Ventilation for buildings - Air terminal devices - Aerodynamic testing of damper and valves

EN 1751 specifies methods for the testing and rating of dampers and valves used in air distribution systems with pressure differences up to 2000 Pa. The tests incorporated in this European Standard are: a) leakage past a closed damper or valve (for classification see annex C); b) casing leakage (for classification see annex C); c) flow rate/pressure requirement characteristics; d) torque: (see annex A); e) thermal transmittance: (see annex B). The acoustic testing of dampers and valves is not included in this standard. The tests specified above apply to the following: a) measurement of leakage past a closed damper or valve; b) measurement of casing leakage; c) determination of flow rate and pressure requirements; d) measurement of torque characteristics (see annex A); e) measurement of thermal transfer characteristics to determine insulation properties (see annex B).

Lüftung von Gebäuden - Komponenten des Luftverteilersystems - Aerodynamische Prüfung von Drossel- und Absperrelementen

Diese Europäische Norm legt Verfahren zur Prüfung und Bewertung von Drossel- und Absperrelementen fest, die in Luftverteilungssystemen mit Differenzdrücken bis zu 2 000 Pa verwendet werden. Die vorliegende Europäische Norm umfasst die folgenden Prüfungen:
a) Leckage bei einem geschlossenen Drossel- bzw. Absperrelement (Klassifizierung siehe Anhang C);
b) Gehäuseleckage (Klassifizierung siehe Anhang C);
c) Typische Anforderungen an Volumenstrom/Druck;
d) Drehmoment (siehe Anhang A);
e) Wärmedurchgangs (siehe Anhang B).
Die akustische Prüfung von Drossel- und Absperrelementen ist nicht in dieser Norm enthalten. Die vorstehend festgelegten Prüfungen gelten für Folgendes:
a) Messung der Leckage bei einem geschlossenen Drossel- bzw. Absperrelement;
b) Messung der Gehäuseleckage;
c) Bestimmung der Anforderungen an Volumenstrom und Druck;
d) Messung des Drehmomentverlaufs (siehe Anhang A);
e) Messung der Wärmeübertragung zur Bestimmung der Wärmedämmungseigenschaften (siehe Anhang B).
ANMERKUNG Bestimmte Aspekte der dynamischen Leistung von Drossel- bzw. Absperrelementen sind abhängig von dem Luftverteilungssystem, in das sie eingebunden sind, weshalb es schwierig ist, sie getrennt zu messen. Solche Erwägungen haben dazu geführt, dass diese Aspekte der Messung der dynamischen Leistung nicht in die vorliegende Europäische Norm aufgenommen wurden. Wie auch bei anderen Luftverteilungskomponenten sind die Ergebnisse von Prüfungen nach dieser Europäischen Norm möglicherweise nicht direkt anwendbar, wenn das Drossel- bzw. Absperrelement in einem Bereich ungleichmäßiger Strömung angeordnet ist.

Ventilation des batiments - Bouches d'air - Essais aérodynamiques des registres et clapets

La présente norme européenne spécifie les méthodes d'essai et la classification des registres et des clapets utilisés dans les systèmes de distribution d'air avec des différences de pressions jusqu'à 2 000 Pa.
Les essais faisant partie de la présente norme européenne sont :
a)   fuite à travers un registre ou un clapet fermé (pour la classification voir Annexe C) ;
b)   étanchéité de l'enveloppe (pour la classification voir Annexe C) ;
c)   caractéristiques des prescriptions débit/pression ;
d)   couple (voir Annexe A) ;
e)   transfert thermique (voir Annexe B).
Les essais acoustiques des registres et des clapets ne font pas partie de la présente norme.
Les essais cités ci-dessus s'appliquent pour :
a)   la mesure d'une fuite à travers un registre ou un clapet fermé ;
b)   la mesure de l'étanchéité de l'enveloppe ;
c)   la détermination des prescriptions de débit et de pression ;
d)   la mesure des caractéristiques de couple (voir Annexe A) ;
e)   la mesure des caractéristiques de transmittance thermique afin de déterminer les propriétés d'isolation (voir Annexe B).
NOTE   Certains aspects des performances dynamiques des registres ou clapets sont dépendants du système de distribution d'air auquel ils sont raccordés et sont, par conséquent, difficiles à mesurer isolément. De telles considérations ont amené à omettre de la présente norme européenne ces aspects de mesure de performance dynamique. De plus, comme pour d'autres composants de distribution d'air, les résultats d'essai effectués conformément à la présente Norme européenne peuvent ne pas être directement applicables si le registre ou le clapet est placé dans une zone d'écoulement non uniforme.

