SIST EN 40-3-3:2013
(Main)Lighting columns - Design and verification - Part 3-3: Verification by calculation
Lighting columns - Design and verification - Part 3-3: Verification by calculation
This European Standard specifies the requirements for the verification of the design of lighting columns by calculation. It applies to lighting columns of nominal height (including any bracket) not exceeding 20 m. Special structural designs to permit the attachment of signs, overhead wires, etc. are not covered by this European Standard.
The requirements for lighting columns made from materials other than concrete, steel, aluminium or fibre reinforced polymer composite (for example wood, plastic and cast iron) are not specifically covered in this standard. Fibre reinforced polymer composite lighting columns are covered in this standard in conjunction with EN 40-7.
This European Standard includes performance requirements for horizontal loads due to wind. Passive safety and the behaviour of a lighting column under the impact of a vehicle are not addressed. Such lighting columns will have additional requirements (see EN 12767).
The calculations used in this European Standard are based on limit state principles, where the effects of factored loads are compared with the relevant resistance of the structure. Two limit states are considered:
a) the ultimate limit state, which corresponds to the load-carrying capacity of the lighting column;
b) the serviceability limit state, which relates to the deflection of the lighting column in service.
NOTE In following this approach, simplifications appropriate to lighting columns have been adopted, These are:
1) the calculations are applicable to circular and regular octagonal cross-sections;
2) the number of separate partial safety factors have been reduced to a minimum;
3) serviceability partial safety factors have a value equal to unity.
Lichtmaste - Bemessung und Nachweis - Teil 3-3: Rechnerischer Nachweis
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an den Nachweis der Bemessung von Lichtmasten durch Berechnung fest. Sie gilt für Lichtmaste mit einer Nennhöhe (einschließlich jegliche Ausleger) von bis zu 20 m. Besondere bauliche Bemessungen, um das Anbringen von Verkehrsschildern, Freileitungen usw. zu ermöglichen, werden nicht in dieser Europäischen Norm behandelt.
Die Anforderungen an Lichtmaste aus anderen Werkstoffen als Beton, Stahl, Aluminium oder faserverstärktem Polymerverbundstoff (z. B. Holz, Kunststoff und Gusseisen) werden in dieser Norm nicht gesondert behandelt. Lichtmaste aus faserverstärktem Polymerverbundstoff werden in dieser Norm in Verbindung mit EN 40-7 behandelt.
Diese Europäische Norm enthält Leistungsanforderungen hinsichtlich horizontaler Lasten durch Wind. Passive Sicherheit und das Verhalten eines Lichtmastes unter dem Anprall eines Fahrzeuges werden nicht behandelt. Für diese Lichtmasten gelten zusätzliche Anforderungen (siehe EN 12767).
Die in dieser Europäischen Norm verwendeten Berechnungsverfahren beruhen auf dem Prinzip der Grenzzustände, bei dem die Wirkungen faktorisierter Lasten mit dem entsprechenden Widerstand der Konstruktion verglichen werden. Es werden zwei Grenzzustände betrachtet:
a) der Grenzzustand der Tragsicherheit, der der Tragfähigkeit des Lichtmastes entspricht;
b) der Grenzzustand der Gebrauchstauglichkeit, der sich auf die Verformung des in Betrieb befindlichen Lichtmastes bezieht.
ANMERKUNG Bei dem hier verwendeten Ansatz wurden die folgenden auf Lichtmaste anwendbaren Vereinfachungen zugrunde gelegt:
1) die Berechnungsverfahren gelten für kreisförmige Querschnitte und regelmäßige achteckige Querschnitte;
2) die Anzahl der einzelnen Teilsicherheitsbeiwerte wurde auf ein Minimum reduziert;
3) Teilsicherheitsbeiwerte für den Nachweis der Gebrauchstauglichkeit haben einen Wert von Eins.
