
4 Wheel rim
5 Brake assembly
6 Direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 8 — Water nozzles for rim-brake (rear)
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Key
1 Water-nozzle
2 Two water-nozzle
3 Hub brake
4 Direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 9 — Water nozzles for hub-brake
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Water-nozzle
2 Bicycle frame
3 Rear tee-piece
4 Band brake
5 Rear hub
6 Direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 10 — Water nozzles for band-brake
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Water-nozzles
2 Front hub
3 Flexible pipe
4 Suspension-fork leg
5 Y-joint
6 Brake-disc
7 Direction of the wheel rotation
8 Disc-brake calliper
Figure 11 — Water nozzles for disc-brake (front)
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Water-nozzles
2 Bicycle frame
3 Rear hub
4 Y-joint
5 Brake disc
6 Disc-brake calliper
7 Direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 12 — Water nozzles for disc-brake (rear)
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
Key
1 Water-nozzles
2 Rear tee-piece
3 Bicycle frame
4 Brake hub
5 Direction of the wheel rotation
Figure 13 — Water nozzles for back-pedal brake
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ISO/DIS 4210-4
4.6.3.9 Velocity/distance correction factor
A correction factor shall be applied to the measured braking distance if the velocity as checked by the timing
device is not precisely that speci
...
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