Prezračevanje stavb - Naprave za dovod in odvod zraka - Aerodinamično preskušanje dušilnikov in loput

Standard EN 1751 določa metode za preskušanje in ocenjevanje dušilnikov in loput, ki se uporabljajo v sistemih za dovod zraka z razlikami v tlaku do 2000 Pa. Preskusi, vključeni v ta evropski standard, so: a) puščanje skozi zaprt dušilnik ali loputo (glej Dodatek C za klasifikacijo); b) puščanje ohišja (glej Dodatek C za klasifikacijo); c) stopnja pretoka/zahteve glede tlaka; d) navor: (glej Dodatek A); e) toplotna prehodnost: (glej dodatek B). Akustični preizkusi dušilnikov in loput niso zajeti v tem standardu. Zgoraj navedeni preizkusi veljajo za naslednje: a) merjenje puščanja skozi zaprt dušilnik ali loputo; b) merjenje puščanja ohišja; c) določevanje stopnje pretoka in zahtev glede tlaka; d) merjenje navora (glej Dodatek A); e) merjenje toplotne prehodnosti za določevanje izolacijskih lastnosti (glej Dodatek B).

General Information

Status
Published
Public Enquiry End Date
29-Apr-2011
Publication Date
08-Jun-2014
Technical Committee
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
29-May-2014
Due Date
03-Aug-2014
Completion Date
09-Jun-2014

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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.LþQRLüftung von Gebäuden - Komponenten des Luftverteilersystems - Aerodynamische Prüfung von Drossel- und AbsperrelementenVentilation des batiments - Bouches d'air - Essais aérodynamiques des registres et clapetsVentilation for buildings - Air terminal devices - Aerodynamic testing of damper and valves91.140.30VLVWHPLVentilation and air-conditioningICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1751:2014SIST EN 1751:2014en,fr,de01-julij-2014SIST EN 1751:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1751:19991DGRPHãþD



SIST EN 1751:2014



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1751
January 2014 ICS 91.140.30 Supersedes EN 1751:1998English Version
Ventilation for buildings - Air terminal devices - Aerodynamic testing of damper and valves
Ventilation des bâtiments - Bouches d'air - Essais aérodynamiques des registres et clapets
Lüftung von Gebäuden - Geräte des Luftverteilungssystems - Aerodynamische Prüfungen von Drossel- und Absperrelementen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 November 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1751:2014 ESIST EN 1751:2014



EN 1751:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page
Foreword .3 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and suffixes .5 3.1 Terms and definitions .5 3.2 Symbols .5 3.3 Suffixes .6 4 Instrumentation .6 4.1 Air flow rate measurement .6 4.2 Pressure measurement .7 4.3 Temperature measurement .7 5 Leakage tests .7 5.1 General .7 5.2 Damper and valve leakage .7 5.3 Casing leakage .8 6 Flow rate and pressure tests .8 6.1 Ducted method .8 6.2 Chamber method . 10 6.2.1 General . 10 6.2.2 Size relationship . 10 6.2.3 Tests . 10 6.3 Test report . 10 Annex A (informative)
Mechanical testing of dampers and valves . 17 A.1 Scope . 17 A.2 Instrumentation: Torque measurement . 17 A.3 Pressure test to determine limiting value for structural stability . 17 A.4 Torque tests to determine the torque required to operate the damper or valve and the limiting value to avoid structural damage . 18 Annex B (informative)
Thermal transmittance through dampers and valves . 20 B.1 Introduction . 20 B.2 Scope . 20 B.3 Thermal loss test using a substitution method . 20 Annex C (normative)
Classification of a damper or valve leakage . 23 C.1 Scope . 23 C.2 Leakage through closed blade(s). 23 C.3 Casing leakage . 23 Annex D (informative)
Effect of Duct Configuration on Pressure Loss Coefficient . 26 D.1 General . 26 D.2 Application of correction factor . 28 Bibliography . 29
SIST EN 1751:2014



