SIST EN 12697-6:2020

Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens

This document specifies test methods for determining the bulk density of a compacted bituminous specimen. The test methods are intended for use with laboratory compacted specimens or specimens from the pavement after placement and compacting, either by coring or sawing.
This document specifies the following four procedures, the choice of which is used being dependent on the estimated content and accessibility of voids in the specimen:
a)   bulk density - dry (for specimens with a very closed surface);
b)   bulk density - saturated surface dry (SSD) (for specimens with a closed surface);
c)   bulk density - sealed specimen (for specimens with an open or coarse surface);
d)   bulk density by dimensions (for specimens with a regular surface and with geometric shapes, i.e. squares, rectangles, cylinders, etc.).
NOTE   Annex A (informative) gives general guidance on selecting the appropriate procedure.

Asphalt - Prüfverfahren - Teil 6: Bestimmung der Raumdichte von Asphalt-Probekörpern

Dieses Dokument legt Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Raumdichte von verdichteten Asphalt Probekörpern fest. Diese Prüfverfahren sind für die Anwendung auf im Labor verdichtete Probekörper oder aus Bohrkernen oder durch Schneiden hergestellte Probekörper vorgesehen, die zuvor einer Fahrbahndecke nach deren Einbau und Verdichtung entnommen wurden.
Dieses Dokument legt die folgenden vier Verfahren fest, wobei die Entscheidung, welches von diesen anzuwenden ist, vom geschätzten Hohlraumgehalt und von der Zugänglichkeit der Hohlräume im Probekörper abhängt:
a)   Raumdichte - trocken (für Probekörper mit einer sehr dichten Oberfläche);
b)   Raumdichte - gesättigte Oberfläche trocken (en: Saturated Surface Dry (SSD)) (für Probekörper mit einer dichten Oberfläche);
c)   Raumdichte - umhüllter Probekörper (für Probekörper mit einer offenen oder rauen Oberfläche);
d)   Raumdichte durch Ausmessen (für Probekörper mit einer regelmäßigen Oberfläche und geometrischen Formen, z. B. Quadrate, Rechtecke, Zylinder usw.).
ANMERKUNG   Anhang A (informativ) enthält allgemeine Hinweise zur Auswahl des zutreffenden Prüfverfahrens.

Matériaux enrobés - Méthodes d'essai - Partie 6 : Détermination de la masse volumique apparente des éprouvettes bitumineuses

Ce document décrit les méthodes d’essai pour la détermination de la masse volumique apparente de corps d’épreuve bitumineux après compactage. Les méthodes d’essai sont applicables à des éprouvettes compactées en laboratoire ou à des corps d’épreuve prélevés par carottage ou sciage dans la chaussée après mise en œuvre et compactage.
Ce document décrit quatre modes opératoires ci-après, le choix de chacun d’entre eux dépendant du volume de vides estimé et de leur degré d’interconnexion dans l’éprouvette :
a) masse volumique apparente — sèche (pour les éprouvettes présentant une surface très fermée) ;
b) masse volumique apparente — surface saturée sèche (SSS) (pour les éprouvettes présentant une surface fermée) ;
c) masse volumique apparente — éprouvette étanchée (pour les éprouvettes présentant une surface ouverte ou grossière) ;
d) masse volumique apparente géométrique (pour les éprouvettes présentant une surface régulière et des faces de formes géométriques carrées, rectangulaires, cylindriques, etc.).
NOTE L’Annexe A (informative) donne des indications générales sur le choix du mode opératoire approprié.

Bitumenske zmesi - Preskusne metode - 6. del: Ugotavljanje prostorninske gostote bitumenskih preskušancev

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 19-Feb-2019
• Publication Date: 01-Apr-2020
• ICS: 93.080.20 - Road construction materials
• Technical Committee: CES - Roads
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 05-Mar-2020
• Due Date: 10-May-2020
• Completion Date: 02-Apr-2020
• Ref Project: EN 12697-6:2020 - Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 12697-6:2012 - Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020

