SIST EN 15435:2008
Precast concrete products - Normal weight and lightweight concrete shuttering blocks - Product properties and performance
Precast concrete products - Normal weight and lightweight concrete shuttering blocks - Product properties and performance
Specification of non loadbearing shuttering blocks, made of concrete with normal weight or lightweight aggregates, with or without integrated thermal insulation. Shuttering blocks are intended to be used to form walls and partitions when filled with concrete or mortar. Concrete shuttering blocks rely on a concrete or mortar infill for their structural performance and are not intended to be used unfilled. This standard does not cover masonry units covered in EN 771-3.
Betonfertigteile - Schalungssteine aus Normal- und Leichtbeton - Produkteigenschaften und Leistungsmerkmale
Dieser Teil von ISO 8835 legt Anforderungen für Anästhesie Atemsysteme fest, die entweder vom Hersteller montiert geliefert werden oder vom Betreiber nach den Herstelleranweisungen zusammen gebaut werden.
Er behandelt auch Absorber Baugruppen für ein Kreissystem, Abgasventile, Ein und Ausatemventile und für einige Konstruktionen diejenigen Teile eines Anästhesie Atemsystems, die in ein Anästhesiesystem eingebaut sind, einschließlich des Weges eines Anästhesie Beatmungsgeräts für ausgeatmetes Gas und der Teile eines nicht vom Anwender abnehmbaren Anästhesiegas Fortleitungssystems (AGFS).
Dieser Teil von ISO 8835 behandelt nicht die Leistung von Atemsystemen hinsichtlich der Beseitigung ausgeatmeten Kohlenstoffdioxids, da dies ein komplexer Vorgang ist und von der Wechselwirkung mit dem Patienten, dem Frischgasstrom, dem Absorptionsmittel für das Kohlenstoffdioxid und vom Atemsystem selbst abhängt.
Dieser Teil von ISO 8835 gilt nicht für Atemsysteme, die für die Verwendung mit brennbaren Anästhesiemitteln bzw. gasen vorgesehen sind.
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Blocs de coffrage en béton de granulats courants et légers - Exigences et méthode d'essai
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les propriétés, les performances et les méthodes d’essais des blocs
de coffrage en béton non porteurs, fabriqués à partir de granulats courants ou légers ou une combinaison des
deux. Les blocs de coffrage peuvent comporter des dispositifs d'emboîtement ainsi qu'un isolant thermique
supplémentaire mis en oeuvre en usine. Les blocs de coffrage sont destinés à être utilisés pour la réalisation
de murs et de cloisons, une fois remplis de béton ou de mortier. Les blocs de coffrage en béton sont
dépendants du remplissage de béton ou de mortier pour leur performance structurale et ne sont pas destinés
à être utilisés non remplis.
La présente norme ne couvre pas les éléments de maçonnerie couverts par l'EN 771-3.
Montažni betonski izdelki - Normalni in lahki betonski bloki - Značilnosti in obnašanje izdelkov
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 15435:2008
01-september-2008
Montažni betonski izdelki - Normalni in lahki betonski bloki - Značilnosti in
obnašanje izdelkov
Precast concrete products - Normal weight and lightweight concrete shuttering blocks -
Product properties and performance
Betonfertigteile - Schalungssteine aus Normal- und Leichtbeton - Produkteigenschaften
und Leistungsmerkmale
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Blocs de coffrage en béton de granulats courants et
légers - Exigences et méthode d'essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15435:2008
ICS:
91.100.30 Beton in betonski izdelki Concrete and concrete
products
SIST EN 15435:2008 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 15435:2008
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 15435
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2008
ICS 91.100.30
English Version
Precast concrete products - Normal weight and lightweight
concrete shuttering blocks - Product properties and performance
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Blocs de coffrage en Betonfertigteile - Schalungssteine aus Normal- und
béton de granulats courants et légers - Propriétés et Leichtbeton - Produkteigenschaften und
performances des produits Leistungsmerkmale
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 March 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15435:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.4
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references.5
3 Terms, definitions and symbols.6
3.1 Terms and definitions .6
3.2 Symbols.7
4 Requirements.8
4.1 General.8
4.2 Raw materials and concrete .9
4.3 Dangerous substances.9
4.4 Geometric properties.9
4.5 Density.10
4.6 Moisture movement.10
4.7 Reaction to fire.10
4.8 Water vapour permeability.10
4.9 Mechanical strength.10
4.10 Acoustic properties.11
4.11 Thermal properties.11
4.12 Water absorption by capillarity .11
4.13 Durability.11
5 Test methods.12
5.1 Geometric properties.12
5.2 Density.14
5.3 Mechanical strength.15
6 Classification.15
7 Marking.16
8 Evaluation of conformity.16
8.1 General.16
8.2 Initial type testing .16
8.3 Factory production control.17
Annex A (normative) Determination of web tensile strength .18
A.1 Principle.18
A.2 Apparatus.18
A.3 Procedure.19
A.4 Determining the tensile strength of webs .21
A.5 Test report.23
Annex B (normative) Determination of shell flexural strength.24
B.1 Principle.24
B.2 Apparatus.24
B.3 Procedure.24
B.4 Determining the flexural strength of the shells .24
B.5 Test report.28
Annex C (normative) Sampling for initial type testing .29
C.1 General.29
C.2 Sampling procedure.29
