SIST EN 13205-4:2014
(Main)Workplace exposure - Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne particle concentrations - Part 4: Laboratory performance test based on comparison of concentrations
Workplace exposure - Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne particle concentrations - Part 4: Laboratory performance test based on comparison of concentrations
EN 13205-4 specifies a method for testing aerosol samplers based on comparison of concentrations under prescribed laboratory conditions in order to verify whether the performance of a candidate sampler fulfils the requirements of EN 13205-1:2014 This part of EN 13205 is applicable to all samplers used for the health-related sampling of particles in workplace air.
Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Bewertung der Leistungsfähigkeit von Sammlern für die Messsung der Konzentration luftgetragener Partikel - Teil 4: Laborprüfung der Leistungsfähigkeit basierend auf dem Vergleich der Konzentrationen
Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Verfahren zur Prüfung von Aerosolsammlern auf der Grundlage eines Vergleichs von Konzentrationen unter vorgeschriebenen Laborbedingungen fest, um zu prüfen, ob die Leistungsfähigkeit eines zu prüfenden Sammlers die Anforderungen nach EN 13205 1:2014 erfüllt.
Dieser Teil von EN 13205 gilt für alle Sammler, die für die gesundheitsbezogene Probenahme von Partikeln aus der Luft am Arbeitsplatz eingesetzt werden.
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Évaluation des performances des dispositifs de prélèvement pour la mesure des concentrations de particules en suspension dans l'air - Partie 4: Essai de performances en laboratoire par comparaison des concentrations
La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode pour soumettre à essai des dispositifs de prélèvement d'aérosols en se fondant sur la comparaison de concentrations dans des conditions de laboratoire prescrites, afin de vérifier si la performance d'un dispositif de prélèvement à évaluer satisfait aux exigences de l’EN 13205-1:2014.
La présente partie de l'EN 13205 s'applique à tous les dispositifs de prélèvement utilisés pour le prélèvement, à des fins sanitaires, des particules présentes sur les lieux de travail.
Izpostavljenost na delovnem mestu - Ocenjevanje lastnosti merilnikov za merjenje koncentracij lebdečih delcev - 4. del: Preskušanje usposobljenosti laboratorija na podlagi primerjave koncentracij
Standard EN 13205-4 določa metodo za preskušanje merilnikov aerosolov, ki temelji na primerjavi koncentracij pod določenimi laboratorijskimi pogoji, da se preveri, ali delovanje merilnika kandidata izpolnjuje zahteve iz standarda EN 13205-1:2014. Ta del standarda EN 13205 velja za vse merilnike, ki se uporabljajo za vzorčenje delcev v zraku, ki vplivajo na zdravje na delovnem mestu.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Bewertung der Leistungsfähigkeit von Sammlern für die Messsung der Konzentration luftgetragener Partikel - Teil 4: Laborprüfung der Leistungsfähigkeit basierend auf dem Vergleich der KonzentrationenExposition sur les lieux de travail - Évaluation des performances des dispositifs de prélèvement pour la mesure des concentrations de particules en suspension dans l'air - Partie 4: Essai de performances en laboratoire par comparaison des concentrationsWorkplace exposure - Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne particle concentrations - Part 4: Laboratory performance test based on comparison of concentrations13.040.30Kakovost zraka na delovnem mestuWorkplace atmospheresICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13205-4:2014SIST EN 13205-4:2014en,fr,de01-september-2014SIST EN 13205-4:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13205:20021DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13205-4:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13205-4
June 2014 ICS 13.040.30 Supersedes EN 13205:2001English Version
Workplace exposure - Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne particle concentrations - Part 4: Laboratory performance test based on comparison of concentrations
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Évaluation des performances des dispositifs de prélèvement pour la mesure des concentrations de particules en suspension dans l'air - Partie 4: Essai de performances en laboratoire par comparaison des concentrations
Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Beurteilung der Leistungsfähigkeit von Sammlern für die Messung der Konzentration luftgetragener Partikel - Teil 4: Laborprüfung der Leistungsfähigkeit basierend auf dem Vergleich der Konzentrationen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 May 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13205-4:2014 ESIST EN 13205-4:2014
EN 13205-4:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page
Foreword . 4
