oSIST prEN 16191:2023
(Main)Tunnel boring machines - Safety requirements
Tunnel boring machines - Safety requirements
This document is applicable to tunnel boring machines and associated machines and equipment as defined in Clause 3 used for the primary purpose of creating an underground void through the construction of horizontal and inclined tunnels and other underground excavations.
NOTE 1 Other underground excavations can include access structures to complex tunnel layouts such as in underground stations, utilities, underground storage facilities as well as below ground tunnel portals.
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to such machinery when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see 4).
This document covers monitoring for hazardous atmospheres within the confines of the tunnel boring machines.
Requirements for air locks and pressurized transfer shuttles are covered by prEN 12110-1:2023 and prEN 12110-2:2023.
Hand-arm and whole-body vibration are not considered as significant hazards for tunnel boring machines.
The following items and applications are not covered by this document:
- the additional requirements for the use of entire tunnelling machinery within a hyperbaric environment;
- the additional requirements for use of tunnel boring machines in potentially explosive atmospheres;
NOTE 2 For the application in potentially explosive atmospheres, see EN ISO/IEC 80079 38:2016 for guidance.
- ancillary tools and equipment which are not an integral part of the tunnel boring machine, but located on the machinery;
- supply network for services to the tunnel boring machine (e.g. power supply, water, pipes, compressed air, ventilation duct, etc.);
- loading and transport machinery which is not an integral part of the tunnel boring machine, e.g. delivery vehicle for logistic support, tunnel spoil removal system;
- EMC interactions between the tunnelling machinery and third-party surface and underground assets, e.g. railway signalling.
This document is not applicable to tunnel boring machines which are manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN.
Tunnelbohrmaschinen - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen
Dieses Dokument ist anwendbar für Tunnelbohrmaschinen und zugehörige Maschinen und Ausrüstung wie in Abschnitt 3 definiert, die hauptsächlich für die Schaffung eines untertägigen Hohlraums durch Konstruktion von horizontalen und schrägen Tunneln und andere Abbauarbeiten unter Tage verwendet werden.
ANMERKUNG 1 Zu anderen Abbauarbeiten unter Tage können Zugangskonstruktionen zu komplexen Tunnelanordnungen wie bei unterirdischen Bahnhöfen, Versorgungseinrichtungen, untertägige Lagereinrichtungen sowie Tunnelportale unterhalb der Erdoberfläche zählen.
Es behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse, die auf diese Maschinen zutreffen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und entsprechend den vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Bedingungen des Herstellers verwendet werden (siehe Abschnitt 4).
Dieses Dokument behandelt die Überwachung gefahrbringender Umgebungen im Rahmen von Tunnelbohrmaschinen.
Anforderungen an Druckluftschleusen und unter Druck stehende Transfer Shuttles werden in prEN 12110 1:2023 und prEN 12110 2:2023 behandelt.
Hand-Arm- und Ganzkörpervibration werden nicht als signifikante Gefährdungen bei Tunnelbohrmaschinen berücksichtigt.
Folgende Teile und Anwendungen sind in diesem Dokument nicht enthalten:
- die zusätzlichen Anforderungen an die Anwendung der gesamten Tunnelbaumaschinen in einer Umgebung mit Überdruck;
- die zusätzlichen Anforderungen an die Anwendung von Tunnelbohrmaschinen in explosionsfähiger Umgebung;
ANMERKUNG 2 Zur Anwendung in explosionsfähiger Umgebung siehe EN ISO/IEC 80079 38:2016 als Anleitung.
- Hilfswerkzeuge und Ausrüstung, die kein integraler Bestandteil von Tunnelbohrmaschinen sind, sich aber an den Maschinen befinden;
- Versorgungsnetz für Versorgungsleitungen zur Tunnelbohrmaschine (z. B. Energieversorgung, Wasser, Leitungen, Druckluft, Ventilationsschacht usw.);
- Lade- und Transportausrüstung, die nicht integraler Bestandteil der Tunnelbohrmaschine ist, z B. Lieferfahrzeug für logistische Unterstützung, Abtransportsystem für Aushub im Tunnel;
- EMV Wechselwirkungen zwischen der Tunnelbaumaschine und Anlagen Dritter über und unter Tage, z. B. Eisenbahnsignale.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Tunnelbohrmaschinen, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieser Europäischen Norm durch CEN hergestellt worden sind.
