SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019
(Amendment)High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) - Part 2: Determination of properties
High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) - Part 2: Determination of properties
This European Standard specifies the methods of test for determination of the properties of high-pressure decorative laminates as defined in Clause 3. These methods are primarily intended for testing the sheets specified in EN 438-3, EN 438-4, EN 438-5, EN 438-6, EN 438-8, and EN 438-9.
The precision of the test methods, specified in this European Standard, is not known because inter-laboratory data are not yet available. When inter-laboratory data will be obtained, precision statements will be added to the test method at the following revision. For those test methods having an end point determination based on subjective judgement, it is not meaningful to make a statement of precision.
Dekorative Hochdruck-Schichtpressstoffplatten (HPL) - Platten auf Basis härtbarer Harze (Schichtpressstoffe) - Teil 2: Bestimmung der Eigenschaften
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Prüfverfahren für die Bestimmung der Eigenschaften der im Abschnitt 3 de¬finierten dekorativen Hochdruck-Schichtpressstoffplatten (HPL) fest. Diese Verfahren sind vorzugsweise zur Prüfung der Schichtpressstoffplatten bestimmt, die in EN 438 3, EN 438 4, EN 438 5, EN 438 6, EN 438 8 und EN 438 9 beschrieben werden.
Die Präzision des Prüfverfahrens, welches in dieser Europäischen Norm festgelegt ist, ist nicht bekannt, da noch keine Daten aus Ringversuchen zur Verfügung stehen. Sobald Daten aus Ringversuchen vorliegen, werden in der folgenden Überarbeitung Angaben zur Präzision des Prüfverfahrens ergänzt. Für alle übrigen Prüfverfahren, die eine Festlegung des Endpunktes umfassen, die auf einer subjektiven Einschätzung beruht, ist es nicht sinnvoll, in diesen Fällen eine Aussage zur Präzision zu machen.
Stratifiés décoratifs haute pression (HPL) - Plaques à base de résines thermodurcissables (communément appelées stratifiés) - Partie 2: Détermination des propriétés
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les méthodes d’essai pour la détermination des caractéristiques des plaques de stratifiés décoratifs haute pression définies à l’Article 3. Ces méthodes sont principalement destinées à la réalisation des essais sur les plaques spécifiées dans les EN 438-3, EN 438-4, EN 438-5, EN 438-6, EN 438-8 et EN 438-9.
La fidélité des méthodes d’essai, spécifiées dans la présente Norme européenne, n’est pas connue faute de données interlaboratoires. Lorsque des données interlaboratoires auront été obtenues, des états de fidélité seront ajoutés à la méthode d’essai dans une prochaine révision. Pour ces méthodes d’essai fondées sur une appréciation subjective du résultat final, il n’est pas significatif d’établir un état de fidélité dans ces cas.
Dekorativni visokotlačni laminati (HPL) - Plošče na osnovi duromernih smol - 2. del: Ugotavljanje lastnosti
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Public Enquiry End Date
- 31-Oct-2017
- Publication Date
- 07-Jan-2019
- Technical Committee
- IPMA - Polimer materials and products
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 03-Jan-2019
- Due Date
- 10-Mar-2019
- Completion Date
- 08-Jan-2019
Relations
- Effective Date
- 20-Mar-2019
- Effective Date
- 26-Oct-2016
Overview
SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019 is the European test-method standard for high‑pressure decorative laminates (HPL)-sheets based on thermosetting resins (commonly called laminates). It specifies the standardized methods of determination of properties for HPL sheets and is intended primarily for testing the sheet types defined in EN 438 parts 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9. The document includes Amendment A1 (approved October 2018) and is adopted by CEN members and national bodies such as SIST.