Introduction . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 6 4.1 Symbols . 6 4.1.1 Latin . 6 4.1.2 Greek . 8 4.2 Enumerating subscripts . 8 4.3 Abbreviations . 8 5 Principle . 9 6 Test method . 9 6.1 General . 9 6.2 Test conditions . 9 6.3 Test variables . 10 6.3.1 General . 10 6.3.2 Particle size . 11 6.3.3 Wind speed . 12 6.3.4 Wind direction . 12 6.3.5 Aerosol composition . 12 6.3.6 Collected mass or internally separated mass . 12 6.3.7 Specimen variability . 12 6.3.8 Excursion from the nominal flow rate . 12 7 Experimental requirements . 13 8 Calculation of sampler bias and expanded uncertainty . 14 8.1 Sampler bias . 14 8.2 Correction factor . 15 8.3 Sources of uncertainty (of measurement) . 15 8.3.1 Principle . 15 8.3.2 Test aerosol concentration, as determined using the validated sampler(s) . 15 8.3.3 Validated sampler . 16 8.3.4 Candidate sampler bias . 16 8.3.5 Individual candidate sampler variability . 17 8.3.6 Excursion from the nominal flow rate . 17 8.4 Combined standard uncertainty . 19 8.4.1 General . 19 8.4.2 Candidate sampler without any coupling between the flow rate and internal penetration . 19 8.4.3 Candidate sampler with a coupling between the flow rate and internal penetration . 20 8.4.4 Combined uncertainty per influence variable value . 20 8.4.5 Distinction between different values of the influence variables . 21 8.4.6 Non-distinction between different values of the influence variables . 21 8.5 Expanded uncertainty . 22 9 Test report . 22 9.1 General . 22 SIST EN 13205-4:2014
EN 13205-4:2014 (E) 3 9.2 Testing laboratory details and sponsoring organisation . 23 9.3 Description of the candidate sampler and validated sampler . 23 9.4 Critical review of sampling process . 23 9.5 Test facilities . 23 9.6 Details of experimental design . 24 9.7 Presentation of experimental results . 24 9.8 Data analysis . 24 9.9 Candidate sampler performance . 24 9.10 Summary and information for the user of the sampler . 25 Bibliography . 26
SIST EN 13205-4:2014
EN 13205-4:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13205-4:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 137 “Assessment of workplace exposure to chemical and biological agents”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2014 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document together with EN 13205-1, EN 13205-2, CEN/TR 13205-3, EN 13205-5 and EN 13205-6 supersedes EN 13205:2001. EN 13205, Workplace exposure – Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne particle concentrations, consists of the following parts: — Part 1: General requirements; — Part 2: Laboratory performance test based on determination of sampling efficiency; — Part 3: Analysis of sampling efficiency data [Technical Report]; — Part 4: Laboratory performance test based on comparison of concentrations (the present document); — Part 5: Aerosol sampler performance test and sampler comparison carried out at workplaces; — Part 6: Transport and handling tests. Significant technical changes from the previous edition, EN 13205:2001: — This part of EN 13205 is based on Annex B of the previous edition, EN 13205:2001. — The scope has been limited to aerosol samplers, and the current version of the standard is not (directly) applicable to other types of aerosol instruments. — As this is now a standard in its own right, a clause on the used symbols has been added. All definitions are now given either in EN 1540, Workplace exposure — Terminology or in Part 1 or Part 2 of this standard. — The method of calculating the uncertainty of a sampler or a measuring procedure has been revised in order to comply with ENV 13005. The concept of “accuracy” is no longer used, instead the concept of “expanded uncertainty” is used. — The five major sources of uncertainty due to aspects of the sampling performance of an aerosol sampler (calibration of sampler test system, estimation of sampled concentration, bias relative to the sampling convention, individual sampler variability and excursion from nominal flow rate) are described with equations on how to incorporate these uncertainties into the expanded uncertainty of a sampler. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13205-4:2014
EN 13205-4:2014 (E) 5 Introduction EN 481 defines sampling conventions for the particle size fractions to be collected from workplace atmospheres in order to assess their impact on human health. Conventions are defined for the inhalable, thoracic and respirable aerosol fractions. These conventions represent target specifications for aerosol samplers, giving the ideal sampling efficiency as a function of particle aerodynamic diameter. In general, the sampling efficiency of real aerosol samplers will deviate from the target specification, and the aerosol mass collected will therefore differ from that which an ideal sampler would collect. In addition, the behaviour of real samplers is influenced by many factors such as external wind speed. In many cases there is an interaction between the influence factors and fraction of the airborne particle size distribution of the environment in which the sampler is used. The laboratory performance test for samplers for the inhalable, thoracic or respirable aerosol fractions described in this document is based on a comparison of concentrations sampled from three laboratory test atmospheres by a candidate sampler and a (previously) validated sampler. EN 13205 (all parts) enables manufacturers and users of aerosol samplers to adopt a consistent approach to sampler validation, and provide a framework for the assessment of sampler performance with respect to EN 481 and EN 482. It is the responsibility of the manufacturer of aerosol samplers to inform the user of the sampler performance under the laboratory conditions1) specified in this part of EN 13205. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the actual conditions of intended use are within what the manufacturer specifies as acceptable conditions according to the performance test.