Tunneliers - Prescriptions de sécurité
Le présent document s'applique aux tunneliers et aux machines et équipements associés tels que définis dans l’Article 3 , utilisés dans le but principal de créer une cavité souterrainne par la construction de tunnels horizontaux et inclinés et d'autres excavations souterraines.
NOTE 1 D'autres excavations souterraines peuvent inclure des structures d'accès à des implantations de tunnel complexes, comme dans les postes souterrains, les services, les installations de stockage souterrain, ainsi que les portiques de tunnel souterrains.
Il traite de tous les phénomènes, situations et événements dangereux significatifs relatifs aux engins de terrassement lorsqu'ils sont utilisés comme prévu ou dans des conditions de mauvais usage que le fabricant peut raisonnablement prévoir (voir Article 4).
Le présent document couvre la surveillance des atmosphères dangereuses dans les limites des tunneliers.
Les prescriptions relatives aux sas de transfert et aux navettes de transfert pressurisées sont couvertes par les prEN 12110-1:2023 et prEN 12110-2:2023.
Les vibrations transmises aux mains-bras et sur tout le corps ne représentent pas des phénomènes dangereux significatifs pour les tunneliers.
Les éléments et applications suivants ne sont pas pris en compte par le présent document :
- les prescriptions complémentaires pour l’utilisation de l’ensemble tunneliers dans un environnement hyperbare ;
- les prescriptions complémentaires pour l’utilisation de tunneliers dans des atmosphères potentiellement explosives ;
NOTE 2 Pour l’application dans des atmosphères potentiellement explosives, voir l’EN ISO/IEC 80079 38:2016 pour des lignes directrices.
- les accessoires et outils auxiliaires qui ne font pas partie intégrante du tunnelier, mais qui sont situés sur la machine ;
- réseau d'alimentation pour les services destinés au tunnelier (par exemple, alimentation en énergie, eau, tuyaux, air comprimé, conduit de ventilation, etc.) ;
- les machines de chargement et de transport qui ne font pas partie intégrante du tunnelier, par exemple le véhicule de livraison pour le soutien logistique, le système d'évacuation des déblais du tunnel ;
- Les interactions CEM entre le tunnelier et les actifs tiers de surface et souterrains, par exemple la signalisation ferroviaire.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux tunneliers fabriqués avant la date de publication de la présente Norme européenne par le CEN.
Stroji za gradnjo predorov - Varnostne zahteve
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16191:2023
01-april-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16191:2014
Stroji za gradnjo predorov - Varnostne zahteve
Tunnel boring machines - Safety requirements
Tunnelbohrmaschinen - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen
Tunneliers - Prescriptions de sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16191
ICS:
91.220 Gradbena oprema Construction equipment
93.060 Gradnja predorov Tunnel construction
oSIST prEN 16191:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 16191:2023
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oSIST prEN 16191:2023
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 16191
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2023
ICS 93.060; 91.220 Will supersede EN 16191:2014
English Version
Tunnel boring machines - Safety requirements
Tunneliers - Prescriptions de sécurité Tunnelbohrmaschinen - Sicherheitstechnische
Anforderungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 151.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16191:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 16191:2023
prEN 16191:2023(E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 14
4.1 General. 14
4.2 Protective measures . 14
4.3 Control stations . 28
4.4 Guards and protective devices . 29
4.5 Control systems . 31
4.6 Towing connection . 35
4.7 Laser guidance . 36
4.8 Ventilation and the control of dust and gas. 36
4.9 Noise . 38
4.10 Electrical equipment. 39
4.11 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems. 42
4.12 Fire . 43
4.13 Storage of rescue equipment . 45
4.14 Refuge chamber . 45
4.15 Probe drilling equipment . 45
4.16 Transportation, lifting and assembly . 45
4.17 Maintenance . 46
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures. 46
6 Information for use . 46
6.1 General. 46
6.2 Emergency information, warning signs and symbols . 47
6.3 Emergency information, warning signs and symbols . 47
6.4 Marking . 51
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 52
Annex B (informative) Examples of tunnelling machines . 54
Annex C (normative) Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction
measures . 56
Annex D (normative) Noise test code . 69
Annex E (normative) Minimum requirements for refuge chamber . 71
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 74
Bibliography . 77
2
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oSIST prEN 16191:2023
prEN 16191:2023(E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 16191:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151
“Construction equipment and building material machines – Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 16191:2014.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part
of this document.
prEN 16191:2023 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 16191:2014:
— revision of definitions;
— revision of all safety requirements;
— update of list of significant hazards;
— update of Annex ZA.
