SIST-TP CEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021

Space Engineering - Thermal design handbook - Part 3: Spacecraft Surface Temperature

Factors affecting the equilibrium temperature of a spacecraft surface are described in this Part 3 using simple geometrical configurations and basic assumptions.
Methods for conducting calculations on the affect of Solar, planetary and albedo radiation are given taking into consideration the internal and immediate environmental factors and incorporating the various configurations and dimensions of the constituent parts.
The Thermal design handbook is published in 16 Parts
TR 17603-31-01 Part 1
Thermal design handbook – Part 1: View factors
TR 17603-31-01 Part 2
Thermal design handbook – Part 2: Holes, Grooves and Cavities
TR 17603-31-01 Part 3
Thermal design handbook – Part 3: Spacecraft Surface Temperature
TR 17603-31-01 Part 4
Thermal design handbook – Part 4: Conductive Heat Transfer
TR 17603-31-01 Part 5
Thermal design handbook – Part 5: Structural Materials: Metallic and Composite
TR 17603-31-01 Part 6
Thermal design handbook – Part 6: Thermal Control Surfaces
TR 17603-31-01 Part 7
Thermal design handbook – Part 7: Insulations
TR 17603-31-01 Part 8
Thermal design handbook – Part 8: Heat Pipes
TR 17603-31-01 Part 9
Thermal design handbook – Part 9: Radiators
TR 17603-31-01 Part 10
Thermal design handbook – Part 10: Phase – Change Capacitors
TR 17603-31-01 Part 11
Thermal design handbook – Part 11: Electrical Heating
TR 17603-31-01 Part 12
Thermal design handbook – Part 12: Louvers
TR 17603-31-01 Part 13
Thermal design handbook – Part 13: Fluid Loops
TR 17603-31-01 Part 14
Thermal design handbook – Part 14: Cryogenic Cooling
TR 17603-31-01 Part 15
Thermal design handbook – Part 15: Existing Satellites
TR 17603-31-01 Part 16
Thermal design handbook – Part 16: Thermal Protection System

Raumfahrttechnik - Handbuch für thermisches Design - Teil 3: Oberflächentemperatur von Raumfahrzeugen

Ingénierie spatiale - Manuel de conception thermique - Partie 3: Température de surface des véhicules spatiaux

Vesoljska tehnika - Priročnik o toplotni zasnovi - 3. del: Površinska temperatura vesoljskih plovil

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 12-May-2021
• Publication Date: 19-Aug-2021
• ICS: 49.140 - Space systems and operations
• Technical Committee: I13 - Imaginarni 13
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 16-Aug-2021
• Due Date: 21-Oct-2021
• Completion Date: 20-Aug-2021
• Mandate: M/496 - Mandate addressed to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI to develop standardisation regarding space industry (Phase 3 of the process)
• Ref Project: CEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021 - Space Engineering - Thermal design handbook - Part 3: Spacecraft Surface Temperature

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021
01-oktober-2021
Vesoljska tehnika - Priročnik o toplotni zasnovi - 3. del: Površinska temperatura
vesoljskih plovil
Space Engineering - Thermal design handbook - Part 3: Spacecraft Surface Temperature
Raumfahrttechnik - Handbuch für thermisches Design - Teil 3: Oberflächentemperatur
von Raumfahrzeugen
Ingénierie spatiale - Manuel de conception thermique - Partie 3: Température de surface
des véhicules spatiaux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021
ICS:
49.140 Vesoljski sistemi in operacije Space systems and
operations
SIST-TP CEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TP CEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021

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SIST-TP CEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021


TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-
03
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE

TECHNISCHER BERICHT

August 2021
ICS 49.140

English version

Space Engineering - Thermal design handbook - Part 3:
Spacecraft Surface Temperature
Ingénierie spatiale - Manuel de conception thermique - Raumfahrttechnik - Handbuch für thermisches Design -
Partie 3 : Température de surface des véhicules Teil 3: von Oberflächen auf Raumfahrzeugen
spatiaux


This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 14 June 2021. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/CLC/JTC 5.

CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
























CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. CEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.