1) The inhalable convention is undefined for particle sizes in excess of 100 µm or for wind speeds greater than 4 m/s. The tests required to assess performance are therefore limited to these conditions. Should such large particle sizes or wind speeds actually exist at the time of sampling, it is possible that different samplers meeting this part of EN 13205 give different results. SIST EN 13205-4:2014
EN 13205-4:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for testing aerosol samplers based on comparison of concentrations under prescribed laboratory conditions in order to verify whether the performance of a candidate sampler fulfils the requirements of EN 13205-1:2014 This part of EN 13205 is applicable to all samplers used for the health-related sampling of particles in workplace air. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 481, Workplace atmospheres - Size fraction definitions for measurement of airborne particles EN 1540, Workplace exposure - Terminology EN 13205-1:2014, Workplace exposure — Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne particle concentrations — Part 1: General requirements EN 13205-2:2014, Workplace exposure — Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne particle concentrations — Part 2: Laboratory performance test based on determination of sampling efficiency EN ISO 13137, Workplace atmospheres - Pumps for personal sampling of chemical and biological agents - Requirements and test methods (ISO 13137) 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1540, EN 13205-1:2014 and EN 13205-2:2014 apply. NOTE With regard to EN 1540, in particular, the following terms are used in this document: total airborne particles, respirable fraction, sampling efficiency, static sampler, thoracic fraction, inhalable fraction, measuring procedure, non-random uncertainty, random uncertainty, expanded uncertainty, standard uncertainty, combined standard uncertainty, uncertainty (of measurement), coverage factor, precision and analysis. 4 Symbols and abbreviations 4.1 Symbols 4.1.1 Latin c candidate sampler correction factor for bias correction, either prescribed by sampler manufacturer or measuring procedure, or assigned the value c = 1.00, [-]
NAi number of test aerosols for influence variable valueςi
NIV number of values for the other influence variables at which tests were performed SIST EN 13205-4:2014
EN 13205-4:2014 (E) 7
NQ0iar number of candidate samplers operating at the nominal flow rate at repeat r for test aerosol a at influence variable value ςi
NQ+iar number of candidate samplers operating at the higher flow rate at repeat r for test aerosol a at influence variable value ςi
NQ-iar number of candidate samplers operating at the lower flow rate at repeat r for test aerosol a at influence variable value ςi
NValid number of reference samplers (validated samplers) used per repeat experiment
NRepia number of repeats per sampler individual for test aerosol a at influence variable value ςi
NSiar number of candidate samplers used per experiment at repeat r for test aerosol a at influence variable value ςi
NSrtl number of candidate samplers used (in the experiment to determine any dependence on sampled mass or internally separated mass) with partial sampling period l in run r for sampling time t
Q0 nominal flow rate of sampler, [l/min]
Q+ higher flow rate used for the candidate sampler in the performance test for the effect of flow excursions, [l/min]
Q- lower flow rate used for the candidate sampler in the performance test for the effect of flow excursions, [l/min] Riars concentration ratio of the candidate sampler individual s for repeat r of the test aerosol a at influence variable value ςi to the corresponding test aerosol concentration, defined asRiars=XiarsYiar, [-] Ria average concentration ratio for test aerosol a at influence variable valueςi, [-]
sValidConciars relative uncertainty of test aerosol concentration at position of candidate samplers in test system of test aerosol a at influence variable value ςi repeat r and candidate sampler individual s, [-]
UCandSampl expanded uncertainty (of measurement) of the calculated sampled concentration due to the candidate sampler, [-]
uCandSampl combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the calculated sampled concentration due to the candidate sampler, [-]
uCandSampli combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the candidate sampler, at influence variable valueςi, [-]
uCandSampl-Biasi standard uncertainty (of measurement) due to bias (non-random errors) in relation to the sampling convention of the candidate sampler at influence variable valueςi, [-]
uCandSampl-Flowi standard uncertainty (of measurement) of the calculated sampled concentration, due to flow rate deviation at influence variable valueςi, [-]
uCandSampl-nR combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (non-random errors) due to the candidate sampler, [-]
uCandSampl-nRi combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (non-random errors) due to the candidate sampler, at influence variable valueςi, [-]
uCandSampl-R combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (random errors) due to the candidate sampler, [-] SIST EN 13205-4:2014
EN 13205-4:2014 (E) 8
uCandSampl-Ri combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (random errors) due to the candidate sampler, at influence variable valueςi, [-]
uCandSampl-Variabilityi standard uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (random errors) due to differences among candidate sampler individuals at influence variable valueςi, [-]