Key topics and technical requirements
This part of EN 438 defines test procedures and reporting requirements for a wide range of physical and performance properties. Major topics include:
- Assessment of appearance and visual inspection procedures
- Dimensional measurements: thickness, length, width, edge squareness and straightness
- Flatness assessment methods
- Surface and substrate performance: resistance to surface wear, abrasion (including flooring grades), and immersion in boiling water
- Moisture and water-vapour resistance: substrate protection and resistance to water vapour
- Weathering and environmental resistance: tests for wet conditions (exterior grades) and resistance to dry heat
- Dimensional stability at elevated temperature and related procedures
- Test specimen preparation, apparatus requirements, procedure steps and required content for test reports
Note: the precision of many test methods is not yet stated in the standard because inter‑laboratory data are not available. For tests with subjective end‑point judgement, precision statements are not meaningful.
Practical applications
SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019 is used for:
- Quality control and incoming inspection in HPL manufacturing
- Product development and performance benchmarking of decorative laminates
- Type testing required to demonstrate compliance with EN 438 product specifications
- Specification and procurement by architects, interior designers, and building product specifiers
- Independent testing laboratories and certification bodies preparing formal test reports for clients or regulators
Using these standardized test methods helps ensure consistent, comparable property data for HPL across suppliers and countries.
Who should use this standard
- HPL manufacturers and production QA teams
- Independent testing and calibration laboratories
- Architects, designers and specifiers writing performance-based material specifications
- Certification bodies and product compliance assessors
- Procurement professionals evaluating HPL products for flooring, furniture, cladding and other interior/exterior applications
Related standards
- EN 438 series (Parts 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9) - product-type specifications referenced in the scope
- National implementations of EN 438-2 (e.g., SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019)
Keywords: SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019, high-pressure decorative laminates, HPL test methods, determination of properties, EN 438, laminate testing, HPL quality control.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) - Part 2: Determination of properties". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the methods of test for determination of the properties of high-pressure decorative laminates as defined in Clause 3. These methods are primarily intended for testing the sheets specified in EN 438-3, EN 438-4, EN 438-5, EN 438-6, EN 438-8, and EN 438-9. The precision of the test methods, specified in this European Standard, is not known because inter-laboratory data are not yet available. When inter-laboratory data will be obtained, precision statements will be added to the test method at the following revision. For those test methods having an end point determination based on subjective judgement, it is not meaningful to make a statement of precision.
This European Standard specifies the methods of test for determination of the properties of high-pressure decorative laminates as defined in Clause 3. These methods are primarily intended for testing the sheets specified in EN 438-3, EN 438-4, EN 438-5, EN 438-6, EN 438-8, and EN 438-9. The precision of the test methods, specified in this European Standard, is not known because inter-laboratory data are not yet available. When inter-laboratory data will be obtained, precision statements will be added to the test method at the following revision. For those test methods having an end point determination based on subjective judgement, it is not meaningful to make a statement of precision.
SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.140.20 - Laminated sheets. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 438-2:2016, SIST EN 438-2:2016. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2019
Dekorativni visokotlačni laminati (HPL) - Plošče na osnovi duromernih smol - 2.
del: Ugotavljanje lastnosti
High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins
(usually called laminates) - Part 2: Determination of properties
Dekorative Hochdruck-Schichtpressstoffplatten (HPL) - Platten auf Basis härtbarer Harze
(Schichtpressstoffe) - Teil 2: Bestimmung der Eigenschaften
Stratifiés décoratifs haute pression (HPL) - Plaques à base de résines
thermodurcissables (communément appelées stratifiés) - Partie 2: Détermination des
propriétés
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 438-2:2016+A1:2018
ICS:
83.140.20 Laminatne plošče Laminated sheets
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 438-2:2016+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 83.140.20
English Version
High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based
on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) - Part 2:
Determination of properties
Stratifiés décoratifs haute pression (HPL) - Plaques à Dekorative Hochdruck-Schichtpressstoffplatten (HPL)
base de résines thermodurcissables (communément - Platten auf Basis härtbarer Harze (Schichtpressstoffe)
appelées stratifiés) - Partie 2: Détermination des - Teil 2: Bestimmung der Eigenschaften
propriétés
This amendment A1 modifies the European Standard EN 438-2:2016; it was approved by CEN on 5 October 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for inclusion of
this amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This amendment exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 438-2:2016+A1:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 10
