SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
(Main)Acoustics - Determination and application of measurement uncertainties in building acoustics - Part 1: Sound insulation (ISO 12999-1:2014)
Acoustics - Determination and application of measurement uncertainties in building acoustics - Part 1: Sound insulation (ISO 12999-1:2014)
EN ISO 12999-1 specifies procedures for assessing the measurement uncertainty of sound insulation in building acoustics. It gives guidelines for - detailed uncertainty assessment; - determination of uncertainties by inter-laboratory tests; - application of uncertainties. Furthermore, typical uncertainties are given for quantities determined according to ISO 10140, ISO 16283 and ISO 717.
Akustik - Bestimmung und Anwendung der Messunsicherheiten in der Bauakustik - Teil 1: Schalldämmung (ISO 12999-1:2014)
Der vorliegende Teil der ISO 12999 legt Verfahren zur Beurteilung der Unsicherheit von Messungen der Schalldämmung in der Bauakustik fest. Er enthält Anleitungen für Folgendes:
- eine ausführliche Beurteilung der Unsicherheit;
- die Bestimmung der Unsicherheiten durch Ringversuche;
- die Anwendung der Unsicherheiten.
Darüber hinaus werden typische Unsicherheiten für nach ISO 10140, ISO 16283 und ISO 717 bestimmte Größen angegeben.
Acoustique - Détermination et application des incertitudes de mesure dans l'acoustique des bâtiments - Partie 1: Isolation acoustique (ISO 12999-1:2014)
L'ISO 12999-1:2014 spécifie des méthodes permettant d'évaluer l'incertitude de mesure de l'isolement acoustique dans le domaine de l'acoustique des bâtiments. Elle prévoit l'évaluation détaillée de l'incertitude, la détermination des incertitudes par des essais interlaboratoires, et l'application des incertitudes.
Akustika - Ugotavljanje in uporaba merilne negotovosti v gradbeni akustiki - 1. del: Zvočna izolirnost (ISO 12999-1:2014)
Standard EN ISO 12999-1 določa postopke za oceno merilne negotovosti pri zvočni izolirnosti v gradbeni akustiki. Podaja smernice za - podrobno oceno negotovosti; - določanje negotovosti z medlaboratorijskim preskušanjem; - aplikacijo negotovosti. Poleg tega so običajne negotovosti podane za količine, ki so določene v skladu s standardi ISO 10140, ISO 16283 in ISO 717.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
01-september-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 20140-2:1997
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=YRþQDL]ROLUQRVW ,62
Acoustics - Determination and application of measurement uncertainties in building
acoustics - Part 1: Sound insulation (ISO 12999-1:2014)
Akustik - Bestimmung und Anwendung der Messunsicherheiten in der Bauakustik - Teil
1: Schalldämmung (ISO 12999-1:2014)
Acoustique - Détermination et application des incertitudes de mesure dans l'acoustique
des bâtiments - Partie 1: Isolation acoustique (ISO 12999-1:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12999-1:2014
ICS:
17.140.01 $NXVWLþQDPHUMHQMDLQ Acoustic measurements and
EODåHQMHKUXSDQDVSORãQR noise abatement in general
91.120.20 $NXVWLNDYVWDYEDK=YRþQD Acoustics in building. Sound
L]RODFLMD insulation
SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 12999-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2014
ICS 17.140.01; 91.120.20 Supersedes EN 20140-2:1993
English Version
Acoustics - Determination and application of measurement
uncertainties in building acoustics - Part 1: Sound insulation (ISO
12999-1:2014)
Acoustique - Détermination et application des incertitudes Akustik - Bestimmung und Anwendung der
de mesure dans l'acoustique des bâtiments - Partie 1: Messunsicherheiten in der Bauakustik - Teil 1:
Isolation acoustique (ISO 12999-1:2014) Schalldämmung (ISO 12999-1:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 April 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 12999-1:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
EN ISO 12999-1:2014 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
EN ISO 12999-1:2014 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 12999-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43 "Acoustics" in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 126 “Acoustic properties of building elements and of
buildings” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by November 2014.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 20140-2:1993.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 12999-1:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12999-1:2014 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12999-1
First edition
2014-05-15
Acoustics — Determination and
application of measurement
uncertainties in building acoustics —
Part 1:
Sound insulation
Acoustique — Détermination et application des incertitudes de
mesure dans l’acoustique des bâtiments —
Partie 1: Isolation acoustique
Reference number
ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Detailed uncertainty budget . 3