uValidConci standard uncertainty (of measurement) of test aerosol concentration (random errors) at the position of candidate samplers in test system, at influence variable valueςi, [-]
uValidSampl-nR standard uncertainty of the validated sampler (non-random errors), [-] Xiarm concentration of the candidate sampler individual m operated either at the nominal flow rate ( Q0) or the higher or lower flow rates ( Q+and Q-, respectively), for repeat r of the test aerosol a, at influence variable valueςi, [mg/m3] Xiars concentration of the candidate sampler individual s, for repeat r of the test aerosol a, at influence variable valueςi, [mg/m3] Yiar aerosol concentration (measured with a validated sampler) for the repeat r of test aerosol a, at influence variable valueςi, [mg/m3] 4.1.2 Greek
δFlowSet maximum relative error allowed in setting the flow rate, [-] – Annex A and B
δPump maximum relative change in flow rate allowed by pump flow rate stability, [-] ς other influence variable, as for example wind speed and mass loading of sampler, with values for i = 1 to NIV, [various dimensions] ςi ith value of another influence variable NOTE The dimension of each ςi depends on the influence variable. The dimension selected, however, is not critical, as the values are never part in any calculation. 4.2 Enumerating subscripts a for test aerosols I
for selected value of distinguishable values of an influence variable i for influence variable values, ς, i0
for selected value of non-distinguishable values of an influence variable which causes the largest combined standard uncertainty for the candidate sampler m for the candidate sampler individuals operating at the nominal, lower, and higher flow rate, respectively, in the test for the effect of flow excursions s for candidate sampler individual 4.3 Abbreviations RMS Root Mean Square SIST EN 13205-4:2014
EN 13205-4:2014 (E) 9 5 Principle The test method described in this part of EN 13205 is based on measured concentrations by the candidate sampler for at least three different test aerosols, whether all aspirated particles are part of the sample (as for most inhalable samplers) or if a particle size-dependent penetration occurs between the inlet and the collection substrate (as for thoracic and respirable samplers). A candidate aerosol sampler is tested by comparison with a validated sampler. Both samplers are exposed to the same test aerosols in a wind tunnel or aerosol chamber, and tests repeated under specified conditions relevant to the practical application of the candidate sampler. The concentrations collected by both samplers are then compared. The test assumes that the sampling efficiencies of both the candidate sampler and the reference sampler are independent of the aerosol concentration. The candidate sampler results shall agree with the validated sampler (type A) results within specified limits. The bias versus the sampling convention is determined by comparing the concentrations determined with the candidate sampler and a validated sampler. Other sampling errors due to non-random and random sources of error are also determined, for example, individual sampler variability, excursion from nominal flow rate and experimental errors. The principal difference with the type A test method is that in this laboratory comparison the sampler efficiency curve is not determined, and the candidate sampler cannot therefore be compared directly to the EN 481 sampling conventions. This means that following this test it is not possible to calculate the expanded uncertainty of the candidate sampler for any arbitrary aerosol size distribution that was not applied in the tests. The choice of test aerosols and test conditions is particularly important as these will limit the field of application of the candidate sampler. 6 Test method 6.1 General Aerosol concentration values measured using the candidate sampler are divided by aerosol concentration values measured using a validated (type A) sampler. An experimental design shall be devised that gives due attention to randomization and to estimation of the main effects. The design, and its associated statistical model, shall be explained in the test report. 6.2 Test conditions Aerosol tests shall be carried out in a wind tunnel or aerosol chamber with a suitable aerosol source2). The aerosol concentration shall be homogeneous at the measuring site where the samplers are situated. The facility shall be able to vary the test variables as required in 6.3. Candidate personal samplers for the inhalable particle fraction intended for use outdoors or in environments with forced ventilation (i.e. wind speeds in excess of 0,5 m/s) shall be compared with a validated sampler (type A) which has been shown to meet the requirements under these conditions. Samplers (candidate and validated sampler) need not to be mounted on a life-size mannequin. For wind tunnel tests a bluff body simulating a mannequin (or a mannequin) shall be used. The size and nature of the bluff body (mannequin) used shall be described in the test report. Alternative test methods may be used if they have been shown to give equivalent results3). If a sampler is tested as a personal sampler in moving air, the results do not apply to its use as a static sampler for use in environments with strong wind speeds and vice versa.
2) Useful guidance on the generation of suitable test aerosols is given by VDI 2066, VDI 3489 and VDI 3491.
