SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
Fluid power systems - O-rings - Part 5: Specification of elastomeric materials for industrial applications
Fluid power systems - O-rings - Part 5: Specification of elastomeric materials for industrial applications
This part of ISO 3601 contains the material specification of a selection of standard elastomeric materials
(rubber) for O-rings used in general industrial applications. It also indicates the ability of the materials
to satisfy many of the requirements associated with fluid power components.
Only materials which are in universal usage are specified; other compounds are available and can be used.
The required physical properties and test methods (including test specimen) should be agreed upon
between equipment manufacturer/user and O-ring manufacturer/supplier.
Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques - Joints toriques - Partie 5: Matériaux élastomères convenant pour applications industrielles
Fluidni sistemi - Tesnilke O - 5. del: Specifikacija elastomernih materialov, primernih za industrijsko uporabo
Ta del standarda ISO 3601 vključuje specifikacije materiala za izbor standardnih elastomernih materialov (guma) za tesnilke O, primerne za industrijsko uporabo. Poleg tega navaja zmožnosti materialov za izpolnitev številnih zahtev, povezanih s komponentami fluidne tehnike.
Podani so samo materiali za univerzalno uporabo, drugi sestavni deli so na voljo in se lahko uporabljajo.
Zahtevane fizikalne lastnosti in preskusne metode (vključno s preskusnim vzorcem) morajo biti opredeljene na podlagi dogovora med proizvajalcem/uporabnikom opreme ter proizvajalcem/dobaviteljem tesnilk O.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 3601-5
Second edition
2015-04-01
Corrected version
2016-06-01
Fluid power systems — O-rings —
Part 5:
Specification of elastomeric materials
for industrial applications
Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Joints toriques —
Partie 5: Matériaux élastomères convenant pour applications
industrielles
Reference number
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, and symbols . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Symbols . 2
4 Materials . 2
4.1 Commonly used elastomeric materials . 2
4.2 Curing systems . 2
4.3 O-ring requirements . 2
4.4 Detailed requirements of O-ring materials . 3
5 Designation system .12
6 Identification statement .12
Annex A (informative) O-ring stress/strain and compression set testing .13
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword — Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 131, Fluid power systems, Subcommittee SC 7,
Sealing devices.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3601-5:2002), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 3601 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fluid power systems — O-rings:
— Part 1: Inside diameters, cross-sections, tolerances and designation codes
— Part 2: Housing dimensions for general applications
— Part 3: Quality acceptance criteria
— Part 4: Anti-extrusion rings (back-up rings)
— Part 5: Suitability of elastomeric materials for industrial applications
This corrected version of ISO 3601-5:2015 incorporates the following corrections.
The arrangement and values in the headings and row 1 of Table 2 have been revised.
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Introduction
In fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a fluid (liquid or gas) under
pressure within an enclosed circuit. One component of such a system can be a toroidal sealing, an
O-ring. This part of ISO 3601 evaluates the suitability of a number of elastomeric materials (rubber)
which can be used for O-rings in industrial applications.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Fluid power systems — O-rings —
Part 5:
Specification of elastomeric materials for industrial
applications
1 Scope
This part of ISO 3601 contains the material specification of a selection of standard elastomeric materials
(rubber) for O-rings used in general industrial applications. It also indicates the ability of the materials
to satisfy many of the requirements associated with fluid power components.
Only materials which are in universal usage are specified; other compounds are available and can be used.
The required physical properties and test methods (including test specimen) should be agreed upon
between equipment manufacturer/user and O-ring manufacturer/supplier.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 37, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of tensile stress-strain properties
ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and
100 IRHD)
ISO 188, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests
ISO 815:1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of compression set — Part 1: At ambient
or elevated temperatures
ISO 1382, Rubber — Vocabulary
ISO 1629, Rubber and latices — Nomenclature
ISO 1817, Rubber, vulcanized — Determination of the effect of liquids
ISO 2921, Rubber, vulcanized — Determination of low-temperature retraction (TR test)
ISO 3601-1, Fluid power systems — O-rings — Part 1: Inside diameters, cross-sections, tolerances and
designation codes
ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary
ASTM D1414, Standard Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
3 Terms, definitions, and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3601-1, ISO 1382, and
ISO 5598 apply.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
3.2 Symbols
d inside diameter of O-ring
1
d cross section diameter of O-ring
2
4 Materials
4.1 Commonly used elastomeric materials
Table 1 gives a selection of elastomeric materials commonly used for O-rings in general industrial
applications.
