Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 1: Basic safety requirements

This document applies to GSE when used in civil air transport as intended by the manufacturer and contains safety requirements relating to the equipment in general.
This document specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of GSE when used as intended including any reasonably foreseeable misuse by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes into account some requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
This part of EN 1915 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009, EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 (for self-propelled GSE) and EN 1915-4:2004+A1:2009, and with the relevant part of EN 12312 to give the requirements for the types of GSE within the scope of EN 12312.
When EN 12312 does not contain a relevant part for a GSE, EN 1915 (all parts) gives general requirements that may apply, although additional machine specific requirements, to be determined by the manufacturer, are likely to be required.
This part of EN 1915 does not apply to automotive parts approved for public vehicles in the EU and EFTA, when used on GSE for the purpose for which they are designed.
This part of EN 1915 does not establish additional requirements for the following:
a)   operation elsewhere than in an airport environment;
b)   operation in severe conditions, e.g. ambient temperature below -20 °C or over 50 °C, tropical or saturated salty atmospheric environment, strong magnetic or radiation field;
c)   operation subject to special rules, e.g. potentially explosive atmosphere except as regards operation in the vicinity of an aircraft fuel tank during fuelling operation;
d)   hazards caused by power supply other than from electrical networks;
e)   hazards occurring during construction, transportation, decommissioning and disassembly of the GSE;
f)   hazards caused by wind velocity in excess of the figures given in this document;
g)   direct contact with food stuffs;
h)   earthquake, flood, landslide, lightning and more generally any exceptional natural event;
i)   electromagnetic compatibility (EMC);
j)   hazards caused by noise and vibration, see EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 and EN 1915-4:2004+A1:2009.
While this standard gives some basic requirements for wireless remote controls, additional requirements will be necessary.
This part of EN 1915 is not applicable to GSE which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this document.

Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Allgemeine Anforderungen - Teil 1: Grundlegende Sicherheitsanforderungen

Dieses Dokument gilt für GSE, die entsprechend den vom Hersteller festgelegten Betriebsbedingungen im zivilen Luftverkehr eingesetzt werden und enthält die allgemeinen Sicherheitsanforderungen an diese Geräte.
Dieses Dokument legt die technischen Anforderungen zur Minimierung der in Abschnitt 4 aufgelisteten Gefährdungen fest, die bei Inbetriebnahme, Betrieb und Wartung von GSE auftreten können, wenn diese bestimmungsgemäß genutzt werden, einschließlich einer vom Hersteller vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendung, wenn diese in Übereinstimmung mit den Anweisungen des Herstellers oder seines Beauftragten ausgeführt werden. Sie berücksichtigt auch einige Funktions- und Gestaltungsanforderungen, die von offiziellen Stellen, den Herstellern von Luftfahrzeugen und Bodengeräten (GSE) sowie Luftverkehrs- und Abfertigungsgesellschaften als wesentlich erachtet wurden.
Es ist beabsichtigt, diesen Teil von EN 1915 in Verbindung mit EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009, EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 (für selbstfahrende Fahrzeuge) und EN 1915-4:2004+A1:2009 und mit dem entsprechenden Teil von EN 12312 anzuwenden, um die Anforderungen an GSE innerhalb des Anwendungsbereiches von EN 12312 anzugeben.
Wenn EN 12312 keinen entsprechenden Teil für GSE enthält, gibt EN 1915 (alle Teile) allgemeine Anforde-rungen an, die gelten können, auch wenn zusätzliche maschinenspezifische Anforderungen erforderlich sein können, die vom Hersteller festzulegen sind.
Dieser Teil von EN 1915 gilt nicht für fahrzeugtechnische Teile, die für Fahrzeuge freigegeben sind, in der EU und der EFTA, die an GSE entsprechend ihrer konstruktiven Bestimmung unverändert Verwendung finden.
In diesem Teil von EN 1915 sind für folgende Aspekte keine zusätzlichen Festlegungen enthalten:
a)   Betrieb außerhalb des Flughafens;
b)   Betrieb unter erschwerten Bedingungen, z. B. bei Umgebungstemperaturen unter −20 °C oder über 50 °C, in tropischer oder gesättigter Salzatmosphäre oder in starken magnetischen oder Strahlungs-feldern;
c)   Betrieb, der besonderen Regelungen unterliegt, z. B. in potentiell explosionsfähiger Atmosphäre, mit Ausnahme des Betriebs in der Nähe eines Flugzeugtanks beim Betanken;
d)   Gefährdungen aus anderer Energieversorgung als der aus elektrischen Stromnetzen;
e)   Gefährdungen, die während Bau, Transport, Außerbetriebnahme und Demontage von GSE auftreten;
f)   Gefährdungen aus Windgeschwindigkeiten oberhalb der in diesem Dokument angegebenen Werte;
g)   direkter Kontakt mit Nahrungsmitteln;
h)   Erdbeben, Überschwemmungen, Erdrutsche, Blitze und allgemein jede Art von Naturkatastrophen;
i)   elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV);
j)   durch Lärm und Vibration verursachte Gefährdungen, siehe EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 und EN 1915-4:2004+A1:2009.
Obgleich diese Norm einige grundlegende Anforderungen an drahtlose Fernbedienungen angibt, werden zusätzliche Anforderungen erforderlich sein.
Dieser Teil von EN 1915 ist nicht auf GSE anzuwenden, die hergestellt wurden, bevor dieses Dokuments durch CEN veröffentlicht wurde.