3) For examples of performance evaluations of personal inhalable samplers, see Bibliography, references [1] to [4]. SIST EN 13205-4:2014
EN 13205-4:2014 (E) 10 6.3 Test variables 6.3.1 General The comparison shall include those influence variables which the critical review indicates are important for the candidate sampler. Table 1 lists the most important influence variables and identifies those for which testing is compulsory (C), compulsory for some candidate samplers or uses only (C*), or optional (O). Excluded variables shall be clearly identified in the section of the test report that describes the scope of the test. Table 1 also summarises the ranges of values for which the selected variables shall be tested, and the number of values within these ranges. In general, the values chosen need not include the extremes of the range, although specific requirements are stated in some cases. Where the experimental design requires a choice to be made, for example materials used to generate the test aerosols, the critical review shall consider the effect of the choices made on the applicability of the test results to routine sampling. This document only gives specific information on how to calculate the uncertainty component, and how to add it into the expanded uncertainty, for uncertainty components pertaining to compulsory test influence variables. For optional test influence variables, the user will need to specify the tests, how they are evaluated and how the corresponding uncertainty components are added into the expanded uncertainty. Based on the critical review, tests for particle size dependence may be carried out for several values of any influence variable, but with all other variables fixed (for example, at one wind speed only, chosen to be most representative of the conditions of use). Six replicate results shall be obtained for each combination of experimental conditions. The six replicate test results may be obtained either by conducting the tests sequentially, or where the size of test facility and samplers allows (see 7.4), by simultaneous testing of a group of specimens. SIST EN 13205-4:2014
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
01-november-2012
=UDNQDGHORYQHPPHVWX2FHQMHYDQMHODVWQRVWLPHULOQLNRY]DPHUMHQMH
NRQFHQWUDFLMOHEGHþLKGHOFHYGHO 3UHVNXãDQMHXVSRVREOMHQRVWLODERUDWRULMDQD
RVQRYLSULPHUMDYHNRQFHQWUDFLM
Workplace exposure - Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne
particle concentrations - Part 4: Laboratory performance test based on comparison of
concentrations
Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Bewertung der Leistungsfähigkeit von Sammlern für die
Messsung der Konzentration luftgetragener Partikel - Teil 4: Laborprüfung der
Leistungsfähigkeit basierend auf dem Vergleich der Konzentrationen
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Évaluation des performances des dispositifs de
prélèvement pour la mesure des concentrations de particules en suspension dans l'air -
Partie 4: Essai de performances en laboratoire par comparaison des concentrations
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13205-4
ICS:
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 13205-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2012
ICS 13.040.30 Will supersede EN 13205:2001
English Version
Workplace exposure - Assessment of sampler performance for
measurement of airborne particle concentrations - Part 4:
Laboratory performance test based on comparison of
concentrations
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Évaluation des Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Beurteilung der
performances des dispositifs de prélèvement pour la
Leistungsfähigkeit von Sammlern für die Messung der
mesure des concentrations de particules en suspension Konzentration luftgetragener Partikel - Teil 4: Laborprüfung
dans l'air - Partie 4: Essai de performances en laboratoire der Leistungsfähigkeit basierend auf dem Vergleich der
par comparaison des concentrations Konzentrationen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 137.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13205-4:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 5
5 Principle . 8
6 Test method . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Test conditions . 9
6.3 Test variables . 9
7 Experimental requirements . 12
8 Calculation of sampler bias and expanded uncertainty . 13
8.1 Sampler bias . 13
8.2 Correction factor . 14
8.3 Sources of uncertainty (of measurement) . 14
8.4 Combined standard uncertainty . 18
8.5 Expanded uncertainty . 22
9 Test report . 22
9.1 General . 22
9.2 Testing laboratory details and sponsoring organisation . 22
9.3 Description of the candidate sampler and validated sampler . 22
9.4 Critical review of sampling process . 23
9.5 Test facilities . 23
9.6 Details of experimental design . 23
9.7 Presentation of experimental results . 23
9.8 Data analysis . 24
9.9 Candidate sampler performance . 24
9.10 Summary and information for the user of the sampler. 24
Bibliography . 25
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 13205-4:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 137 “Assessment
of workplace exposure to chemical and biological agents”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document together with prEN 13205-1, prEN 13205-2, FprCEN/TR 13205-3, prEN 13205-5 and
prEN 13205-6 supersedes prEN 13205:2010 and will supersede EN 13205:2001.
EN 13205 Workplace exposure – Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne particle
concentrations consists of the following parts:
Part 1: General requirements;
Part 2: Laboratory performance test based on determination of sampling efficiency;
Part 3: Analysis of sampling efficiency data;
Part 4: Laboratory performance test based on comparison of concentrations;
Part 5: Aerosol sampler performance test and sampler comparison carried out at workplaces;
Part 6: Transport and handling tests.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
Introduction
EN 481 defines sampling conventions for the particle size fractions to be collected from workplace
atmospheres in order to assess their impact on human health. Conventions are defined for the inhalable,
thoracic and respirable aerosol fractions. These conventions represent target specifications for aerosol
samplers, giving the ideal sampling efficiency as a function of particle aerodynamic diameter.
In general, the sampling efficiency of real aerosol samplers will deviate from the target specification, and the
aerosol mass collected will therefore differ from that which an ideal sampler would collect. In addition, the
behaviour of real samplers is influenced by many factors such as external wind speed. In many cases there is
an interaction between the influence factors and fraction of the airborne size distribution of the environment in
which the sampler is used.
The laboratory performance test for samplers for the inhalable, thoracic or respirable aerosol fractions
described in this document bases on a comparison of concentrations sampled from three laboratory test
atmospheres by a candidate sampler and a (previously) validated sampler.
EN 13205 enables manufacturers and users of aerosol sampling instruments to adopt a consistent approach
to sampler validation, and provide a framework for the assessment of sampler performance with respect to
EN 481 and EN 482.