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Table of contents
European Foreword . 10
1 Scope . 11
2 References . 12
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 13
3.1 Terms and definitions . 13
3.2 Symbols . 13
4 Solar radiation . 15
4.1 General . 15
4.2 Infinitely conductive planar surfaces . 19
4.2.1 Flat plate emitting on one or both sides . 19
4.3 Infinitely conductive spherical surfaces . 21
4.3.1 Sphere . 21
4.4 Infinitely conductive cylindrical surfaces . 22
4.4.1 Two-dimensional circular cylinder . 22
4.4.2 Three-dimensional circular cylinder . 23
4.5 Infinitely conductive conical surfaces . 25
4.5.1 Semi-infinite circular cone . 25
4.5.2 Finite circular cone with insulated base. (axial configuration) . 27
4.5.3 Finite height circular cone . 29
4.6 Infinitely conductive cylindrical-conical surfaces . 31
4.6.1 Cone-cylinder-cone . 31
4.7 Infinitely conductive prismatic surfaces . 49
4.7.1 Prism with an n-sided regular polygonal section . 49
4.8 Infinitely conductive pyramidal surfaces . 60
4.8.1 Pyramid with an n-sided regular polygonal section . 60
4.9 Infinitely conductive prismatic-pyramidal surfaces. 70
4.9.1.1 Pyramid-prism-pyramid with an n-sided regular polygonal . 70
4.10 Thin-walled spherical bodies. Finite conductivity . 80
4.10.1 Non-spinning sphere . 80
2

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4.10.2 Non-spinning sphere. Including internal radiation . 82
4.11 Thin-walled cylindrical bodies. Finite conductivity. . 83
4.11.1 Non-spinning two-dimensional circular cylinder . 83
4.11.2 Spinning two-dimensional circular cylinder . 85
4.11.3 Circular cylinder. solar radiation parallel to axis of symmetry . 89
4.11.4 Cylindrical surface of rectangular cross section. Solar radiation
normal to face . 90
4.12 Thin-walled conical bodies. Conductivity . 95
4.12.1 Non-spinning cone . 95
5 Planetary radiation . 99
5.1 General . 99
5.2 Infinitely conductive planar surfaces . 104
5.2.1 Flat plate absorbing and emitting on one side . 104
5.3 Infinitely conductive spherical surfaces . 105
5.3.1 Sphere . 105
5.3.2 Hemispherical surface absorbing and emitting on outer face . 106
5.4 Infinitely conductive cylindrical surfaces . 108
5.4.1 Circular cylinder with insulated bases. 108
5.4.2 Finite height circular cylinder . 109
5.5 Infinitely conductive conical surfaces . 119
5.5.1 Circular cone with insulated base . 119
5.5.2 Finite height circular cone . 122
6 Albedo radiation . 125
6.1 General . 125
6.2 Infinitely conductive planar surfaces . 130
6.2.1 Flat plate absorbing and emitting on one side . 130
6.3 Infinitely conductive spherical surfaces . 135
6.3.1 Sphere . 135
6.4 Infinitely conductive cylindrical surfaces . 139
6.4.1 Circular cylinder with insulated bases. 139
Bibliography . 144

Figures
1/4
Figure 4-1: The function T (A /A ) vs. the distance to the Sun. Calculated by the
R E I
compiler. . 16
1/4
Figure 4-2: The function TR(AE/AI) vs. the optical characteristics of the surface.
Shaded zone of a is enlarged in b. Calculated by the compiler. . 17
3

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Figure 4-3: Temperature TR as a function of αs / ε and AI/AE for d = 1 AU. Shaded zone
of a is enlarged in b. Calculated by the compiler. . 18
1/4
Figure 4-4: Ration (A /A ) as a function of γ, in the case of a flat plate. Calculated by
I E
the compiler. . 20
1/4
Figure 4-5: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and H/R, in the case of a finite height
I E
circular cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 24
1/4
Figure 4-6: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of δ, in the case of a semi-infinite circular cone.
I E
Calculated by the compiler. . 26
1/4
Figure 4-7: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of δ, in the case of a finite circular cone with
I E
insulated base (axial configuration). Calculated by the compiler. . 28
1/4
Figure 4-8: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ, in the case of a finite height cone.
I E
Calculated by the compiler. . 30
1/4
Figure 4-9: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-cone.
I E
Calculated by the compiler. . 32
1/4
Figure 4-10: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 33
1/4
Figure 4-11: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 34
1/4
Figure 4-12: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 35
1/4
Figure 4-13: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 36
1/4
Figure 4-14: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 37
1/4
Figure 4-15: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 38
1/4
Figure 4-16: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 39
1/4
Figure 4-17: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 40
1/4
Figure 4-18: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 41
1/4
Figure 4-19: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 42
1/4
Figure 4-20: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and δ , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 43
1/4
Figure 4-21: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ for any value of Η/R, in the case of a
I E
cone-cylinder-cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 44
1/4
Figure 4-22: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and Η/R, in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 45
1/4
Figure 4-23: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and Η/R, in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 46
4