Table 1 — Commonly used elastomeric materials for O-rings
b
Curing Nominal hardness (IRHD)
a
Basic elastomer Code
system °, CM
Acrylonitrile-butadiene NBR S 70, 90
Acrylonitrile-butadiene NBR P 75, 90
Hydrogenated NBR HNBR 75, 90
Fluorocarbon FKM 70, 75, 80, 90
Silicone VMQ 70
Ethylene-propylene-diene EPDM S 70, 80
Ethylene-propylene-diene EPDM P 70, 80
Polyacrylate ACM 70
NOTE Other hardness and materials are possible depending on the application.
a
Codes in accordance with ISO 1629.
b
See ISO 48.
4.2 Curing systems
An important process in moulding operations to make O-rings is vulcanization. Vulcanization is a
chemical process for converting rubber or related polymers into more durable and, in case of elastomers,
more elastic materials through the addition of sulfur or other equivalent “curatives.” These additives
modify the polymer by forming crosslinks between individual polymer chains.
The curing system used depends on the polymer type and the desired properties. Two of the most
widely and often used systems are sulfur (S) and peroxide (P) curing systems.
NOTE Not all curing systems are suitable for all elastomers.
4.3 O-ring requirements
The O-ring requirements of the basic elastomers according to Table 1 are specified in Table 2. This table
can be used for the inspection of production parts, incoming goods, or in case of complaints.
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Table 2 — O-ring requirements
NBR NBR EPDM EPDM
Test
HNBR FKM VMQ ACM
method
S P S P
c
Hardness (IRHD) °, CM 70 90 75 90 75 90 70 75 80 90 70 70 80 70 80 70
Tolerance in
— —
hardness for
ISO 48 CM
c
d ≥ 1,60 mm °, CM +5/-5
2
c
d < 1,60 mm °, CM +5/-8
2
Compression set,
% 35 35 30 30 40 50 25 25 25 30 35 30 35 30 30 40
a
max.
ISO 815-1,
Method A
b
24 (+0/-2) h
°C 100 100 100 100 150 150 200 200 200 200 175 100 100 150 150 150
at temperature
Compression set,
% 50 50 40 40 45 50 30 30 30 30 40 40 40 35 35 50
max.
ISO 815-1,
for d ≥ 2,62 mm Method A
2
b
72 (+0/-2) h °C 100 100 100 100 125 125 175 175 175 175 175 100 100 125 125 150
at temperature
Compression set,
% 50 50 45 50 45 50 30 30 30 30 50 45 45 35 35 50
a
max.
ISO 815-1,
for d < 2,62 mm Method A
2
b
72 (+0/-2) h °C 100 100 100 100 125 125 175 175 175 175 175 100 100 125 125 150
at temperature
NOTE 1 The frequency of the lot testing should be agreed between the supplier and purchaser at the time of order.
NOTE 2 For all values d < 1 mm no reliable measurement procedures have been developed.
2
a
For values d < 2 mm, the limits can be increased by +5 %.
2
b
Purchaser and supplier should agree upon the duration of the compression set test.
c
For indication of the hardness see ISO 48.
4.4 Detailed requirements of O-ring materials
Operating conditions shall be taken into consideration when O-ring materials are selected.
Therefore users should determine the compatibility of the O-ring material with the operational
parameters (e.g. fluid, temperature, pressure, etc.) of the application.