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oSIST prEN 16191:2023
prEN 16191:2023(E)
Introduction
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered
are indicated in the scope of this document.
The intended use of the machinery is agreed between the manufacturer and the user, taking into account
information on predicted ground, ground water, tunnel diameter, tunnel alignment and environmental
conditions.
It also takes account of operational procedures agreed between the manufacturer and user including
services to the TBM, power supply, tunnel ventilation system, spoil removal systems and supply logistics
as well as emergency procedures.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
When requirements of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B
standards, the requirements of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type C
standard.
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oSIST prEN 16191:2023
prEN 16191:2023(E)
1 Scope
This document is applicable to tunnel boring machines and associated machines and equipment as
defined in Clause 3 used for the primary purpose of creating an underground void through the
construction of horizontal and inclined tunnels and other underground excavations.
NOTE 1 Other underground excavations can include access structures to complex tunnel layouts such as in
underground stations, utilities, underground storage facilities as well as below ground tunnel portals.
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to such machinery when
they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the
manufacturer (see 4).
This document covers monitoring for hazardous atmospheres within the confines of the tunnel boring
machines.
Requirements for air locks and pressurized transfer shuttles are covered by prEN 12110-1:2023 and
prEN 12110-2:2023.
Hand-arm and whole-body vibration are not considered as significant hazards for tunnel boring
machines.
The following items and applications are not covered by this document:
— the additional requirements for the use of entire tunnelling machinery within a hyperbaric
environment;
— the additional requirements for use of tunnel boring machines in potentially explosive atmospheres;
NOTE 2 For the application in potentially explosive atmospheres, see EN ISO/IEC 80079-38:2016 for
guidance.
— ancillary tools and equipment which are not an integral part of the tunnel boring machine, but located
on the machinery;
— supply network for services to the tunnel boring machine (e.g. power supply, water, pipes,
compressed air, ventilation duct, etc.);
— loading and transport machinery which is not an integral part of the tunnel boring machine, e.g.
delivery vehicle for logistic support, tunnel spoil removal system;
— EMC interactions between the tunnelling machinery and third-party surface and underground assets,
e.g. railway signalling.
This document is not applicable to tunnel boring machines which are manufactured before the date of
publication of this European Standard by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 3-7:2004+A1:2007, Portable fire extinguishers — Part 7: Characteristics, performance requirements
and test methods
EN 620:2021, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety requirements for fixed belt conveyors
for bulk materials
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EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 4: Chain slings — Grade 8
EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 3: Control actuators
EN 981:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — System of auditory and visual danger and information
signals
FprEN 1570-1:2022, Safety requirements for lifting tables — Part 1: Lifting tables serving up to two fixed
landing
EN 1808:2015, Safety requirements for suspended access equipment — Design calculations, stability
criteria, construction — Examinations and tests
EN 1837:2020, Safety of machinery — Integral lighting of machines
1
EN 1993-1-1:2005 , Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
EN 1993-1-8:2005, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-8: Design of joints
EN 12021:2014, Respiratory equipment — Compressed gases for breathing apparatus
prEN 12110-1:2023, Tunnel boring machines — Air locks — Part 1: Requirements for air locks utilising
compressed air as the pressurising or breathing medium along with requirements for oxygen breathing
systems for decompression purposes
prEN 12110-2:2023, Tunnel boring machines — Air locks — Part 2: Safety requirements for the use of non-
air breathing mixtures and saturation techniques in personnel locks and for pressurised transfer shuttles
2
EN 12195-1:2010 , Load restraining on road vehicles — Safety — Part 1: Calculation of securing forces
EN 13414-1:2003+A2:2008, Steel wire rope slings — Safety — Part 1: Slings for general lifting service
3
EN 13480-3:2017 , Metallic industrial piping — Part 3: Design and calculation
EN 14359:2017, Gas-loaded accumulators for fluid power applications
EN 14973:2015, Conveyor belts for use in underground installations — Electrical and flammability safety
requirements
EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment — Safety — Part 1: Common requirements
EN 16228-2:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment — Safety — Part 2: Mobile drill rigs for
civil and geotechnical engineering, quarrying and mining
EN 60076-2:2011, Power transformers — Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers
(IEC 60076-2:2011)
1
As impacted by EN 1993-1-1:2005/A1:2014.