5 Uncertainty determination by inter-laboratory measurements . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Measurement situations . 3
5.3 Measurement conditions . . 4
5.4 Number of participating laboratories . 4
5.5 Stating the test results of inter-laboratory measurements . 4
5.6 Choice of test specimen . 4
5.7 Laboratories with outlying measurement results . 5
5.8 Verification of laboratory results by results of inter-laboratory tests . 5
6 Uncertainties associated with single-number values . 7
7 Standard uncertainties for typical measurands . 7
7.1 General . 7
7.2 Airborne sound insulation . 7
7.3 Impact sound insulation . 8
7.4 Reduction of transmitted impact noise by floor coverings . 9
8 Application of the uncertainties .10
Annex A (informative) Example of handling uncertainties in building acoustics .12
Annex B (informative) Example for the calculation of the uncertainty of single number values .15
Annex C (informative) Detailed uncertainty budget .18
Bibliography .20
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 2, Building
acoustics.
This first edition of ISO 12999-1 cancels and replaces ISO 140-2:1991, which has been technically revised.
It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 140-2:1991/Cor 1:1993.
ISO 12999 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics — Determination and
application of measurement uncertainties in building acoustics:
— Part 1: Sound insulation
A part 2 dealing with sound absorption is under preparation.
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
Introduction
An assessment of uncertainties that is comprehensible and close to reality is indispensable for many
questions in building acoustics. Whether a requirement is met, a laboratory delivers correct results
or the acoustic properties of a product are better than the same properties of some other product
can be decided only by adequately assessing the uncertainties associated with the quantities under
consideration.
Uncertainties should preferably be determined following the principles of ISO/IEC Guide 98-3. This Guide
specifies a detailed procedure for the uncertainty evaluation that is based upon a complete mathematical
model of the measurement procedure. At the current knowledge, it seems to be impossible to formulate
these models for the different quantities in building acoustics. Therefore, only the principles of such an
uncertainty assessment are explained.
To come to uncertainties all the same, the concept of reproducibility and repeatability is incorporated
which is the traditional way of uncertainty determination in building acoustics. This concept offers
the possibility to state the uncertainty of a method and of measurements carried out according to the
method, based on the results of inter-laboratory measurements.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
Acoustics — Determination and application of
measurement uncertainties in building acoustics —
Part 1:
Sound insulation
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12999 specifies procedures for assessing the measurement uncertainty of sound
insulation in building acoustics. It provides for
— a detailed uncertainty assessment;
— a determination of uncertainties by inter-laboratory tests;
— an application of uncertainties.
Furthermore, typical uncertainties are given for quantities determined according to ISO 10140,
ISO 140-4, ISO 140-5, ISO 140-7 and ISO 717 (all parts).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 140-4, Acoustics — Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 4:
Field measurements of airborne sound insulation between rooms
ISO 140-5, Acoustics — Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 5:
Field measurements of airborne sound insulation of façade elements and façades
ISO 140-7, Acoustics — Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 7:
Field measurements of impact sound insulation of floors
ISO 717 (all parts), Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements
ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 1: General
principles and definitions
ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 2: Basic
method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
ISO 10140 (all parts), Acoustics — Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
[1]
NOTE Whenever applicable, they are equivalent to those given in ISO 5725-1, in the ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and
[2]
in ISO/IEC Guide 99.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
3.1
measurand
particular quantity subject to measurement, e.g. the airborne sound insulation of a particular window
pane determined in accordance with ISO 10140
3.2
measurement result
value attributed to a measurand, obtained by following the complete set of instructions given in a
measurement procedure
Note 1 to entry: The measurement result may be a frequency band level or a single number value determined
according to the rating procedures of ISO 717 (all parts).