C.3 Place and dates of inspection and acceptance testing .31
2
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
Annex D (normative) Compliance criteria for initial type testing and for independent batch
acceptance testing .32
Annex E (informative) Example of inspection schemes .33
E.1 Equipment inspection.33
E.2 Materials inspection.34
E.3 Production process inspection.35
E.4 Product inspection.36
E.5 Switching rules.37
Annex F (informative) Filling pressure of concrete infill .38
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU
Construction Products Directive .39
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics.39
ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of concrete shuttering blocks.40
ZA.3 CE marking and labelling .42
Bibliography.44
3
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 15435:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concret
products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by January 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Construction Products Directive
(89/106/EC).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
It also takes into account the “Common rules for precast concrete products” in EN 13369.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
4
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the properties, performance and test methods of factory made, non-load
bearing hollow concrete shuttering blocks made from normal weight or lightweight aggregates or a
combination of both. Shuttering blocks may include vertical or horizontal interlocking features and factory
installed supplementary insulation. Shuttering blocks are intended to be used to form walls and partitions
when filled with concrete or mortar. Concrete shuttering blocks rely on a concrete or mortar infill for their
structural performance and are not intended to be used unfilled.
This standard does not cover masonry units covered in EN 771-3.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 772-11, Methods of test for masonry units — Part 11: Determination of water absorption of aggregate
concrete, manufactured stone and natural stone masonry units due to capillary action and the initial rate of
water absorption of clay masonry units
EN 772-14, Methods of test for masonry units - Part 14: Determination of moisture movement of aggregate
concrete and manufactured stone masonry units
EN 772-16, Methods of test for masonry units — Part 16: Determination of dimensions
EN 772-20, Methods of test for masonry units - Part 20: Determination of flatness of faces of aggregate
concrete, manufactured stone and natural stone masonry units
EN 1745, Masonry and masonry products — Methods for determining design thermal values
EN 12390-5:2000, Testing hardened concrete — Part 5: Flexural strength of test specimens
EN 12664, Thermal performance of building materials and products - Determination of thermal resistance by
means of guarded hot plate and heat flow meter methods - Dry and moist products of medium and low
thermal resistance
EN 13369, Common rules for precast concrete products
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification using
data from reaction to fire tests
EN ISO 12572, Hygrothermal performance of building materials and products — Determination of water
vapour transmission properties (ISO 12572:2001)
5
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
shuttering block
hollow block, sometimes incorporating lateral interlocking, intended as permanent formwork for concrete or
mortar infill, for laying dry or with mortar
Figure 1 — Example of a shuttering block
3.1.2
shuttering block with supplementary thermal insulation
shuttering block incorporating thermal insulation to enhance thermal resistance
Figure 2 — Examples of shuttering blocks with supplementary thermal insulation
3.1.3
design (nominal) dimension
dimension targeted in the project documentation
3.1.4
actual dimension (of the product)
dimension found by measurement (on the finished product)
6
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
3.1.5
specially shaped shuttering block
shuttering block having a shape, such as a corner block, which allows it to fulfil a particular function
3.1.6
interlocking features (horizontal and/or vertical)
shaped matched projections and indentations on shuttering blocks (e.g. tongue and groove systems)
3.1.7
hollow core
shaped void for incorporation of concrete or mortar infill and any supplementary thermal insulation
3.1.8
shell
solid material between the hollow core and the faces of a shuttering block
3.1.9
web
solid material linking the shells of the shuttering block
3.1.10
web recess
formed notch in a web
3.2 Symbols
l length of the shuttering block in mm
t width of the shuttering block in mm
b
h
height of the shuttering block in mm
t thickness of the outer shell in mm
s1
t thickness of the inner shell in mm
s2
t (w , w , etc.) thickness of web in mm
1 2
w1
t width of the hollow core (concrete infill) in mm
c
W width of web recess
R
t thickness of the insulating material in mm
i
h Total height of the web in mm (h = h + h )
R R1 R2
R
2
A
Total area of the web recess in mm
R
l diagonal of the face
d
h recessed height of web (h = h – h – h )
w W R1 R2
a length of hollow core
1
a length of cantilevered shell
2
7
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
Figure 3 — Geometric specification symbols
4 Requirements
4.1 General
The requirements and properties specified in this European Standard shall be defined in terms of the test
methods and other procedures referred in this European Standard.