Matériels au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences générales - Partie 1 : Exigences fondamentales de sécurité

Le présent document s’applique aux GSE lorsqu’ils sont utilisés dans le transport aérien civil tel qu’indiqué par le fabricant et contient les exigences de sécurité relatives aux matériels en général.
Le présent document spécifie les exigences techniques pour réduire à un minimum les phénomènes dangereux énumérés à l’Article 4 qui peuvent survenir lors de la mise en service, l'exploitation et la maintenance des GSE lorsqu'ils sont utilisés tel que préconisé, y compris toute mauvaise utilisation raisonnablement prévisible par le fabricant, lorsqu'elles sont réalisées selon les spécifications émises par le constructeur ou son représentant autorisé. Il prend également en compte certaines exigences reconnues comme essentielles par les autorités, les constructeurs d’aéronefs et de matériel au sol (GSE, ground support equipment), ainsi que par les compagnies aériennes et les agences de manutention.
Cette partie de l’EN 1915 est destinée à être utilisée conjointement avec l’EN 1915 2:2001+A1:2009, l’EN 1915 3:2004+A1:2009 (pour les GSE autotractés) et l’EN 1915 4:2004+A1:2009, et avec la partie appropriée de l’EN 12312 pour fournir les exigences concernant les types de GSE dans le cadre de l’EN 12312.
Lorsque l’EN 12312 ne contient pas une partie appropriée pour un GSE, l’EN 1915 (toutes les parties) fournit les exigences qui peuvent s’appliquer, bien que des exigences supplémentaires spécifiques aux machines, à déterminer par le fabricant, soient susceptibles d’être requises.
La présente partie de l’EN 1915 ne s’applique pas aux pièces d’origine automobile approuvées pour les véhicules publics dans l'UE et l'EFTA lorsque celles-ci sont utilisées conformément à l’usage pour lequel elles ont été conçues.
La présente partie de l’EN 1915 n’établit pas d’exigences supplémentaires pour :
a)   l’utilisation en dehors d’un environnement aéroportuaire ;
b)   l’utilisation dans des conditions exceptionnelles, par exemple une température ambiante inférieure à -20 °C ou supérieure à 50 °C, un environnement atmosphérique tropical ou salin saturé, un important champ magnétique ou de rayonnement ;
c)   l’utilisation soumise à des règles spécifiques, par exemple une atmosphère potentiellement explosive à l’exception d’une utilisation à proximité du réservoir de carburant d’un aéronef lors de l’avitaillement en carburant ;
d)   les phénomènes dangereux engendrés par une alimentation électrique autre que celle des réseaux électriques ;
e)   les phénomènes dangereux survenant lors de la construction, du transport, de la mise hors service et du désassemblage des GSE ;
f)   les phénomènes dangereux engendrés par une vitesse de vent supérieure aux chiffres fournis dans le présent document ;
g)   le contact direct avec des produits alimentaires ;
h)   les tremblements de terre, les inondations, les glissements de terrain, la foudre et plus généralement, les catastrophes naturelles ;
i)   la compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) ;
j)   les phénomènes dangereux dus au bruit et aux vibrations, voir l’EN 1915 3:2004+A1:2009 et l’EN 1915 4:2004+A1:2009.
Bien que cette norme donne quelques exigences de base pour les commandes à distance sans fil, des exigences supplémentaires seront nécessaires.
La présente partie de l’EN 1915 ne s’applique pas aux GSE fabriqués avant la date de publication du présent document par le CEN.