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms and definitions . 12
4 Assessment of appearance . 12
4.1 Principle . 12
4.2 Apparatus . 12
4.3 Test specimen. 12
4.4 Procedure . 12
4.5 Test report . 13
5 Determination of thickness . 13
5.1 Principle . 13
5.2 Apparatus . 13
5.3 Test specimen. 13
5.4 Procedure . 13
5.5 Test report . 14
6 Determination of length and width . 14
6.1 Principle . 14
6.2 Apparatus . 14
6.3 Test specimen. 14
6.4 Procedure . 14
6.5 Expression of results . 14
6.6 Test report . 14
7 Determination of edge straightness . 15
7.1 Principle . 15
7.2 Apparatus . 15
7.3 Test specimen. 15
7.4 Procedure . 15
7.5 Expression of results . 15
7.6 Test report . 16
8 Determination of edge squareness . 16
8.1 Principle . 16
8.2 Apparatus . 16
8.3 Test specimen .16
8.4 Procedure .16
8.5 Expression of results .17
8.6 Test report .17
9 Determination of flatness .17
9.1 Principle .17
9.2 Apparatus .17
9.3 Test specimens .18
9.4 Procedure .18
9.5 Expression of results .18
9.6 Test report .18
10 Resistance to surface wear .18
10.1 Principle .18
10.2 Materials.18
10.3 Apparatus .19
10.3.1 Abrasion resistance testing machine .19
10.4 Test specimens .21
10.5 Preparation of specimens and abrasive paper.21
10.6 Procedure .21
10.6.1 Preparation of abrasive wheels .21
10.6.2 Calibration of abrasive paper .21
10.6.3 Abrasion of specimen .21
10.7 Expression of results .22
10.8 Test report .22
11 Resistance to abrasion (flooring grade laminates) .23
12 Resistance to immersion in boiling water .23
12.1 Principle .23
12.2 Apparatus .23
12.3 Test specimens .23
12.4 Procedure .24
12.5 Expression of results .24
12.5.1 Calculation .24
12.5.2 Surface rating scale .25
12.5.3 Edge rating scale .25
12.6 Test report .25
13 Substrate protection against water vapour .25
13.1 Principle . 25
13.2 Apparatus . 26
13.3 Test specimens. 26
13.4 Procedure . 26
13.5 Expression of results . 27
13.6 Test report . 27
14 Resistance to water vapour . 27
14.1 Principle . 27
14.2 Apparatus . 28
14.3 Test specimen. 28
14.4 Procedure . 28
14.5 Expression of results . 28
14.6 Test report . 28
15 Resistance to wet conditions (Exterior grade laminates) . 30
15.1 Principle . 30
15.2 Apparatus . 30
15.3 Test specimens. 30
15.4 Procedure . 30
15.5 Expression of results . 30
15.5.1 Calculation . 30
15.5.2 Visual examination . 31
15.6 Test report . 31
16 Resistance to dry heat . 32
16.1 Principle . 32
16.2 Apparatus and materials . 32
16.3 Test specimen. 34
16.4 Test procedure . 34
16.5 Examination of the test specimen . 34
16.6 Expression of results . 34
16.7 Test report . 35
17 Dimensional stability at elevated temperature . 35
17.1 Principle . 35
17.2 Apparatus . 35
17.3 Test specimens. 36
17.4 Procedure . 36
17.5 Expression of results . 36
17.6 Test report .37
18 Resistance to wet heat .37
18.1 Principle .37
18.2 Apparatus and materials .38
18.3 Test specimens .38
18.4 Procedure .39
18.5 Expression of results .39
18.6 Test report .40
19 Resistance to climatic shock (exterior grade laminates) .40
19.1 Principle .40
19.2 Apparatus .40
19.3 Test specimens .41
19.4 Procedure .41
19.5 Expression of results .42
19.5.1 Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity in flexure .42
19.5.2 Appearance .42
19.6 Test report .42
20 Resistance to impact by small-diameter ball .42
20.1 Principle .42
20.2 Materials.43
20.3 Apparatus .43
20.4 Test specimens .46
20.5 Calibration of the impact tester .46
20.6 Procedure .47
20.7 Expression of results .48