NOTE The standard test methods are not always applicable to specially shaped shuttering blocks as defined in 3.1.5.
8
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
4.2 Raw materials and concrete
Materials for shuttering block concrete shall comply with EN 13369. Any supplementary thermal insulation
material shall comply with an appropriate European standard.
4.3 Dangerous substances
Shuttering blocks shall not release any dangerous substances in excess of the maximum permitted levels
specified or permitted in the national regulations valid in the place of use.
4.4 Geometric properties
4.4.1 Dimensions
The dimensions of the shuttering blocks shall be declared in millimetres for length, width and height, in that
order (see Figure 3). The dimensions of voids and web recesses shall be declared in millimetres. They shall
be given in terms of work size and be shown on diagrams. Tolerances on declared work sizes of individual
regular shaped shuttering blocks shall conform to Table 1. Closer deviations may be declared by the
manufacturer for one or more dimensions.
The thickness of shell(s) and web(s) shall be declared.
Table 1 — Permissible deviations in millimetres
Dimensions
of voids and
Length Width Height
web
recesses
(l) (t) (h)
b
+5 +5 +3 +10
-5 -5 -5 -4
4.4.2 Web recess area
When web recesses are included the minimum web recess area shall be declared. The web recess area shall
be determined in accordance with 5.1.4.
4.4.3 Flatness
4.4.3.1 Flatness of external faces of facing shuttering blocks
When the surface of facing shuttering blocks is declared as plane, it shall not deviate from a plane by more
than 0,1 √l mm or 2 mm whichever is the greater, where l is the length of the diagonal of the face. The
d d
flatness of external faces of facing shuttering blocks shall be determined in accordance with 5.1.5.
4.4.3.2 Flatness of bed faces
When the shuttering blocks are dry-stacked the flatness of bed faces shall be determined in accordance with
5.1.6.The deviation from flatness shall not exceed 3 mm.
4.4.4 Squareness
When required, squareness between the side-faces and both bed faces for shuttering blocks to be dry-
stacked shall not deviate by more than 5 mm when measured in accordance with 5.1.3.2. or 3 mm when
measured in accordance with 5.1.3.3.
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
4.4.5 Appearance of facing shuttering blocks
When required, the appearance of facing shuttering blocks may have compliance established on the basis of
comparison with any approved samples. Comparison shall be made from a distance of 3 m in normal daylight
conditions. This compliance shall be established before the shuttering blocks are used.
4.5 Density
3
The net dry density of the shuttering blocks shall be declared in kg/m . The mean value of the test samples
shall not differ from the declared value by more than ± 10 %. The dry density shall be determined according to
5.2.
For factory production control purposes, density may be verified by weighing individual shuttering blocks.
4.6 Moisture movement
When required, the moisture movement of the shuttering blocks (shrinkage and expansion) shall be declared.
Moisture movement shall be determined according to EN 772-14.
4.7 Reaction to fire
For concrete shuttering blocks intended to be used in elements subject to fire requirements, the manufacturer
shall declare the reaction to fire classification of the shuttering block.
Shuttering blocks containing a mass or volume fraction of a maximum of 1,0 % (whichever is the most
onerous) of homogeneously distributed organic materials, are classified as Class A1 without the need to test.
Shuttering blocks containing a mass or volume fraction more than 1,0 % (whichever is the most onerous) of
homogeneously distributed organic materials shall be classified in accordance with EN 13501-1 and the
appropriate reaction to fire class declared.
Information on reaction to fire class of supplementary insulating material shall be given on the basis of
European standards as declared by the supplier of the insulating material.