It is the responsibility of the manufacturer of aerosol samplers to inform the user of the sampler performance
1)
under the laboratory conditions specified in this part of EN 13205. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure
that the actual conditions of intended use are within what the manufacturer specifies as acceptable conditions
according to the performance test.
1)
The inhalable convention is undefined for particle sizes in excess of 100 µm or for wind speeds greater than 4 m/s. The
tests required to assess performance are therefore limited to these conditions. Should such large particle sizes or wind
speeds actually exist at the time of sampling, it is possible that different samplers meeting this part of EN 13205 give
different results.
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
1 Scope
This Eurpean Standard specifies a method for testing aerosol samplers based on comparison of
concentrations under prescribed laboratory conditions in order to verify whether the performance of a
candidate sampler fulfils the requirements of prEN 13205-1:2012.
This part of EN 13205 is applicable to all samplers used for the health-related sampling of particles in
workplace air.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 481, Workplace atmospheres — Size fraction definitions for measurement of airborne particles
EN 482, Workplace exposure — General requirements for the performance of procedures for the
measurement of chemical agents
EN 1232, Workplace atmospheres — Requirements and test methods for pumps used for personal sampling
of chemical agents in the workplace
EN 1540, Workplace exposure — Terminology
EN 12919, Workplace atmospheres — Pumps for the sampling of chemical agents with a volume flow rate of
over 5 l/min — Requirements and test methods
prEN 13205-1:2012, Workplace exposure — Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of
airborne particle concentrations — Part 1: General requirements
prEN 13205-2:2012, Workplace exposure — Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of
airborne particle concentrations — Part 2: Laboratory performance test based on determination of sampling
efficiency
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the term and definitions given in EN 1540, prEN 13205-1:2012 and
prEN 13205-2:2012 apply.
NOTE With regard to EN 1540, in particular, the following terms are used in this document: total airborne particles,
respirable fraction, sampling efficiency, static sampler, thoracic fraction, measuring procedure, non-random uncertainty,
random uncertainty, expanded uncertainty, standard uncertainty, combined standard uncertainty, expanded uncertainty,
uncertainty (of measurement), coverage factor, precision and analysis.
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
4.1.1 Latin
c candidate sampler correction factor for bias correction, either prescribed by sampler
manufacturer or measuring procedure, or assigned the value c=1.00, [-]
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
N number of test aerosols for influence variable valueς ,
A i
i
N number of values for the other influence variables at which tests were performed,
IV
N number of candidate samplers operating at the nominal flow rate at repeat r for test
0
Q
iar
aerosol a at influence variable value ς
i
N number of candidate samplers operating at the higher flow rate at repeat r for test
+
Q
iar
aerosol a at influence variable value ς
i
N number of candidate samplers operating at the lower flow rate at repeat r for test
-
Q
iar
aerosol a at influence variable value ς
i
N number of reference samplers (validated samplers) used per repeat experiment
Valid
N number of repeats per sampler individual for test aerosol a at influence variable
Rep
ia
value ς
i
N number of candidate samplers used per experiment at repeat r for test aerosol a at
S
iar
influence variable value ς
i
N number of candidate samplers used (in the experiment to determine any
S
rtl
dependence on sampled mass or internally separated mass) with partial sampling
period l in run r for sampling time t
0
Q nominal flow rate of sampler, [l/min]
+
Q higher flow rate used for the candidate sampler in the performance test for the effect
of flow excursions, [l/min]
-
Q lower flow rate used for the candidate sampler in the performance test for the effect
of flow excursions, [l/min]
R concentration ratio of the candidate sampler individual s for repeat r of the test
iars
aerosol a at influence variable value ς to the corresponding test aerosol concen-
i
tration, defined as R = X Y , [-]
iars iars iar
R average concentration ratio for test aerosol a at influence variable valueς , [-]
ia i
s relative uncertainty of test aerosol concentration at position of candidate samplers in
ValidConc
iars
test system of test aerosol a at influence variable value ς repeat r and candidate
i
sampler individual s, [-]
U expanded uncertainty (of measurement) of the calculated sampled concentration
CandSampl
due to the candidate sampler, [-]
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
u combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the calculated sampled concentration
CandSampl
due to the candidate sampler, [-]
u combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the candidate sampler, at influence
CandSampl
i
variable valueς , [-]
i
u standard uncertainty (of measurement) due to bias (non-random errors) in relation to
CandSampl-Bias
i
the sampling convention of the candidate sampler at influence variable valueς , [-]
i
u standard uncertainty (of measurement) of the calculated sampled concentration, due
CandSampl-Flow
i
to flow rate deviation at influence variable valueς , [-]
i
u combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (non-random
CandSampl-nR
errors) due to the candidate sampler, [-]
u combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (non-random
CandSampl-nR
i
errors) due to the candidate sampler, at influence variable valueς , [-]