20.8 Test report .48
21 Resistance to impact by large diameter ball .48
21.1 Principle .48
21.2 Materials.49
21.3 Apparatus .49
21.4 Test specimens .49
21.5 Procedure .49
21.6 Expression of results .51
21.7 Test report .52
22 Resistance to impact by large diameter ball (flooring grade laminates) .52
22.1 Principle .52
22.2 Materials . 52
22.3 Apparatus . 52
22.4 Test specimens. 53
22.5 Procedure . 53
22.6 Expression of results . 53
22.7 Test report . 53
23 Resistance to cracking under stress (laminates ≤ 2 mm thick) . 54
23.1 Principle . 54
23.2 Apparatus . 54
23.3 Test specimens. 54
23.4 Procedure . 56
23.5 Expression of results . 56
23.6 Test report . 57
24 Resistance to crazing (Compact laminates) . 58
24.1 Principle . 58
24.2 Apparatus . 58
24.3 Test specimens. 58
24.4 Procedure . 58
24.5 Expression of results . 58
24.6 Test report . 59
25 Resistance to scratching . 60
25.1 Principle . 60
25.2 Materials . 60
25.3 Apparatus . 60
25.4 Calibration of apparatus. 62
25.5 Test specimen. 62
25.6 Procedure . 62
25.7 Expression of results . 66
25.8 Test report . 66
26 Resistance to staining . 66
26.1 Principle . 66
26.2 Staining agents . 66
26.3 Apparatus and Materials . 68
26.3.1 Discs . 68
26.3.2 Glass Petri dish . 68
26.3.3 Tweezers . 68
26.3.4 Absorbent paper or tissue .68
26.3.5 Cleaning cloth .68
26.3.6 Diffuse light source .68
26.4 Test specimens .69
26.5 Test procedure .69
26.6 Examination of the test panel .70
26.7 Assessment of results .70
26.8 Test report .71
27 Light fastness (Xenon arc) .71
27.1 Principle .71
27.2 Apparatus .71
27.3 Test specimen .72
27.4 Procedure .72
27.5 Assessment and expression of results .73
27.6 Test report .73
28 Resistance to UV light (Exterior grade laminates) .73
28.1 Principle .73
28.2 Apparatus .73
28.3 Test specimens .73
28.4 Procedure .74
28.5 Evaluation and expression of results .74
28.5.1 General .74
28.5.2 Contrast .74
28.5.3 Appearance .74
28.6 Test report .74
29 Resistance to artificial weathering (Exterior grade laminates) .75
29.1 Principle .75
29.2 Apparatus .75
29.3 Test specimens .76
29.4 Procedure .76
29.5 Examination and expression of results .76
29.5.1 General .76
29.5.2 Contrast .77
29.5.3 Appearance .77
29.6 Test report .77
30 Determination of the microscratch resistance.77
30.1 Principle . 77
30.2 Terms and definitions . 77
30.3 Apparatus and materials . 78
30.3.1 Martindale tester . 78
30.3.2 Holder for scrub material . 78
30.3.3 Diffuse light source . 78
30.3.4 Reflectometer . 78
30.3.5 Positioning device. 79
30.4 Assembly and maintenance of the Martindale tester . 80
30.5 Method for checking the Lissajous figure . 80
30.6 Preparation and conditioning . 81
30.6.1 Preparation . 81
30.6.2 Test surface . 81
30.7 Test procedure . 81
30.7.1 General . 81
30.7.2 Testing . 81
30.8 Classification of the image after scratching according to procedure B . 83
30.9 Test report . 84
31 Formability (Method A) . 84
31.1 Principle . 84
31.2 Apparatus . 84
31.3 Test specimens. 85
31.4 Procedure . 85
31.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus . 85
31.4.2 Test procedure . 86
31.5 Test report . 87
32 Formability (Method B) . 87
32.1 Principle . 87
32.2 Apparatus . 88
32.3 Test specimens. 88
32.4 Procedure . 89
32.5 Test report . 90
33 Resistance to blistering (Method A) . 91
33.1 Principle . 91
33.2 Apparatus . 91
33.3 Test specimens.
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
01-marec-2019
