oSIST prEN ISO 6529:2011
(Main)Protective clothing -- Protection against chemicals -- Determination of resistance of protective clothing materials to permeation by liquids and gases
Protective clothing -- Protection against chemicals -- Determination of resistance of protective clothing materials to permeation by liquids and gases
2011-05-02 EMA: draft for // Enquiry received in ISO/CS (see e-mail of 2011-04-28 in dataservice).
Schutzkleidung - Schutz gegen Chemikalien - Bestimmung des Widerstands von Schutzkleidungsmaterialien gegen die Permeation von Flüssigkeiten und Gasen
Diese Internationale Norm beschreibt Laborprüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Widerstands von Schutz-kleidungsmaterialien gegen die Permeation von flüssigen oder gasförmigen Chemikalien unter Bedingungen mit kontinuierlichem oder diskontinuierlichem Kontakt.
Verfahren A ist anwendbar bei der Prüfung von flüssigen Chemikalien, die entweder flüchtig oder in Wasser löslich sind, wenn ein kontinuierlicher Kontakt des chemischen Stoffes mit dem Schutzkleidungsmaterial zu erwarten ist.
Verfahren B ist anwendbar bei der Prüfung von gasförmigen Chemikalien, wenn ein kontinuierlicher Kontakt des chemischen Stoffes mit dem Schutzkleidungsmaterial zu erwarten ist.
Verfahren C ist anwendbar bei der Prüfung von flüssigen Chemikalien, die entweder flüchtig oder in Wasser löslich sind, wenn ein diskontinuierlicher Kontakt des chemischen Stoffes mit dem Schutzkleidungsmaterial zu erwarten ist.
Diese Prüfverfahren sind nur für die Prüfung luftundurchlässiger Schutzkleidungsmaterialien geeignet (siehe ANMERKUNG 1). Sie beurteilen den Permeationswiderstand des Schutzkleidungsmaterials unter Labor-bedingungen in Bezug auf Durchbruchszeit, Permeationsrate und kumulative Permeation. Diese Prüfverfahren ermöglichen auch das Beobachten der Auswirkungen der Prüfflüssigkeit auf das zu prüfende Schutzkleidungsmaterial.
ANMERKUNG 1 In vielen Fällen kann der Hersteller des Schutzkleidungsmaterials Auskunft darüber geben, ob das von ihm hergestellte Produkt luftundurchlässig ist. Wenn diese Information nicht verfügbar ist, darf zur Bewertung der Luftundurchlässigkeit das in Anhang E beschriebene Verfahren angewendet werden.
Diese Prüfverfahren sind nur für die Messung der Permeation von Flüssigkeiten und Gasen geeignet. Die Permeation von festen Prüfchemikalien fällt nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm.
ANMERKUNG 2 Die Ergebnisse von Prüfungen der Permeation fester Prüfchemikalien können nur unter Schwierig-keiten oder gar nicht normalisiert werden. Die normalisierte Permeationsrate ist von der Fläche des Gewebes abhängig, das der Prüfchemikalie ausgesetzt wurde. Für Feststoffe ist diese Fläche wiederum abhängig z. B. von der Teilchengröße, der Größenverteilung, der Teilchenform und den Packungsverhältnissen (der Verdichtung).
Die hier beschriebenen Prüfverfahren beziehen sich lediglich auf die Gebrauchstauglichkeit der Materialien oder von bestimmten konstruktiven, in der Schutzkleidung angewendeten Merkmalen der Materialien (z. B. Nähten). Diese Prüfverfahren betreffen nicht die Gestaltung, den Gesamtaufbau und die Einzelteile oder die Nahtstellen der Bekleidungsartikel oder andere Faktoren, die Einfluss auf den gesamten Schutz haben können, den die Schutzkleidung bietet.
Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass diese Prüfungen nicht notwendigerweise die Bedingungen wiedergeben, denen die Bekleidungsmaterialien im praktischen Gebrauch tatsächlich ausgesetzt sind. In den meisten Fällen sind die Prüfbedingungen strenger als die Bedingungen, die am Arbeitsplatz zu erwarten sind. Die Prüfdaten sollten deshalb lediglich für eine grob vergleichende Beurteilung dieser Materialien entsprechend ihres Permeationswiderstands verwendet werden.