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1/4
Figure 4-24: Ratio (AI/AE) as a function of γ and Η/R, in the case of a cone-cylinder-
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 47
1/4
Figure 4-25: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of γ and Η/R, in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 48
1/4
Figure 4-26: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 50
1/4
Figure 4-27: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 51
1/4
Figure 4-28: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 52
1/4
Figure 4-29: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 53
1/4
Figure 4-30: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 54
1/4
Figure 4-31: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 55
1/4
Figure 4-32: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 56
1/4
Figure 4-33: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 57
1/4
Figure 4-34: Ratio (AI/AE) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 58
1/4
Figure 4-35: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤ 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 59
1/4
Figure 4-36: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 61
1/4
Figure 4-37: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 62
5

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1/4
Figure 4-38: Ratio (AI/AE) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 63
1/4
Figure 4-39: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 64
1/4
Figure 4-40: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 65
1/4
Figure 4-41: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 66
1/4
Figure 4-42: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 67
1/4
Figure 4-43: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 68
1/4
Figure 4-44: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 69
1/4
Figure 4-45: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = ∞. Calculated by the compiler. . 70
1/4
Figure 4-46: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 71
1/4
Figure 4-47: Ratio (AI/AE) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤
1 are also plotted in the previous figure. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 72
1/4
Figure 4-48: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 73
1/4
Figure 4-49: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤
1 are also plotted in the previous figure. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 74
6

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1/4
Figure 4-50: Ratio (AI/AE) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 75
1/4
Figure 4-51: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤
1 are also plotted in the previous figure. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 76
1/4
Figure 4-52: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 77
1/4
Figure 4-53: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. The values corresponding to Η/R ≤
1 are also plotted in the previous figure. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 78
1/4
Figure 4-54: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 79
1/4
Figure 4-55: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of Η/R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = ∞.
Calculated by the compiler. . 80
Figure 4-56: Temperature distribution on sphere. No spin. No internal radiation.
Calculated by the compiler. . 81
Figure 4-57: Temperature distribution on sphere including internal radiation. No spin.
Calculated by the compiler. . 83
Figure 4-58: Temperature distribution on a two-dimensional cylinder. No spin. No
internal radiation. Calculated by the compiler. . 85
Figure 4-59: Temperature distribution on a two - dimensional spinning cylinder for
several µ an γ values. No internal radiation. Calculated by the compiler. . 87
Figure 4-60: Temperature distribution on a two - dimensional spinning cylinder for
several µ an γ values. No internal radiation. Calculated by the compiler. . 88
Figure 4-61: Temperature distribution on cylinder. No spin. No internal radiation. From
Nichols (1961) [11]. . 90
Figure 4-62: Temperature distribution on a cylindrical surface whose cross section is a
rectangle of aspect - ratio λ = 0,5. No internal radiation. Calculated by the
compiler. . 92
Figure 4-63: Temperature distribution on a cylindrical surface whose cross section is a
rectangle on aspect - ration λ = 1. No internal radiation. Calculated by the
compiler. . 93
Figure 4-64: Temperature distribution on a cylindrical surface whose cross section is a
rectangle on aspect - ration λ = 2. No internal radiation. Calculated by the
compiler. . 94
7