Podporna oprema na tleh za letalski promet - Splošne zahteve - 1. del: Osnovne varnostne zahteve

General Information

Status
Not Published
Public Enquiry End Date
31-Mar-2021
Technical Committee
Current Stage
5020 - Formal vote (FV) (Adopted Project)
Start Date
21-Mar-2023
Due Date
09-May-2023

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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1915-1:2021
01-marec-2021
Podporna oprema na tleh za letalski promet - Splošne zahteve - 1. del: Osnovne
varnostne zahteve
Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 1: Basic safety
requirements
Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Allgemeine Anforderungen - Teil 1: Grundlegende
Sicherheitsanforderungen
Matériels au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences générales - Partie 1 : Exigences
fondamentales de sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1915-1
ICS:
49.100 Oprema za servis in Ground service and
vzdrževanje na tleh maintenance equipment
oSIST prEN 1915-1:2021 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 1915-1:2021
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oSIST prEN 1915-1:2021
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 1915-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2021
ICS 49.100 Will supersede EN 1915-1:2013
English Version
Aircraft ground support equipment - General
requirements - Part 1: Basic safety requirements

Matériels au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences générales - Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Allgemeine Anforderungen -

Partie 1 : Exigences fondamentales de sécurité Teil 1: Grundlegende Sicherheitsanforderungen

This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee

CEN/TC 274.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other

language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC

Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,

Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and

United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are

aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without

notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1915-1:2021 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 1915-1:2021
prEN 1915-1:2021 (E)
Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 5

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 8

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................. 10

2 Normative references ................................................................................................................................. 11

3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................ 12

4 List of hazards ............................................................................................................................................... 15

5 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures ............................................ 15

5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 15

5.2 Accommodation for driver and other persons .................................................................................. 15

5.2.1 General requirements ................................................................................................................................ 15

5.2.2 Driver accommodation .............................................................................................................................. 15

5.2.3 Accommodation for other persons ........................................................................................................ 16

5.3 Driver's cabin ................................................................................................................................................ 16

5.3.1 Requirements for driver's cabins of GSE ............................................................................................. 16

5.3.2 Additional requirements for fully enclosed driver's cabins with door .................................... 17

5.4 Controls ............................................................................................................................................................ 17

5.4.1 Control device actuators ............................................................................................................................ 17

5.4.2 Safeguards against unauthorised use ................................................................................................... 17

5.4.3 Multiple control positions for movements ......................................................................................... 17

5.4.4 Location of control positions ................................................................................................................... 18

5.4.5 Electrical controls ........................................................................................................................................ 18

5.4.6 Direction of movements ............................................................................................................................ 18

5.5 Safety related parts ..................................................................................................................................... 19

5.6 Monitoring devices and displays ............................................................................................................ 19

5.7 Steering devices ............................................................................................................................................ 19

5.7.1 General requirements ................................................................................................................................ 19

5.7.2 Actuating force requirements ................................................................................................................. 19

5.7.3 Hydraulic steering ....................................................................................................................................... 19

5.7.4 Complex electronic parts of GSE steering systems........................................................................... 20

5.7.5 Hybrid steering ............................................................................................................................................. 20

5.8 Brakes for travelling purposes or equivalent devices .................................................................... 20

5.8.1 Service brake ................................................................................................................................................. 20

5.8.2 Parking brake or equivalent devices .................................................................................................... 20

5.8.3 Complex electronic parts of GSE braking systems ........................................................................... 21

5.9 Wheel assemblies - Centre split rims .................................................................................................... 21

5.10 Touchable surfaces - Exhaust .................................................................................................................. 21

5.10.1 Touchable surfaces ...................................................................................................................................... 21

5.10.2 Exhaust ............................................................................................................................................................. 21

5.11 Lights and reflectors for traffic purposes ............................................................................................ 21

5.11.1 Self-propelled GSE ........................................................................................................................................ 21

5.11.2 Towed GSE ...................................................................................................................................................... 22

5.11.3 Position of lights and reflectors .............................................................................................................. 22

5.12 Warning auditory signals .......................................................................................................................... 22

5.13 Standing areas and walkways on GSE ................................................................................................... 22

5.13.1 General requirements ................................................................................................................................ 22

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5.13.2 Safeguards against falling .......................................................................................................................... 23

5.14 Means of access .............................................................................................................................................. 25

5.15 Crushing and shearing points .................................................................................................................. 25

5.16 Securing of load ............................................................................................................................................. 25