The detailed requirements of O-ring materials according to Table 1 are specified in Tables 3 to 10. These
tables should be used to qualify standard O-ring materials.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 3
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ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Table 3 — O-ring material NBR (sulfur cured)
NBR
Test
sulfur cured
Properties Unit Test method
specimen
70 90
Hardness (IRHD) °, M 2 mm sheet 70 ± 5 90 ± 5 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness (IRHD) °, CM O-ring 70 ± 5 90 ± 5 ISO 48 CM
Tensile strength, min. MPa 2 mm sheet 12 10 ISO 37
a
Tensile strength, min. MPa O-ring 10 8 ASTM D1414
Elongation at break, min. % 2 mm sheet 250 125 ISO 37
a
Elongation at break, min. % O-ring 200 100 ASTM D1414
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 35 35
24 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Compression set, max. Button type B ISO 815-1,
% 40 40
72 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C ⌀ 13 mm × 6 mm Method A
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 50 50
72 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Compression set, max. Button type B ISO 815-1,
% 60 70
336 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C ⌀ 13 mm × 6 mm Method A
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 65 75
336 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Heat ageing, 72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C — — — — ISO 188
Hardness change, max. °, M 2 mm sheet +8 +8 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change, max. °, CM O-ring +8 +8 ISO 48 CM
Heat ageing,168 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C — — — — ISO 188
Hardness change, max. °, M 2 mm sheet +10 +10 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change, max. °, CM O-ring +10 +10 ISO 48 CM
Change of tensile strength % 2 mm sheet ±25 ±25 ISO 37
a
Change of tensile strength % O-ring ±25 ±30 ASTM D1414
Change of elongation at break % 2 mm sheet ±40 ±40 ISO 37
a
Change of elongation at break % O-ring ±50 ±50 ASTM D1414
Cold flexibility TR10, (colder than) °C 2 mm sheet −20 −18 ISO 2921
a
Cold flexibility TR10, (colder than) °C O-ring −20 −18 ISO 2921
Immersion test in ISO Oil No. 1
— — — — ISO 1817
72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C
Volume change % 2 mm sheet +5/-15 +5/-15 ISO 1817
a
Volume change % O-ring +5/-15 +5/-15 ISO 1817
Hardness change °, M 2 mm sheet +10/-6 +8/-5 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change °, CM O-ring +10/-6 +8/-5 ISO 48 CM
Immersion test in ISO Oil No.3
— — — — ISO 1817
72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C
Volume change % 2 mm sheet +15/0 +15/0 ISO 1817
a
Volume change % O-ring +15/0 +15/0 ISO 1817
Hardness change °, M 2 mm sheet +5/-10 +5/-10 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change °, CM O-ring +5/-10 +5/-10 ISO 48 CM
NOTE Variations of physical properties (particularly hardness, see ISO 48) can occur between test sheets and O-rings made from the
same compound. For qualification, either test specimen (sheet or O-ring) is acceptable.
a
O-ring size ISO 3601-1-214 (d = 24,99 mm; d = 3,53 mm).
1 2
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Table 4 — O-ring material NBR (peroxide cured)
NBR
Test
peroxide cured
Properties Unit Test method
specimen
75 90
Hardness (IRHD) °, M 2 mm sheet 75 ± 5 90 ± 5 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness (IRHD) °, CM O-ring 75 ± 5 90 ± 5 ISO 48 CM
Tensile strength, min. MPa 2 mm sheet 12 10 ISO 37
a
Tensile strength, min. MPa O-ring 10 8 ASTM D1414
Elongation at break, min. % 2 mm sheet 150 90 ISO 37
a
Elongation at break, min. % O-ring 150 90 ASTM D1414
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 30 30
24 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Compression set, max. Button type B ISO 815-1,
% 40 40
72 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C ⌀ 13 mm × 6 mm Method A
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 40 40
72 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Compression set, max. Button type B ISO 815-1,
% 50 60
336 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C ⌀ 13 mm × 6 mm Method A
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 55 65
336 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Heat ageing, 72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C — — — — ISO 188
Hardness change, max. °, M 2 mm sheet +8 +8 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change, max. °, CM O-ring +8 +8 ISO 48 CM
Heat ageing,168 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C — — — — ISO 188
Hardness change, max. °, M 2 mm sheet +10 +10 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change, max. °, CM O-ring +10 +10 ISO 48 CM
Change of tensile strength % 2 mm sheet ±25 ±25 ISO 37
a
Change of tensile strength % O-ring ±25 ±25 ASTM D1414
Change of elongation at break % 2 mm sheet ±50 ±40 ISO 37
a
Change of elongation at break % O-ring ±50 ±50 ASTM D1414
Cold flexibility TR10, (colder than) °C 2 mm sheet −20 −18 ISO 2921
a
Cold flexibility TR10, (colder than) °C O-ring −20 −18 ISO 2921
Immersion test in ISO Oil No. 1
— — — — ISO 1817
72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C
Volume change % 2 mm sheet +5/-15 +5/-15 ISO 1817
a
Volume change % O-ring +5/-15 +5/-15 ISO 1817