NOTE Attention is drawn to the Commission Decision 96/603/EC, as amended by Commission
Decision 2000/605/EC, in which non-combustible shuttering blocks containing not more than a mass or volume fraction of
1,0 % (whichever is the more onerous) of homogeneously distributed organic materials are classified as reaction to fire
Class A1 without testing.
4.8 Water vapour permeability
When required, the water vapour permeability shall be declared according to tabulated values in EN 1745 or
determined according to EN ISO 12572.
4.9 Mechanical strength
4.9.1 General
The mechanical strength of shuttering blocks shall be sufficient to allow handling and withstand the filling
pressure on the shells.
For factory production control purposes mechanical strength may be verified by testing compressive strength
in accordance with EN 772-1.
When relevant, the thermal insulation adhesion shall be determined according to 5.3 and declared.
10
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
NOTE Determination of thermal insulation adhesion can be relevant for blocks where thermal insulation binds
together two block halves, see last block type in Figure 2.
4.9.2 Tensile strength of webs
The mean tensile strength shall be determined only when the web width is less than the shell width and/or the
web height is less than 80 % of the shuttering block height.
The tensile strength in N/mm² of the webs f shall be determined on the smallest section of the webs
t,fl
according to 5.3 and shall not be less than the design value f .
t,min
Shuttering blocks shall be tested according to 5.3 and Annex A, the results evaluated according to Annex D.
4.9.3 Flexural strength of shells
The mean flexural strength in N/mm² of the shell f , shall not be less than f .
f
f,m ,min
The flexural strength of the shells shall be determined on the thinnest shell according to 5.3.
Shuttering blocks shall be tested according to 5.3 and Annex B, results evaluated according to Annex D.
4.10 Acoustic properties
When required, the manufacturer shall supply information on the acoustic properties.
NOTE 1 The acoustic properties depend mainly on the density and configuration of the shuttering blocks and/or on the
mass of the finished walls.
NOTE 2 Airborne sound insulation is a property of the finished walls.
4.11 Thermal properties
When required, the manufacturer shall supply information on the thermal properties.
The thermal conductivity shall be declared on the basis of tabulated values given in EN 1745 or determined in
accordance with EN 12664.
NOTE The thermal properties depend mainly on the thermal conductivity of the shuttering blocks, the concrete or
mortar infill, any supplementary insulation and the geometry of the shuttering blocks.
4.12 Water absorption by capillarity
When required, the maximum water absorption by capillarity shall be declared in g/m².s.
The test is carried out in accordance with EN 772-11 for a time in contact with water of (10,0 ± 0,2) min.
2
NOTE The result obtained according to EN 772-11 should be divided by 24,49 to express this value in g/m .s.
4.13 Durability
When required freeze-thaw resistance shall be declared by reference to the provisions valid in the intended
place of use until an appropriate European standard is available.
11
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
5 Test methods
5.1 Geometric properties
5.1.1 General
The geometric properties are measured on complete shuttering blocks.
The results are evaluated according to Annex D.
5.1.2 Dimensions
The length, width and height of shuttering blocks shall be measured according to method c) of EN 772-16.
The length and width of each hollow core shall be measured at the centre of the hollow core at the top and
bottom of the shuttering block. Mean values of the length and width are calculated from each pair of
measurements, rounded to the nearest millimetre, then compared with the declared dimensions.
5.1.3 Squareness
5.1.3.1 General
The squareness shall be measured on a low wall or directly on shuttering blocks.
5.1.3.2 Measurement on low wall
A low dry-stacked test-wall shall be built as specified.
The first course shall contain at least four shuttering blocks and shall be at least two metres long.
The height h of the low wall shall be at least one metre.
e
NOTE
Effective height of the low wall (he)
4
hi
∑
1
he =
4
hi = h1, h2, h3, h4
Effective verticality of the low wall (Ve)
The batter or opposite batter is measured at ends of the wall on both sides.
12
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
Figure 4 — Principle of measurement of squareness of a low wall
Squareness (pe)
pe = hi – hi
max min (1)
Key
1 Batter (Ve)
2 Perpendicularity level = 0 mm
3 Base
4 Thickness of the low wall
5 Opposite batter (Ve)
Figure 5 — Definition of batter and opposite batter
13
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
5.1.3.3 Measurement on shuttering blocks
The deviation from squareness of the side-faces and both bed faces shall be measured using a steel angle
and feeler gauges and given in millimetres.