3.3
uncertainty
parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, that characterizes the dispersion of the values
that can reasonably be attributed to the measurand
3.4
standard uncertainty
u
uncertainty of the result of a measurement expressed as a standard deviation
3.5
combined standard uncertainty
u
c
standard uncertainty of the result of a measurement when that result is obtained from the values of
a number of other quantities, equal to the positive square root of a sum of terms, the terms being the
variances or covariances of these other quantities weighted according to how the measurement result
varies with changes in these quantities
3.6
expanded uncertainty
U
quantity defining an interval about the result of a measurement that may be expected to encompass a
large fraction of the distribution of values that can reasonably be attributed to the measurand
3.7
coverage factor
k
numerical factor used as a multiplier of the combined standard uncertainty in order to obtain an
expanded uncertainty
3.8
repeatability condition
condition of measurement that includes the same measurement procedure, same operators, same
measuring system, same location (laboratory or usual building), and replicate measurements on the
same object over a short period of time
3.9
repeatability standard deviation
σ
r
standard deviation of measurement results obtained under repeatability conditions
3.10
reproducibility condition
condition of measurement that includes different locations (laboratories or usual buildings), operators,
measuring systems, and replicate measurements on the same or similar objects
2 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
3.11
reproducibility standard deviation
σ
R
standard deviation of measurement results obtained under reproducibility conditions
3.12
in-situ condition
condition of measurement that includes the same location (laboratory or usual building), and replicate
measurements on the same object by different operators using different measuring systems
3.13
in-situ standard deviation
σ
situ
standard deviation of measurement results obtained under in-situ conditions
4 Detailed uncertainty budget
The derivation of a detailed uncertainty budget is desirable to find out which uncertainty contributions
are the most important ones and how these contributions can be reduced. Furthermore, such a budget
reflects the individual sound fields during the measurement. Consequently, the uncertainty is valid for
an individual measurement result and not for a whole family of results. Annex C gives provisions on the
derivation of such uncertainty budgets.
5 Uncertainty determination by inter-laboratory measurements
5.1 General
Standard deviations determined by inter-laboratory measurements may serve as an estimate for the
standard uncertainty. The general concept and the procedure for determining these standard deviations
are given in ISO 5725-1 and ISO 5725-2, respectively. As many operators and laboratories as possible
should participate in such inter-laboratory measurements in order to obtain reliable results.
5.2 Measurement situations
In building acoustics, three different measurement situations are to be distinguished.
a) Situation A is that a building element is characterized by laboratory measurements. In this case, the
measurand is defined by the relevant part of ISO 10140, including all additional requirements e.g.
for the measurement equipment and especially for the test facilities. Therefore, all measurement
results that are obtained in another test facility or building also comply with this definition. The
standard uncertainty, thus, is the standard deviation of reproducibility as determined by inter-
laboratory measurements.
b) Situation B is described by the case that different measurement teams come to the same location
to carry out measurements. The location may be a usual building or a test facility. The measurand,
thus, is a property of one particular element in one particular test facility or the property of a
building. The main difference to situation A is that many aspects of the airborne and structure-
borne sound fields involved remain constant since the physical construction is unchanged. The
standard uncertainty obtained for this situation is called in situ standard deviation.
c) Situation C applies to the case when the measurement is simply repeated in the same location by the
same operator using the same equipment. The location may be a usual building or a test facility. The
standard uncertainty is the standard deviation of repeatability as determined by inter-laboratory
measurements.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
5.3 Measurement conditions
The acoustical measurement conditions for determining the different standard deviations shall
correspond to the conditions given in the standardized measurement procedures. The test specimen
shall not be remounted between repeated measurements.
Each laboratory shall use its normal measurement procedure when participating in an inter-
laboratory measurement. No deviations from the test procedure laid down shall occur but repeating
the measurements several times, the parameters left open in the measurement procedure shall be
represented as well as possible. In particular, the set of microphone positions and source positions over
which averaging is carried out for one measurement shall be selected anew, more or less randomly,
for each repeated measurement. This is necessary to obtain a mean value and a standard deviation of
repeatability that represent the situation correctly.