Candélabres d'éclairage public - Conception et vérification - Partie 3-3: Vérification par calcul
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences relatives à la vérification par calcul de la conception des candélabres d'éclairage public. Elle s’applique aux candélabres d’éclairage public d’une hauteur nominale (avec la crosse) ne dépassant pas 20 m. Les conceptions structurelles particulières permettant de fixer des panneaux de signalisation, des fils aériens, etc., ne sont pas traitées dans la présente Norme européenne.
Les exigences relatives aux candélabres d'éclairage public réalisés dans d'autres matériaux que le béton, l'acier, l'aluminium ou le composite polymère renforcé de fibres (par exemple le bois, le plastique et la fonte) ne sont pas spécifiquement traitées dans la présente norme. Les candélabres d’éclairage public en composite polymère renforcé de fibres sont traités dans le présent document, conjointement avec l'EN 40-7.
La présente Norme européenne inclut les exigences de performance pour les charges horizontales dues au vent. La sécurité passive et le comportement d'un candélabre d'éclairage public soumis à l'impact d'un véhicule ne sont pas abordés. Des exigences supplémentaires s’appliqueront à cette catégorie de candélabres (voir EN 12767).
Les calculs utilisés dans la présente Norme européenne reposent sur les principes des états-limites, selon lesquels les effets de charges affectés d’un coefficient sont comparés à la résistance correspondante de la structure. Deux états-limites sont pris en compte :
a) l'état-limite ultime, qui correspond à la charge qui peut être supportée par le candélabre ;
b) l'état-limite de service, qui est lié à la déflexion du candélabre en service.
NOTE En suivant cette approche, les simplifications suivantes, adaptées aux candélabres d'éclairage public, ont été apportées :
1) les calculs sont applicables aux sections circulaires et aux sections octogonales régulières ;
2) le nombre de coefficients de sécurité partiels distincts a été réduit au minimum ;
3) les coefficients partiels à l'état limite de service ont une valeur égale à l'unité.
Drogovi za razsvetljavo - Projektiranje in preverjanje - 3-3. del: Preverjanje z izračunom
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve za preverjanje projektiranja drogov za razsvetljavo z izračunom. Velja za drogove za razsvetljavo nazivne višine (vključno z vsemi nosilci), ki ne presega 20 m. Posebno projektiranje konstrukcij, ki omogoča namestitev znakov, nadzemnih žic itd., ni obravnavano v tem evropskem standardu. V tem standardu niso posebej obravnavane zahteve za drogove za razsvetljavo, ki niso izdelani iz betona, jekla, aluminija ali vlaknatoarmiranega polimernega kompozita (npr. les, plastika in železova litina). Drogovi za razsvetljavo iz vlaknatoarmiranega polimernega kompozita so obravnavani v tem standardu v povezavi s standardom EN 40-7. Ta evropski standard vključuje zahteve glede zmogljivosti za vodoravne obtežbe zaradi vetra. Pasivna varnost in učinek, ki ga ima trčenje vozila na drog za razsvetljavo, nista obravnavana. Za takšne drogove za razsvetljavo veljajo dodatne zahteve (glej standard EN 12767). Izračuni, uporabljeni v tem evropskem standardu, temeljijo na načelih mejnih stanj, pri čemer se učinki izračunanih obtežb primerjajo z ustrezno odpornostjo strukture. Kot mejni stanji veljata: a) končno mejno stanje, ki ustreza nosilni zmogljivosti droga za razsvetljavo; b) mejno stanje uporabnosti, ki je povezano z upogibnostjo droga za razsvetljavo v uporabi.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Public Enquiry End Date
- 29-Sep-2012
- Publication Date
- 07-Apr-2013
- Technical Committee
- BBB - Concrete, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 06-Mar-2013
- Due Date
- 11-May-2013
- Completion Date
- 08-Apr-2013
- Directive
- 89/106/EEC - Construction products
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2013
Overview
EN 40-3-3:2013 - "Lighting columns - Part 3-3: Design and verification - Verification by calculation" (CEN) sets out the requirements for verifying the structural design of lighting columns by calculation. It applies to lighting columns (including any bracket) with a nominal height up to 20 m and covers typical materials: steel, aluminium, concrete and fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite (FRP in conjunction with EN 40-7). The standard uses limit state design principles to check both the ultimate limit state (strength) and the serviceability limit state (deflection). Special attachments (signs, overhead wires), alternative materials (e.g. wood, cast iron, plastics) and passive safety under vehicle impact are not covered.