EN 1751:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1751:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1751:1998. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 1751:2014



EN 1751:2014 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies methods for the testing and rating of dampers and valves used in air distribution systems with pressure differences up to 2 000 Pa. The tests incorporated in this European Standard are: a) leakage past a closed damper or valve (for classification see Annex C); b) casing leakage (for classification see Annex C); c) flow rate/pressure requirement characteristics; d) torque: (see Annex A); e) thermal transmittance: (see Annex B). The acoustic testing of dampers and valves is not included in this European Standard. The tests specified above apply to the following: f) measurement of leakage past a closed damper or valve; g) measurement of casing leakage; h) determination of flow rate and pressure requirements; i) measurement of torque characteristics (see Annex A); j) measurement of thermal transfer characteristics to determine insulation properties (see Annex B). NOTE Certain aspects of the dynamic performance of dampers or valves are dependent upon the air distribution system to which they are connected and are, therefore, difficult to measure in isolation. Such considerations have led to the omission of these aspects of the dynamic performance measurements from this European Standard. Also, in common with other air distribution components, the results from tests carried out in accordance with this European Standard may not be directly applicable if the damper or valve is situated in an area of non-uniform flow. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12792, Ventilation for buildings - Symbols, terminology and graphical symbols EN ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full - Part 1: General principles and requirements (ISO 5167-1) EN ISO 5167-2, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full - Part 2: Orifice plates (ISO 5167-2) EN ISO 5167-3, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full - Part 3: Nozzles and Venturi nozzles (ISO 5167-3) SIST EN 1751:2014



EN 1751:2014 (E) 5 EN ISO 5167-4, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full - Part 4: Venturi tubes (ISO 5167-4) 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and suffixes 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12792 apply. 3.2 Symbols The symbols used in this document are given in Table 1. Table 1 — Symbols Symbol Quantity Unit A Internal cross-sectional area of duct m2 CD Coefficient of discharge - De Equivalent hydraulic diameter Circular ducts: πA4 Square/Rectangular ducts: baab+2 m p Absolute pressure Pa pa Atmospheric pressure Pa pd Velocity pressure 1/2 2 Pa pt Stagnation or absolute total pressure Pa ps Static gauge pressure (p - pa) Pa ûps Pressure difference across the damper or valve under test Pa ûp Flow meter differential pressure Pa ûpt Conventional total pressure difference for an air density of 1,2 kg„m−3 at the inlet to the damper or valve under test Pa qv Volume rate of air flow at the flow meter l„s−1 qvL Leakage volume rate of air flow l„s−1 qvLBA Closed blade air leakage factor, volume rate of air flow per unit duct cross sectional area l„s−1„m−2 qvLCA Case air leakage factor, volume rate of air flow per reference casing area (which is taken as perimeter of damper multiplied by an equivalent length of 1 m) l„s−1„m−2 v Velocity m„s−1 SIST EN 1751:2014