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Figure 4-65: Temperature distribution on cone. No spin. No internal radiation. From
Nichols (1961) [11]. . 96
Figure 4-66: Temperature distribution on cone. No spin. No internal radiation. From
Nichols (1961) [11]. . 97
Figure 4-67: Temperature distribution on cone. No spin. No internal radiation. From
Nichols (1961) [11]. . 98
Figure 5-1: The ratio Τ T vs. the optical characteristics of the surface for different
RP / P
values of F . Shaded zone of a is enlarged in b. Calculated by the
SP
compiler. . 101
Figure 5-2: Radiation equilibrium temperature Τ vs. ratio Τ T . Incoming radiation
RP RP / P
from different planets. After NASA - SP - 3051 (1965). . 102
Figure 5-3: Different estimates of radiation equilibrium temperature Τ vs. Τ T , for
RP RP / P
radiation from the Earth. Plotted from data by Johnson (1965) [9]. . 103
Figure 5-4: F as a function of λ and h / R in the case of a flat plate absorbing and
SP P
emitting on one side. Calculated by the compiler. . 105
Figure 5-5: F as a function of h / R in the case of a sphere. Calculated by the
SP P
compiler. . 106
Figure 5-6: F as a function of λ and h / R in the case of a hemispherical surface
SΡ P
absorbing and emitting on outer face. Calculated by the compiler. . 107
Figure 5-7: F as a function of λ and h / R in the case of a circular cylinder with
SΡ P
insulated bases. Calculated by the compiler. . 109
Figure 5-8: F as a function of λ and h / R in the case of a finite height circular
SΡ P
cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 110
Figure 5-9: F as a function of λ and h / R in the case of a finite height circular
SΡ P
cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 111
Figure 5-10: F as a function of λ and h / R in the case of a finite height circular
SΡ P
cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 112
Figure 5-11: F as a function of λ and h / R in the case of a finite height circular
SΡ P
cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 113
Figure 5-12: F as a function of λ and h / R in the case of a finite height circular
SΡ P
cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 114
Figure 5-13: F as a function of λ and h / R in the case of a finite height circular
SΡ P
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST-TP FprCEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021
01-maj-2021
Vesoljska tehnika - Priročnik za toplotno zasnovo - 3. del: Površinska temperatura
vesoljskih plovil
Space Engineering - Thermal design handbook - Part 3: Spacecraft Surface Temperature
Raumfahrttechnik - Handbuch für thermisches Design - Teil 3: Oberflächentemperatur
von Raumfahrzeugen
Ingénierie spatiale - Manuel de conception thermique - Partie 3: Température de surface
des véhicules spatiaux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03
ICS:
49.140 Vesoljski sistemi in operacije Space systems and
operations
kSIST-TP FprCEN/CLC/TR 17603-31- en,fr,de
03:2021
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021


TECHNICAL REPORT
FINAL DRAFT
FprCEN/CLC/TR 17603-
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
31-03
TECHNISCHER BERICHT


February 2021
ICS 49.140

English version

Space Engineering - Thermal design handbook - Part 3:
Spacecraft Surface Temperature
Ingénierie spatiale - Manuel de conception thermique - Raumfahrttechnik - Handbuch für thermisches Design -
Partie 3: Température de surface des véhicules Teil 3: Oberflächentemperatur von Raumfahrzeugen
spatiaux


This draft Technical Report is submitted to CEN members for Vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/CLC/JTC 5.

CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a Technical Report. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a Technical Report.



















CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. FprCEN/CLC/TR 17603-31-03:2021 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.