Hardness change °, M 2 mm sheet +10/-6 +8/-5 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change °, CM O-ring +10/-6 +8/-5 ISO 48 CM
Immersion test in ISO Oil No.3
— — — — ISO 1817
72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C
Volume change % 2 mm sheet +15/0 +15/0 ISO 1817
a
Volume change % O-ring +15/0 +15/0 ISO 1817
Hardness change °, M 2 mm sheet +5/-10 +5/-10 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change °, CM O-ring +5/-10 +5/-10 ISO 48 CM
NOTE Variations of physical properties (particularly hardness, see ISO 48) can occur between test sheets and O-rings made from the
same compound. For qualification either test specimen (sheet or O-ring) is accep
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
01-maj-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST ISO 3601-5:2003
Fluidni sistemi - Tesnilke O - 5. del: Specifikacija elastomernih materialov,
primernih za industrijsko uporabo
Fluid power systems - O-rings - Part 5: Specification of elastomeric materials for
industrial applications
Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques - Joints toriques - Partie 5: Matériaux
élastomères convenant pour applications industrielles
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 3601-5:2015
ICS:
23.100.60 )LOWULWHVQLODLQ Filters, seals and
RQHVQDåHYDQMHWHNRþLQ contamination of fluids
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
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SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 3601-5
Second edition
2015-04-01
Fluid power systems — O-rings —
Part 5:
Specification of elastomeric materials
for industrial applications
Transmissions hydrauliques et pneumatiques — Joints toriques —
Partie 5: Matériaux élastomères convenant pour applications
industrielles
Reference number
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, and symbols . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Symbols . 2
4 Materials . 2
4.1 Commonly used elastomeric materials . 2
4.2 Curing systems . 2
4.3 O-ring requirements . 2
4.4 Detailed requirements of O-ring materials . 3
5 Designation system .12
6 Identification statement .12
Annex A (informative) O-ring stress/strain and compression set testing .13
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword — Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 131, Fluid power systems, Subcommittee SC 7,
Sealing devices.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3601-5:2002), which has been
technically revised.
ISO 3601 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fluid power systems — O-rings:
— Part 1: Inside diameters, cross-sections, tolerances and designation codes
— Part 2: Housing dimensions for general applications
— Part 3: Quality acceptance criteria
— Part 4: Anti-extrusion rings (back-up rings)
— Part 5: Suitability of elastomeric materials for industrial applications
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Introduction
In fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a fluid (liquid or gas) under
pressure within an enclosed circuit. One component of such a system can be a toroidal sealing, an O-ring.
This part of ISO 3601 evaluates the suitability of a number of elastomeric materials (rubber) which can
be used for O-rings in industrial applications.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Fluid power systems — O-rings —
Part 5:
Specification of elastomeric materials for industrial
applications
1 Scope
This part of ISO 3601 contains the material specification of a selection of standard elastomeric materials
(rubber) for O-rings used in general industrial applications. It also indicates the ability of the materials
to satisfy many of the requirements associated with fluid power components.
Only materials which are in universal usage are specified; other compounds are available and can be used.
The required physical properties and test methods (including test specimen) should be agreed upon
between equipment manufacturer/user and O-ring manufacturer/supplier.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 37, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of tensile stress-strain properties
ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD
and 100 IRHD)
ISO 188, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests
ISO 815:1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of compression set — Part 1: At ambient
or elevated temperatures
ISO 1382, Rubber — Vocabulary
ISO 1629, Rubber and latices — Nomenclature
ISO 1817, Rubber, vulcanized — Determination of the effect of liquids
ISO 2921, Rubber, vulcanized — Determination of low-temperature retraction (TR test)
ISO 3601-1, Fluid power systems — O-rings — Part 1: Inside diameters, cross-sections, tolerances and
designation codes
ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary
ASTM D1414, Standard Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
3 Terms, definitions, and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3601-1, ISO 1382, and
ISO 5598 apply.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
3.2 Symbols
d inside diameter of O-ring
1
d cross section diameter of O-ring
2
4 Materials
4.1 Commonly used elastomeric materials
Table 1 gives a selection of elastomeric materials commonly used for O-rings in general industrial
applications.