'HNRUDWLYQLYLVRNRWODþQLODPLQDWL +3/ 3ORãþHQDRVQRYLGXURPHUQLKVPRO
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High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins
(usually called laminates) - Part 2: Determination of properties
Dekorative Hochdruck-Schichtpressstoffplatten (HPL) - Platten auf Basis härtbarer Harze
(Schichtpressstoffe) - Teil 2: Bestimmung der Eigenschaften
Stratifiés décoratifs haute pression (HPL) - Plaques à base de résines
thermodurcissables (communément appelées stratifiés) - Partie 2: Détermination des
propriétés
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 438-2:2016/A1:2018
ICS:
83.140.20 /DPLQDWQHSORãþH Laminated sheets
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
EN 438-2:2016/A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 83.140.20
English Version
High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based
on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) - Part 2:
Determination of properties
Stratifiés décoratifs haute pression (HPL) - Plaques à Dekorative Hochdruck-Schichtpressstoffplatten (HPL)
base de résines thermodurcissables (communément - Platten auf Basis härtbarer Harze (Schichtpressstoffe)
appelées stratifiés) - Partie 2: Détermination des - Teil 2: Bestimmung der Eigenschaften
propriétés
This amendment A1 modifies the European Standard EN 438-2:2016; it was approved by CEN on 5 October 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for inclusion of
this amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This amendment exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 438-2:2016/A1:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
Contents Page
European foreword . 10
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms and definitions . 12
4 Assessment of appearance . 12
4.1 Principle . 12
4.2 Apparatus . 12
4.3 Test specimen. 12
4.4 Procedure . 12
4.5 Test report . 13
5 Determination of thickness . 13
5.1 Principle . 13
5.2 Apparatus . 13
5.3 Test specimen. 13
5.4 Procedure . 13
5.5 Test report . 14
6 Determination of length and width . 14
6.1 Principle . 14
6.2 Apparatus . 14
6.3 Test specimen. 14
6.4 Procedure . 14
6.5 Expression of results . 14
6.6 Test report . 14
7 Determination of edge straightness . 15
7.1 Principle . 15
7.2 Apparatus . 15
7.3 Test specimen. 15
7.4 Procedure . 15
7.5 Expression of results . 15
7.6 Test report . 16
8 Determination of edge squareness . 16
8.1 Principle . 16
8.2 Apparatus . 16
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
8.3 Test specimen .16
8.4 Procedure .16
8.5 Expression of results .17
8.6 Test report .17
9 Determination of flatness .17
9.1 Principle .17
9.2 Apparatus .17
9.3 Test specimens .18
9.4 Procedure .18
9.5 Expression of results .18
9.6 Test report .18
10 Resistance to surface wear .18
10.1 Principle .18
10.2 Materials.18
10.3 Apparatus .19
10.3.1 Abrasion resistance testing machine .19
10.4 Test specimens .21
10.5 Preparation of specimens and abrasive paper.21
10.6 Procedure .21
10.6.1 Preparation of abrasive wheels .21
10.6.2 Calibration of abrasive paper .21
10.6.3 Abrasion of specimen .21
10.7 Expression of results .22
10.8 Test report .22
11 Resistance to abrasion (flooring grade laminates) .23
12 Resistance to immersion in boiling water .23
12.1 Principle .23
12.2 Apparatus .23
12.3 Test specimens .23
12.4 Procedure .24
12.5 Expression of results .24
12.5.1 Calculation .24
12.5.2 Surface rating scale .25
12.5.3 Edge rating scale .25
12.6 Test report .25