Before the inter-laboratory measurement is started, each participating laboratory shall report the exact
details of its test procedure.
Additional requirements for carrying out inter-laboratory measurements for the test specimen chosen
shall be laid down in detail. This refers in particular to the following items:
— quantities being measured and reported, rules for rounding numbers;
— number of repeated measurements required;
— calibration of the measurement equipment;
— mounting and sealing conditions of the test specimen, and curing time where appropriate.
5.4 Number of participating laboratories
The number of laboratories, p, shall, from a statistical point of view, be at least eight, but is preferable
to exceed this number in order to reduce the number of replicate measurements required. The number,
n, of measurements in each laboratory should be so chosen that p(n - 1) ≥ 35. In addition, at least
five test results are needed for each laboratory. If the number n of measurements is different among
the participating laboratories, a mean number of measurements shall be calculated and used (see
ISO 5725-2). The measurement results obtained shall not be pre-selected in any way by the participating
laboratories before they are reported.
5.5 Stating the test results of inter-laboratory measurements
In order to simplify the evaluation of measurement results reported, it is strongly desirable to supply
forms for filling in by the participants. For the statistical analysis, it is important to report special
observations and/or any irregularities observed during the test.
5.6 Choice of test specimen
5.6.1 General
The kind of test specimen used for an inter-laboratory measurement depends not only on the quantity
being tested (i.e. airborne sound reduction index, normalized impact sound pressure level) but specifically
on the mounting and measurement conditions for which the standard deviation of repeatability and
reproducibility are being obtained (e.g. walls, floors, windows). Effects influencing the measurement
result, like ageing or a strong dependence on humidity or temperature, shall also be considered.
The choice of test specimen also depends on practical considerations. In general, three different
approaches (see 5.6.2 to 5.6.4) depending on the type of measurement method and/or on the type of
specimen can be appropriate.
4 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12999-1:2014
ISO 12999-1:2014(E)
5.6.2 Use of single test specimen — Same material circulated among participants
For checking the measurement procedure and the facilities in different laboratories, ideally, the same
test specimen should be used by all participants in the inter-laboratory measurement and checked again
by the first laboratory at the end of the inter-laboratory measurement.
In building acoustics, this procedure is often not feasible due to the long period of time required,
the risk of damage or change of the test specimen and different sizes of test openings. However, the
variability resulting from the use of more than one test specimen is avoided and the standard deviation
of reproducibility thus obtained is characteristic for the test facility and measurement procedure alone.
5.6.3 Use of several test specimens taken from a production lot — Nominally identical material
exchangeable among participants
In contrast to the procedure described in 5.6.2, all participants of the inter-laboratory measurement
receive nominally identical test specimens, i.e. coming from the same production lot or of identical
design and constructed by one manufacturer. This enables testing in parallel and reduces the risk of
damage or of change due to the influence of time. However, the variability among the test specimens
due to their heterogeneity is then inseparable from the variability of the measurement procedure, and
forms an inherent part of the reproducibility standard deviation. For this reason it can be advantageous
to check all test specimens for homogeneity with more precision at one laboratory before the inter-
laboratory measurement and possibly also after its completion.
5.6.4 Use of several test specimens constructed in situ — Nominally identical material not ex-
changeable among participants
When the test specimens cannot be prefabricated and readily transported, they shall be constructed
in situ by each participant according to close specifications. In this case, the variability among the test
specimens due to their heterogeneity is even larger than for test specimens according to 5.6.3.
5.7 Laboratories with outlying measurement results
ISO 5725-2 provides statistical methods to test whether a result of a laboratory is an outlier in a
statistical sense. If a result turns out to be an outlier, it is necessary to investigate what are the reasons
for the discrepancy. A result shall be disqualified only in the case that an error has occurred, e.g. a wrong
microphone sensitivity was used. Whenever the measurement procedure described in the standard has
been applied correctly and all the requirements for the test facility, the measurement equipment and the
mounting of the specimen are fulfilled, the measurement result shall be considered to be in conformity
with the definition of the measurand. Such results shall not be disqualified even if they are outliers.