EN 1751:2014 (E) 6 Symbol Quantity Unit s Position of damper setting %, . or m T Torque N„m U Thermal transmittance coefficient W„K−1„m−2 q Temperature °C
Air density kg„m-3
Pressure loss coefficient - 3.3 Suffixes The following suffixes shall be used with the symbols given in Table 1. 1 is the inlet of the damper or valve under test; 2 is the outlet of the damper or valve under test; u is the measuring point upstream of the flow meter; n is the value at a selected point of the flow rate/static pressure curve. 4 Instrumentation 4.1 Air flow rate measurement 4.1.1 The air flow rate shall be measured using instruments in accordance with EN ISO 5167-1, EN ISO 5167-2, EN ISO 5167-3 and EN ISO 5167-4, or other instruments which have equivalent calibrated performance. 4.1.2 Air flow meters shall have a minimum calibration accuracy of ± 2,5 % over the whole range. NOTE If necessary, flow meters can be calibrated in situ by means of the Pitot static tube traverse technique described in ISO 3966. 4.1.3 Flow meters shall be checked at intervals as appropriate but not exceeding 12 months. This check can take the form of one of the following: a) a dimensional check for all flow meters not requiring calibration; b) a calibration over their full range using the original method employed for the initial calibration of meters calibrated in situ; c) a check against a flow meter which meets flow meter specifications according to EN ISO 5167-1, EN ISO 5167-2, EN ISO 5167-3 or EN ISO 5167-4 as appropriate. 4.1.4 Leakage air flow meters shall have a minimum indicated accuracy according to the ranges in Table 2. Table 2 — Accuracy of leakage air flow meters Range l„s−1 Accuracy of measurement Up to and including 0,018 ± 0,000 9 l„s−1 More than 0,018 ± 5 % SIST EN 1751:2014



EN 1751:2014 (E) 7 NOTE Alternatively, other devices such as variable area, flow-rate meters or integrating air flow meters of the positive displacement type can be used if calibrated in accordance with 4.1.3 c). 4.2 Pressure measurement 4.2.1 Pressure in the duct shall be measured by means of a liquid filled, calibrated manometer or any other device conforming to 4.2.2. 4.2.2 The resolution shall not be greater than the characteristics listed for the accompanying range of manometers, given in Table 3. Table 3 — Resolution for the ranges of manometers Range Pa Resolution Pa Up to and including 50 From 50 to 250 From 250 to 500 Above 500 0,1 1 5,0 25,0 4.2.3 The measured value of differential pressure should be greater than 10 % of the range of the measurement device used. EXAMPLE With a micromanometer with a range from 0 to 1 000 Pa the minimum differential pressure to be measured is 100 Pa. 4.2.4 The uncertainty of calibration standards shall be: a) for instruments with a measuring range up to 100 Pa, equal or better than ± 0,5 Pa; b) for instruments with a measuring range over 100 Pa, equal or better than ± 0,5 % of reading. 4.3 Temperature measurement Measurement of temperature shall be, for example, by means of mercury-in-glass thermometers, resistance thermometers or thermo-couples. Instruments shall have a resolution better than 0,5 K and be calibrated to an accuracy of ± 0,25 K. 5 Leakage tests 5.1 General Damper leakage performance could vary depending on whether the damper is subjected to positive or negative pressure. The manufacturer shall specify the pressure conditions for test. 5.2 Damper and valve leakage 5.2.1 Measurement of damper and/or valve leakage in the shut-off position shall be made under conditions of actual operation with the damper or valve closing against the maximum recommended static pressure conditions. Since small flow rates exist during the closed damper or valve condition, the method used to measure these small flow rates will introduce a high pressure loss when the damper or valve is open. This precludes a high pressure difference in the inlet duct until the damper or valve approaches the closed position. SIST EN 1751:2014