13 Substrate protection against water vapour .25
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
13.1 Principle . 25
13.2 Apparatus . 26
13.3 Test specimens. 26
13.4 Procedure . 26
13.5 Expression of results . 27
13.6 Test report . 27
14 Resistance to water vapour . 27
14.1 Principle . 27
14.2 Apparatus . 28
14.3 Test specimen. 28
14.4 Procedure . 28
14.5 Expression of results . 28
14.6 Test report . 28
15 Resistance to wet conditions (Exterior grade laminates) . 30
15.1 Principle . 30
15.2 Apparatus . 30
15.3 Test specimens. 30
15.4 Procedure . 30
15.5 Expression of results . 30
15.5.1 Calculation . 30
15.5.2 Visual examination . 31
15.6 Test report . 31
16 Resistance to dry heat . 32
16.1 Principle . 32
16.2 Apparatus and materials . 32
16.3 Test specimen. 34
16.4 Test procedure . 34
16.5 Examination of the test specimen . 34
16.6 Expression of results . 34
16.7 Test report . 35
17 Dimensional stability at elevated temperature . 35
17.1 Principle . 35
17.2 Apparatus . 35
17.3 Test specimens. 36
17.4 Procedure . 36
17.5 Expression of results . 36
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
17.6 Test report .37
18 Resistance to wet heat .37
18.1 Principle .37
18.2 Apparatus and materials .38
18.3 Test specimens .38
18.4 Procedure .39
18.5 Expression of results .39
18.6 Test report .40
19 Resistance to climatic shock (exterior grade laminates) .40
19.1 Principle .40
19.2 Apparatus .40
19.3 Test specimens .41
19.4 Procedure .41
19.5 Expression of results .42
19.5.1 Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity in flexure .42
19.5.2 Appearance .42
19.6 Test report .42
20 Resistance to impact by small-diameter ball .42
20.1 Principle .42
20.2 Materials.43
20.3 Apparatus .43
20.4 Test specimens .46
20.5 Calibration of the impact tester .46
20.6 Procedure .47
20.7 Expression of results .48
20.8 Test report .48
21 Resistance to impact by large diameter ball .48
21.1 Principle .48
21.2 Materials.49
21.3 Apparatus .49
21.4 Test specimens .49
21.5 Procedure .49
21.6 Expression of results .51
21.7 Test report .52
22 Resistance to impact by large diameter ball (flooring grade laminates) .52
22.1 Principle .52
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
22.2 Materials . 52
22.3 Apparatus . 52
22.4 Test specimens. 53
22.5 Procedure . 53
22.6 Expression of results . 53
22.7 Test report . 53
23 Resistance to cracking under stress (laminates ≤ 2 mm thick) . 54
23.1 Principle . 54
23.2 Apparatus . 54
23.3 Test specimens. 54
23.4 Procedure . 56
23.5 Expression of results . 56
23.6 Test report . 57
24 Resistance to crazing (Compact laminates) . 58
24.1 Principle . 58
24.2 Apparatus . 58
24.3 Test specimens. 58
24.4 Procedure . 58
24.5 Expression of results . 58
24.6 Test report . 59
25 Resistance to scratching . 60
25.1 Principle . 60
25.2 Materials . 60
25.3 Apparatus . 60
25.4 Calibration of apparatus. 62
25.5 Test specimen. 62
25.6 Procedure . 62
25.7 Expression of results . 66
25.8 Test report . 66
26 Resistance to staining . 66
26.1 Principle . 66
26.2 Staining agents . 66
26.3 Apparatus and Materials . 68
26.3.1 Discs . 68
26.3.2 Glass Petri dish . 68
26.3.3 Tweezers . 68
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
26.3.4 Absorbent paper or tissue .68
26.3.5 Cleaning cloth .68
26.3.6 Diffuse light source .68
26.4 Test specimens .69
26.5 Test procedure .69
26.6 Examination of the test panel .70
26.7 Assessment of results .70
26.8 Test report .71