5.17 Moveable bodies, assemblies and attachments ................................................................................. 26

5.17.1 Safeguarding of tilting or lifting bodies ................................................................................................ 26

5.17.2 Assemblies and attachments .................................................................................................................... 26

5.17.3 Safeguarding of moveable attachments ............................................................................................... 26

5.18 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems ......................................................................................................... 26

5.18.1 General requirements ................................................................................................................................. 26

5.18.2 Installation and fittings .............................................................................................................................. 26

5.18.3 Safeguarding against excess pressure .................................................................................................. 26

5.18.4 Covering of hydraulic hose assemblies ................................................................................................. 27

5.18.5 Special requirements for hydraulic systems ...................................................................................... 27

5.19 Stability and strength .................................................................................................................................. 27

5.19.1 General requirements ................................................................................................................................. 27

5.19.2 Stabilizers ........................................................................................................................................................ 27

5.20 Lifting systems ............................................................................................................................................... 27

5.20.1 General requirements ................................................................................................................................. 27

5.20.2 Safety devices ................................................................................................................................................. 28

5.20.3 Emergency lowering devices .................................................................................................................... 28

5.21 Lifting devices ................................................................................................................................................ 28

5.21.1 Lifting device parts ....................................................................................................................................... 28

5.21.2 Lifting devices with mechanical drive, or ropes or chains as lifting elements ....................... 28

5.21.3 Lifting devices with particular requirements .................................................................................... 29

5.22 Lifting/work platforms ............................................................................................................................... 29

5.22.1 Lifting/work platforms with horizontal and vertical movement ............................................... 29

5.22.2 Lifting/work platforms with guided vertical movement only ..................................................... 29

5.23 Operating speeds .......................................................................................................................................... 29

5.23.1 Travelling speed ............................................................................................................................................ 29

5.23.2 Platform movement speed ........................................................................................................................ 29

5.24 Towing couplings, drawbars and towbars .......................................................................................... 30

5.24.1 General requirements ................................................................................................................................. 30

5.24.2 Towbars, drawbars ...................................................................................................................................... 30

5.25 Service connections ..................................................................................................................................... 30

5.26 Electrical design, components and batteries ...................................................................................... 30

5.26.1 Electrical design ............................................................................................................................................ 30

5.26.2 Electrical components ................................................................................................................................. 30

5.26.3 Batteries ........................................................................................................................................................... 31

5.27 Fire protection ............................................................................................................................................... 31

5.28 Lasers ................................................................................................................................................................ 31

6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures ....... 31

6.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 31

6.2 Guard rails ....................................................................................................................................................... 32

6.3 Ladders ............................................................................................................................................................. 33

7 Information for use ...................................................................................................................................... 33

7.1 Marking ............................................................................................................................................................ 33

7.1.1 Data on the name-plate .............................................................................................................................. 33

7.1.2 Additional data .............................................................................................................................................. 33

7.1.3 Safety signs ...................................................................................................................................................... 34

7.1.4 Marking of fluid replenishment points ................................................................................................. 34

7.2 Instructions ..................................................................................................................................................... 34

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Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards ......................................................................................... 36

Annex B (informative) Trilingual list of GSE ................................................................................................... 41

Annex C (normative) Design of service brakes ............................................................................................... 43

C.1 Self-propelled GSE ........................................................................................................................................ 43

C.2 GSE trains ........................................................................................................................................................ 45

Annex D (normative) Footholds ........................................................................................................................... 46

Annex E (informative) Examples of safety measures to reduce the risk of crushing and

shearing under the load carrier when it is not possible to meet the requirements in

5.15 .................................................................................................................................................................... 48

Annex F (informative) Examples for hose and fittings installation ........................................................ 49

F.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 49

F.2 Avoidance of external damage ................................................................................................................ 50

F.3 Reducing bending stress ............................................................................................................................ 51

F.4 Avoidance of torsional stress ................................................................................................................... 51

F.5 Installation aids ............................................................................................................................................ 52

F.6 Protection against external temperature rises ................................................................................. 53

Annex G (normative) Falling hazard symbol .................................................................................................. 54

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential

requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered ..................................................... 55

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 62

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European foreword

This document (prEN 1915-1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 274 “Aircraft

ground support equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1915-1:2013.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC on

machinery.

For relationship with EU Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery, see informative Annex ZA which is an

integral part of this document.