Figure 6 — Measurement of squareness directly on shuttering blocks
5.1.4 Web recess area
2
The area of each web recess shall be determined to the nearest 10 mm , by measurement and calculation.
5.1.5 Flatness of external faces of a facing shuttering block
The deviation from flatness of the face shall be measured in accordance with Figure 7. The result shall be
expressed in millimetres.
5.1.6 Flatness of bed faces
The deviation from flatness of bed faces shall be measured in accordance with Figure 7. The result shall be
expressed in millimetres.
Key
1 Deviation
Figure 7 — Measurement of flatness of bed face
5.2 Density
The oven dry density shall be established from three cut test specimens having individual volumes of at
3
least 3 000 cm , which have been dried to constant mass at 105 °C ± 5 °C.
14
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
A specimen may be comprised of more than one cut piece of shuttering block if each piece has a minimum
3
volume of 750 cm .
Constant mass (m ) is considered to have been reached when the results of two successive weighings carried
u
out at 24 h intervals differ by not more than 0,5 % of the mass of the specimen.
The volume (V ) of each specimen or constituent piece of a specimen is measured to the nearest millimetre
u
and each specimen is weighed to the nearest gram. The gross dry density of each specimen is calculated to
3 3 3
the nearest 5 kg/m for densities up to 1 000 kg/m and, above this, to the nearest 10 kg/m . The dry density of
each specimen is calculated according to:
m
u,n 6
ρ = ×10 (2)
u,n
V
u,n
Density is established as the mean value of the density of the three test specimens and eva
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 15435:2008
01-september-2008
0RQWDåQLEHWRQVNLL]GHONL1RUPDOQLLQODKNLEHWRQVNLEORNL=QDþLOQRVWLLQ
REQDãDQMHL]GHONRY
Precast concrete products - Normal weight and lightweight concrete shuttering blocks -
Product properties and performance
Betonfertigteile - Schalungssteine aus Normal- und Leichtbeton - Produkteigenschaften
und Leistungsmerkmale
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Blocs de coffrage en béton de granulats courants et
légers - Exigences et méthode d'essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15435:2008
ICS:
91.100.30 Beton in betonski izdelki Concrete and concrete
products
SIST EN 15435:2008 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 15435:2008
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 15435
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2008
ICS 91.100.30
English Version
Precast concrete products - Normal weight and lightweight
concrete shuttering blocks - Product properties and performance
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Blocs de coffrage en Betonfertigteile - Schalungssteine aus Normal- und
béton de granulats courants et légers - Propriétés et Leichtbeton - Produkteigenschaften und
performances des produits Leistungsmerkmale
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 March 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15435:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 15435:2008
EN 15435:2008 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.4
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references.5
3 Terms, definitions and symbols.6
3.1 Terms and definitions .6
3.2 Symbols.7
4 Requirements.8
4.1 General.8
4.2 Raw materials and concrete .9
4.3 Dangerous substances.9
4.4 Geometric properties.9
4.5 Density.10
4.6 Moisture movement.10
4.7 Reaction to fire.10
4.8 Water vapour permeability.10
4.9 Mechanical strength.10
4.10 Acoustic properties.11
4.11 Thermal properties.11
4.12 Water absorption by capillarity .11
4.13 Durability.11
5 Test methods.12
5.1 Geometric properties.12
5.2 Density.14
5.3 Mechanical strength.15
6 Classification.15
7 Marking.16
8 Evaluation of conformity.16
8.1 General.16
8.2 Initial type testing .16
8.3 Factory production control.17
Annex A (normative) Determination of web tensile strength .18
A.1 Principle.18
A.2 Apparatus.18
A.3 Procedure.19
A.4 Determining the tensile strength of webs .21
A.5 Test report.23
Annex B (normative) Determination of shell flexural strength.24
B.1 Principle.24
B.2 Apparatus.24
B.3 Procedure.24
B.4 Determining the flexural strength of the shells .24
B.5 Test report.28
Annex C (normative) Sampling for initial type testing .29
C.1 General.29
C.2 Sampling procedure.29
C.3 Place and dates of inspection and acceptance testing .31
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Annex D (normative) Compliance criteria for initial type testing and for independent batch
acceptance testing .32
Annex E (informative) Example of inspection schemes .33
E.1 Equipment inspection.33
E.2 Materials inspection.34
E.3 Production process inspection.35
E.4 Product inspection.36
E.5 Switching rules.37
Annex F (informative) Filling pressure of concrete infill .38
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU
Construction Products Directive .39
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics.39
ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of concrete shuttering blocks.40
ZA.3 CE marking and labelling .42
Bibliography.44
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Foreword
This document (EN 15435:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concret
products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by January 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Construction Products Directive
(89/106/EC).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
It also takes into account the “Common rules for precast concrete products” in EN 13369.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the properties, performance and test methods of factory made, non-load
bearing hollow concrete shuttering blocks made from normal weight or lightweight aggregates or a
combination of both. Shuttering blocks may include vertical or horizontal interlocking features and factory
installed supplementary insulation. Shuttering blocks are intended to be used to form walls and partitions
when filled with concrete or mortar. Concrete shuttering blocks rely on a concrete or mortar infill for their
structural performance and are not intended to be used unfilled.