Vêtements de protection - Protection contre les produits chimiques - Détermination de la résistance des matériaux utilisés pour la confection des vêtements de protection à la perméation par des liquides et des gaz
Varovalna obleka - Zaščita pred kemikalijami - Ugotavljanje odpornosti materialov za varovalne obleke proti prepustnosti tekočin in plinov
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
01-oktober-2011
9DURYDOQDREOHND=DãþLWDSUHGNHPLNDOLMDPL8JRWDYOMDQMHRGSRUQRVWLPDWHULDORY
]DYDURYDOQHREOHNHSURWLSUHSXVWQRVWLWHNRþLQLQSOLQRY
Protective clothing -- Protection against chemicals -- Determination of resistance of
protective clothing materials to permeation by liquids and gases
Schutzkleidung - Schutz gegen Chemikalien - Bestimmung des Widerstands von
Schutzkleidungsmaterialien gegen die Permeation von Flüssigkeiten und Gasen
Vêtements de protection - Protection contre les produits chimiques - Détermination de la
résistance des matériaux utilisés pour la confection des vêtements de protection à la
perméation par des liquides et des gaz
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 6529 rev
ICS:
13.340.10 Varovalna obleka Protective clothing
oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
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oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN ISO 6529 rev
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2011
ICS 13.340.10 Will supersede EN ISO 6529:2001
English Version
Protective clothing - Protection against chemicals -
Determination of resistance of protective clothing materials to
permeation by liquids and gases (ISO/DIS 6529:2011)
Vêtements de protection - Protection contre les produits Schutzkleidung - Schutz gegen Chemikalien - Bestimmung
chimiques - Détermination de la résistance des matériaux des Widerstands von Schutzkleidungsmaterialien gegen
utilisés pour la confection des vêtements de protection à la die Permeation von Flüssigkeiten und Gasen (ISO/DIS
perméation par des liquides et des gaz (ISO/DIS 6529:2011)
6529:2011)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 162.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 6529 rev:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
prEN ISO 6529:2011 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
prEN ISO 6529:2011 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 6529:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94 “Personal
safety - Protective clothing and equipment” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 162 “Protective
clothing including hand and arm protection and lifejackets” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN ISO 6529:2001.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/DIS 6529:2011 has been approved by CEN as a prEN ISO 6529:2011 without any
modification.
3
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oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
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oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 6529
ISO/TC 94/SC 13 Secretariat: SNV
Voting begins on Voting terminates on
2011-07-14 2011-12-14
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Protective clothing — Protection against chemicals —
Determination of resistance of protective clothing materials to
permeation by liquids and gases
Vêtements de protection — Protection contre les produits chimiques — Détermination de la résistance des
matériaux utilisés pour la confection des vêtements de protection à la perméation par des liquides et des gaz
[Revision of second edition (ISO 6529:2001)]
ICS 13.340.10
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and
processed under the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member bodies for a parallel
five-month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be
submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
In accordance with the provisions of Council Resolution 15/1993 this document is circulated in
the English language only.
Conformément aux dispositions de la Résolution du Conseil 15/1993, ce document est
distribué en version anglaise seulement.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee
secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at
publication stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
© International Organization for Standardization, 2011
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oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
ISO/DIS 6529
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as permitted
under the applicable laws of the user’s country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract from it may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
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Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
ISO/DIS 6529
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references (Note to editor – none of the references to other standards are
normative) .2
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Principle .5
5 Choice of analytical technique and collection medium .5
5.1 General .5
5.2 Gaseous collection media .6
5.3 Liquid collection media.6
5.4 Other collection media.6
6 Apparatus.6
7 System Configuration .8
7.1 Open-Loop .8
7.2 Closed-Loop.9
8 Detection .10
8.1 Frequency of analysis.10
8.2 Analytical Methods.11
9 Sampling .12
9.1 Sampling procedure.12
9.2 Preparation of test specimens .12
9.3 Measurement of test specimen thickness and mass .12
10 Procedure.13
10.1 Calibration.13
10.2 Validation .13
10.3 Preparation of test apparatus .13
10.4 Method A — Liquid chemicals with continuous contact.14
10.5 Method B — Gaseous chemicals with continuous contact .15
10.6 Method C — Liquid or gaseous chemical with intermittent contact.18
10.7 Calculation of results.18
10.8 Visual assessment of test specimen.22
11 Report .23
Annex A (informative) Recommended list of chemicals for comparing permeation resistance of
protective clothing materials .25
Annex B (informative) Sources of permeation test cells and permeation test cell parts.28
Annex C (informative) Designs and Specifications of Commonly-Used Permeation Test Cells.29
Annex D (informative) Suggested procedures for calibrating and measuring the sensitivity of
permeation-test systems .33
Annex E (informative) Suggested method for the determination of air impermeability.37
Annex F (informative) Testing the permeation resistance of seams and closures.39
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EC Directive 89/686/EEC .42
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ISO/DIS 6529
Bibliography. 43
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ISO/DIS 6529
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 6529 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94, Personal safety - Protective clothing and
equipment, Subcommittee SC 13 and by Technical Committee CEN/TC 162, Protective clothing including
hand and arm protection and lifejackets in collaboration.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (EN ISO 6529:2001), which has been technically
revised.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, to support Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC
For relationship with the EU directive, see informative Annex ZA which is an integral part of this document.
© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved v
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ISO/DIS 6529
Introduction
Workers involved in the production, use, transportation, and emergency response with liquid and gaseous
chemicals can be exposed to numerous compounds capable of causing harm upon contact with the human
body. The deleterious effects of these chemicals can range from acute trauma such as skin irritation and burn
to chronic degenerative disease, such as cancer. Since engineering controls may not eliminate all possible
exposures, attention is often placed on reducing the potential for direct skin contact through the use of
protective clothing that resists permeation, penetration and degradation.
The test methods described in this standard are intended to be used to evaluate the barrier effectiveness of
materials used for protective clothing (see Note) against ingress by liquid or gaseous chemicals. Options are
provided for conducting this testing under both conditions of continuous or intermittent contact with the
chemicals.
These test methods provide various options for reporting test results in terms of breakthrough time,
permeation rate and cumulative permeation to allow a comparison of protective clothing material permeation
resistance. These parameters are key measures of the effectiveness of a clothing material to act as a barrier
to the test chemical. Such information is used in the comparison of clothing materials during the process of
selecting clothing for protection from hazardous chemicals. Long breakthrough times, low permeation rates
and low cumulative permeation mass are characteristic of high level barrier materials.
Resistance to penetration by liquid chemicals should be determined by using ISO 6530 while resistance to
penetration by liquid chemicals under pressure should be determined by using ISO 13994. These International
Standards are listed in the Bibliography.
It has been assumed in the drafting of this International Standard that the execution of its provisions will be
entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people with a sound understanding of analytical
chemistry. Appropriate precautions should be taken when carrying out this type of testing in order to avoid
injury to health and contamination of the environment.
NOTE Finished items of protective clothing include gloves, arm shields, aprons, suits, hoods, boots, etc. The phrase
“specimens from finished items” encompasses seamed and other discontinuous regions as well as the usual continuous
regions of protective clothing items.
vi © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 6529 :2011
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 6529
Protective clothing — Protection against chemicals —
Determination of resistance of protective clothing materials to
permeation by liquids and gases
1 Scope
This International Standard describes laboratory test methods to determine the resistance of materials used in
protective clothing to permeation by liquid or gaseous chemicals under the conditions of either continuous or
intermittent contact.
Method A is applicable to the testing of liquid chemicals, either volatile or soluble in water, expected to be in
continuous contact with the protective clothing material.
Method B is applicable to the testing of gaseous chemicals expected to be in continuous contact with the
protective clothing material.
Method C is applicable to the testing of liquid chemicals, either volatile or soluble in water, expected to be in
intermittent contact with the protective clothing material.
These test methods are only suitable for the testing of air-impermeable protective clothing materials (see
Note 1). They assess the permeation resistance of the protective clothing material under laboratory
conditions in terms of breakthrough time, permeation rate, and cumulative permeation. These test methods
also enable observations to be made of the effects of the test liquid on the protective clothing material under
test.
NOTE 1 In many cases the manufacturer of the protective clothing material will be able to advise whether their product
is air-impermeable. If this information is not available the procedure in Annex E may be used to evaluate air-
impermeability.
These test methods are only suitable for measuring permeation by liquids and gases. Permeation by solid
challenge chemicals is beyond the scope of this standard.
NOTE 2 It can be difficult or impossible to normalize the results of permeation tests carried out against solid challenge
chemicals. The normalised rate of permeation is dependent on the area of fabric exposed to the challenge chemical. In
the case of solids this will, in turn, depend on factors such as particle size, size distribution, particle shape and packing
considerations
These test methods address only the performance of materials or certain material constructions (e.g. seams)
used in protective clothing. These test methods do not address the design, overall construction and
components, or interfaces of garments or other factors which may affect the overall protection offered by the
protective clothing.
It is emphasized that these tests do not necessarily simulate conditions to which clothing materials are likely to
be exposed in practice. In most cases the conditions of the permeation test will be far more challenging than
expected workplace conditions. The use of test data should therefore be restricted to broad comparative
assessment of such material according to their permeation-resistance characteristics.
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ISO/DIS 6529
2 Normative references (Note to editor – none of the references to other standards
are normative)
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of,
any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents
indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
analytical technique
method of quantifying the amount of permeated chemical in the collection medium
NOTE Such methods are often specific to individual chemical and collection-medium combinations.