Key topics and requirements
- Limit state approach - Effects of factored loads are compared with structural resistance; two limit states addressed: ultimate (load-carrying capacity) and serviceability (deflection).
- Scope and geometry - Calculations tailored for circular and regular octagonal cross-sections; openings, door details and transitions must be checked at specified positions (base, door edges, bracket interface, etc.).
- Characteristic loads - Wind and dead loads are determined per EN 40-3-1 and combined using partial load factors (example: wind γf Class A = 1.4, Class B = 1.2; dead load = 1.2; serviceability = 1.0).
- Material strength - Characteristic strength for steel and aluminium per Eurocode rules (EN 1993-1-1, EN 1999-1-1); concrete and FRP strengths per EN 40-4 and EN 40-7 respectively.
- Structural checks - Calculation of bending moments (Mx, My), combined moment (Mp) for closed sections, torsion (Tp) for asymmetric arrangements, cross-section strength in bending and torsion, and verification at critical locations.
- Deflection - Serviceability checks for horizontal and vertical deflection of luminaire connections with serviceability partial factors = 1.
- Other topics - Fatigue considerations, permissible modifications after verification, and reduced sets of partial safety factors appropriate for lighting columns.
Applications and users
EN 40-3-3:2013 is essential for:
- Structural engineers designing or verifying street lighting poles and columns by calculation.
- Manufacturers documenting compliance for product design and internal QA.
- Specifiers and procurement authorities requiring validated design checks for road and urban lighting installations.
- Testing and certification bodies referencing calculation-based verification alongside physical testing (EN 40-3-2). This standard is used when designing lighting columns where wind loads, bracket arrangements and deflection limits must be proven without recourse to full-scale testing.
Related standards
- EN 40-1 (terms), EN 40-3-1 (characteristic loads), EN 40-3-2 (verification by testing)
- EN 40-4 (concrete), EN 40-7 (FRP composite)
- Eurocodes: EN 1993-1-1 (steel), EN 1999-1-1 (aluminium)
- EN 12767 (passive safety / vehicle impact)
Keywords: EN 40-3-3:2013, lighting columns, verification by calculation, design verification, wind loads, limit state, lighting column standards.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Lighting columns - Design and verification - Part 3-3: Verification by calculation". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the requirements for the verification of the design of lighting columns by calculation. It applies to lighting columns of nominal height (including any bracket) not exceeding 20 m. Special structural designs to permit the attachment of signs, overhead wires, etc. are not covered by this European Standard. The requirements for lighting columns made from materials other than concrete, steel, aluminium or fibre reinforced polymer composite (for example wood, plastic and cast iron) are not specifically covered in this standard. Fibre reinforced polymer composite lighting columns are covered in this standard in conjunction with EN 40-7. This European Standard includes performance requirements for horizontal loads due to wind. Passive safety and the behaviour of a lighting column under the impact of a vehicle are not addressed. Such lighting columns will have additional requirements (see EN 12767). The calculations used in this European Standard are based on limit state principles, where the effects of factored loads are compared with the relevant resistance of the structure. Two limit states are considered: a) the ultimate limit state, which corresponds to the load-carrying capacity of the lighting column; b) the serviceability limit state, which relates to the deflection of the lighting column in service. NOTE In following this approach, simplifications appropriate to lighting columns have been adopted, These are: 1) the calculations are applicable to circular and regular octagonal cross-sections; 2) the number of separate partial safety factors have been reduced to a minimum; 3) serviceability partial safety factors have a value equal to unity.