This standard does not cover masonry units covered in EN 771-3.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 772-11, Methods of test for masonry units — Part 11: Determination of water absorption of aggregate
concrete, manufactured stone and natural stone masonry units due to capillary action and the initial rate of
water absorption of clay masonry units
EN 772-14, Methods of test for masonry units - Part 14: Determination of moisture movement of aggregate
concrete and manufactured stone masonry units
EN 772-16, Methods of test for masonry units — Part 16: Determination of dimensions
EN 772-20, Methods of test for masonry units - Part 20: Determination of flatness of faces of aggregate
concrete, manufactured stone and natural stone masonry units
EN 1745, Masonry and masonry products — Methods for determining design thermal values
EN 12390-5:2000, Testing hardened concrete — Part 5: Flexural strength of test specimens
EN 12664, Thermal performance of building materials and products - Determination of thermal resistance by
means of guarded hot plate and heat flow meter methods - Dry and moist products of medium and low
thermal resistance
EN 13369, Common rules for precast concrete products
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification using
data from reaction to fire tests
EN ISO 12572, Hygrothermal performance of building materials and products — Determination of water
vapour transmission properties (ISO 12572:2001)
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3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
shuttering block
hollow block, sometimes incorporating lateral interlocking, intended as permanent formwork for concrete or
mortar infill, for laying dry or with mortar
Figure 1 — Example of a shuttering block
3.1.2
shuttering block with supplementary thermal insulation
shuttering block incorporating thermal insulation to enhance thermal resistance
Figure 2 — Examples of shuttering blocks with supplementary thermal insulation
3.1.3
design (nominal) dimension
dimension targeted in the project documentation
3.1.4
actual dimension (of the product)
dimension found by measurement (on the finished product)
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3.1.5
specially shaped shuttering block
shuttering block having a shape, such as a corner block, which allows it to fulfil a particular function
3.1.6
interlocking features (horizontal and/or vertical)
shaped matched projections and indentations on shuttering blocks (e.g. tongue and groove systems)
3.1.7
hollow core
shaped void for incorporation of concrete or mortar infill and any supplementary thermal insulation
3.1.8
shell
solid material between the hollow core and the faces of a shuttering block
3.1.9
web
solid material linking the shells of the shuttering block
3.1.10
web recess
formed notch in a web
3.2 Symbols
l length of the shuttering block in mm
t width of the shuttering block in mm
b
h
height of the shuttering block in mm
t thickness of the outer shell in mm
s1
t thickness of the inner shell in mm
s2
t (w , w , etc.) thickness of web in mm
1 2
w1
t width of the hollow core (concrete infill) in mm
c
W width of web recess
R
t thickness of the insulating material in mm
i
h Total height of the web in mm (h = h + h )
R R1 R2
R
2
A
Total area of the web recess in mm
R
l diagonal of the face
d
h recessed height of web (h = h – h – h )
w W R1 R2
a length of hollow core
1
a length of cantilevered shell
2
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Figure 3 — Geometric specification symbols
4 Requirements
4.1 General
The requirements and properties specified in this European Standard shall be defined in terms of the test
methods and other procedures referred in this European Standard.
NOTE The standard test methods are not always applicable to specially shaped shuttering blocks as defined in 3.1.5.
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4.2 Raw materials and concrete
Materials for shuttering block concrete shall comply with EN 13369. Any supplementary thermal insulation
material shall comply with an appropriate European standard.
4.3 Dangerous substances
Shuttering blocks shall not release any dangerous substances in excess of the maximum permitted levels
specified or permitted in the national regulations valid in the place of use.