i
u combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (random
CandSampl-R
errors) due to the candidate sampler, [-]
u combined uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (random
CandSampl-R
i
errors) due to the candidate sampler, at influence variable valueς , [-]
i
u standard uncertainty (of measurement) of the sampled concentration (random
CandSampl-Variability
i
errors) due to differences among candidate sampler individuals at influence variable
valueς , [-]
i
u standard uncertainty (of measurement) of test aerosol concentration (random errors)
ValidConc
i
at the position of candidate samplers in test system, at influence variable valueς , [-]
i
u standard uncertainty of the validated sampler (non-random errors), [-]
ValidSampl-nR
X concentration of the candidate sampler individual m operated either at the nominal
iarm
0 + -
flow rate (Q ) or the higher or lower flow rates (Q andQ , respectively), for repeat
3
r of the test aerosol a, at influence variable valueς , [mg/m ]
i
X concentration of the candidate sampler individual s, for repeat r of the test aerosol a,
iars
3
at influence variable valueς , [mg/m ]
i
Y aerosol concentration (measured with a validated sampler) for the repeat r of test
iar
3
aerosol a, at influence variable valueς , [mg/m ]
i
4.1.2 Greek
δ maximum relative error allowed in setting the flow rate, [-] – Annex A and B
FlowSet
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
δ maximum relative change in flow rate allowed by pump flow rate stability, [-]
Pump
ς value of other influence variable values, as for example wind speed and mass
loading of sampler, with values for i=1 to N , [various dimensions]
IV
th
ς i value of another influence variable
i
NOTE The dimension of each ς depends on the influence variable. The dimension selected, however, is not critical,
i
as the values are never part in any calculation.
4.2 Enumerating subscripts
a for test aerosols
I for selected value of distinguishable values of an influence variable
i for influence variable values, ς ,
i0 for selected value of non-distinguishable values of an influence variable which
causes the largest combined standard uncertainty for the candidate sampler
m for the candidate sampler individuals operating at the nominal, lower, and higher
flow rate, respectively, in the test for the effect of flow excursions
s for candidate sampler individual
4.3 Abbreviations
RMS Root Mean Square
5 Principle
The test method described in this part of EN 13205 is based on measured concentrations by the candidate
sampler for at least three different test aerosols, whether all aspirated particles are part of the sample (as for
most inhalable samplers) or if a particle size-dependent penetration occurs between the inlet and the
collection substrate (as for thoracic and respirable samplers). A candidate aerosol sampler is tested by
comparison with a validated sampler. Both samplers are exposed to the same test aerosols in a wind tunnel or
aerosol chamber, and tests repeated under specified conditions relevant to the practical application of the
candidate sampler. The concentrations collected by both samplers are then compared. The test assumes that
the sampling efficiencies of both the candidate sampler and the reference sampler are independent of the
aerosol concentration. The candidate sampler results shall agree with the validated sampler (type A) results
within specified limits.
The bias versus the sampling convention is determined by comparing the concentrations determined with the
candidate sampler and a validated sampler. Other sampling errors due non-random and random sources of
error are also determined, for example, individual sampler variability, excursion from nominal flow rate and
experimental errors.
The principal difference with the type A test method is that in this laboratory comparison the sampler efficiency
curve is not determined, and the candidate sampler cannot therefore be compared directly to the EN 481
sampling conventions. This means that following this test it is not possible to calculate the expanded
uncertainty of the candidate sampler for any arbitrary aerosol size distribution that was not applied in the tests.
The choice of test aerosols and test conditions is particularly important as these will limit the field of
application of the candidate sampler.
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
6 Test method
6.1 General
Aerosol concentration values measured using the candidate sampler are divided by aerosol concentration
values measured using a validated (type A) sampler. An experimental design shall be devised that gives due
attention to randomisation and to estimation of the main effects. The design, and its associated statistical
model, shall be explained in the test report.
6.2 Test conditions
2)
Aerosol tests shall be carried out in a wind tunnel or aerosol chamber with a suitable aerosol source . The
aerosol concentration shall be homogeneous at the measuring site where the samplers are situated. The
facility shall be able to vary the test variables as required in 6.3. Candidate personal samplers for the inhalable
particle fraction intended for use outdoors or in environments with forced ventilation (i.e. wind speeds in
excess of 0,5 m/s) shall be compared with a validated sampler (type A) which has been shown to meet the
requirements under these conditions. Samplers (candidate and validated sampler) need not to be mounted on
a life-size mannequin. For wind tunnel tests a bluff body simulating a mannequin (or a mannequin) shall be
used. The size and nature of the bluff body (mannequin) used shall be described in the test report. Alternative
3)
test methods may be used if they have been shown to give equivalent results . If a sampler is tested as a
personal sampler in moving air, the results do not apply to its use as a static sampler for use in environments
with strong wind speeds and vice versa.