This European Standard specifies the requirements for the verification of the design of lighting columns by calculation. It applies to lighting columns of nominal height (including any bracket) not exceeding 20 m. Special structural designs to permit the attachment of signs, overhead wires, etc. are not covered by this European Standard. The requirements for lighting columns made from materials other than concrete, steel, aluminium or fibre reinforced polymer composite (for example wood, plastic and cast iron) are not specifically covered in this standard. Fibre reinforced polymer composite lighting columns are covered in this standard in conjunction with EN 40-7. This European Standard includes performance requirements for horizontal loads due to wind. Passive safety and the behaviour of a lighting column under the impact of a vehicle are not addressed. Such lighting columns will have additional requirements (see EN 12767). The calculations used in this European Standard are based on limit state principles, where the effects of factored loads are compared with the relevant resistance of the structure. Two limit states are considered: a) the ultimate limit state, which corresponds to the load-carrying capacity of the lighting column; b) the serviceability limit state, which relates to the deflection of the lighting column in service. NOTE In following this approach, simplifications appropriate to lighting columns have been adopted, These are: 1) the calculations are applicable to circular and regular octagonal cross-sections; 2) the number of separate partial safety factors have been reduced to a minimum; 3) serviceability partial safety factors have a value equal to unity.
SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.160.20 - Exterior building lighting; 93.080.40 - Street lighting and related equipment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 40-3-3:2003. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 305/2011, 89/106/EEC; Standardization Mandates: M/111. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.L]UDþXQRPLichtmaste - Bemessung und Nachweis - Teil 3-3: Rechnerischer NachweisCandélabres d'éclairage public - Conception et vérification - Partie 3-3: Vérification par calculLighting columns - Design and verification - Part 3-3: Verification by calculation93.080.40Street lighting and related equipment91.160.20Zunanja razsvetljava stavbExterior building lightingICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 40-3-3:2013SIST EN 40-3-3:2013en,fr,de01-maj-2013SIST EN 40-3-3:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 40-3-3:20031DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 40-3-3
February 2013 ICS 93.080.40 Supersedes EN 40-3-3:2003English Version
Lighting columns - Part 3-3: Design and verification - Verification by calculation
Candélabres d'éclairage public - Partie 3-3: Conception et vérification - Vérification par calcul
Lichtmaste - Teil 3-3: Bemessung und Nachweis - Rechnerischer Nachweis This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 November 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 40-3-3:2013: ESIST EN 40-3-3:2013
The definitions are abbreviated, the full definitions being given in the text. a Clear length of door opening ar Length of the door cut out in the column wall for type 5 reinforcement
Ae Effective cross-sectional area of door reinforcement. As Cross-sectional area of door reinforcement b Clear width of the door opening
br Width of the door cut out in the column wall for type 5 reinforcement Bx Factor defined in 5.6.2.3.2 By Factor defined in 5.6.2.3.2 C Length of halves of straight edge of door opening dw Width of door reinforcement e Specified elongation E Modulus of elasticity fy Characteristic yield strength F Factor defined in 5.6.2.2 g Factor defined in 5.6.2.2 G Shear Modulus h Nominal height
J Mean dimension of flat side of octagonal cross section Jo Mean dimension of flat side at edge of door opening. l Length of Type 5 reinforcing. (Fig. 6e) L Effective length of door opening mox Distance from centroid of door reinforcement measured normal to the x-x axis. moy Distance from centroid of door reinforcement measured normal to the y-y axis. mx Distance from centre of column wall at the door opening measured normal to the x-x axis. my Distance from centre of column wall at the door opening measured normal to the y-y axis. Mp Combined bending moment for closed regular cross-sections. Mup Bending moment of resistance for closed regular cross sections. Mux Bending moment of resistance about x-x axis. Muy Bending moment of resistance about y-y axis. Mx Bending moment about x-x axis. My Bending moment about y-y axis. N Corner radius of door opening. P Factor defined in 5.6.2.3.2 R Mean radius of cross-section. Rw Mean radius of cross-section of type 5 reinforcement S Length of end connection of door reinforcement. t Nominal wall thickness t0 Lesser of t and tw. tw Nominal thickness of reinforcement at the side of the door opening. Tp Torsion moment Tu Torsion moment of resistance SIST EN 40-3-3:2013