Table 1 — Commonly used elastomeric materials for O-rings
b
Curing Nominal hardness (IRHD)
a
Basic elastomer Code
system °, CM
Acrylonitrile-butadiene NBR S 70, 90
Acrylonitrile-butadiene NBR P 75, 90
Hydrogenated NBR HNBR 75, 90
Fluorocarbon FKM 70, 75, 80, 90
Silicone VMQ 70
Ethylene-propylene-diene EPDM S 70, 80
Ethylene-propylene-diene EPDM P 70, 80
Polyacrylate ACM 70
NOTE Other hardness and materials are possible depending on the application.
a
Codes in accordance with ISO 1629.
b
See ISO 48.
4.2 Curing systems
An important process in moulding operations to make O-rings is vulcanization. Vulcanization is a
chemical process for converting rubber or related polymers into more durable and, in case of elastomers,
more elastic materials through the addition of sulfur or other equivalent “curatives.” These additives
modify the polymer by forming crosslinks between individual polymer chains.
The curing system used depends on the polymer type and the desired properties. Two of the most widely
and often used systems are sulfur (S) and peroxide (P) curing systems.
NOTE Not all curing systems are suitable for all elastomers.
4.3 O-ring requirements
The O-ring requirements of the basic elastomers according to Table 1 are specified in Table 2. This table
can be used for the inspection of production parts, incoming goods, or in case of complaints.
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Table 2 — O-ring requirements
NBR NBR EPDM EPDM Test
HNBR FKM VMQ ACM
S P S P method
Hardness (IRHD) °,
70 90 75 90 75 90 70 75 80 90 70 70 80 70 80 70
c
CM
Tolerance in hardness
— —
for
ISO 48 CM
d ≥ 1,60 mm °,
2
+5/-5
c
CM
d < 1,60 mm °,
2
+5/-8
c
CM
Compression set,
% 35 35 30 30 40 50 25 25 25 30 35 30 35 30 30 40
a
max.
ISO 815-1,
Method A
b
24 (+0/-2) h at
°C 100 100 100 100 150 150 200 200 200 200 175 100 100 150 150 150
temperature
Compression set,
% 50 50 40 40 45 50 30 30 30 30 40 40 40 35 35 50
max.
ISO 815-1,
for d ≥ 2,62 mm
2 Method A
b
72 (+0/-2) h at °C 100 100 100 100 125 125 175 175 175 175 175 100 100 125 125 150
temperature
Compression set,
% 50 50 45 50 45 50 30 30 30 30 50 45 45 35 35 50
a
max.
ISO 815-1,
for d < 2,62 mm
2 Method A
b
72 (+0/-2) h at °C 100 100 100 100 125 125 175 175 175 175 175 100 100 125 125 150
temperature
NOTE 1 The frequency of the lot testing should be agreed between the supplier and purchaser at the time of order.
NOTE 2 For all values d < 1 mm, no reliable measurement procedures have been developed.
2
a
For values d < 2 mm, the limits can be increased by +5 %.
2
b
Purchaser and supplier should agree upon the duration of the compression set test.
c
For indication of the hardness, see ISO 48.
4.4 Detailed requirements of O-ring materials
Operating conditions shall be taken into consideration when O-ring materials are selected.
Therefore users should determine the compatibility of the O-ring material with the operational
parameters (e.g. fluid, temperature, pressure, etc.) of the application.