5.8 Verification of laboratory results by results of inter-laboratory tests
A laboratory x that has not taken part in an inter-laboratory test can verify the proper operation of
its own test procedure using the test results and the test specimen from an inter-laboratory test. It is
further recommended that a laboratory verify the proper operation of its own test procedure from time
to time, especially whenever changes in the test procedure itself, the test facility or the instrumentation
are made.
Laboratory x carries out n repeated measurements. The standard deviation of
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 12999-1:2012
01-september-2012
$NXVWLND8JRWDYOMDQMHLQXSRUDEDPHULOQHQHJRWRYRVWLYJUDGEHQLDNXVWLNLGHO
=YRþQDL]ROLUQRVW ,62',6
Acoustics - Determination and application of measurement uncertainties in building
acoustics - Part 1: Sound insulation (ISO/DIS 12999-1:2012)
Akustik - Bestimmung und Anwendung der Messunsicherheiten in der Bauakustik - Teil
1: Schalldämmung (ISO/DIS 12999-1:2012)
Acoustique - Détermination et application des incertitudes de mesure dans l'acoustique
des bâtiments - Partie 1: Isolation acoustique (ISO/DIS 12999-1:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 12999-1
ICS:
17.140.01 $NXVWLþQDPHUMHQMDLQ Acoustic measurements and
EODåHQMHKUXSDQDVSORãQR noise abatement in general
91.120.20 $NXVWLNDYVWDYEDK=YRþQD Acoustics in building. Sound
L]RODFLMD insulation
oSIST prEN ISO 12999-1:2012 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 12999-1:2012
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oSIST prEN ISO 12999-1:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN ISO 12999-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2012
ICS 17.140.01; 91.120.20
English Version
Acoustics - Determination and application of measurement
uncertainties in building acoustics - Part 1: Sound insulation
(ISO/DIS 12999-1:2012)
Acoustique - Détermination et application des incertitudes Akustik - Bestimmung und Anwendung der
de mesure dans l'acoustique des bâtiments - Partie 1:
Messunsicherheiten in der Bauakustik - Teil 1:
Isolation acoustique (ISO/DIS 12999-1:2012) Schalldämmung (ISO/DIS 12999-1:2012)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 126.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 12999-1:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN ISO 12999-1:2012
prEN ISO 12999-1:2012 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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oSIST prEN ISO 12999-1:2012
prEN ISO 12999-1:2012 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 12999-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43 "Acoustics"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 126 “Acoustic properties of building elements and of
buildings” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/DIS 12999-1:2012 has been approved by CEN as a prEN ISO 12999-1:2012 without any
modification.
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oSIST prEN ISO 12999-1:2012
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 12999-1
ISO/TC 43/SC 2 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on Voting terminates on
2012-05-17 2012-10-17
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Acoustics — Determination and application of measurement
uncertainties in building acoustics —
Part 1:
Sound insulation
Acoustique — Détermination et application des incertitudes de mesure dans l'acoustique des bâtiments —
Partie 1: Isolation acoustique
[Revision of second edition (ISO 140-2:1991) and ISO 140-2:1991/Cor.1:1993]
ICS 17.140.01; 91.120.20
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and
processed under the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member bodies for a parallel
five-month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be
submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee
secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at
publication stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
© International Organization for Standardization, 2012
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Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as permitted
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Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Detailed uncertainty budget . 3
5 Uncertainty determination by inter-laboratory measurements . 4
6 Uncertainties associated with single-number values . 8
7 Standard uncertainties for typical measurands . 8
8 Application of the uncertainties . 11
Annex A (informativ) System of handling uncertainties in building acoustics . 13
Annex B (informativ) Example for the calculation of the uncertainty of single number values . 15
Bibliography . 18
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12999-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 2, Building
acoustics.
This edition cancels and replaces ISO 140-2:1991, which has been technically revised.