6.3 Test variables
6.3.1 General
The comparison shall include those influence variables which the critical review indicates are important for the
candidate sampler. Table 1 lists the most important influence variables and identifies those for which testing is
compulsory (C), compulsory for some candidate samplers or uses only (C*), or optional (O). Excluded
variables shall be clearly identified in the section of the test report that describes the scope of the test.
Table 1 also summarises the ranges of values for which the selected variables shall be tested, and the
number of values within these ranges. In general, the values chosen need not include the extremes of the
range, although specific requirements are stated in some cases. Where the experimental design requires a
choice to be made, for example materials used to generate the test aerosols, the critical review shall consider
the effect of the choices made on the applicability of the test results to routine sampling.
This document only gives specific information on how to calculate the uncertainty component, and how to add
it into the expanded uncertainty, for uncertainty components pertaining to compulsory test influence variables.
For optional test influence variables, the user will need to specify the tests, how they are evaluated and how
the corresponding uncertainty components are added into the expanded uncertainty.
Based on the critical review, tests for particle size dependence may be carried out for several values of any
influence variable, but with all other variables fixed (for example, at one wind speed only, chosen to be most
representative of the conditions of use).
Six replicate results shall be obtained for each combination of experimental conditions. The six replicate test
results may be obtained either by conducting the tests sequentially, or where the size of test facility and
samplers allows (see 7.4), by simultaneous testing of a group of specimens.
2)
Useful guidance on the generation of suitable test aerosols is given by VDI 2066, VDI 3489 and VDI 3491.
3)
For examples of performance evaluations of personal inhalable samplers, see Bibliography, references [1] to [4].
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
Table 1 — Influence variables to be tested
Variable Status Range Number of Values Clause
Particle C Inhalable: 1 µm to 100 µm 6.3.2
≥ 3 polydisperse aerosols
aerodynamic C Thoracic: 0,5 µm to 40 µm
chosen to cover the
diameter C Respirable: 0,5 µm to 15 µm
relevant range
Wind Speed C Indoor workplaces only: 1: ≤ 0,2 m/s 6.3.3
C Indoor or outdoor workplaces (0 m/s to 2: ≤ 0,2 and 1 m/s
4 m/s):
Wind Direction C Omnidirectional average Continuous revolution or 6.3.4
≥ 4 values stepwise
Aerosol C* Particle refractive index, shape and colour Choose suitable materials 6.3.5
composition
Aerosol O Unagglomerated dust; Choose and document 7.3
agglomeration Highly agglomerated dust
Collected mass O Collected mass corresponding to: up to 3 6.3.6
and/or internally maximum concentration x nominal flow rate
separated mass x sampling time
Internally separated mass corresponding
to: maximum uncollected concentration x
nominal flow rate x sampling time
Sampler C* Test group to be as large as possible ≥ 6 6.3.7
specimen
variability
Excursion from C* Nominal flow rate plus lower and higher ≥ 6 specimen tested at 3 6.3.8
the nominal flow flow rate, at one wind speed flow rates
rate
C compulsory
C* compulsory for some sampler types or uses only
O optional
6.3.2 Particle size
Choose test dusts suitable for generating three polydisperse test aerosols. For thoracic or respirable
samplers, the percentage of aerosol mass contained in the thoracic or respirable fraction (as appropriate)
shall be approximately 10 % for the first aerosol, 50 % for the second aerosol, and 90 % for the third aerosol.
For inhalable aerosol samplers the mass median diameters of the test aerosols shall be well spaced, all mass
median diameters shall exceed 15 µm and for all test aerosols shall at least 85 % of the aerosol mass be
contained in particles with aerodynamic diameters below 100 µm.
It is very important that the validated sampler is operated with as constant flow rate as possible, for example,
within ± 2 %. This can be achieved by critical orifices or by using mass flow controllers.
NOTE It can be advantageous to also use several validated sampler individuals. See Clause 8.
6.3.3 Wind speed
The ‘outdoor workplace’ range of wind speeds shall also apply to samplers intended for use in forced
ventilation (> 0,5 m/s). The highest wind speed value recommended here may be altered if the critical review
identifies a more suitable upper limit, depending on the intended use of the sampler.
10
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13205-4:2012
prEN 13205-4:2012 (E)
6.3.4 Wind direction
In accordance with the definition of the inhalable convention, the effects of wind direction shall be averaged
out by rotating the mannequin/simulated torso during the course of each test run, either continuously, or
stepwise, with four or more steps. For static samplers, an exception to this requirement may be made when
the sampler is designed such that its inlet always takes up a preferred orientation to the external wind, or is
omnidirectional, or when its use is limited to fixed sampling positions with respect to forced ventilation.
6.3.5 Aerosol composition
Particles used for tests to classify samplers shall be spherical (solid or liquid), or approximately isometri
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.