2
As impacted by EN 12195-1:2010/AC:2014.
3
As impacted EN 13480-3:2017/A1:2021.
6
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EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General
requirements (IEC 60204-1:2016, modified)
EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for
hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 60825-1:2014, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
(IEC 60825-1:2014)
EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for
visual, acoustic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007)
EN IEC 60079-0:2018, Explosive atmospheres — Part 0: Equipment — General requirements (IEC 60079-
0:2017)
EN IEC 60204-11:2019, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 11: Requirements
for equipment for voltages above 1000 V AC or 1500 V DC and not exceeding 36 kV (IEC 60204-11:2018)
EN IEC 61439-1:2021, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies — Part 1: General rules
(IEC 61439-1:2020)
EN ISO 3411:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator
space envelope (ISO 3411:2007)
EN ISO 3449:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Falling-object protective structures — Laboratory tests
and performance requirements (ISO 3449:2005)
EN ISO 3457:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Guards — Definitions and requirements (ISO 3457:2003)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 10218-2:2011, Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for industrial robots — Part 2:
Robot systems and integration (ISO 10218-2:2011)
EN ISO 11161:2007, Safety of machinery — Integrated manufacturing systems — Basic requirements (ISO
11161:2007)
EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental
corrections (ISO 11202:2010)
EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
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EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 12922:2020, Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) — Family H (Hydraulic
systems) — Specifications for hydraulic fluids in categories HFAE, HFAS, HFB, HFC, HFDR and HFDU (ISO
12922:2020)
EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
EN ISO 13766-1:2018, Earth-moving and building construction machinery — Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) of machines with internal electrical power supply — Part 1: General EMC requirements
under typical electromagnetic environmental conditions (ISO 13766-1:2018)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design (ISO
13850:2015)
EN ISO 14118:2018, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up (ISO 14118:2017)
EN ISO 14119:2013, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for
design and selection (ISO 14119:2013)
EN ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction
of fixed and movable guards (ISO 14120:2015)
EN ISO 14122-1:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice
of fixed means and general requirements of access (ISO 14122-1:2016)
EN ISO 14122-2:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2016)
EN ISO 14122-3:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs,
stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2016)
EN ISO 14122-4:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed
ladders (ISO 14122-4:2016)
EN ISO 19353:2019, Safety of machinery — Fire prevention and fire protection (ISO 19353:2019)
ISO 3795:1989, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Determination of
burning behaviour of interior materials
ISO 3864-1:2011, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for
safety signs and safety markings
ISO 6405-1:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 1:
Common symbols
ISO 11112:1995, Earth-moving machinery — Operator’s seat — Dimensions and requirements
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ISO 12508:1994, Earth-moving machinery — Operator station and maintenance areas — Bluntness of
edges
ISO 15380:2016, Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) — Family H (Hydraulic systems)
— Specifications for hydraulic fluids in categories HETG, HEPG, HEES and HEPR
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the
definitions given below apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
tunnelling machinery
tunnel boring machines and associated machines and equipment designed for excavation and
construction of tunnels and shafts, as described in 3.2 to 3.10
3.2
shield machine
steerable ground support structure within which tunnel excavation takes place by manual, mechanical
or hydraulic means and within which erection of tunnel support can take place
Note 1 to entry: The shield machine is propelled forward by reaction onto the tunnel lining. See Figure B.1 in
Annex B. Shield machines provide lateral and/or radial ground support. In addition, they can provide various types
of face support and ground water control.
3.3
shielded tunnel boring machine
shield machine for full face excavation, having one or more rotating cutter heads in which the cutter
head(s) can be separated from the rest of the shield by a bulkhead, the passage of material through which
can be controlled
Note 1 to entry: Reaction forces caused by the excavation process are transferred into the tunnel lining. See
Figure B.2.
3.4
telescopic shield machine
shielded tunnel boring machine as defined in 3.3 equipped with a gripping system as described in 3.12
Note 1 to entry: Telescopic shield machine is also known as a double shield machine.