EXAMPLES Applicable analytical techniques can include ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) spectrophotometry, mass
spectrometry, pH measurement, ion chromatography, conductimetry, colorimetry, atmospheric analytical detector tubes
and radionuclide tagging/detection counting. Although gas- and liquid-chromatography are separation techniques rather
than detection methods they can be used in conjunction with suitable detectors to quantify the amount of permeated
chemical in the collection medium.
3.2
breakthrough detection time
elapsed time measured from the start of the test to the sampling time that immediately precedes the sampling
time at which the test chemical is first detected
See Figure 1.
NOTE The breakthrough detection time is dependent on the sensitivity of the method and the frequency of sampling
(the interval between sampling times).
3.3
closed-loop
refers to a testing mode in which the collection medium volume is fixed and continuously circulated or recycled
NOTE 1 The collection medium volume may change slightly from sampling without replacement of the sampled
collection medium.
NOTE 2 The closed-loop collection medium need not necessarily be completely physically enclosed. For example,
liquid collection media may be open to the air in an expansion vessel or constant-pressure header vessel.
3.4
collection medium
liquid or gas on the inner “clean” side of the test sample in which any permeated chemical is collected.
3.5
contact time
in an intermittent contact (Method C) test, the duration that the challenge-side chamber of the permeation cell
contains test chemical during each cycle
3.6
cumulative permeation mass
total amount of chemical that permeates during a specified time from the start of the test
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ISO/DIS 6529
NOTE 1 Quantification of cumulative permeation enables the comparison of permeation behaviour under intermittent
contact conditions with analogous data for tests carried out under continuous-contact conditions.
NOTE 2 The measurement of cumulative permeation may depend on the sensitivity of the permeation-test system.
3.7
cycle time
in an intermittent contact (Method C) test, the interval of time from the start of one contact period to the start of
the next contact period
NOTE 1 The breakthrough detection time for a method sensitivity of 0,05 μg/cm2/min is 23 min but would be reported
at 20 min, which corresponds to the last sampling time preceding the test. The normalized breakthrough detection time at
a normalization permeation rate of 0,1 μg/cm2/min is 33 min, but similarly would be reported at 28 min, which corresponds
to the preceding sampling time. The steady-state permeation rate is approximately 0,15 μg/cm2/min.
NOTE 2 The cumulative permeated mass over a 60 minute period is equal to the area of the shaded region under the
graph
Figure 1 — Schematic permeation graph showing actual and normalized breakthrough times and
cumulative permeation mass
3.8
degradation
deleterious change in one or more physical properties of a protective clothing material
NOTE Deleterious changes can be manifest as either an increase or decrease in a physical property. For example if
the protective clothing material has been embrittled an increase in puncture resistance may be observed
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ISO/DIS 6529
3.9
minimum detectable mass permeated
smallest mass of test chemical that is detectable with the complete permeation-test system
NOTE This value is not necessarily the intrinsic limit of detection for the analytical instrument.
3.10
minimum detectable permeation rate
lowest rate of permeation that is measurable with the complete permeation-test system
NOTE This value is not necessarily the intrinsic limit of detection for the analytical instrument.
3.11
normalization permeation rate
permeation rate used for determining the normalized breakthrough detection time
2 2
NOTE This test method provides two choices of normalization permeation rates: 0,1 μg/cm /min or 1,0 μg/cm /min.
3.12
normalized breakthrough detection time
time at which the permeation rate reaches the normalization permeation rate
See Figure 1.
3.13
open-loop
testing mode in which fresh collection medium flows continuously through the collection chamber of the test
cell and is not reused or recycled
3.14
penetration
flow of a chemical through closures, porous materials, seams and holes or other imperfections in a protective
clothing material on a non-molecular level
3.15
permeation
process by which a chemical moves through a protective clothing material on a molecular level
NOTE Permeation involves
a) sorption of molecules of the chemical into the contacted (outside) surface of a material,
b) diffusion of the sorbed molecules in the material, and
c) desorption of the molecules from the opposite (inside) surface of the material into the collection medium.
3.16
permeation mass
quantity of test chemical that passes through the protective clothing material within a given time
3.17
permeation rate
quantity of test chemical that passes through a given exposed surface area of protective clothing material in a
given time. Permeation rate is usually expressed in the units micrograms per square centimetre per minute
-2 -1
(μgcm min )
3.18
protective clothing material
any material or combination of materials used in an item of clothing for the purpose of isolating parts of the
body from a potential hazard
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3.19
purge time
In an intermittent contact test (Method C) t
...
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