EN 1751:2014 (E) 8 As the valve is closed and the flow rate decreases, the inlet static pressure difference will increase to approximately the recommended inlet pressure. 5.2.2 The damper or valve shall be cycled 10 times between the fully open and fully closed positions of the actuator at the start of each test (before starting the fan of the air supply system) concluding with the damper or valve in the fully closed position. NOTE In all cases in the closed position, the damper drive is subject to a torque rating recommended by the manufacturer. 5.2.3 The damper or valve under test shall be connected to a test installation similar to that shown in Figure 1a) or Figure 1b)). A suitable air supply shall be connected to the duct. In both cases, care shall be taken to ensure that duct joints are sealed to manufacturer’s instructions. 5.2.4 The supply air pressure shall be increased to the maximum recommended inlet pressure difference in accordance with the appropriate classification from Figure C.1 and Figure C.2. The damper or valve is then modulated to the open position, without any additional adjustment of the supply air system flow rate, and then returned to the closed position either manually or by the means provided by the manufacturer. The supply air pressure shall be adjusted, as the damper or valve nears closure, to maintain the recommended inlet static gauge pressure difference within ± 5 %. The above process is to ensure that the closed condition is as representative as possible of typical operation with airflow present. NOTE The air flow measuring device for leakage measurement may have to be disconnected in the above process to avoid any potential damage to a device for measuring low air rates. 5.2.5 Report the damper or valve air leakage factor as a function of test pressure difference in the closed position. Also include classification (see Annex C). 5.3 Casing leakage 5.3.1 The test installation shall be similar to that shown in Figure 2 a)) or Figure 2 b)). The damper or valve casing outlet shall be sealed according to the instructions of the manufacturer. The damper or valve shall be set to the open position. 5.3.2 The test of the casing shall be carried out by subjecting the casing to its maximum recommended pressure in accordance with 5.2.4. The pressure shall be maintained for 60 s before the measurement of leakage commences. 5.3.3 Report the test results as casing air leakage factor as a function of test pressure. Also include classification (see Annex C). 6 Flow rate and pressure tests 6.1 Ducted method 6.1.1 This method applies for dampers or valves mounted within a duct. 6.1.2 The damper or valve under test shall be mounted in a system comprising a fan, a means of controlling air flow rate, a flow rate measuring system and test ducts (see Figure 3). 6.1.3 The test ducts shall have cross-sectional dimensions equal to the nominal size of the unit under test or to the manufacturer's instructions. The upstream test duct shall be straight for a minimum length of 5De1. The downstream test duct shall be straight for a minimum length of 5De2 or 2 m, whichever is the greatest. SIST EN 1751:2014



EN 1751:2014 (E) 9 6.1.4 Flow straighteners shall be fitted in the upstream test duct at a position 3De1 from the connection to the damper or valve under test or, alternatively a straight duct shall be used without a flow straightener. 6.1.5 T
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1751:2011
01-april-2011
3UH]UDþHYDQMHVWDYE1DSUDYH]DUD]YRG]UDND$HURGLQDPLþQRSUHVNXãDQMH
GXãLOQLNRYLQORSXW
Ventilation for buildings - Air terminal devices - Aerodynamic testing of damper and
valves
Lüftung von Gebäuden - Komponenten des Luftverteilersystems - Aerodynamische
Prüfung von Drossel- und Absperrelementen
Ventilation des batiments - Bouches d'air - Essais aérodynamiques des registres et
clapets
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1751
ICS:
91.140.30 3UH]UDþHYDOQLLQNOLPDWVNL Ventilation and air-
VLVWHPL conditioning
oSIST prEN 1751:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1751:2011

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 1751:2011


EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 1751
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

February 2011
ICS 91.140.30 Will supersede EN 1751:1998
English Version
Ventilation for buildings - Air terminal devices - Aerodynamic
testing of damper and valves
Ventilation des batiments - Bouches d'air - Essais Lüftung von Gebäuden - Komponenten des
aérodynamiques des registres et clapets Luftverteilersystems - Aerodynamische Prüfung von
Drossel- und Absperrelementen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 156.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1751:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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oSIST prEN 1751:2011
prEN 1751:2011 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 3
1 Scope . 3
2 Normative references . 4
3 Definitions and symbols . 4
4 Instrumentation . 6
5 Leakage tests . 7
6 Flow rate and pressure tests . 9
Annex A (normative) Mechanical testing of dampers and valves . 20
Annex B (informative) Thermal transmittance through dampers and valves . 24
Annex C (normative) Classification of a damper or valve leakage . 28
Annex D (informative) . 31

2

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oSIST prEN 1751:2011
prEN 1751:2011 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 1751:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for
buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1751:1998.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies methods for the testing and rating of dampers and valves used in air
distribution systems with pressure differences up to 2000 Pa.
The tests incorporated in this European Standard are:
a) leakage past a closed damper or valve (for classification see annex C);
b) casing leakage (for classification see annex C);
c) flow rate/pressure requirement characteristics;
d) torque: (see annex A);
e) thermal transmittance: (see annex B).
The acoustic testing of dampers and valves is not included in this standard.
The tests specified above apply to the following:

a) measurement of leakage past a closed damper or valve;
b) measurement of casing leakage;
c) determination of flow rate and pressure requirements;
d) measurement of torque characteristics (see annex A);
e) measurement of thermal transfer characteristics to determine insulation properties (see annex B).
NOTE: Certain aspects of the dynamic performance of dampers or valves are dependent upon the air
distribution system to which they are connected and are, therefore, difficult to measure in isolation. Such
considerations have led to the omission of these aspects of the dynamic performance measurements from
this European Standard. Also, in common with other air distribution components, the results from tests
carried out in accordance with this European Standard may not be directly applicable if the damper or
valve is situated in an area of non-uniform flow.

3

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oSIST prEN 1751:2011
prEN 1751:2011 (E)
2 Normative references

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references the subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply
to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
CR 12792 Ventilation for buildings - Symbols and terminology
ISO 5221 Air distribution and air diffusion - Rules to methods of measuring air flow rate in an air
handling duct
ISO 7244 Air distribution and air diffusion - Aerodynamic testing of dampers and valves
ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices. Part 1: Orifice plates,
nozzles and Venturi tubes inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full.
ISO 5167-2  Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular
cross-section conduits running full-Part 2: Oriface plates
ISO 5167-3  Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular
cross-section conduits running full-Part 3: Nozzles and Venturi nozzles
ISO 5167-4  Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular
cross-section conduits running full-Part 4: Venturi tubes
ISO 5221, Air distribution and air diffusion. Rules to methods of measuring air flow rate in an air-
handling duct.

3 Definitions and symbols
For the purposes of this standard, the definitions given in CR 12792 apply.
3.1 Symbols
The symbols used in this standard are given in table 1.
4

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oSIST prEN 1751:2011
prEN 1751:2011 (E)
Table 1: Symbols
Symbol Quantity Unit
2
A Internal cross-sectional area of duct m
C Coefficient of discharge -
D
Equivalent diameter
D 4 A
m
e
Circular ducts:
π
2ab
Square/Rectangular ducts:
a+ b

p
Absolute pressure Pa
pa Atmospheric pressure Pa
2
p Pa
Velocity pressure ½ ρ v
d
p Stagnation or absolute total pressure Pa
t
p Static gauge pressure (p - p ) Pa
s a
∆p Pressure differential across the damper or Pa
s
valve under test
∆p Flow meter pressure difference Pa
∆p Conventional total pressure differential for an Pa
t
-3
air density of 1,2 kg⋅m at the inlet to the
damper or valve under test
-1 -2
q Volume rate or air flow at the flow meter
v l⋅s ⋅m
-1 -2
q Leakage volume rate of air flow
l⋅s ⋅m
vL
-1 -2
q Closed blade leakage volume rate of air flow
l⋅s ⋅m
vLBA
per unit duct cross sectional area
-1 -2
q Case leakage volume rate of air flow per unit
l⋅s ⋅m
vLCA
duct cross sectional area
-1
v Velocity
m⋅s
s Position of damper setting
%, α or m
T
Torque N⋅m
-1 -2
U Thermal transmittance coefficient
W⋅K ⋅m
q Temperature °C
-3
Air density
ρ kg⋅m
ξ Loss coefficient -

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oSIST prEN 1751:2011
prEN 1751:2011 (E)

3.2 Suffixes
The following suffixes shall be used with the symbols given in table 1.
1 is the inlet of the damper or valve under test
2 is the outlet of the damper or valve under test
u is the measuring point upstream of the flow meter
n is the value at a selected point of the flow rate/static pressure curve
4 Instrumentation
4.1 Air flow rate measurement
4.1.1 The air flow rate shall be measured using instruments in accordance with ISO 5167-1to4, ISO
5221 or other instruments which will have equivalent calibrated performance.
4.1.2 Air flow meters shall have a minimum calibration accuracy of ± 2,5 % over the whole range.
NOTE: If necessary, flow meters can be calibrated in situ by means of the Pitot static tube traverse
technique described in ISO 3966.
4.1.3 Flow meters shall be checked at intervals as appropriate but not exceeding 12 months. This check
can take the form of one of the following:
a) a dimensional check for all flow meters not requiring calibration;
b) a calibration over their full range using the original method employed for the initial calibration of meters
calibrated in situ;
c) a check against a flow meter which meets flow meter specifications according to ISO 5221.and ISO
5167-1-2-3-4 as appropriate
4.1.4 Leakage air flow meters shall have a minimum indicated accuracy according to the ranges in
table 2.