Radius of gyration of door reinforcement w Bracket projection Zp Plastic modulus of closed regular cross-section Zpn Plastic modulus of unreinforced door opening cross-section about n-n axis. Zpy Plastic modulus of unreinforced door opening cross-section about y-y axis. Zpnr Plastic modulus of reinforced door opening cross-section about n-n axis. Zpyr Plastic modulus of reinforced door opening cross-section about y-y axis. γf Partial load factor. γm Partial material factor. θ Half angle of the clear door opening. θr Half angle of the door cut out in the column for type 5 reinforcement
π Constant = 3,1416 ε Factor defined in 5.6.2.1 φ1 / φ2
Factors defined in 5.6.2.1
φ3 / φ5
Factors defined in 5.6.2.2
φ6 / φ7
Factors defined in 5.6.2.3.2
5 Structural strength requirements (ultimate limit state) 5.1 Application of calculations
The adequacy of the strength of the lighting column shall be calculated for the following cross sections:
a) the point at which the column is fixed (normally at ground level); b) the lower edge of the door opening. If the positions of the door and the brackets can be changed relative to each other and are not specified, the lower edge of the door opening should be calculated about its weakest axis. If two or more door openings are provided, the strength of each opening shall be verified (see Figure 1);
c) in addition to b) for tapered lighting columns the top of the door opening. If two or more door openings are provided, the strength of each opening shall be verified (see Figure 1); d) the point at which the bracket begins if the column and the bracket consist of one piece, or the point at which the bracket is attached if the bracket is detachable and check the junction between the bracket arm and the column; e) transition from one diameter to another or at a change in material thickness;
f) anti-rotation device between the columns and the bracket arm, if such a device is present and intended to transfer torsional forces between the bracket arm and the column;
g) any other critical position. 5.2 Characteristic loads The characteristic loads for strength requirements shall be calculated in accordance with EN 40-3-1. SIST EN 40-3-3:2013
Wind load Dead load Class A 1,4 1,2 Class B 1,2 1,2 Serviceability Limit State 1,0 1,0
NOTE Refer to National Guidance or National Annex for selection of the correct class. 5.5 Calculation of moments 5.5.1
Bending moments The bending moments, Mx and My, in Nm, about the orthogonal axes x-x and y-y, respectively, shall be calculated for each position specified in 5.1 using the design loads specified in 5.4. For cross-sections with openings the x-x and y-y axes shall be taken as shown in Figures 5b and 6. NOTE For regular octagonal cross-sections the axes can be positioned through the centre of the flat side or through a corner. For closed regular cross-sections, the bending moments Mx and My may be combined to give a single moment, Mp, in Nm, that gives the most adverse action on the column cross-section being considered and shall be calculated from the formula: 22yxpMMM+= (1) SIST EN 40-3-3:2013
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SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 표준은 조명 기둥의 설계 검증에 대한 요구 사항을 계산을 통해 규명합니다. 이 유럽 표준은 명목 높이가 20m를 초과하지 않는 조명 기둥에 적용되며, 기호, 오버헤드 전선 등을 부착하기 위한 특별 구조 설계는 포함되지 않습니다. 이는 조명 기둥 설계에 대한 명확한 지침을 제공하고, 엔지니어들이 보다 안전하고 효율적인 구조물을 설계하는 데 기여합니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 수평 하중에 대한 성능 요구 사항을 포함하고 있다는 점입니다. 그러나 차량 충격에 대한 조명 기둥의 거동이나 수동 안전에 대한 내용은 다루지 않으며, 이러한 요소는 EN 12767에서 추가 요구 사항이 필요합니다. 미세한 구조 요소에 대한 요구 사항의 경량화로 인해 계산이 단순화되어, 실제 조명 기둥 설계에 보다 적합하게 적용될 수 있는 장점이 있습니다. SIST EN 40-3-3:2013에서는 한정 상태 원칙을 기반으로 한 계산 방법을 채택하고 있으며, 구조물의 저항과 하중의 영향을 비교하는 방식으로 세부적으로 접근합니다. 궁극적인 한계 상태와 서비스 가능성 한계 상태를 구분하여 다루고 있어, 각 상태에 따른 조명 기둥의 하중 수용력 및 처짐을 명확히 확인할 수 있습니다. 또한, 이 표준은 보통적인 원형 및 정규 팔각 단면에 적용 가능하며, 전체적인 안전 계수의 수를 최소화하여 보다 간결한 계산을 가능하게 합니다. 서비스 가능성 안전 계수는 단위 값을 유지하고 있어 실용성 측면에서도 효율적인 설계 접근이 이루어질 수 있습니다. SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 표준은 전반적으로 조명 기둥 설계 및 검증에 있어 필요한 모든 기술적 요구 사항을 충족하고 있으며, 현대 도시 환경에서 조명 기둥이 갖추어야 할 기준들을 체계적으로 제시함으로써, 해당 분야의 전문가들에게 유용한 기준서 역할을 합니다.