4.4 Geometric properties
4.4.1 Dimensions
The dimensions of the shuttering blocks shall be declared in millimetres for length, width and height, in that
order (see Figure 3). The dimensions of voids and web recesses shall be declared in millimetres. They shall
be given in terms of work size and be shown on diagrams. Tolerances on declared work sizes of individual
regular shaped shuttering blocks shall conform to Table 1. Closer deviations may be declared by the
manufacturer for one or more dimensions.
The thickness of shell(s) and web(s) shall be declared.
Table 1 — Permissible deviations in millimetres
Dimensions
of voids and
Length Width Height
web
recesses
(l) (t) (h)
b
+5 +5 +3 +10
-5 -5 -5 -4
4.4.2 Web recess area
When web recesses are included the minimum web recess area shall be declared. The web recess area shall
be determined in accordance with 5.1.4.
4.4.3 Flatness
4.4.3.1 Flatness of external faces of facing shuttering blocks
When the surface of facing shuttering blocks is declared as plane, it shall not deviate from a plane by more
than 0,1 √l mm or 2 mm whichever is the greater, where l is the length of the diagonal of the face. The
d d
flatness of external faces of facing shuttering blocks shall be determined in accordance with 5.1.5.
4.4.3.2 Flatness of bed faces
When the shuttering blocks are dry-stacked the flatness of bed faces shall be determined in accordance with
5.1.6.The deviation from flatness shall not exceed 3 mm.
4.4.4 Squareness
When required, squareness between the side-faces and both bed faces for shuttering blocks to be dry-
stacked shall not deviate by more than 5 mm when measured in accordance with 5.1.3.2. or 3 mm when
measured in accordance with 5.1.3.3.
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4.4.5 Appearance of facing shuttering blocks
When required, the appearance of facing shuttering blocks may have compliance established on the basis of
comparison with any approved samples. Comparison shall be made from a distance of 3 m in normal daylight
conditions. This compliance shall be established before the shuttering blocks are used.
4.5 Density
3
The net dry density of the shuttering blocks shall be declared in kg/m . The mean value of the test samples
shall not differ from the declared value by more than ± 10 %. The dry density shall be determined according to
5.2.
For factory production control purposes, density may be verified by weighing individual shuttering blocks.
4.6 Moisture movement
When required, the moisture movement of the shuttering blocks (shrinkage and expansion) shall be declared.
Moisture movement shall be determined according to EN 772-14.
4.7 Reaction to fire
For concrete shuttering blocks intended to be used in elements subject to fire requirements, the manufacturer
shall declare the reaction to fire classification of the shuttering block.
Shuttering blocks containing a mass or volume fraction of a maximum of 1,0 % (whichever is the most
onerous) of homogeneously distributed organic materials, are classified as Class A1 without the need to test.
Shuttering blocks containing a mass or volume fraction more than 1,0 % (whichever is the most onerous) of
homogeneously distributed organic materials shall be classified in accordance with EN 13501-1 and the
appropriate reaction to fire class declared.
Information on reaction to fire class of supplementary insulating material shall be given on the basis of
European standards as declared by the supplier of the insulating material.
NOTE Attention is drawn to the Commission Decision 96/603/EC, as amended by Commission
Decision 2000/605/EC, in which non-combustible shuttering blocks containing not more than a mass or volume fraction of
1,0 % (whichever is the more onerous) of homogeneously distributed organic materials are classified as reaction to fire
Class A1 without testing.
4.8 Water vapour permeability
When required, the water vapour permeability shall be declared according to tabulated values in EN 1745 or
determined according to EN ISO 12572.
4.9 Mechanical strength
4.9.1 General
The mechanical strength of shuttering blocks shall be sufficient to allow handling and withstand the filling
pressure on the shells.
For factory production control purposes mechanical strength may be verified by testing compressive strength
in accordance with EN 772-1.
When relevant, the thermal insulation adhesion shall be determined according to 5.3 and declared.
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NOTE Determination of thermal insulation adhesion can be relevant for blocks where thermal insulation binds
together two block halves, see last block type in Figure 2.
4.9.2 Tensile strength of webs
The mean tensile strength shall be determined only when the web width is less than the shell width and/or the
web height is less than 80 % of the shuttering block height.
The tensile strength in N/mm² of the webs f shall be determined on the smallest section of the webs
t,fl
according to 5.3 and shall not be less than the design value f .
t,min
Shuttering blocks shall be tested according to 5.3 and Annex A, the results evaluated according to Annex D.