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Table of contents
European Foreword . 10
1 Scope . 11
2 References . 12
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 13
3.1 Terms and definitions . 13
3.2 Symbols . 13
4 Solar radiation . 15
4.1 General . 15
4.2 Infinitely conductive planar surfaces . 19
4.2.1 Flat plate emitting on one or both sides . 19
4.3 Infinitely conductive spherical surfaces . 21
4.3.1 Sphere . 21
4.4 Infinitely conductive cylindrical surfaces . 22
4.4.1 Two-dimensional circular cylinder . 22
4.4.2 Three-dimensional circular cylinder . 23
4.5 Infinitely conductive conical surfaces . 25
4.5.1 Semi-infinite circular cone . 25
4.5.2 Finite circular cone with insulated base. (axial configuration) . 27
4.5.3 Finite height circular cone . 29
4.6 Infinitely conductive cylindrical-conical surfaces . 31
4.6.1 Cone-cylinder-cone . 31
4.7 Infinitely conductive prismatic surfaces . 49
4.7.1 Prism with an n-sided regular polygonal section . 49
4.8 Infinitely conductive pyramidal surfaces . 60
4.8.1 Pyramid with an n-sided regular polygonal section . 60
4.9 Infinitely conductive prismatic-pyramidal surfaces. 70
4.9.1.1 Pyramid-prism-pyramid with an n-sided regular polygonal . 70
4.10 Thin-walled spherical bodies. Finite conductivity . 80
4.10.1 Non-spinning sphere . 80
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4.10.2 Non-spinning sphere. Including internal radiation . 82
4.11 Thin-walled cylindrical bodies. Finite conductivity. . 83
4.11.1 Non-spinning two-dimensional circular cylinder . 83
4.11.2 Spinning two-dimensional circular cylinder . 85
4.11.3 Circular cylinder. solar radiation parallel to axis of symmetry . 88
4.11.4 Cylindrical surface of rectangular cross section. Solar radiation
normal to face . 89
4.12 Thin-walled conical bodies. Conductivity . 94
4.12.1 Non-spinning cone . 94
5 Planetary radiation . 98
5.1 General . 98
5.2 Infinitely conductive planar surfaces . 103
5.2.1 Flat plate absorbing and emitting on one side . 103
5.3 Infinitely conductive spherical surfaces . 104
5.3.1 Sphere . 104
5.3.2 Hemispherical surface absorbing and emitting on outer face . 105
5.4 Infinitely conductive cylindrical surfaces . 107
5.4.1 Circular cylinder with insulated bases. 107
5.4.2 Finite height circular cylinder . 108
5.5 Infinitely conductive conical surfaces . 118
5.5.1 Circular cone with insulated base . 118
5.5.2 Finite height circular cone . 121
6 Albedo radiation . 124
6.1 General . 124
6.2 Infinitely conductive planar surfaces . 129
6.2.1 Flat plate absorbing and emitting on one side . 129
6.3 Infinitely conductive spherical surfaces . 134
6.3.1 Sphere . 134
6.4 Infinitely conductive cylindrical surfaces . 138
6.4.1 Circular cylinder with insulated bases. 138
Bibliography . 143

Figures
1/4
Figure 4-1: The function T (A /A ) vs. the distance to the Sun. Calculated by the
R E I
compiler. . 16
1/4
Figure 4-2: The function T (A /A ) vs. the optical characteristics of the surface.
R E I
Shaded zone of a is enlarged in b. Calculated by the compiler. . 17
3