SIST EN 40-3-3:2013は、照明柱の設計と検証に特化した欧州規格であり、その計算による検証の要件を明確に定義しています。この標準は、20メートル以下の標準的な高さの照明柱に適用され、ブレースを含む構造の検証に対応しています。ただし、看板や架空のワイヤーを取り付けるための特別な構造設計についてはカバーされていません。 この標準の強みは、照明柱の設計検証におけるパフォーマンス要件を明確化している点にあります。風圧による水平荷重に対する要求が示されている一方で、車両衝突時の安全性や挙動については取り扱っていないため、これらを考慮する場合は別の基準（EN 12767）を参照する必要があります。このアプローチにより、照明柱に関連する特有の簡略化が導入されており、計算は円形および正八角形の断面に適用可能です。また、部分安全係数の数が最小限に抑えられ、サービス性能の部分安全係数が1に設定されています。これは非常に実用的で、実際の設計者が計算を行いやすくしています。 さらに、この標準では、限界状態に基づいた計算方法が採用されており、照明柱の荷重耐力と変形挙動に対する明確な基準が提供されています。最終限界状態と使用限界状態の両方が考慮されているため、照明柱の安全性と機能性を効果的に評価できる仕組みになっています。 総じて、SIST EN 40-3-3:2013は照明柱の設計と検証に関する重要な基準であり、実際の適用においてもその有用性が高いことが評価されます。この標準への準拠は、照明インフラの安全性と信頼性を確保するために不可欠です。
The SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 standard provides a comprehensive and well-structured approach to the verification of lighting columns via calculation, addressing a crucial aspect of infrastructure design. Its scope is clearly defined, emphasizing that it applies to lighting columns with a nominal height not exceeding 20 meters, including any brackets. This specificity ensures that the standard is directly relevant to a wide range of lighting column applications typically found in urban and suburban environments. One of the standard's notable strengths is its focus on structural integrity through limit state principles. By categorizing the verification into ultimate limit states and serviceability limit states, it encourages a robust analysis of both load-carrying capacities and deflection under service conditions. This method allows engineers to ensure that lighting columns are not only safe but also function effectively over time, which is essential for maintaining public safety and service reliability. The document also effectively simplifies the verification process by adopting specific assumptions maximum applicable to the typical designs of lighting columns, such as circular and regular octagonal cross-sections. This simplification, coupled with the minimal number of separate partial safety factors, promotes efficiency in calculations while still adhering to rigorous safety standards. Moreover, the inclusion of performance requirements for horizontal loads, specifically due to wind, enhances the standard's relevance in regions experiencing varying weather conditions. While it does not cover special structural designs for attachments or passive safety measures related to vehicle impacts, it sensibly directs readers to other relevant standards, such as EN 12767, for additional guidance. This interconnected approach ensures that while SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 may have its limitations, it provides a solid foundation upon which further considerations can be built. In summary, SIST EN 40-3-3:2013 is a critical document for professionals involved in the design and verification of lighting columns. Its well-defined scope, strength in structural integrity assessment, and practical simplifications make it a relevant and valuable standard in engineering disciplines related to public lighting infrastructure.
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