Overview

EN 12697-6:2020 (CEN) specifies standardized test methods for determining the bulk density of compacted bituminous specimens (laboratory compacted or in-situ cores/sawn specimens). Bulk density is determined from specimen mass and volume; for most procedures the volume is derived by water displacement (Archimedes principle) using masses measured in air and under water. The standard defines four procedures and guidance (Annex A) to select the appropriate method based on void content and surface accessibility.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Four permitted procedures
  • Procedure A - Dry: for specimens with a very closed surface (no pre-treatment before immersion).
  • Procedure B - Saturated Surface Dry (SSD): specimen saturated then blotted to SSD before weighing.
  • Procedure C - Sealed specimen: for open/coarse surfaces; specimen sealed (e.g., paraffin wax, shrinkage foil, latex emulsion) to prevent water entering internal voids. Sealing material density must be known.
  • Procedure D - By dimensions: for specimens with regular geometric shapes (cylinders, rectangles, squares) where volume is calculated from measured dimensions.
• Measurement principles
  • Mass in air and mass in water are used to compute volume; density of water must be calculated at the test temperature (reported to 0.0001 Mg/m3).
  • All masses to 0.1 g precision (balance accuracy: at least 0.1 g up to 5 kg; 1 g above 5 kg). Temperatures controlled and recorded.
• Apparatus & tolerances
  • Water bath with uniform temperature ±1.0 °C and circulation grid; thermometer ±0.5 °C.
  • Damp chamois for SSD blotting; callipers or gauges accurate to ±0.1 mm for dimensional procedure.
• Sample handling
  • Minimum specimen thickness: 20 mm or twice the maximum aggregate size, whichever is larger.
  • Specimens stored <25 °C; dry to constant mass (successive weighings ≥1 h apart differing ≤0.1%).
• Reporting & quality
  • The standard includes calculation methods, precision (repeatability/reproducibility) requirements, and mandatory test report items.

Applications and users

EN 12697-6:2020 is used for:

• Quality control and acceptance testing of hot-mix and other bituminous pavement layers.
• Research and materials characterization in laboratories assessing compaction, voids, and mixture density.
• Field testing on cores or sawn pavement specimens to verify in-place density. Primary users: pavement engineers, materials laboratories, contractors, road authorities, mix designers, and QA/QC personnel involved in asphalt testing and specification compliance.

Related standards

• EN 12697 series (other test methods for bituminous mixtures)
• EN 12697-29 (determination of specimen dimensions) - referenced for dimensional procedure details