The detailed requirements of O-ring materials according to Table 1 are specified in Tables 3 to 10. These
tables should be used to qualify standard O-ring materials.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Table 3 — O-ring material NBR (sulfur cured)
NBR
Test
sulfur cured
Properties Unit Test method
specimen
70 90
Hardness (IRHD) °, M 2 mm sheet 70 ± 5 90 ± 5 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness (IRHD) °, CM O-ring 70 ± 5 90 ± 5 ISO 48 CM
Tensile strength, min. MPa 2 mm sheet 12 10 ISO 37
a
Tensile strength, min. MPa O-ring 10 8 ASTM D1414
Elongation at break, min. % 2 mm sheet 250 125 ISO 37
a
Elongation at break, min. % O-ring 200 100 ASTM D1414
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 35 35
24 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Compression set, max. Button type B ISO 815-1,
% 40 40
72 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C ⌀ 13 mm × 6 mm Method A
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 50 50
72 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Compression set, max. Button type B ISO 815-1,
% 60 70
336 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C ⌀ 13 mm × 6 mm Method A
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 65 75
336 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Heat ageing, 72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C — — — — ISO 188
Hardness change, max. °, M 2 mm sheet +8 +8 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change, max. °, CM O-ring +8 +8 ISO 48 CM
Heat ageing,168 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C — — — — ISO 188
Hardness change, max. °, M 2 mm sheet +10 +10 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change, max. °, CM O-ring +10 +10 ISO 48 CM
Change of tensile strength % 2 mm sheet ±25 ±25 ISO 37
a
Change of tensile strength % O-ring ±25 ±30 ASTM D1414
Change of elongation at break % 2 mm sheet ±40 ±40 ISO 37
a
Change of elongation at break % O-ring ±50 ±50 ASTM D1414
Cold flexibility TR10, (colder than) °C 2 mm sheet −20 −18 ISO 2921
a
Cold flexibility TR10, (colder than) °C O-ring −20 −18 ISO 2921
Immersion test in ISO Oil No. 1
— — — — ISO 1817
72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C
Volume change % 2 mm sheet +5/-15 +5/-15 ISO 1817
a
Volume change % O-ring +5/-15 +5/-15 ISO 1817
Hardness change °, M 2 mm sheet +10/-6 +8/-5 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change °, CM O-ring +10/-6 +8/-5 ISO 48 CM
Immersion test in ISO Oil No.3
— — — — ISO 1817
72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C
Volume change % 2 mm sheet +15/0 +15/0 ISO 1817
a
Volume change % O-ring +15/0 +15/0 ISO 1817
Hardness change °, M 2 mm sheet +5/-10 +5/-10 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change °, CM O-ring +5/-10 +5/-10 ISO 48 CM
NOTE Variations of physical properties (particularly hardness, see ISO 48) can occur between test sheets and O-rings made
from the same compound. For qualification, either test specimen (sheet or O-ring) is acceptable.
a
O-ring size ISO 3601-1-214 (d = 24,99 mm; d = 3,53 mm).
1 2
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST ISO 3601-5:2016
ISO 3601-5:2015(E)
Table 4 — O-ring material NBR (peroxide cured)
NBR
Test
peroxide cured
Properties Unit Test method
specimen
75 90
Hardness (IRHD) °, M 2 mm sheet 75 ± 5 90 ± 5 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness (IRHD) °, CM O-ring 75 ± 5 90 ± 5 ISO 48 CM
Tensile strength, min. MPa 2 mm sheet 12 10 ISO 37
a
Tensile strength, min. MPa O-ring 10 8 ASTM D1414
Elongation at break, min. % 2 mm sheet 150 90 ISO 37
a
Elongation at break, min. % O-ring 150 90 ASTM D1414
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 30 30
24 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Compression set, max. Button type B ISO 815-1,
% 40 40
72 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C ⌀ 13 mm × 6 mm Method A
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 40 40
72 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Compression set, max. Button type B ISO 815-1,
% 50 60
336 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C ⌀ 13 mm × 6 mm Method A
Compression set, max. ISO 815-1,
a
% O-ring 55 65
336 (+0/-2) h at 100 °C Method A
Heat ageing, 72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C — — — — ISO 188
Hardness change, max. °, M 2 mm sheet +8 +8 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change, max. °, CM O-ring +8 +8 ISO 48 CM
Heat ageing,168 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C — — — — ISO 188
Hardness change, max. °, M 2 mm sheet +10 +10 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change, max. °, CM O-ring +10 +10 ISO 48 CM
Change of tensile strength % 2 mm sheet ±25 ±25 ISO 37
a
Change of tensile strength % O-ring ±25 ±25 ASTM D1414
Change of elongation at break % 2 mm sheet ±50 ±40 ISO 37
a
Change of elongation at break % O-ring ±50 ±50 ASTM D1414
Cold flexibility TR10, (colder than) °C 2 mm sheet −20 −18 ISO 2921
a
Cold flexibility TR10, (colder than) °C O-ring −20 −18 ISO 2921
Immersion test in ISO Oil No. 1
— — — — ISO 1817
72 (+0/-2) h / 100 °C
Volume change % 2 mm sheet +5/-15 +5/-15 ISO 1817
a
Volume change % O-ring +5/-15 +5/-15 ISO 1817
Hardness change °, M 2 mm sheet +10/-6 +8/-5 ISO 48 M
a
Hardness change °, CM O-ring +10/-6 +8/-5 ISO 48 CM
Immersion test in
...
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