ISO 12999 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics — Determination and application
of measurement uncertainties in building acoustics:
Part 1: Sound insulation
Part 2: Sound absorption
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Introduction
An assessment of uncertainties which is comprehensible and close to reality is indispensible for many
questions in building acoustics. Whether a requirement is met, a laboratory delivers correct results or the
acoustic properties of a product are better than the same properties of some other product can be decided
only by adequately assessing the uncertainties associated with the quantities under consideration.
Uncertainties should preferably be determined following the principles of the Guide to the Expression of
Uncertainty in Measurement. This Guide specifies a detailed procedure for the uncertainty evaluation which is
based upon a complete mathematical model of the measurement procedure. At the current knowledge, it
seems to be impossible to formulate these models for the different quantities in building acoustics. Therefore,
only the principles of such an uncertainty assessment will be explained.
To come to uncertainties all the same, the concept of reproducibility and repeatability is incorporated which is
the traditional way of uncertainty determination in building acoustics. This concept offers the possibility to state
the uncertainty of a method and of measurements carried out according to the method, based on the results of
inter-laboratory measurements.
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 12999-1
Acoustics — Determination and application of measurement
uncertainties in building acoustics —
Part 1:
Sound insulation
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12999 specifies procedures for assessing the measurement uncertainty of sound insulation in
building acoustics. It gives guidelines for
detailed uncertainty assessment;
determination of uncertainties by inter-laboratory tests;
application of uncertainties.
Furthermore, typical uncertainties are given for quantities determined according to ISO 10140, ISO 16283 and
ISO 717.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 1: General
principles and definitions
ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 2: Basic
method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
ISO 717 (all parts), Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements
ISO 10140 (all parts), Acoustics — Laboratory measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building
elements
ISO 16283 (all parts), Acoustics — Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements-
field measurements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. Whenever applicable, they are
equivalent to those given in ISO 5725-1, in the Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement [1] and
in the International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology [2].
3.1
measurand
particular quantity subject to measurement, e.g. the airborne sound insulation of a particular window pane
determined according to ISO 10140
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3.2
measurement result
value attributed to a measurand, obtained by following the complete set of instructions given in a
measurement procedure
NOTE 1 to entry The measurement result may be a frequency band level or a single number value determined
according to the rating procedures of ISO 717.
3.3
uncertainty
parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, that characterizes the dispersion of the values that
could reasonably be attributed to the measurand
3.4
standard uncertainty
u
uncertainty of the result of a measurement expressed as a standard deviation
3.5
combined standard uncertainty
u
c
standard uncertainty of the result of a measurement when that result is obtained from the values of a number
of other quantities, equal to the positive square root of a sum of terms, the terms being the variances or
covariances of these other quantities weighted according to how the measurement result varies with changes
in these quantities
3.6
expanded uncertainty
U
quantity defining an interval about the result of a measurement that may be expected to encompass a large
fraction of the distribution of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand
3.7
coverage factor
k
numerical factor used as a multiplier of the combined standard uncertainty in order to obtain an expanded
uncertainty
3.8
repeatability condition
condition of measurement that includes the same measurement procedure, same operators, same measuring
system, same location (laboratory or usual building), and replicate measurements on the same object over a
short period of time
3.9
repeatability standard deviation
r
the standard deviation of measurement results obtained under repeatability conditions
3.10
reproducibility condition
condition of measurement that includes different locations (laboratories or usual buildings), operators,
measuring systems, and replicate measurements on the same or similar objects
3.11
reproducibility standard deviation
R
the standard deviation of measurement results obtained under reproducibility conditions
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3.12
in-situ condition
condition of measurement that includes the same location (laboratory or usual building), and replicate
measurements on the same object by different operators using different measuring systems
3.13
in-situ standard deviation
situ
the standard deviation of measurement results obtained under in-situ conditions
4 Detailed uncertainty budget
4.1 General
The derivation of a detailed uncertainty budget is desirable to find out which uncertainty contributions are the
most important ones and how these contributions may be reduced. Furthermore, such a budget will reflect the
individual sound fields during the measurement. Consequently, the uncertainty is valid for an individual
measurement result and not for a whole family of results. This chapter will give guidelines on the derivation of
such uncertainty budgets.