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Figure 4-3: Temperature T as a function of  /  and A /A for d = 1 AU. Shaded zone
R s I E
of a is enlarged in b. Calculated by the compiler. . 18
1/4
Figure 4-4: Ration (A /A ) as a function of , in the case of a flat plate. Calculated by
I E
the compiler. . 20
1/4
Figure 4-5: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and H/R, in the case of a finite height
I E
circular cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 24
1/4
Figure 4-6: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of , in the case of a semi-infinite circular cone.
I E
Calculated by the compiler. . 26
1/4
Figure 4-7: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of , in the case of a finite circular cone with
I E
insulated base (axial configuration). Calculated by the compiler. . 28
1/4
Figure 4-8: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and , in the case of a finite height cone.
I E
Calculated by the compiler. . 30
1/4
Figure 4-9: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-cone.
I E
Calculated by the compiler. . 32
1/4
Figure 4-10: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 33
1/4
Figure 4-11: Ratio (AI/AE) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 34
1/4
Figure 4-12: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 35
1/4
Figure 4-13: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 36
1/4
Figure 4-14: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 37
1/4
Figure 4-15: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 38
1/4
Figure 4-16: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 39
1/4
Figure 4-17: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 40
1/4
Figure 4-18: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 41
1/4
Figure 4-19: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 42
1/4
Figure 4-20: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and  , in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 43
1/4
Figure 4-21: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  for any value of /R, in the case of a
I E
cone-cylinder-cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 44
1/4
Figure 4-22: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and /R, in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 45
1/4
Figure 4-23: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and /R, in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 46
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1/4
Figure 4-24: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and /R, in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 47
1/4
Figure 4-25: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of  and /R, in the case of a cone-cylinder-
I E
cone. Calculated by the compiler. . 48
1/4
Figure 4-26: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 50
1/4
Figure 4-27: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 51
1/4
Figure 4-28: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 52
1/4
Figure 4-29: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 53
1/4
Figure 4-30: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 54
1/4
Figure 4-31: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 55
1/4
Figure 4-32: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 56
1/4
Figure 4-33: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 57
1/4
Figure 4-34: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 58
1/4
Figure 4-35: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a prism. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R  1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cylinder, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 59
1/4
Figure 4-36: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 61
1/4
Figure 4-37: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 62
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1/4
Figure 4-38: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 63
1/4
Figure 4-39: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 64
1/4
Figure 4-40: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 65
1/4
Figure 4-41: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 66
1/4
Figure 4-42: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 67
1/4
Figure 4-43: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 68
1/4
Figure 4-44: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 69
1/4
Figure 4-45: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid. The curves
I E
plotted are those corresponding to the largest and smallest areas projected
from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 1 are also plotted in the
previous figure. Circular cone, n = . Calculated by the compiler. . 70
1/4
Figure 4-46: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 71
1/4
Figure 4-47: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 
1 are also plotted in the previous figure. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 72
1/4
Figure 4-48: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 73
1/4
Figure 4-49: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 
1 are also plotted in the previous figure. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 74
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1/4
Figure 4-50: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 75
1/4
Figure 4-51: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 
1 are also plotted in the previous figure. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 76
1/4
Figure 4-52: Ratio (AI/AE) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 77
1/4
Figure 4-53: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. The values corresponding to /R 
1 are also plotted in the previous figure. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 78
1/4
Figure 4-54: Ratio (AI/AE) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 79
1/4
Figure 4-55: Ratio (A /A ) as a function of /R, in the case of a pyramid - prism -
I E
pyramid. The curves plotted are those corresponding to the largest and
smallest areas projected from the Sun. Cone - cylinder - cone, n = .
Calculated by the compiler. . 80
Figure 4-56: Temperature distribution on sphere. No spin. No internal radiation.
Calculated by the compiler. . 81
Figure 4-57: Temperature distribution on sphere including internal radiation. No spin.
Calculated by the compiler. . 83
Figure 4-58: Temperature distribution on a two-dimensional cylinder. No spin. No
internal radiation. Calculated by the compiler. . 85
Figure 4-59: Temperature distribution on a two - dimensional spinning cylinder for
several  an  values. No internal radiation. Calculated by the compiler. . 86
Figure 4-60: Temperature distribution on a two - dimensional spinning cylinder for
several  an  values. No internal radiation. Calculated by the compiler. . 87
Figure 4-61: Temperature distribution on cylinder. No spin. No internal radiation. From
Nichols (1961) [11]. . 89
Figure 4-62: Temperature distribution on a cylindrical surface whose cross section is a
rectangle of aspect - ratio  = 0,5. No internal radiation. Calculated by the
compiler. . 91
Figure 4-63: Temperature distribution on a cylindrical surface whose cross section is a
rectangle on aspect - ration  = 1. No internal radiation. Calculated by the
compiler. . 92
Figure 4-64: Temperature distribution on a cylindrical surface whose cross section is a
rectangle on aspect - ration  = 2. No internal radiation. Calculated by the
compiler. . 93
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Figure 4-65: Temperature distribution on cone. No spin. No internal radiation. From
Nichols (1961) [11]. . 95
Figure 4-66: Temperature distribution on cone. No spin. No internal radiation. From
Nichols (1961) [11]. . 96
Figure 4-67: Temperature distribution on cone. No spin. No internal radiation. From
Nichols (1961) [11]. . 97
Figure 5-1: The ratio  T vs. the optical characteristics of the surface for different
RP / P
values of F . Shaded zone of a is enlarged in b. Calculated by the
SP
compiler. . 100
Figure 5-2: Radiation equilibrium temperature  vs. ratio  T . Incoming radiation
RP RP / P
from different planets. After NASA - SP - 3051 (1965). . 101
Figure 5-3: Different estimates of radiation equilibrium temperature  vs.  T , for
RP RP / P
radiation from the Earth. Plotted from data by Johnson (1965) [9]. . 102
Figure 5-4: F as a function of and h / R in the case of a flat plate absorbing and
SP P
emitting on one side. Calculated by the compiler. . 104
Figure 5-5: F as a function of h / R in the case of a sphere. Calculated by the
SP P
compiler. . 105
Figure 5-6: F as a function of and h / R in the case of a hemispherical surface
S P
absorbing and emitting on outer face. Calculated by the compiler. . 106
Figure 5-7: F as a function of and h / R in the case of a circular cylinder with
S P
insulated bases. Calculated by the compiler. . 108
Figure 5-8: F as a function of and h / R in the case of a finite height circular
S P
cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 109
Figure 5-9: F as a function of and h / R in the case of a finite height circular
S P
cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 110
Figure 5-10: F as a function of and h / R in the case of a finite height circular
S P
cylinder. Calculated by the compiler. . 111
F
...