4.9.3 Flexural strength of shells
The mean flexural strength in N/mm² of the shell f , shall not be less than f .
f
f,m ,min
The flexural strength of the shells shall be determined on the thinnest shell according to 5.3.
Shuttering blocks shall be tested according to 5.3 and Annex B, results evaluated according to Annex D.
4.10 Acoustic properties
When required, the manufacturer shall supply information on the acoustic properties.
NOTE 1 The acoustic properties depend mainly on the density and configuration of the shuttering blocks and/or on the
mass of the finished walls.
NOTE 2 Airborne sound insulation is a property of the finished walls.
4.11 Thermal properties
When required, the manufacturer shall supply information on the thermal properties.
The thermal conductivity shall be declared on the basis of tabulated values given in EN 1745 or determined in
accordance with EN 12664.
NOTE The thermal properties depend mainly on the thermal conductivity of the shuttering blocks, the concrete or
mortar infill, any supplementary insulation and the geometry of the shuttering blocks.
4.12 Water absorption by capillarity
When required, the maximum water absorption by capillarity shall be declared in g/m².s.
The test is carried out in accordance with EN 772-11 for a time in contact with water of (10,0 ± 0,2) min.
2
NOTE The result obtained according to EN 772-11 should be divided by 24,49 to express this value in g/m .s.
4.13 Durability
When required freeze-thaw resistance shall be declared by reference to the provisions valid in the intended
place of use until an appropriate European standard is available.
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5 Test methods
5.1 Geometric properties
5.1.1 General
The geometric properties are measured on complete shuttering blocks.
The results are evaluated according to Annex D.
5.1.2 Dimensions
The length, width and height of shuttering blocks shall be measured according to method c) of EN 772-16.
The length and width of each hollow core shall be measured at the centre of the hollow core at the top and
bottom of the shuttering block. Mean values of the length and width are calculated from each pair of
measurements, rounded to the nearest millimetre, then compared with the declared dimensions.
5.1.3 Squareness
5.1.3.1 General
The squareness shall be measured on a low wall or directly on shuttering blocks.
5.1.3.2 Measurement on low wall
A low dry-stacked test-wall shall be built as specified.
The first course shall contain at least four shuttering blocks and shall be at least two metres long.
The height h of the low wall shall be at least one metre.
e
NOTE
Effective height of the low wall (he)
4
hi
∑
1
he =
4
hi = h1, h2, h3, h4
Effective verticality of the low wall (Ve)
The batter or opposite batter is measured at ends of the wall on both sides.
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Figure 4 — Principle of measurement of squareness of a low wall
Squareness (pe)
pe = hi – hi
max min (1)
Key
1 Batter (Ve)
2 Perpendicularity level = 0 mm
3 Base
4 Thickness of the low wall
5 Opposite batter (Ve)
Figure 5 — Definition of batter and opposite batter
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5.1.3.3 Measurement on shuttering blocks
The deviation from squareness of the side-faces and both bed faces shall be measured using a steel angle
and feeler gauges and given in millimetres.
Figure 6 — Measurement of squareness directly on shuttering blocks
5.1.4 Web recess area
2
The area of each web recess shall be determined to the nearest 10 mm , by measurement and calculation.
5.1.5 Flatness of external faces of a facing shuttering block
The deviation from flatness of the face shall be measured in accordance with Figure 7. The result shall be
expressed in millimetres.
5.1.6 Flatness of bed faces
The deviation from flatness of bed faces shall be measured in accordance with Figure 7. The result shall be
expressed in millimetres.
Key
1 Deviation
Figure 7 — Measurement of flatness of bed face
5.2 Density
The oven dry density shall be established from three cut test specimens having individual volumes of at
3
least 3 000 cm , which have been dried to constant mass at 105 °C ± 5 °C.
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A specimen may be comprised of more than one cut piece of shuttering block if each piece has a minimum
3
volume of 750 cm .
Constant mass (m ) is considered to have been reached when the results of two successive weighings carried
u
out at 24 h intervals differ by not more than 0,5 % of the mass of the specimen.
The volume (V ) of each specimen or constituent piece of a specimen is measured to the nearest millimetre
u
and each specimen is weighed to the nearest gram. The gross dry density of each specimen is calculated to
3 3 3
the nearest 5 kg/m for densities up to 1 000 kg/m and, above this, to the nearest 10 kg/m . The dry density of
each specimen is calculated according to:
m
u,n 6
ρ = ×10 (2)
u,n
V
u,n
Density is established as the mean value of the density of th
...
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