4.2 Influences on the result of building acoustic measurements
Measurement results in building acoustics are influenced by many parameters which can be arranged into
groups corresponding to repeatability and reproducibility conditions. Uncertainty components mentioned
below are thought to be of importance for most measurands in building acoustics. Nevertheless, other
uncertainty components may arise under special circumstances.
The first group of uncertainty components comprises all the influences which occur under repeatability
conditions. To these influences belong
imperfect spatial and temporal averaging when determining averaged sound pressure levels;
uncertainties in the background noise correction if the background noise is not stationary; and
uncertainties associated with the determination of room absorption, e.g. due to imperfect spatial
averaging.
Effects of static pressure, humidity and temperature can be neglected here when the measurements are
carried out within a short period of time wherein these quantities remain constant.
All influences leading to deviations between different laboratories are covered by the second group. These are
uncertainties due to differences in the airborne or structure-borne sound fields involved which may be caused
by
different sizes or aspect ratios of the test openings;
different loss factors of the test facilities;
different room geometries;
different boundary conditions;
remaining flanking transmission.
Further uncertainty components of the second group are
the measurement equipment including the calibration; and
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effects of temperature, static pressure and humidity.
The sum of all uncertainty contributions from the first and the second group contain all influences covered by
the term reproducibility conditions.
A third group of influences is made up of only one element. This is the product scatter of usual building
elements. This uncertainty component is not handled within the scope of this standard even though there are
cases where it exceeds all the other components.
4.3 Calculation of the standard uncertainty of the measurand
The measurand Y is determined by N input quantities X , X , ., X through a functional relationship f
1 2 N
Y fX , X ,.X (1)
1 2 N
A probability distribution (normal, rectangular, student-t, etc.) is associated with each of the input quantities. Its
expectation (mean value) is the best estimate for the value of the input quantity and its standard deviation is a
measure of the dispersion of values, termed uncertainty.
For the case of negligible correlation between the input quantities, the combined standard uncertainty of the
estimate of the measurand y is given by the following equation:
2
N
f
2
uy u x (2)
ci
x
i
i1
where
f is the function given in equation (1);
u(x ) is the standard uncertainty of the estimate x representing the input quantity X .
i i i
At the current state of knowledge, the derivation of a functional relationship covering all effects mentioned in
4.2 is not possible for all measurands in building acoustics one reason being the unknown degree of
correlation between input quantities [3].
5 Uncertainty determination by inter-laboratory measurements
5.1 General
Standard deviations determined by inter-laboratory measurements may serve as an estimate for the standard
uncertainty. The general concept and the procedure for determining these standard deviations are given in
ISO 5725-1 and ISO 5725-2, respectively. As many operators and laboratories as possible should participate
in such inter-laboratory measurements in order to obtain reliable results.
5.2 Measurement situations
In building acoustics, three different measurement situations are to be distinguished.
The situation A is that a building element is to be characterized by laboratory measurements. In this case, the
measurand is defined by the relevant part of ISO 10140 including all additional requirements e.g. for the
measurement equipment and especially for the test facilities. Therefore, all measurement results that may be
obtained in another test facility or building also comply with this definition. The standard uncertainty thus is the
standard deviation of reproducibility as determined by inter-laboratory measurements.
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Situation B is described by the case that different measurement teams come to the same location to carry out
measurements. The location may be a usual building or a test facility. The measurand thus is a property of
one particular element in one particular test facility or the property of a building. The main difference to
situation A is that many aspects of the airborne and structure-borne sound fields involved remain constant
since the physical construction is unchanged. The standard uncertainty obtained for this situation is called in-
situ standard deviation.
Situation C handles the case that the measurement is simply repeated in the same location by the same
operator using the same equipment. The location may be a usual building or a test facility. The standard
uncertainty is the standard deviation of repeatability as determined by inter-laboratory measurements.
5.3 Measurement conditions
The acoustical measurement conditions for determining the different standard deviations shall correspond to
the conditions given in the standardized measurement procedures. The test specimen shall not be remounted
between repeated measurements.