27 Light fastness (Xenon arc) .71
27.1 Principle .71
27.2 Apparatus .71
27.3 Test specimen .72
27.4 Procedure .72
27.5 Assessment and expression of results .73
27.6 Test report .73
28 Resistance to UV light (Exterior grade laminates) .73
28.1 Principle .73
28.2 Apparatus .73
28.3 Test specimens .73
28.4 Procedure .74
28.5 Evaluation and expression of results .74
28.5.1 General .74
28.5.2 Contrast .74
28.5.3 Appearance .74
28.6 Test report .74
29 Resistance to artificial weathering (Exterior grade laminates) .75
29.1 Principle .75
29.2 Apparatus .75
29.3 Test specimens .76
29.4 Procedure .76
29.5 Examination and expression of results .76
29.5.1 General .76
29.5.2 Contrast .77
29.5.3 Appearance .77
29.6 Test report .77
30 Determination of the microscratch resistance.77
SIST EN 438-2:2016/A1:2019
30.1 Principle . 77
30.2 Terms and definitions . 77
30.3 Apparatus and materials . 78
30.3.1 Martindale tester . 78
30.3.2 Holder for scrub material . 78
30.3.3 Diffuse light source . 78
30.3.4 Reflectometer . 78
30.3.5 Positioning device. 79
30.4 Assembly and maintenance of the Martindale tester . 80
30.5 Method for checking the Lissajous figure . 80
30.6 Preparation and conditioning . 81
30.6.1 Preparation . 81
30.6.2 Test surface . 81
30.7 Test procedure . 81
30.7.1 General . 81
30.7.2 Testing . 81
30.8 Classification of the image after scratching according to procedure B . 83
30.9 Test report . 84
31 Formability (Method A) . 84
31.1 Principle . 84
31.2 Apparatus . 84
31.3 Test specimens. 85
31.4 Procedure . 85
31.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus . 85
31.4.2 Test procedure . 86
31.5 Test report . 87
32 Formability (Method B) . 87
32.1 Principle . 87
32.2 Apparatus . 88
32.3 Test specimens. 88
32.4 Procedure . 89
32.5 Test report . 90
33 Resistance to blistering (Method A) . 91
33.1 Principle . 91
33.2 Apparatus . 91
33.3 Test specimens.
...
The article discusses a European Standard, SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019, which outlines methods for testing the properties of high-pressure decorative laminates. These laminates are made from thermosetting resins and are commonly referred to as laminates. The standard specifies the testing methods for sheets specified in several other European Standards. However, the precision of these test methods is currently unknown as inter-laboratory data is not yet available. Precision statements will be added in future revisions of the standard. It is noted that for test methods that rely on subjective judgement, precision cannot be determined.
記事タイトル：SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019 - 高圧デコラティブラミネート（HPL）- 熱硬化性樹脂を基にしたシート（一般的にはラミネートと呼ばれる）- 第2部：特性の決定 記事内容：このヨーロッパ標準は、第3節で定義された高圧デコラティブラミネートの特性の決定のための試験方法を規定しています。これらの方法は主に、EN 438-3、EN 438-4、EN 438-5、EN 438-6、EN 438-8、およびEN 438-9で指定されたシートの試験に使用されます。 このヨーロッパ標準で規定された試験方法の精度は、現在のところ不明です。相互試験データがまだ利用できないためです。相互試験データが入手されると、精度の声明が将来の改訂で追加されます。主観的な判断に基づく終点判定を持つ試験方法については、精度の声明をすることは意味がありません。
기사 제목: SIST EN 438-2:2016+A1:2019 - 고압 장식용 라미네이트 - 열경화성 수지를 기반으로 한 시트(일반적으로 라미네이트라고 함) - 제2부: 특성 결정 기사 내용: 이 유럽 표준은 제 3항에서 정의된 고압 장식용 라미네이트의 특성 결정을 위한 시험 방법을 명시합니다. 이러한 방법은 주로 EN 438-3, EN 438-4, EN 438-5, EN 438-6, EN 438-8 및 EN 438-9에서 명시된 시트의 시험을 위해 사용됩니다. 이 유럽 표준에 명시된 시험 방법의 정밀도는 현재 알려져 있지 않으며, 상호 실험실 데이터가 아직 확보되지 않은 상태입니다. 상호 실험실 데이터가 수집되면, 정밀도에 대한 설명이 이후 개정에서 추가될 것입니다. 주관적 판단에 의존하는 종점 결정을 가진 시험 방법에 대해서는 정밀도를 명시하는 것이 의미가 없습니다.
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