Table 2: Accuracy of leakage air flow meters

-1 -2
Accuracy of calibration
Range l⋅s ⋅m
-1 -2
Up to and including 0,018
± 0,0009 l⋅s ⋅m
More than 0,018
± 5 %

NOTE: Alternatively, other devices such as variable area, flow-rate meters or integrating air flow meters of
the positive displacement type can be used if calibrated in accordance with 4.1.3 c).

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oSIST prEN 1751:2011
prEN 1751:2011 (E)

4.2 Pressure measurement
4.2.1 Pressure in the duct shall be measured by means of a liquid filled, calibrated manometer or any
other device conforming to 4.2.2
4.2.2 The resolution shall not be greater than the characteristics listed for the accompanying range of
manometers, given in Table 3.
Table 3: Resolution for the ranges of manometers
Range Resolution
Pa Pa
Up to and including 50 0,1
From 50 to 250 1
From 250 to 500 5,0
Above 500 25,0

4.2.3 The measured value of differential pressure should be greater than 10% of the range of the
measurement device used.
Note: Example : with a micromanometer in the range 0…1000 Pa the minimum differential pressure to be
measured is 100 Pa.
4.2.4 The uncertainty of calibration standards shall be:
a) for instruments with the range up to 100 Pa, equal or better than ± 0,5 Pa
for instruments with the range over 100 Pa, equal or better than ± 0,5% of reading

4.3 Temperature measurement
Measurement of temperature shall be, for example, by means of mercury-in-glass thermometers,
resistance thermometers or thermo-couples. Instruments shall have a resolution better than 0,5 K and be
calibrated to an accuracy of ± 0,25 K.
5 Leakage tests
5.1 General
Damper leakage performance could vary depending on whether the damper is subjected to positive or
negative pressure. The manufacturer shall specify the pressure conditions for test.
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oSIST prEN 1751:2011
prEN 1751:2011 (E)

5.2 Damper and valve leakage
5.2.1 Measurement of damper and/or valve leakage in the shut-off position shall be made under
conditions of actual operation with the damper or valve closing against the maximum recommended static
pressure conditions. Since small flow rates exist during the closed damper or valve condition, the method
used to measure these small flow rates will introduce a high pressure loss when the damper or valve is
open. This precludes a high pressure difference in the inlet duct until the damper or valve approaches the
closed position. As the valve is closed and the flow rate decreases, the inlet static pressure difference will
increase to approximately the recommended inlet pressure.
5.2.2 The damper or valve shall be cycled 10 times between the fully open and fully closed positions of
the actuator at the start of each test (before starting the fan of the air supply system) concluding with the
damper or valve in the fully closed position.
NOTE: In all cases in the closed position, the damper drive is subject to a torque rating
recommended by the manufacturer.

5.2.3 The damper or valve under test shall be connected to a test installation similar to that shown in
figure 1a) or figure 1b). A suitable air supply shall be connected to the duct.
5.2.4 The supply air pressure shall be increased to the maximum recommended inlet pressure difference
in accordance with the appropriate classification from figure C.1 and figure C.2. The damper or valve is
then modulated to the open position, without any additional adjustment of the supply air system flow rate,
and then returned to the closed position either manually or by the means provided by the manufacturer.
The supply air pressure shall be adjusted, as the damper or valve nears closure, to maintain the
recommended inlet static gauge pressure difference within ± 5%.
5.2.5 Report the damper or valve leakage volume rate of air flow as a function of test pressure difference
in the closed position. Also include classification, see annex C.

5.3 Casing leakage
5.3.1 The test installation shall be similar to that shown in figure 2 a) or figure 2 b). The damper or valve
casing outlet shall be sealed and the damper or valve shall be set to the open position.