EN 1915, Aircraft ground support equipment ― General requirements, consists of the following parts:

— Part 1: Basic safety requirements (the present document);
— Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods;
— Part 3: Vibration measurement methods and reduction;
— Part 4: Noise measurement methods and reduction.

EN 12312, Aircraft ground support equipment ― Specific requirements, consists of the following parts:

— Part 1: Basic safety requirements (the present document);
— Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods;
— Part 3: Vibration measurement methods and reduction;
— Part 4: Noise measurement methods and reduction.
— Part 1: Passenger stairs;
— Part 2: Catering vehicles;
— Part 3: Conveyor belt vehicles;
— Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges;
— Part 5: Aircraft fuelling equipment;
— Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment;
— Part 7: Air-craft movement equipment;
— Part 8: Maintenance or service stairs and platforms;
— Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders;
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oSIST prEN 1915-1:2021
prEN 1915-1:2021 (E)
— Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters;
— Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load trailers;
— Part 12: Potable water service equipment;
— Part 13: Lavatory service equipment;
— Part 14: Disabled/incapacitated passenger boarding vehicles;
— Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors;
— Part 16: Air start equipment;
— Part 17: Air conditioning equipment;
— Part 18: Nitrogen or Oxygen units;
— Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic tail stanchions;
— Part 20: Electrical ground power units.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are:

a) the Introduction was updated in relation to new terms, stakeholder relevance and other;

b) the Scope was updated;
c) Clause 2, Normative references, was updated;

d) Clause 3, Terms and definitions, was updated, with 3.20 braking ratio being added;

e) Clause 5, Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures, has been revised,

including the following;

f) subclause 5.4, Controls, has been completely revised, with part 5.4.6, Direction of movements, being

added;

g) subclause 5.8, Brakes for travelling purposes or equivalent devices, has been updated with the

addition of part 5.8.3, Complex electronic parts of GSE braking systems, concerning the

requirements of braking systems for GSE > 15 km/h and GSE ≤ 15 km/h;
h) subclause 5.12, Warning auditory signals, was updated;
i) subclause 5.13, Standing areas and walkways of GSE, was updated;

j) subclause 5.14, Means of access, has been revised with the addition of new requirements to ladder

systems;

k) Clause 6, Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures, was

updated;

l) Clause 7, Information for use, was updated in relation to the part Instructions;

m) Annex A, List of significant hazards, was updated;
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n) Annex D, Footholds, was updated and all subclauses except of the subclause, Footholds, were

deleted;
o) the Bibliography was updated.
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oSIST prEN 1915-1:2021
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Introduction

The abbreviation GSE means a complete item of aircraft ground support equipment in the context of

this document.
When compiling this document it was assumed that:
a) GSE is operated only by trained persons on the airport ramp;
b) components without specific requirements are:
1) designed in accordance with good engineering practice and calculation codes;
2) of sound mechanical and electrical construction;
3) made of materials with adequate strength and of suitable quality;
4) made of materials free of defects;
c) materials known to be harmful, such as asbestos, are not used as part of GSE;

d) components are kept in good repair and working order as given in the manufacturer's instructions,

so that the required characteristics remain despite wear;

e) by design of the load bearing elements, a safe operation of the machine is ensured for loading

ranges from zero to 100 % of the rated possibilities and during tests;
f) the particular conditions of use and place of use have been established;
g) the place of operation allows a safe use of GSE;

h) The GSE are designed for the intended use and any reasonable foreseeable misuse.

The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this document.

Enumerations in this document are not to be considered exclusive; they are compiled according to the

present state of the art.

The minimum essential criteria are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe,

economical and usable GSE. Deviations should occur only after careful consideration, extensive testing

and thorough in service evaluation have shown alternative methods or conditions to be satisfactory.

Such deviations are outside the scope of this document and a manufacturer should be able to

demonstrate an equivalent level of protection.
This document is a Type C standard as defined in EN ISO 12100:2010.

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the

market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);

— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.).

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the

above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
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prEN 1915-1:2021 (E)

— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);

— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting

process of this document.

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events

are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.

When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-

B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the

other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this

type-C standard.
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prEN 1915-1:2021 (E)
1 Scope

This document applies to GSE when used in civil air transport as intended by the manufacturer and

contains safety requirements relating to the equipment in general.

This document specifies the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause 4 which

can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of GSE when used as intended

including any reasonably foreseeable misuse by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with

the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative. It also takes into account

some requirements recognized as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment

(GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.

This part of EN 1915 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009,

EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009 (for self-propelled GSE) and EN 1915-4:2004+A1:2009,
...

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