Keywords: EN 12697-6:2020, bulk density of bituminous specimens, bituminous mixtures test methods, SSD procedure, sealed specimen, bulk density by dimensions, asphalt density testing, CEN standard.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12697-6:2012
Bitumenske zmesi - Preskusne metode - 6. del: Ugotavljanje prostorninske gostote
bitumenskih preskušancev
Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous
specimens
Asphalt - Prüfverfahren - Teil 6: Bestimmung der Raumdichte von Asphalt-Probekörpern
Matériaux enrobés - Méthodes d'essai - Partie 6 : Détermination de la masse volumique
apparente des éprouvettes bitumineuses
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12697-6:2020
ICS:
93.080.20 Materiali za gradnjo cest Road construction materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 12697-6
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 93.080.20 Supersedes EN 12697-6:2012
English Version
Bituminous mixtures - Test methods - Part 6:
Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens
Mélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai - Partie 6 : Asphalt - Prüfverfahren - Teil 6: Bestimmung der
Détermination de la masse volumique apparente des Raumdichte von Asphalt-Probekörpern
éprouvettes bitumineuses
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 November 2019.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12697-6:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Principle . 6
5 Materials . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Additional materials for the sealed specimen procedure . 6
6 Apparatus . 6
6.1 General . 6
6.2 Additional apparatus for the dry, SSD and sealed specimen procedures . 6
6.3 Additional apparatus for the SSD-procedure . 7
6.4 Additional apparatus for the dimensions procedure . 7
7 Sample sizes and sample handling . 7
8 Preparation of sample . 7
9 Procedure. 7
9.1 General . 7
9.2 Procedure A: Bulk density — dry . 7
9.3 Procedure B: Bulk density — Saturated surface dry (SSD) . 8
9.4 Procedure C: Bulk Density — Sealed specimen . 8
9.5 Procedure D: Bulk density by dimensions . 9
10 Calculation . 9
10.1 Procedure A: Bulk density — dry . 9
10.2 Procedure B: Bulk density — SSD. 9
10.3 Procedure C: Bulk density — Sealed specimen . 10
10.4 Procedure D: Bulk density by dimensions . 10
10.4.1 Cylindrical specimen . 10
10.4.2 Rectangular specimen . 11
11 Precision . 11
11.1 General . 11
11.2 Repeatability (same observer — same apparatus) . 11
11.3 Reproducibility (different observers — different apparatus) . 11
12 Test report . 12
Annex A (informative) General guidance on selection of a test procedure to determine the
bulk density of compacted bituminous materials . 13
A.1 General . 13
A.2 Background (see Figure A.1) . 13
A.3 Guidance . 14
Bibliography . 16
European foreword
This document (EN 12697-6:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road
materials”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2020, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by August 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12697-6:2012.
The following is a list of significant technical changes since the previous edition:
— the title no longer makes the method exclusively for hot mix asphalt;
— [ge] editorial update according to current standard template;
— [ge] NOTEs adjusted according to ISO/IEC Directives – Part 2:2016, 24.5;
— [Clause 2] correction of title for EN 12697-29. Reference to EN 13108-20 deleted;
— [6.1.1] description of accuracy for balance amended to; “With an accuracy of at least 0,1 g for
masses up to 5 kg, and 1 g for masses over 5 kg. (Ref. EN 12697-38);
— [6.2.2] description added for accuracy of thermometer to ± 0,5 °C (Ref. EN 12697-38);
— [6.4.1] dated reference of EN 12697-29 deleted;
— [9.3 f)] clarified that also procedure D may be applicable;
— [9.4 a)] amended to include procedure when damp specimen is tested;
— [9.4 c)] added reference to 5.2 Additional materials for the sealed specimen procedure;
= (8 - 28) amended to read σ = (8 to 28) and R = (22 - 82) amended to read
— [11.1] editorial: σR R
R = (22 to 82);
— [A.1] reference to EN 13108-20 deleted;
— [A.2] new NOTE 2 added referring to relevant ASTM methods;
— [A.3 a)] completed with limitation for procedure A, up to void content 7 %;
— [A.3 b)] limitation for procedure A, amended to void content 7 %;
— [A.3 c)] air voids level amended from 15 % to 10 %;
— [A.3 c)] sentence, stating that procedure C is less convenient and rarely used, deleted;
— [A.3 d)] air voids level amended from 15 % to 10 %.
A list of all parts in the EN 12697 series can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies test methods for determining the bulk density of a compacted bituminous
specimen. The test methods are intended for use with laboratory compacted specimens or specimens
from the pavement after placement and compacting, either by coring or sawing.
This document specifies the following four procedures, the choice of which is used being dependent on
the estimated content and accessibility of voids in the specimen:
a) bulk density — dry (for specimens with a very closed surface);
b) bulk density — saturated surface dry (SSD) (for specimens with a closed surface);
c) bulk density — sealed specimen (for specimens with an open or coarse surface);
d) bulk density by dimensions (for specimens with a regular surface and with geometric shapes, i.e.
squares, rectangles, cylinders, etc.).
NOTE Annex A (informative) gives general guidance on selecting the appropriate procedure.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 12697-29, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods — Part 29: Determination of the dimensions of a
bituminous specimen
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/ui
3.1
bulk density
mass per unit volume, including the air voids, of a specimen at known test temperature
3.2
maximum density
mass per unit volume, without air voids, of a bituminous mixture at known test temperature
4 Principle
The bulk density of an intact compacted bituminous specimen is determined from the mass of the
specimen and its volume. The mass of the specimen is obtained by weighing the dry specimen in air.
For the first three procedures, the volume of the specimen is obtained from its mass in air and its mass
in water. In the dry procedure, the mass in water is determined without pre-treatment. In the SSD-
procedure, the specimen is first saturated with water, after which its surface is blotted dry with a damp
Chamois. In the sealed specimen procedure, the specimen is sealed before immersion in water to
prevent access of water to the voids in the specimen. In the fourth procedure, by dimensions, the
volume of the specimen is obtained by measurement of the dimensions.
5 Materials
5.1 General
Calculate the density of water at the test temperature in megagram per cubic metre (Mg/m ) to the
nearest 0,000 1 Mg/m as follows:
 
7,,59×−t 5 32× t
(1)
ρ 1,000 252 05+ 
w
 6 
 
where
t is the temperature of the water, in degrees Celsius (°C);
ρ is the density of the water at test temperature, in megagram per cubic metre (Mg/m ).
w
5.2 Additional materials for the sealed specimen procedure
Material to seal the specimen, in such a way, that inclusion of voids (being no part of the specimen)
between seal and specimen is prevented. The density of the sealing material at test temperature shall be
known to the nearest 0,010 Mg/m .
The material used can be paraffin wax, shrinkage foil, latex emulsion etc. The procedure to apply such
materials should be such that the specimen is not damaged. It is very important that the seal exactly
covers the specimen including the voids which technologically form part of its volume: when applying
the seal penetration of the internal voids belonging to the material is prevented, as well as inclusion of
extra voids between seal and specimen or in seal folds.
6 Apparatus
6.1 General
6.1.1 Balance, with sufficient capacity for weighing the specimen in air and under water (e.g. via a
wire basket, the mass and water displacement of which are taken into account by taring), with an
accuracy of at least 0,1 g for masses up to 5 kg, and 1 g for masses over 5 kg.
6.2 Additional apparatus for the dry, SSD and sealed specimen procedures
6.2.1 Water-bath, maintained at a uniform temperature within ± 1,0 °C in the vicinity of the test
specimen(s).
It shall be provided with a grid to ensure the water circulation around the test specimen. The bath shall
have a capacity of at least three times that
...