3.5
unshielded tunnel boring machine
machine fitted with a rotating cutter head, but which lacks a shield for ground support or can be partially
shielded for protection of the cutter head only
Note 1 to entry: See Figure B.3.
Note 2 to entry: The torque and thrust reactions are resisted by anchoring the complete machinery against the
ground by means of a gripping system.
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3.6
reaming machine
unshielded tunnel boring machine intended to enlarge a pilot tunnel in one or more steps
Note 1 to entry: In most cases, unshielded tunnel boring machinery work the full face of the tunnel. However, in
some cases the tunnel is driven in two or more phases, by starting with a pilot hole which is enlarged in one or more
steps. This method is called reaming. In principle these machines are the same as an unshielded tunnel boring
machine driving the whole tunnel area in one step.
3.7
incline shaft boring machine
tunnelling machine as defined in 3.2 to 3.6 designed to operate in incline, decline or near vertical direction
3.8
micro tunnelling machine
shielded tunnel boring machine designed for non-man entry operation (except for maintenance purposes
when out of service) which is remotely controlled by an operator from outside the tunnel
Note 1 to entry: See Figure B.4.
3.9
thrust boring machine
machine for constructing pipelines by displacement
3.10
auger boring machine
non-steerable machine for constructing pipelines using continuous flight augers for excavation and spoil
removal
3.11
partial face excavation equipment
cutter boom or backhoe excavator installed in a shield machine
Note 1 to entry: See Figure B.1.
3.12
gripping system
equipment for the transfer of the reactive forces caused by the excavation process into the tunnel wall
3.13
regripping
process of disengaging the gripping system, relocating and re-engaging the gripping system
3.14
excavation chamber
front part of a shield between ground face and shield bulkhead, into which the ground is excavated
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the type of tunnelling machinery the excavation chamber may be separated into
different compartments.
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3.15
back-up equipment
steel construction which accommodates equipment, to provide the machine with services (including
water, compressed air, electrical power, hydraulic power) for its operation and its crew with facilities for
their work and comfort
Note 1 to entry: For tunnelling machinery described in 3.2 to 3.7 the back-up equipment is normally towed behind
the machine, i.e. it is “towed back-up equipment”, whereas for pipe jacking and micro tunnelling equipment, thrust
boring and auger boring machines, the back-up equipment is installed at the bottom of an access shaft or on the
surface adjacent thereto.
3.16
pipe jacking rig
hydraulic jacking equipment, intended to drive a pipe string through the ground to form a tunnel lining
3.17
lining erection equipment (erector)
handling and erecting equipment for tunnel lining segments, situated within or immediately behind a
shield machine
3.18
erecting device
equipment for handling and erection of other ground support elements such as steel ribs, situated within
a tunnel boring machine and its back-up equipment
3.19
rock bolting device
equipment for drilling and installation of rock bolts, situated within or behind an unshielded tunnel
boring machine
3.20
probe drilling equipment
drilling equipment for ground investigation ahead of and around the tunnel
3.21
control station
any location on a tunnelling machinery or back-up equipment from where one or more functions of the
tunnelling machinery, back-up equipment or their separate working units can be controlled by an
operator
3.22
main control station
control station from where the excavation operation and the advance of the tunnelling machinery is
controlled
3.23
walkway
3.23.1
main walkway
provides access along the entire length of the backup equipment including permitting moving between
working areas and also forms an escape route
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oSIST prEN 16191:2023
prEN 16191:2023(E)
3.23.2
servicing point access walkway
part of the walkway system on tunnel machinery, including micro tunnelling machines accessible only in
standstill mode that permits walking or moving to servicing points
3.24
access opening
opening within tunnelling machinery through which a man may pass to access servicing points, for
example in the shield bulkhead or the cutterhead
3.25
servicing point
any location on a tunnelling machinery or back-up equipment where maintenance or servicing is carried
out
3.26
working area
area on or in tunnelling machinery, where work is performed, for example rock bolt installation, ring
beam erection, segment handling and ring erection, services extension
3.27
trailing cable
power cable which extends from the towed back-up equipment to the tunnel power supply normally
stowed on the cable drum or cable trail
3.28
essential services
services as defined in this standard which are maintained in the event of a loss of the main power supply
3.29
refuge chamber
enclosed space which provides life support for persons trapped in tunnel by smoke, fume or gas other
than methane
3.30
air lock
pressur
...
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