Each laboratory shall use its normal measurement procedure when participating in an inter-laboratory
measurement. No deviations from the test procedure laid down shall occur but repeating the measurements
several times, the parameters left open in the measurement procedure shall be represented as well as
possible. In particular, the set of microphone positions and source positions over which averaging is carried
out in one measurement shall be selected anew, more or less randomly, for each repeated measurement.
This is necessary to obtain a mean value and a standard deviation of repeatability which represent the
situation correctly.
Before the inter-laboratory measurement is started, each participating laboratory shall report the exact details
of its test procedure.
Additional requirements for carrying out inter-laboratory measurements for the test specimen chosen shall be
laid down in detail. This refers in particular to the following items:
quantities to be measured and reported, rules for rounding numbers;
number of repeated measurements required;
calibration of the measurement equipment;
mounting and sealing conditions of the test specimen, and curing time where appropriate.
5.4 Number of participating laboratories
The number of laboratories shall, from a statistical point of view, be at least p = 8, but is preferable to exceed
this number in order to reduce the number of replicate measurements required. The number n of
measurements in each laboratory should be so chosen that p(n - 1) ≥ 35. In addition, at least five test results
are needed for each laboratory. If the number n of measurements is different among the participating
laboratories, a mean number of measurements is to be calculated and used (see ISO 5725-2). The
measurement results obtained shall not be preselected in any way by the participating laboratories before they
are reported.
5.5 Stating the test results of inter-laboratory measurements
In order to simplify the evaluation of measurement results reported, it is strongly desirable to supply forms to
be filled in by the participants. For the statistical analysis it is important to report special observations and/or
any irregularities observed during the test.
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5.6 Choice of test specimen
The kind of test specimen to be used for an inter-laboratory measurement depends not only on the quantity to
be tested (i.e. airborne sound reduction index, normalized impact sound pressure level) but specifically on the
mounting and measurement conditions for which the standard deviation of repeatability and reproducibility are
to be obtained (e.g. walls, floors, windows). Effects influencing the measurement result like ageing or a strong
dependence on humidity or temperature shall also be considered.
The choice of test specimen also depends on practical considerations. In general, three different approaches
depending on the type of measurement method and/or on the type of specimen may be appropriate.
5.6.1 Use of single test specimen (same material circulated among participants)
For checking the measurement procedure and the facilities in different laboratories, ideally, the same test
specimen should be used by all participants in the inter-laboratory measurement and checked again by the
first laboratory at the end of the inter-laboratory measurement.
In building acoustics, this procedure will often not be feasible due to the long period of time required, the risk
of damage or change of the test specimen and different sizes of test openings. However, the variability
resulting from the use of more than one test specimen is avoided and the standard deviation of reproducibility
thus obtained is characteristic for the test facility and measurement procedure alone.
5.6.2 Use of several test specimens taken from a production lot (nominally identical material
exchangeable among participants)
In contrast to the procedure described in 5.6.1, all participants of the inter-laboratory measurement receive
nominally identical test specimens, i.e. coming from the same production lot or of identical design and
constructed by one manufacturer. This enables testing in parallel and reduces the risk of damage or of change
due to the influence of time. However, the variability among the test specimens due to their heterogeneity is
then inseparable from the variability of the measurement procedure, and forms an inherent part of the
reproducibility standard deviation. For this reason it may be advantageous to check all test specimens for
homogeneity with more precision at one laboratory before the inter-laboratory measurement and possibly also
after its completion.
5.6.3 Use of several test specimens constructed in situ (nominally identical material not
exchangeable among participants)
When the test specimens cannot be prefabricated and readily transported, they shall be constructed in situ by
each participant according to close specifications. In this case the variability among the test specimens due to
their heterogeneity is even larger than for test specimens according to 5.6.2.
5.7 Laboratories with outlying measurement results
ISO 5725-2 provides statistical methods to test whether a result of a laboratory is an outlier in a statistical
sense. If a result turns out to be an outlier it is to be investigated what the reasons for the discrepancy are. A
result is
...
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