5.3.2 The test of the casing shall be carried out by subjecting the casing to its maximum recommended
pressure in accordance with 5.2.4. The pressure shall be maintained for 60s before the measurement of
leakage commences.
5.3.3 Report the test results as casing leakage volume flow rate of air flow as a function of test pressure.
Also include classification, see annex C.
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oSIST prEN 1751:2011
prEN 1751:2011 (E)

6 Flow rate and pressure tests
6.1 Ducted Method
This method apply for dampers or valves mounted within a duct.
6.1.1 The damper or valve under test shall be mounted in a system comprising a fan, a means of
controlling air flow rate, a flow rate measuring system and test ducts (see figure 3).
6.1.2 The test ducts shall have cross-sectional dimensions equal to the nominal size of the unit under test
or to the manufacturer's instructions. The upstream test duct shall be straight for a minimum length of 5D .
e1
The downstream test duct shall be straight for a minimum length of 5D or 2 m, whichever is the greatest.
e2
6.1.3 Flow straighteners shall be fitted in the upstream test duct at a position 3D from the connection to
e1
the damper or valve under test or, alternatively a straight duct shall be used without a flow straightener if in
accordance with ISO 5221.
6.1.4 The velocity profile near the upstream connection to the damper or valve under test shall be
uniform to 10 % of the mean value over the test duct cross section, excluding the area within 15 mm of the
duct walls. Carry out a velocity survey at 10 equally spaced intervals along a pair of mutually perpendicular
axes to confirm that the velocity profile is within these limits. Wire mesh screens located no closer than
2,5D to the upstream connection to the damper or valve under test can, if necessary, be incorporated to
e1
achieve a suitably uniform velocity profile.
6.1.5 The upstream duct static gauge pressure (p ) shall be measured by means of four static pressure
s1
tappings 1,5D from the upstream connection to the damper or valve under test. For a rectangular duct,
e1
these pressure taps shall be at the centre of each side and, for a circular duct, equally spaced around the
circumference. Connect the pressure taps to form a piezometric ring. Alternatively, use a single Pitot static
probe.
6.1.6 The air temperature shall be measured at the flow meter and at a position 2,5D upstream of the
e1
damper or valve under test, and, during the test the temperature variation at the same station shall not be
greater than 3K.
6.1.7 The damper or valve shall be set in its fully open position and tests shall be carried out as follows:
6.1.7.1 Use a minimum of five air flow rates distributed evenly throughout the total flow range, and
choose the lowest air flow rate so that the test duct static pressure is not less than 10 Pa.
6.1.7.2 Remove the damper or valve from the test installation and connect the upstream test duct
directly to the downstream test duct. Repeat the procedure in 6.7.1 at five air flow rates covering the same
flow rate range used in 6.7.1.
6.1.8 If required, repeat the procedure described in 6.7.1 with the damper or valve other than in the open
position.
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oSIST prEN 1751:2011
prEN 1751:2011 (E)

6.1.9 Record the data given in table 4.

Table 4: Flow rate and pressure test data

Symbol Quantity Unit Uncertainty of
measurement
p Inlet duct static gauge pressure Pa 3%
s1(a)
with the damper or valve
installed
p Inlet duct static gauge pressure Pa 3%
s1(b)
with the damper or valve
removed
Pa
Atmospheric pressure Pa 1%
θ Air temperature at inlet to the 3 %
1 °C
damper or valve under test
1)
∆p Flow meter pressure difference Pa 3 %
p Static gauge pressure Pa 3 %
su
immediately upstream of the
flow meter
θ Air temperature immediately 3 %
u °C
upstream of the flow meter
S Position of damper setting 2°
%, α or m
1)
Or the appropriate parameter which relates to q .
v


6.2 Chamber method
This method applies for dampers and valves with free inlet and discharge
6.2.1 Size Relationship.
The size relationship of test setup apparatus for determination of flow rate and static pressure differential of
the device shall be limited to the following:
• The chamber cross-sectional area shall be at least 7 times the internal cross sectional area of duct (A)
of the device being tested;
• Other dimensions shall respect in
...

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